CN111352021B - Signal calibration method of test equipment - Google Patents
Signal calibration method of test equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN111352021B CN111352021B CN202010162249.8A CN202010162249A CN111352021B CN 111352021 B CN111352021 B CN 111352021B CN 202010162249 A CN202010162249 A CN 202010162249A CN 111352021 B CN111352021 B CN 111352021B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/28—Testing of electronic circuits, e.g. by signal tracer
- G01R31/2832—Specific tests of electronic circuits not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/2834—Automated test systems [ATE]; using microprocessors or computers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
- G01R35/005—Calibrating; Standards or reference devices, e.g. voltage or resistance standards, "golden" references
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Abstract
The invention discloses a signal calibration method of test equipment, which comprises the following steps: s01: setting a starting value, an ending value and a step length of a test equipment signal; writing a default value in a calibration register of the test equipment; s02: driving the test equipment to output signals from the initial value, and sequentially increasing the step length until outputting the end value; s03: recording and storing an actual output signal value corresponding to the test equipment; s04: inputting the set signal value and the actual output signal value into a segment calibration algorithm module, and solving calibration coefficients of segment points and segment intervals by the segment calibration algorithm module; s05: and calibrating the output signals of the corresponding subsection intervals according to the calibration coefficient of each subsection interval. The signal calibration method of the test equipment provided by the invention can be used for calibrating in a subsection mode in the full-range, can also be used for automatically searching for effective subsection points, and further reduces the error of the output signal of the test equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of signal calibration of test equipment, in particular to a signal calibration method of the test equipment.
Background
At present, the calibration of ATE test equipment adopts the method of correcting the error of the output signal of an ATE chip by adjusting an internal calibration register of the ATE chip, and in the prior art, a set signal is calibrated by setting the gain and the offset factor of the calibration register.
As shown in fig. 1, in the prior art, an output value is set first, and then a corresponding output code value (hexadecimal code value) is calculated and written into an output register; and simultaneously, calculating a calibration coefficient, calculating a corresponding calibration code value, writing the code value corresponding to the calibration coefficient into a calibration register, and outputting an output signal corresponding to a set value under the combined action of the output register and the calibration register. The method comprises the steps of firstly calculating a calibration coefficient by driving the test equipment to output a calibration signal, calculating a corresponding calibration Code value, and writing the calibration Code value into a calibration register to correct errors of the output signal of the test equipment.
In the calibration process, the calibration register calibrates the set value through the gain and the offset, as shown in fig. 2, the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signal of the driving device in the prior art are recorded, and the corresponding actual output is recordedThe maximum value and the minimum value of the values, and the Gain error coefficient Gain is obtained, wherein,
vout _ max and Vout _ min are the maximum and minimum values of the output actual value, respectively, and Vset _ max and Vset _ min are the maximum and minimum values of the output signal of the driving device, respectively. The driving device outputs the intermediate value (generally, zero value) of the signal, and records the corresponding actual value to find the Offset error coefficient Offset; vout _ mid-Vset _ mid; vout _ mid is the corresponding actual output value, and Vset _ mid is the intermediate value of the output signal of the driving device. The values of the calibration coefficients Gain and Offset are saved and written into the calibration register. The calibration of current ATE test equipment uses one calibration over the full range, and no calibration over multiple ranges, i.e., the value of the calibration register has only one value over the full range. Because the range of the full range is large, the error of the calibrated system at some ranges is small, and the error of other ranges is large, so that the precision requirement in the full range cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a signal calibration method of test equipment, which can perform calibration in a full-scale range in a segmented manner, can automatically search effective segmented points and further reduce the error of an output signal of the test equipment.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of signal calibration of test equipment, comprising the steps of:
s01: setting a starting value, an ending value and a step length of a test equipment signal; writing a default value in a calibration register of the test equipment;
s02: driving the test equipment to output signals from the initial value, and sequentially increasing the step length until outputting the end value;
s03: recording and storing an actual output signal value corresponding to the test equipment;
s04: inputting the set signal value and the actual output signal value into a segment calibration algorithm module, and solving calibration coefficients of segment points and segment intervals by the segment calibration algorithm module;
s05: and calibrating the output signals of the corresponding subsection intervals according to the calibration coefficients of the subsection intervals.
Further, the segmentation calibration algorithm module in step S04 uses an automatic linear calibration segmentation algorithm to find the calibration coefficients of the segmentation points and the segmentation intervals.
Further, the step of solving the calibration coefficients of the segment points and the segment intervals by adopting an automatic linear calibration segmentation algorithm comprises the following steps:
s041: setting the division point as a starting point, shifting the division point by x, and calculating the fitting degree of the division interval between the starting point and the division point; x is an integer greater than 0;
s042: sequentially moving back the segmentation points on the basis of the previous segmentation point until the segmentation points are overlapped with the end points, and respectively calculating the fitting degree of segmentation intervals between the starting point and each segmentation point;
s043: selecting the division point with the maximum fitting degree as a first segmentation point;
s044: repeating the steps S041-S043 by taking the segmentation point as a starting point to obtain the next segmentation point; until the distance between the last segmentation point and the end point is less than x, obtaining all segmentation points;
s045: and calculating calibration coefficients of the segmentation intervals among the segmentation points.
Further, in step S042, each time the division point is moved backward, the previous division point is moved backward by x bits, and the fitting degree of the division interval between the division point after the backward movement and the start point is calculated.
Further, in step S045, a least square method is used to calculate a calibration coefficient of a segment interval between each segment point.
Further, the fitting degree of the segment intervals between the respective segment points in the step S04 is greater than or equal to the fitting degree threshold.
Further, the starting value of the test device signal in the step S01 is the minimum value of the test device signal; the end value of the test device signal is the maximum value of the test device signal.
Further, the step S03 stores the signal values set by the test equipment and the actual output values as a set of two-dimensional data.
Further, the step S05 specifically includes:
s051: setting a signal value to be calibrated of the test equipment, and calculating a corresponding output code value;
s052: determining a subsection interval of the output value, adopting a calibration coefficient of the subsection interval to calibrate the output code value, and writing the calibrated output code value into an output register;
s053: calculating a calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient, and writing the calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient into a calibration register;
s054: and measuring the output signal at the moment, namely the output signal after calibration.
Furthermore, the calibrated output code value and the code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient in the calibration register are simultaneously used as input signals, and a calibration signal is output through a bias and gain calibration circuit.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts a software calibration algorithm to calibrate from the upper direction and the lower direction, thereby avoiding that the calibration register can only calibrate towards one direction due to the limitation of the word length of the register and further reducing the error of the output signal of the test equipment; the automatic segmentation calibration algorithm adopted by the invention can automatically calculate the most suitable calibration coefficient between the segmentation point and the segmentation interval, and can calibrate in different segmentation intervals, thereby further reducing the error of the output signal of the test equipment in the full-scale range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 illustrates a method for calibrating signals of a test apparatus according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of gain and offset calculation in a calibration register according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a method of calibrating signals of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flow chart of the present invention for calibrating a setup signal.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the signal calibration method for a testing apparatus provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
s01: setting a starting value, an ending value and a step value of a test equipment signal; a default value is written in a calibration register of the test equipment.
Preferably, the initial value of the test device signal may be the minimum value of the test device signal, or may be set according to practical applications; the end value of the test device signal is the maximum value of the test device signal, and can also be set according to practical application.
The calibration register is for correcting an error of the output register, and an error between a set value and an output value can be minimized by adjusting a value of the calibration register. In the invention, the calibration register is written with the default value, which is equivalent to that the calibration register does not play a calibration role, but the set value is calibrated before entering the calibration register. There is a calibration register default value, i.e., a power-on initial value, that is determined for different test devices.
S02: and driving the test equipment to output signals from the starting value, and sequentially increasing the step size until outputting the ending value. In this step, after the initial value, the step value and the end value are set in advance, the test equipment can automatically output each set value in sequence.
S03: recording and storing an actual output signal value corresponding to the test equipment; each set signal value corresponds to an actual output signal value. The invention can store the signal value and the actual output value set by the test equipment into a group of two-dimensional data.
S04: and inputting the set signal value and the actual output signal value into a sectional calibration algorithm module, and solving the calibration coefficients of sectional points and sectional intervals by the sectional calibration algorithm module.
Specifically, the piecewise calibration algorithm module may, but is not limited to, use an automatic linear calibration piecewise algorithm to calculate the calibration coefficients of the piecewise points and the piecewise intervals, and the following description takes the linear calibration algorithm as an example: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s041: setting the division point as a starting point, shifting the division point by x, and calculating the fitting degree of the division interval between the starting point and the division point; x is an integer greater than 0;
s042: and sequentially moving the segmentation points backwards on the basis of the previous segmentation point until the segmentation points are coincided with the end points, and respectively calculating the fitting degree of the segmentation intervals between the starting point and each segmentation point. It is worth noting that when the division point is moved backwards, the last division point is moved backwards by x, and the fitting degree of the division interval between the division point after the backward movement and the starting point is calculated; note that the end point is taken as the last division point regardless of whether the distance between the end point and the penultimate division point is equal to or less than x bits. That is, the degree of matching of the division interval between the start point and each of the different division points is calculated in this step. The specific fitting degree calculation method may adopt any method in the prior art.
S043: selecting the division point with the maximum fitting degree as a first segmentation point;
s044: and (4) repeating the steps S041-S043 by taking the segmentation point as a starting point to obtain the next segmentation point until the distance between the last segmentation point and the end point is less than x, and obtaining all the segmentation points. The fitting degree of the segmentation intervals among the segmentation points is greater than or equal to a fitting degree threshold value. It should be noted that the segmentation points are determined by the degree of fitting in the present invention, and therefore, the distances between adjacent segmentation points are not necessarily equal.
S045: and calculating calibration coefficients of the segmentation intervals among the segmentation points. The invention can but not limited to calculate the calibration coefficient of the segment interval between each segment point by adopting a least square method, and the specific calculation method can adopt any method in the prior art.
S05: and calibrating the output signals of the corresponding subsection intervals according to the calibration coefficients of the subsection intervals.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the steps S01-S0 are all for calculating the calibration coefficient of each segment interval, and may be regarded as a preparation stage of a specific calibration operation, and this step is a calibration application process of the output value of the test equipment, that is, a signal value to be calibrated is set in this step, and the signal value is calibrated by applying the calculated calibration coefficient of the segment interval, as shown in fig. 4, which specifically includes the following steps:
s051: setting a signal value to be calibrated of the test equipment, and calculating a corresponding output code value;
s052: determining a subsection interval of an output value, calibrating the output code value by adopting a calibration coefficient of the subsection interval, and writing the calibrated output code value into an output register; wherein the calibration coefficients are calculated by the automatic segmentation algorithm in step S04.
S053: calculating a calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient, and writing the calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient into a calibration register; the default value is the power-on initial value of the test equipment.
S054: and measuring the output signal of the test, namely the output signal after calibration. And simultaneously taking the calibrated output code value and the code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient in the calibration register as input signals, and outputting the calibration signals through a bias and gain calibration circuit. In the invention, the calibration register is written with the default value, which is equivalent to that the calibration register does not play a calibration role, but the set value is calibrated before entering the calibration register.
The invention adopts a software calibration algorithm to calibrate from the upper direction and the lower direction, thereby avoiding that the calibration register can only calibrate in one direction due to the limitation of the word length of the register and further reducing the error of the output signal of the test equipment; the automatic segmentation calibration algorithm adopted by the invention can automatically calculate the most suitable calibration coefficient between the segmentation point and the segmentation interval, and can calibrate in different segmentation intervals, thereby further reducing the error of the output signal of the test equipment in the full-scale range.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the embodiment is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method of calibrating a signal for test equipment, comprising the steps of:
s01: setting a starting value, an ending value and a step length of a test equipment signal; writing a default value in a calibration register of the test equipment;
s02: driving the test equipment to output signals from the initial value, and sequentially increasing the step length until outputting the end value;
s03: recording and storing an actual output signal value corresponding to the test equipment;
s04: inputting the set signal value and the actual output signal value into a segment calibration algorithm module, and solving calibration coefficients of segment points and segment intervals by the segment calibration algorithm module; the method comprises the following steps of calculating calibration coefficients of segment points and segment intervals by adopting an automatic linear calibration segmentation algorithm:
s041: setting the division point as a starting point, shifting the division point by x, and calculating the fitting degree of the division interval between the starting point and the division point; x is an integer greater than 0;
s042: sequentially moving back the segmentation points on the basis of the previous segmentation point until the segmentation points are overlapped with the end points, and respectively calculating the fitting degree of segmentation intervals between the starting point and each segmentation point; wherein, when moving the division point backward each time, moving the last division point backward by x bit;
s043: selecting the division point with the maximum fitting degree as a first segmentation point;
s044: repeating the steps S041-S043 by taking the segmentation point as a starting point to obtain the next segmentation point until the distance between the last segmentation point and the end point is less than x bits, and obtaining all segmentation points;
s045: calculating calibration coefficients of the segmentation intervals among the segmentation points;
s05: and calibrating the output signals of the corresponding subsection intervals according to the calibration coefficients of the subsection intervals.
2. The signal calibration method according to claim 1, wherein in step S045, a least square method is used to calculate the calibration coefficients of the segmentation interval between the segmentation points.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the degree of fitting of the segment interval between the segment points in step S04 is greater than or equal to a degree of fitting threshold.
4. The signal calibration method of claim 1, wherein the initial value of the test device signal in step S01 is the minimum value of the test device signal; the end value of the test device signal is the maximum value of the test device signal.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the step S03 stores the signal values and actual output values set by the testing device as a set of two-dimensional data.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the step S05 specifically includes:
s051: setting a signal value to be calibrated of the test equipment, and calculating a corresponding output code value;
s052: determining a subsection interval of the output value, calibrating the output code value by adopting a calibration coefficient of the subsection interval, and writing the calibrated output code value into an output register;
s053: calculating a calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient, and writing the calibration code value corresponding to the default calibration coefficient into a calibration register;
s054: and measuring the output signal at the moment, namely the output signal after calibration.
7. The signal calibration method of claim 6, wherein the calibrated output code value and a code value corresponding to a default calibration coefficient in the calibration register are simultaneously used as input signals, and the calibration signal is output through the bias and gain calibration circuit.
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| CN112290996A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-29 | 四川天邑康和通信股份有限公司 | Optical attenuator compensation method applied to PON component automatic test system |
| CN112584136B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2023-02-28 | 上海艾为电子技术股份有限公司 | Position calibration module, calibration method, electronic device, calibration apparatus, and storage medium |
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| CN115792769B (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-09-01 | 苏州华兴源创科技股份有限公司 | Signal calibration method and system of semiconductor test equipment and computer equipment |
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