CN111360093A - Pipe extrusion method - Google Patents
Pipe extrusion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111360093A CN111360093A CN202010133417.0A CN202010133417A CN111360093A CN 111360093 A CN111360093 A CN 111360093A CN 202010133417 A CN202010133417 A CN 202010133417A CN 111360093 A CN111360093 A CN 111360093A
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- extrusion
- magnesium alloy
- pipe
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/003—Cooling or heating of work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C29/00—Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press; Gas treatment of work
- B21C29/02—Cooling or heating of containers for metal to be extruded
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a pipe extrusion method. The existing extrusion process easily causes the surface of the magnesium alloy pipe to be blackened or even cracked, and the mechanical property is very poor, so that the performance requirement of the magnesium alloy pipe for the bicycle can not be met. If the performance of the magnesium alloy pipe does not meet the requirement of the bicycle, the magnesium alloy pipe can be potentially harmful to people who produce and use the bicycle. The application provides a pipe extrusion method, which comprises the following steps: 1) setting the furnace temperature and the heating time of a heating furnace, and then putting the magnesium alloy casting blank at the normal temperature into the heating furnace; 2) selecting a die with an extrusion ratio of 50-130, and putting the casting blank into an extrusion cylinder at 350-450 ℃ for extrusion; 3) the extrusion speed is controlled to be 0.4-1.6 m/min in the extrusion process. The magnesium alloy pipe with good gloss surface and mechanical property can be obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of material processing, and particularly relates to a pipe extrusion method.
Background
Magnesium and its alloy are the lightest metal structure materials in practical engineering application, have the advantages of low density, high specific strength and specific stiffness, good damping and shock absorption, good thermal conductivity, good electromagnetic shielding effect, excellent machining performance, stable part size, easy recovery and the like, and become important novel materials in the industries of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, computers, electronics, communication, household appliances and the like. However, due to the close-packed hexagonal structure of magnesium alloy, the slip system is less, and the strong basal plane texture, the following problems exist: 1) the strengthening and toughening effect is limited (too many alloy elements and increased density reduce the effect of light weight), the strength level is low, and the effect of reducing weight is not obvious. 2) The forming is mainly based on the casting technology, the performance is low, the defects are many, the reliability is poor, the plastic deformation is difficult at normal temperature, and most of magnesium alloys need to be formed at high temperature. These problems have somewhat restricted the development and application of magnesium alloys.
At present, in order to improve the performance of magnesium alloy, plastic deformation treatment is generally carried out. For magnesium alloy pipes, numerous process parameters are involved in the extrusion process, and optimizing the process to further improve the performance of the magnesium alloy pipes is a common means. If a good extrusion process can be obtained, the key technology for manufacturing the magnesium alloy high-performance pipe is broken through, and the application of the magnesium alloy high-performance pipe is greatly facilitated to be expanded.
The existing extrusion process easily causes the surface of the magnesium alloy pipe to be blackened or even cracked, and the mechanical property is very poor, so that the performance requirement of the magnesium alloy pipe for the bicycle can not be met. If the performance of the magnesium alloy pipe does not meet the requirement of the bicycle, the magnesium alloy pipe can be potentially harmful to people who produce and use the bicycle.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The magnesium alloy pipe based on the existing extrusion process is easy to cause blackening and even cracking on the surface, has very poor mechanical properties and can not meet the performance requirements of the magnesium alloy pipe for bicycles. If the performance can not meet the requirement of a bicycle, the magnesium alloy pipe can be potentially harmful to people who produce and use the bicycle, and the application provides a pipe extrusion method.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides a pipe extruding method, including the steps of:
1) setting the furnace temperature and the heating time of a heating furnace, and then putting the magnesium alloy casting blank at the normal temperature into the heating furnace;
2) selecting a die with an extrusion ratio of 50-130, and putting the casting blank into an extrusion cylinder at 350-450 ℃ for extrusion;
3) the extrusion speed is controlled to be 0.4-1.6 m/min in the extrusion process.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the furnace temperature in the step 1) is 300-350 ℃.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the heating time in the step 1) is 230-800 ℃.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the furnace temperature is 340 ℃, the heating time is 790 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.48m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 420 ℃.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the furnace temperature is 320 ℃, the heating time is 405 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.698m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 400 ℃.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the furnace temperature is 330 ℃, the heating time is 233 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 70, the extrusion speed is 1.552m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 380 ℃.
Another embodiment provided by the present application is: the pipe is applied to manufacturing of bicycles.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the pipe extrusion method provided by the application has the beneficial effects that:
the application provides a pipe extrusion method, which aims at the problem of lack of a good process of the existing magnesium alloy pipe and provides a method for optimizing the process.
The pipe extrusion method provided by the application provides several magnesium alloy pipe extrusion processes, improves the mechanical property of the pipe, and achieves the purpose of improving the processing and use properties of the material.
The pipe extrusion method provided by the application can obtain the magnesium alloy pipe with good gloss surface and mechanical property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of an extrusion process of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the mechanical properties of the pipe of the present application.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description that the present application can be practiced. Features from different embodiments may be combined to yield new embodiments, or certain features may be substituted for certain embodiments to yield yet further preferred embodiments, without departing from the principles of the present application.
Magnesium alloy has great potential as a material, and compared with aluminum alloy and steel, the development and application of magnesium alloy are limited due to lower strength and plasticity. In order to solve this problem and to adapt to some product applications, researchers have generally improved the mechanical properties of magnesium alloys by deforming them. Aiming at magnesium alloy pipes, the magnesium alloy pipes are formed by extrusion, and relate to a plurality of process parameters needing to be controlled. For materials, the process directly affects the properties of the material. Many researchers hope to improve the comprehensive mechanical property of the magnesium alloy pipe by optimizing the process parameters so as to meet the performance requirements of material application. Therefore, how to obtain a good process to improve the comprehensive performance of the magnesium alloy pipe is particularly necessary.
At present, magnesium alloy pipes, bars, profiles and strips are mainly processed by adopting an extrusion method. Research shows that the extruded magnesium alloy has more uniform composition and denser internal structure, so that the extruded magnesium alloy has higher strength, elongation and the like than cast magnesium alloy. In order to produce products with structures and properties meeting design requirements, the optimal process parameters in the thermal deformation process of the magnesium alloy must be deeply researched.
Heating furnace temperature and heating time: the proper heating furnace temperature and heating time are set, so that residual stress of cast structures can be eliminated, the temperature required by extrusion is reduced, and deformation processing is facilitated. The magnesium alloy has a close-packed hexagonal lattice, and only basal planes slip at room temperature, so the magnesium alloy is easy to crack at room temperature and difficult to perform plastic forming processing. The high temperature is favorable for processing deformation, but the high temperature is easy to generate oxidation.
Extrusion ratio: the extrusion ratio directly influences the wall thickness of the pipe, and different extrusion ratios influence the metal deformation. When the extrusion ratio is increased, the difficulty of the metal flowing out of the die hole is increased, and the extrusion force is also increased. When the other conditions are the same, the extrusion ratio is increased, and the resistance to the flow of the outer layer metal of the ingot to the die hole during extrusion is also increased, so that the difference in the flow rate of the inner and outer layer metals is increased, and the deformation is uneven. If the extrusion ratio is too large, the extrusion machine is blocked due to the too large extrusion force, so that the extrusion process cannot be normally carried out, even tools are damaged, and the productivity is influenced. If the extrusion ratio is too low, the capability of the extrusion equipment cannot be fully utilized, and the uniform texture and performance of the product cannot be obtained.
Temperature of the extrusion container: the deformation temperature range of the magnesium alloy is narrow, and cracks are easy to generate when a blank is in direct contact with an extrusion cylinder during extrusion. Therefore, the container must be heated. Because the contact area of the blank and the die is large and the deformation time is long, the temperature of the extrusion cylinder is very critical, the surface quality of the pipe and the temperature during extrusion are directly influenced, and the important factors influencing the dynamic recrystallization degree are obtained.
Extrusion speed: when the deformation speed is increased again, although the temperature rise of the blank is obvious, because the work hardening speed of the metal in the deformation process is faster than the softening process in the recrystallization process, the blank flow stress is not reduced, but is obviously increased. Therefore, the reasonable extrusion speed is controlled, which is beneficial to extrusion and improvement of the pipe performance. The reasonable control of the extrusion speed can obtain fine and uniform crystal grains and good comprehensive mechanical properties. The higher the extrusion speed, the more sufficient dynamic recrystallization of the alloy occurs and the more uniform the structure. When the extrusion speed is lower, the alloy is high in strength but poor in plasticity because partial dynamic recrystallization occurs. When the extrusion speed is higher, the alloy strength decreases and the plasticity increases because complete dynamic recrystallization occurs.
The technological parameters are mutually influenced, and the final mechanical property of the pipe is comprehensively determined. No single process parameter depends on qualitative factors.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present application provides a pipe extrusion method, including the steps of:
1) setting the furnace temperature and the heating time of a heating furnace, and then putting the magnesium alloy casting blank at the normal temperature into the heating furnace;
2) selecting a die with an extrusion ratio of 50-130, and putting the casting blank into an extrusion cylinder at 350-450 ℃ for extrusion;
3) the extrusion speed is controlled to be 0.4-1.6 m/min in the extrusion process.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the furnace temperature in the step 1) is 300-350 ℃.
Further, the heating time in the step 1) is 230-800 ℃.
Further, the furnace temperature is 340 ℃, the heating time is 790 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.48m/min, and the temperature of the extrusion barrel is 420 ℃.
Further, the furnace temperature is 320 ℃, the heating time is 405 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.698m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 400 ℃.
Further, the furnace temperature is 330 ℃, the heating time is 233 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 70, the extrusion speed is 1.552m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 380 ℃.
Further, the pipe is applied to manufacturing of bicycles.
The concrete case is as follows:
(1) after the magnesium alloy casting blank at the normal temperature is placed into a heating furnace, the furnace temperature is set to 320 ℃ and the heating time is set to 405 min.
(2) And selecting a mold with an extrusion ratio of 128, and putting the heated casting blank into an extrusion cylinder at the temperature of 400 ℃ to start extrusion.
(3) The extrusion speed is controlled to be 0.698m/min in the extrusion process, a pipe with a glossy surface is extruded, the yield strength is 198MPa after the test, and the elongation is 18%.
The extrusion method can also be applied to other magnesium alloys, extruded magnesium alloy bars, plates and the like.
The existing extrusion process can not obtain the magnesium alloy pipe with good gloss surface and mechanical property. The application provides a plurality of extrusion processes for obtaining the magnesium alloy pipe with good gloss surface and mechanical property.
Compared with extrusion processing, the extrusion processing has the advantages of simple process flow, for example, magnesium alloy plates are mainly rolled and can be formed by repeated rolling, so that the processes are multiple and the production efficiency is low. If extrusion is used, it is very advantageous in terms of cost. The extrusion deformation can effectively improve the structure of the metal material, refine crystal grains and improve the mechanical property of the metal material.
Although the present application has been described above with reference to specific embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that many changes may be made in the configuration and details of the present application within the principles and scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the application is determined by the appended claims, and all changes that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the technical features are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. A method of extruding a pipe, comprising: the method comprises the following steps:
1) setting the furnace temperature and the heating time of a heating furnace, and then putting the magnesium alloy casting blank at the normal temperature into the heating furnace;
2) selecting a die with an extrusion ratio of 50-130, and putting the casting blank into an extrusion cylinder at 350-450 ℃ for extrusion;
3) the extrusion speed is controlled to be 0.4-1.6 m/min in the extrusion process.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the furnace temperature in the step 1) is 300-350 ℃.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the heating time in the step 1) is 230-800 ℃.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein: the furnace temperature is 340 ℃, the heating time is 790 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.48m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 420 ℃.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein: the furnace temperature is 320 ℃, the heating time is 405 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 128, the extrusion speed is 0.698m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 400 ℃.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein: the furnace temperature is 330 ℃, the heating time is 233 minutes, the extrusion ratio is 70, the extrusion speed is 1.552m/min, and the extrusion barrel temperature is 380 ℃.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the pipe is applied to manufacturing of bicycles.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010133417.0A CN111360093A (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Pipe extrusion method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010133417.0A CN111360093A (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Pipe extrusion method |
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| CN111360093A true CN111360093A (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| CN202010133417.0A Pending CN111360093A (en) | 2020-02-28 | 2020-02-28 | Pipe extrusion method |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3490263A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1970-01-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of improving the workability of a magnesium alloy extrusion |
| CN1587430A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Deformed magnesium alloy and its casting and deforming processing process |
| CN1817730A (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2006-08-16 | 于克儒 | Magnesium alloy frame tube and production method of frame tube and frame |
| US20080017286A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2008-01-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Methods of extruding magnesium alloys |
| CN107327690A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-07 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of controllable magnesium alloy tubule of wall thickness and preparation method thereof |
| CN109622649A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 吉林大学 | A kind of magnesium alloy continuous variable cross section large deformation extrusion process forming method |
| CN109702027A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-03 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of pressurizing unit and processing method of high-performance magnesium-alloy tubing |
-
2020
- 2020-02-28 CN CN202010133417.0A patent/CN111360093A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3490263A (en) * | 1967-10-02 | 1970-01-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of improving the workability of a magnesium alloy extrusion |
| US20080017286A1 (en) * | 2004-03-04 | 2008-01-24 | Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. | Methods of extruding magnesium alloys |
| CN1587430A (en) * | 2004-08-12 | 2005-03-02 | 上海交通大学 | Deformed magnesium alloy and its casting and deforming processing process |
| CN1817730A (en) * | 2006-02-17 | 2006-08-16 | 于克儒 | Magnesium alloy frame tube and production method of frame tube and frame |
| CN107327690A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2017-11-07 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of controllable magnesium alloy tubule of wall thickness and preparation method thereof |
| CN109702027A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-03 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of pressurizing unit and processing method of high-performance magnesium-alloy tubing |
| CN109622649A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 吉林大学 | A kind of magnesium alloy continuous variable cross section large deformation extrusion process forming method |
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Application publication date: 20200703 |