CN111335928A - Horizontal geological survey arrangement method for deep-buried underground cave depot - Google Patents
Horizontal geological survey arrangement method for deep-buried underground cave depot Download PDFInfo
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- CN111335928A CN111335928A CN202010165241.7A CN202010165241A CN111335928A CN 111335928 A CN111335928 A CN 111335928A CN 202010165241 A CN202010165241 A CN 202010165241A CN 111335928 A CN111335928 A CN 111335928A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D13/00—Large underground chambers; Methods or apparatus for making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
- E21B49/02—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells by mechanically taking samples of the soil
Abstract
The invention discloses a horizontal geological survey arrangement method for a deep-buried underground cave depot, which comprises the following steps: performing ground reconnaissance to form a geological background report of a survey area and a geological reconnaissance implementation scheme; carrying out geophysical prospecting on a ground surface region, carrying out engineering geological zoning, generating an engineering geological zoning map of a detection zone, and enclosing a geophysical abnormal zone; carrying out long-distance horizontal drilling, coring and reserving a sample to carry out an indoor geotechnical test, and analyzing the condition in front of excavation of a cave depot; pre-designing the excavation support of the cave depot; excavating tunnels of the cave depot, and performing in-tunnel advanced geophysical prospecting before excavation; deepening blast holes and detecting to judge the front geological condition; comparing with advanced geophysical prospecting geological data, and dynamically adjusting support design parameters in time; and (3) comprehensively detecting results, constructing a three-dimensional geological model of the underground cavern, and designing and timely modifying the cavern support according to the detected geological condition so as to ensure the excavation safety of the cavern. The method can be used for accurately surveying the geological condition of the underground cave depot, and is short in construction time consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering investigation design and construction, in particular to a horizontal geological investigation arrangement method for a deep-buried underground cave depot.
Background
In recent years, with the demand of economic development and development of China, large-scale deep-buried and ultra-large-span underground projects such as railways, highways, municipal tunnels, underground pipe galleries, water conservancy and hydropower tunnels, underground depots and the like appear in large quantity, the geological conditions are extremely complex, and uncertainty of unfavorable engineering geological problems has great restriction on engineering construction. The conventional earth surface ultra-deep drilling is mainly used in the existing earth surveying method, the surveying method is time-consuming and labor-consuming, the labor intensity is high, only 1 hole is usually arranged in a drilling hole within a range of hundreds of meters, the surveying result is mostly 'one hole observation', and the accuracy is difficult to guarantee. Deep-buried cave depot and long tunnel engineering area are high mountain canyon area usually, and the traffic is inconvenient, and implementation probing is difficult, and the super deep drilling cost is huge, and the time that needs the reconnaissance is also very long moreover, and this has just decided that the drilling interval sets up great. For example, the depth of the holes drilled in the Qinling tunnel of the Ankang railway is 210-603 m, and the distance between the drilled holes is about 2 km; the maximum depth of the holes drilled in a certain hydraulic tunnel project in the north Tianshan is 886m, and the average distance between the drilled holes is 3-5 km. In many deep-buried cave depots and tunnel projects, the drilling depth does not reach the position of the cave body due to the limitation of the expenditure and the equipment capacity. Therefore, the conventional exploration method is invested and has a large amount of expenditure, but the obtained exploration data cannot meet the requirements of tunnel engineering construction, and great geological risks are brought to the construction process.
Therefore, for the geological exploration work of deeply burying the underground cave depot, a method with high exploration efficiency, time saving, labor saving and higher precision is needed. According to the method, a vertical drilling mode in the traditional geological exploration process is changed into horizontal drilling, so that the geological condition in the excavation range of the cave depot can be more accurately explored, compared with the method, the detection time and labor intensity are greatly reduced, and the investment cost is greatly saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a horizontal geological survey arrangement method for a deeply buried underground cavern, which can be used for accurately surveying the geological condition of the underground cavern, is suitable for deeply buried caverns with different stratum lithologies, and has the advantages of short construction time, low labor intensity, high working efficiency, high survey accuracy and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the specific technical scheme of the horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cave depot comprises the following steps:
a horizontal geological survey arrangement method for a deep-buried underground cave depot comprises the following steps:
performing ground reconnaissance to form a geological background report of a survey area and a geological reconnaissance implementation scheme;
carrying out geophysical prospecting on the ground surface area, carrying out engineering geological zoning, generating an engineering geological zoning map of the detection zone, and enclosing a geophysical prospecting abnormal zone;
step three, horizontally drilling in a long distance, taking a core and reserving a sample, performing an indoor geotechnical test, and analyzing the condition of the front excavation of the cave depot;
step four, pre-designing the excavation support of the cave depot;
fifthly, excavating tunnels of the cave depot, and simultaneously performing in-tunnel advanced geophysical prospecting before excavating;
step six, deepening blast hole detection is carried out, and the front geological condition is judged; comparing with advanced geophysical prospecting geological data, and dynamically adjusting support design parameters in time;
and step seven, integrating the detection results, constructing a three-dimensional geological model of the underground cavern, and designing and timely modifying the cavern support according to the detected geological conditions so as to ensure the excavation safety of the cavern.
The horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cave depot has the advantages that:
1) the geological condition of the underground cavern is accurately surveyed by adopting a combined means of 'regional geophysical prospecting + horizontal drilling of long distance at the cavern section + deepening of blast holes at the deep buried section in the cavern + advanced geophysical prospecting', the method is suitable for deep buried caverns with different stratum lithologies, and compared with the traditional single ground surface ultra-deep drilling, the method has the advantages of short construction time consumption, low labor intensity, high working efficiency, high surveying accuracy and the like, and particularly has higher suitability in hard rock areas with the cavern buried depth of more than 100 m;
2) the method solves the technical defects of geological exploration of the existing deep buried cave depot, finds out the stratum geological conditions of the deep buried cave depot, the tunnel portal section and the tunnel body section, provides a basis for design and construction, reduces the geological risk in the construction stage, provides a horizontal geological exploration arrangement structure and a method of the deep buried cave depot, carries out exploration on the deep buried cave depot, finds out geological data of the giant cave room passing through the stratum, and reduces the construction risk;
3) according to the method, the traditional vertical drilling is replaced by the horizontal drilling along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the geological condition of the tunnel of the cave depot can be detected along the axial direction of the cave depot, the condition of one hole of the traditional drilling method is avoided, the geological condition of the tunnel of the cave depot can be detected more accurately, and the geological risk in the construction process is reduced;
4) the invention adopts a comprehensive geological exploration arrangement mode in geophysical prospecting and drilling, earlier stage and construction process, can be mutually contrasted and compared, greatly improves the geological exploration precision, can adopt a reinforcing and supporting scheme in advance for unfavorable geological sections, and avoids blind construction.
5) The working conditions are obviously improved, and the method is mainly carried out in the holes, so that the exploration cost can be greatly reduced, and the investment is saved.
6) The method is simple to implement, has little influence on construction, does not occupy construction cost, can be synchronously carried out with the construction, and improves the working efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a survey longitudinal arrangement of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a horizontal drilling arrangement of an opening section of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the arrangement of deep-buried segments deepening blastholes of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a longitudinal schematic view of the drilling angle of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the comprehensive survey of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the following describes a horizontal geological survey arrangement method of a deep buried underground cavern in accordance with the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, it is shown that the horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cave depot of the present invention is suitable for tunnel survey construction of mountain cave depot and for survey design construction of tunnel engineering of the deep buried cave depot, and during the survey design process of the tunnel of the deep buried underground cave depot, a method for finding out geological conditions and unfavorable geologic bodies by horizontal survey is adopted.
The horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep-buried underground cave depot comprises a comprehensive arrangement method of regional geophysical prospecting, horizontal drilling of a long distance of a cave entrance section, deepening of blast holes and advanced geophysical prospecting of the deep-buried section in the cave, wherein the regional geophysical prospecting is arranged on the ground surface and is carried out before the underground cave depot is constructed; the long-distance horizontal drilling of the cave entrance section is arranged at the tunnel cave entrance, and the horizontal drilling is extended towards the interior of the cave depot and is carried out before the construction of the underground cave depot; deepening blast holes of deep buried sections in the tunnel and advancing geophysical prospecting are carried out in the excavation stage of the cave depot, and advancing geology is horizontally arranged and compared and verified.
Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring geological, structural, seismic and remote sensing data, performing ground reconnaissance, and forming a geological background report of a survey area and a geological reconnaissance implementation scheme.
Carrying out geophysical prospecting of the surface area, and carrying out engineering geological zoning; and generating a geological zoning map of the test area engineering, and enclosing the geophysical prospecting abnormal zone.
Specifically, the regional geophysical prospecting mainly refers to the steps of performing engineering geological zoning on a detected region according to a detection result and a geological background by using methods such as a geoelectromagnetic method, an elastic wave method and a direct current method, determining engineering geological profiles and geological complexity of all zones, and enclosing a geophysical abnormal region and the like.
Step three, adopting a multifunctional horizontal drilling machine to horizontally drill holes on the excavation surface of the cave depot at a long distance at the tunnel portal of the cave depot, and coring and reserving samples to perform indoor geotechnical tests; drawing a digital drilling histogram, synthesizing a geological profile, obtaining rock-soil body parameters and the like, and analyzing geological conditions of 50-500 m or more ahead of the cave depot excavation.
Particularly, the long-distance horizontal drilling of the cave entrance section aims at the characteristics that the geological condition of the cave entrance section of the deep-buried cave depot is complex and geological disasters frequently occur, and long-distance advanced horizontal drilling is arranged on the cave entrance excavation surface to find out the geological condition of the cave depot of the shallow-buried section. The drill holes are arranged in the tunnel excavation outline, and information such as stratum lithology, geological structure, underground water, physical and mechanical parameters and the like can be accurately found along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.
Moreover, according to different geological complexity degrees, 3-5 holes can be arranged in the long-distance horizontal drilling of the hole section, and all drilled holes are required to be cored and reserved; in order to enlarge the detection range, the drilling angle can be adjusted to 3-5 degrees.
And step four, pre-designing the excavation support of the cave depot according to geological data.
And fifthly, excavating tunnels of the cave depot, simultaneously carrying out in-tunnel advanced geophysical prospecting before excavating, and performing advanced geological forecast in a targeted manner to form a comprehensive advanced geological forecast report in the range of 25-120 m in front of the cave depot.
Specifically, the advanced geophysical prospecting mainly aims at the abnormal detection area defined by the earth surface geophysical prospecting circle, and different detection means such as a seismic wave method (TSP, TST, TGP and the like), a transient electromagnetic method, a radar method (surface GRP, in-hole) and the like are combined in an excavated area of an underground cave depot to carry out advanced geological prediction on the inside of the cave.
Sixthly, detecting a deepened blast hole in a deep-buried section in the tunnel by using an air pick and a multifunctional drill jumbo, and judging the geological condition of 5-8 m ahead according to the drilling speed, the color of flushing liquid, particles and the like; and comparing with advanced geophysical prospecting geological data, and dynamically adjusting support design parameters in time.
Specifically, deepening blast holes in deep buried sections in the cave mainly means deepening a certain number of peripheral holes in the cave depot during each cycle of excavation, and exploring the geological condition 5-8 m ahead of the cave depot construction by using the deepened peripheral holes to carry out geological exploration.
And the deepening of blast holes in the deep buried section in the hole is realized by peripheral holes of prolonged blasting drilling, the quantity of the peripheral holes is 10-20% of the quantity of the peripheral holes, and the number of the peripheral holes is not less than 5. And recording drilling parameters and water yield of deepened blast holes, and judging the front geological condition.
And step seven, integrating the detection results of the steps, combining BIM work, constructing an underground cavern three-dimensional geological model, and performing cavern support design and timely support modification according to the detected geological conditions to ensure the safety of cavern excavation.
Specifically, the three-dimensional geological model of the underground cavern is formed by comprehensively analyzing all detection results, so as to guide design and construction and provide basic data for maintenance work in an operation period.
In summary, in the investigation process of the invention, attention should be paid to mutual verification of the data of various methods and various stages to ensure that the site construction can be guided.
The invention relates to a horizontal geological survey arrangement method of a deeply buried underground cave depot, which carries out precise survey on the geological condition of the underground cave depot by adopting a combined means of 'regional geophysical prospecting + horizontal drilling with long distance of a cave entrance section + deepening of a blast hole in a cave + advanced geophysical prospecting', is suitable for deeply buried grottoes with different stratum lithology, and has the advantages of short construction time consumption, low labor intensity, high working efficiency, high survey accuracy and the like compared with the traditional single ground surface ultra-deep drilling, and particularly has higher suitability in hard rock areas with the cave depot buried depth of more than 100 m; the method solves the technical defects of geological exploration of the existing deep buried cave depot, finds out the stratum geological conditions of the deep buried cave depot, the tunnel portal section and the tunnel body section, provides a basis for design and construction, reduces the geological risk in the construction stage, provides a horizontal geological exploration arrangement structure and a method of the deep buried cave depot, carries out exploration on the deep buried cave depot, finds out geological data of the giant cave room passing through the stratum, and reduces the construction risk; according to the method, the traditional vertical drilling is replaced by the horizontal drilling along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the geological condition of the tunnel of the cave depot can be detected along the axial direction of the cave depot, the condition of one hole of the traditional drilling method is avoided, the geological condition of the tunnel of the cave depot can be detected more accurately, and the geological risk in the construction process is reduced; the invention adopts a comprehensive geological exploration arrangement mode in geophysical prospecting and drilling, early stage and construction process, and can be mutually contrasted and compared, thereby greatly improving the geological exploration precision, adopting a reinforcing and supporting scheme in advance for unfavorable geological sections and avoiding blind construction; the working conditions are obviously improved, and the method is mainly carried out in the holes, so that the exploration cost can be greatly reduced, and the investment is saved. The method is simple to implement, has little influence on construction, does not occupy construction cost, can be synchronously carried out with the construction, and improves the working efficiency.
The present invention has been further described with reference to specific embodiments, but it should be understood that the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the spirit and scope of the present invention, and various modifications made to the above-described embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art after reading this specification are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A horizontal geological survey arrangement method for a deep-buried underground cave depot is characterized by comprising the following steps:
performing ground reconnaissance to form a geological background report of a survey area and a geological reconnaissance implementation scheme;
carrying out geophysical prospecting on the ground surface area, carrying out engineering geological zoning, generating an engineering geological zoning map of the detection zone, and enclosing a geophysical prospecting abnormal zone;
step three, horizontally drilling in a long distance, taking a core and reserving a sample, performing an indoor geotechnical test, and analyzing the condition of the front excavation of the cave depot;
step four, pre-designing the excavation support of the cave depot;
fifthly, excavating tunnels of the cave depot, and performing in-tunnel advanced geophysical prospecting before excavating;
step six, deepening blast hole detection is carried out, and the front geological condition is judged; comparing with advanced geophysical prospecting geological data, and dynamically adjusting support design parameters in time;
and step seven, integrating the detection results, constructing a three-dimensional geological model of the underground cavern, and designing and timely modifying the cavern support according to the detected geological conditions so as to ensure the excavation safety of the cavern.
2. The horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cavern as recited in claim 1, characterized in that in the third step, a multifunctional horizontal drilling machine is adopted at the tunnel portal of the cavern to horizontally drill a long distance on the excavation surface of the cavern, and core and sample retention are carried out for indoor geotechnical test; drawing a digital drilling histogram, synthesizing a geological profile, obtaining rock-soil body parameters and the like, and analyzing geological conditions of 50-500 m or more ahead of the cave depot excavation.
3. The horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cavern as recited in claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, a comprehensive advanced geological forecast report within a range of 25-120 m ahead of the cavern is formed by performing advanced geological forecast.
4. The horizontal geological survey arrangement method for the deep buried underground cavern as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the sixth step, the deep buried section in the cavern is subjected to gun hole deepening detection by using an air pick and a multifunctional drill jumbo, and the geological condition in front of 5-8 m is judged according to the drilling speed, the color of flushing liquid, particles and the like.
5. The horizontal geological survey arrangement method of the deep buried underground cavern as recited in claim 4, wherein in the sixth step, deepening blast holes of the deep buried section in the cavern is realized by peripheral holes of extended blasting drill holes, the quantity of the peripheral holes is 10-20% of the quantity of the peripheral holes, and is more than 5 holes; and recording drilling parameters and water yield of deepened blast holes, and judging the front geological condition.
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| CN113779690A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2021-12-10 | 山东大学 | Advanced geological prediction method and system based on while-drilling sensing |
| CN115600308A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-01-13 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司（Cn） | Deep hole arrangement method for complex mountain area deep-buried extra-long tunnel based on structural partition |
| CN115879333A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-03-31 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Method for arranging geological exploration drill holes of linear directional drill |
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