CN111350940A - 一种加氢控制系统及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种加氢控制系统及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN111350940A
CN111350940A CN202010175492.3A CN202010175492A CN111350940A CN 111350940 A CN111350940 A CN 111350940A CN 202010175492 A CN202010175492 A CN 202010175492A CN 111350940 A CN111350940 A CN 111350940A
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hydrogen storage
hydrogen
pressure
storage tank
vehicle
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马国良
高惠民
王新坤
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Jiangsu Anpute Energy Equipment Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种加氢控制系统，包括氢气压缩机；氢气压缩机输入端输入有氢气，氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，氢气压缩机还通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统连接；加氢机与车载瓶连接；站内贮氢系统与加氢机通过第三输气管连接；站内贮氢系统包括并联设置的高、中、低压贮氢罐；高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐均设置有出气阀、进气阀；出气阀均与第三输气管连接，进气阀均与第二输气管连接；PLC控制系统，其适于控制出气阀、进气阀开闭以及氢气压缩机开闭；氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统，站内贮氢系统通过第三输气管与加氢机连接；优化了加氢系统，提高了站内贮氢罐的气体利用率。

Description

一种加氢控制系统及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及加氢站技术领域，具体是一种加氢控制系统。
背景技术
氢燃料电池汽车因其能量转化效率高、无污染、能源来源多样化且可再生成为解决环境污染和能源问题的有效途径，许多国家和地区都将其视为国家能源战略的重要组成部分，相继出台燃料电池汽车的发展和推广计划，组织产学研联合研究，实现大规模的示范运行项目，积极推进燃料电池汽车商业化运行。氢燃料电池汽车需要在专门的加氢站充装氢气，加氢站内充装氢气有2种方式，一是站内贮氢罐直接向车载瓶充氢(快充模式)，二是站内压缩机输出高压氢气向车载瓶充氢(慢充模式)。当站内高压贮氢罐内氢气压低于燃料电池车车载瓶的要求充装气压，此时还有燃料电池车需加氢时，通常控制系统转至慢充模式，启动压缩机给车载瓶充氢。但这样加氢速度较慢，而且在贮氢罐内大约还有50％余气，也未能有效利用；
综上，如何优化加氢成为了本公司研究人员急需解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是：如何优化加氢；
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供如下技术方案：
本发明是一种加氢控制系统，包括氢气压缩机；氢气压缩机输入端输入有氢气，氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，氢气压缩机还通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统连接；加氢机与车载瓶连接；站内贮氢系统与加氢机通过第三输气管连接；站内贮氢系统包括并联设置的高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐；高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐均设置有出气阀、进气阀；出气阀均与第三输气管连接，进气阀均与第二输气管连接；PLC控制系统，其适于控制出气阀、进气阀开闭以及氢气压缩机开闭。
加氢机与车载瓶连接，适于向车载瓶充氢；氢气压缩机有一个输入端、两个输出端，输入端通入有氢气；输出端通过第一、二输气管与加氢机、站内贮氢系统连接；站内贮氢系统通过第三管路与加氢机连接；也就是说，有两种方式向车载瓶充氢，一是通过氢气压缩机，二是通过站内贮氢系统；当站内贮氢系统的压力低于车载瓶的要求充装气压时，可由氢气压缩机向站内贮氢系统充氢；站内贮氢系统连接包括高、中、低压贮氢罐，三者上均设置有出气阀、进气阀；出气阀均与第三输气管连接，进气阀均与第二输气管连接；PLC控制系统适于控制整个系统的运行。
高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐上均设置有气压传感器；气压传感器适于将高、中、低压贮氢罐内气压数值传递给PLC控制系统，便于PLC控制系统控制相应单元的工作。
为了具体说明加氢控制系统的使用方法，本发明采用当高压贮氢罐的氢气低于车载瓶的要求充装气压时，包括下列情形：
①、当加氢机正在与车载瓶连接时，由氢气压缩机通过第一输气管向加氢机充氢；
②、当加氢机未与车载瓶连接时，由氢气压缩机通过第二输气管向站内贮氢系统充氢；
③、当高压贮氢罐气压还未增至车载瓶要求充装气压，此时又有车载瓶需要加氢时，先打开中压贮氢罐的出气阀，经第三输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由高压贮氢罐的出气阀，经第三输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由氢气压缩机经第一输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢；
具体说，当站内高压贮氢罐内氢气压低于燃料电池车车载瓶的要求充装气压时，优化的充装氢气控制按以下方法实现(分3种情况)：
1、正在给车载瓶充装，由PLC控制系统转至慢充氢模式，由氢气压缩机直接给车载瓶补气至要求的充装气压。
2、当没有燃料电池车加氢则由PLC控制系统转至卸氢模式，启动压缩机2分别给站内高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐增压。
3、当站内高压贮氢罐气压还未增至车载瓶要求充装气压，而此时又有燃料电池车需加氢，则不先转至慢充氢模式，而是由PLC控制系统先将站内中压贮氢罐、高压贮氢罐分别直接给车载瓶加氢，最后再由压缩机给车载瓶补气至要求的充装气压；
这样在第3种情况中，比直接先转成慢充模式的优点是1)加快加氢时间，2)提高站内贮氢罐的气体利用率。
本发明的有益效果：本发明是一种加氢控制系统，氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统，站内贮氢系统通过第三输气管与加氢机连接；优化了加氢系统，提高了站内贮氢罐的气体利用率。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明进一步说明。
图1是本发明的结构示意图；
图2是本发明工作流程示意图；
图中：1-站内贮氢系统、2-氢气压缩机、3-加氢机、4-PLC控制系统、5-低压贮氢罐、6-中压贮氢罐、7-高压贮氢罐、8-第一输气管、9-第二输气管、10-第三输气管、11-出气阀、12-进气阀、13-气压传感器。
具体实施方式
现在结合附图对本发明作进一步详细的说明。这些附图均为简化的示意图，仅以示意方式说明本发明的基本结构，因此其仅显示与本发明有关的构成。
实施例1
如图1所示，本发明是一种加氢控制系统，包括氢气压缩机2；氢气压缩机2输入端输入有氢气，氢气压缩机2通过第一输气管8与加氢机3连接，氢气压缩机2还通过第二输气管9与站内贮氢系统1连接；加氢机3与车载瓶连接；站内贮氢系统1与加氢机3通过第三输气管10连接；站内贮氢系统1包括并联设置的高压贮氢罐7、中压贮氢罐6、低压贮氢罐5；高压贮氢罐7、中压贮氢罐6、低压贮氢5罐均设置有出气阀11、进气阀12；出气阀11均与第三输气管10连接，进气阀均与第二输气9管连接；PLC控制系统4，其适于控制出气阀11、进气阀12开闭以及氢气压缩机2开闭。
加氢机与车载瓶连接，适于向车载瓶充氢；氢气压缩机有一个输入端、两个输出端，输入端通入有氢气；输出端通过第一、二输气管与加氢机、站内贮氢系统连接；站内贮氢系统通过第三管路与加氢机连接；也就是说，有两种方式向车载瓶充氢，一是通过氢气压缩机，二是通过站内贮氢系统；当站内贮氢系统的压力低于车载瓶的要求充装气压时，可由氢气压缩机向站内贮氢系统充氢；站内贮氢系统连接包括高、中、低压贮氢罐，三者上均设置有出气阀、进气阀；出气阀均与第三输气管连接，进气阀均与第二输气管连接；PLC控制系统适于控制整个系统的运行。
如图1所示，高压贮氢罐7、中压贮氢罐6、低压贮氢罐5上均设置有气压传感器13；气压传感器适于将高、中、低压贮氢罐内气压数值传递给PLC控制系统，便于PLC控制系统控制相应单元的工作。
如图2所示，为了具体说明加氢控制系统的使用方法，本发明采用当高压贮氢罐7的氢气低于车载瓶的要求充装气压时，包括下列情形：
①、当加氢机3正在与车载瓶连接时，由氢气压缩机2通过第一输气管8向加氢机3充氢；
②、当加氢机3未与车载瓶连接时，由氢气压缩机2通过第二输气管9向站内贮氢系统1充氢；
③、当高压贮氢罐7气压还未增至车载瓶要求充装气压，此时又有车载瓶需要加氢时，先打开中压贮氢罐6的出气阀11，经第三输气管10、加氢机3向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由高压贮氢罐7的出气阀11，经第三输气管10、加氢机3向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由氢气压缩机2经第一输气管、加氢机3向车载瓶充氢；
具体说，当站内高压贮氢罐内氢气压低于燃料电池车车载瓶的要求充装气压时，优化的充装氢气控制按以下方法实现(分3种情况)：
1、正在给车载瓶充装，由PLC控制系统转至慢充氢模式，由氢气压缩机直接给车载瓶补气至要求的充装气压。
2、当没有燃料电池车加氢则由PLC控制系统转至卸氢模式，启动压缩机2分别给站内高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐增压。
3、当站内高压贮氢罐气压还未增至车载瓶要求充装气压，而此时又有燃料电池车需加氢，则不先转至慢充氢模式，而是由PLC控制系统先将站内中压贮氢罐、高压贮氢罐分别直接给车载瓶加氢，最后再由压缩机给车载瓶补气至要求的充装气压；
这样在第3种情况中，比直接先转成慢充模式的优点是1)加快加氢时间，2)提高站内贮氢罐的气体利用率。
实施例2
如图1-2所示，站内低压贮氢罐5容积V1＝5m3,P1＝45MPa,中压贮氢罐6容V2＝5m3,P2＝45MPa,高压贮氢罐7容积V3＝5m3,P3＝45MPa,燃料电池汽车车载瓶容积V0＝0.15m3,初始气压P0＝2MPa，要求充装气压P＝35MPa.
当高压贮氢罐7P3＝35MPa时，利用高压贮氢罐7、中压贮氢罐6内的余气继续充瓶，贮氢罐内气压见表：
Figure BDA0002410685050000061
在该实例设定中压贮氢罐6气压P2＝14MPa时，当再有车载瓶需加氢，PLC控制系统4转至慢充模式。这样在序号13时贮氢罐中氢气利用率可以达60％，在序号1时贮氢罐中氢气利用率约50％，提高10％。而且充氢速度较快。
本发明是一种加氢控制系统，氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统，站内贮氢系统通过第三输气管与加氢机连接；优化了加氢系统，提高了站内贮氢罐的气体利用率。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示，通过上述的说明内容，相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内，进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容，必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种加氢控制系统，其特征在于：包括氢气压缩机；
所述氢气压缩机输入端输入有氢气，所述氢气压缩机通过第一输气管与加氢机连接，所述氢气压缩机还通过第二输气管与站内贮氢系统连接；
所述加氢机与车载瓶连接；
所述站内贮氢系统与所述加氢机通过第三输气管连接；
所述站内贮氢系统包括并联设置的高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐；所述高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐均设置有出气阀、进气阀；
所述出气阀均与所述第三输气管连接，所述进气阀均与所述第二输气管连接；
PLC控制系统，其适于控制所述出气阀、进气阀开闭以及所述氢气压缩机开闭。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种加氢控制系统，其特征在于：所述高压贮氢罐、中压贮氢罐、低压贮氢罐上均设置有气压传感器。
3.一种根据权利要求1所述的加氢控制系统的使用方法，其特征在于：当所述高压贮氢罐的氢气低于车载瓶的要求充装气压时，包括下列情形：
①、当所述加氢机正在与车载瓶连接时，由所述氢气压缩机通过所述第一输气管向所述加氢机充氢；
②、当所述加氢机未与车载瓶连接时，由所述氢气压缩机通过第二输气管向所述站内贮氢系统充氢；
③、当所述高压贮氢罐气压还未增至车载瓶要求充装气压，此时又有车载瓶需要加氢时，先打开所述中压贮氢罐的所述出气阀，经所述第三输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由所述高压贮氢罐的所述出气阀，经所述第三输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢，达到平衡后由所述氢气压缩机经所述第一输气管、加氢机向车载瓶充氢。
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