CN111329091A - Production line of straw fiber biological feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Production line of straw fiber biological feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111329091A CN111329091A CN202010168244.6A CN202010168244A CN111329091A CN 111329091 A CN111329091 A CN 111329091A CN 202010168244 A CN202010168244 A CN 202010168244A CN 111329091 A CN111329091 A CN 111329091A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/004—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for treating by application of heat, e.g. by means of potato cookers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23N—MACHINES OR APPARATUS FOR TREATING HARVESTED FRUIT, VEGETABLES OR FLOWER BULBS IN BULK, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; PEELING VEGETABLES OR FRUIT IN BULK; APPARATUS FOR PREPARING ANIMAL FEEDING- STUFFS
- A23N17/00—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs
- A23N17/007—Apparatus specially adapted for preparing animal feeding-stuffs for mixing feeding-stuff components
Abstract
A production line of straw fiber biological feed and a preparation method thereof relate to the technical field of straw feed equipment. The invention solves the problems of poor palatability, low digestion utilization rate and incapability of industrial production caused by insufficient and uneven mixing of straw fibers and a nitrogen source nutrient due to straw softening and straw fiber preparation, and production of high-quality straw biological feed and improvement of market competitiveness by the preparation method of the production line. The invention adopts a PLC full-automatic control system, and has the advantages of ingenious design, stable process, high straw consumption and use capacity, high production efficiency and industrial mass production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of straw feed equipment, in particular to a production line of straw fiber biological feed and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a big agricultural country, crop straws are produced by 6 hundred million or more tons every year, and a great amount of haze is usually caused by burning the corn straws to pollute air every autumn and winter. How to develop and utilize the straw is one of the major issues in the modern agricultural development. Therefore, relevant departments and forces for organizing production, science, research and the like in recent years in China are beneficially explored for many years, and physical, chemical, microbial and other means are adopted for processing, so that the utilization rate of the straws is improved, but in general, the situation is not changed fundamentally, various problems still exist, such as high cost, low cost, high difficulty, difficult technical mastery, inconvenience, even low scientificity, low ecology, small local size and low noise, and the method is not suitable for global industrialized large-scale production and operation, and cannot convert the straws into products and commodities which can be circulated. From the feeding angle of ruminants, the existing straw feed has the defects that the straws are seriously lignified, seriously polluted, large in quality difference and usually hard and punctured mouths, and the ingestion of livestock such as cattle and sheep is influenced or seriously influenced, for example, the dry corn straws after the wax ripening period can only be used for eating the dry leaves of the cattle and sheep, and the stems can not be used for eating the dry leaves; some livestock such as cattle and sheep do not like to eat the feed, and the like have peculiar smell or are not fragrant; the crude protein content is often low, usually only around 7%; is not easy to be digested by cattle, sheep and other livestock, and has low nutritional quality and digestion utilization rate. The conventional palatability and partial nutritional value of the straw are only improved by steam explosion and biotechnology, the wax layer of the outer layer of the straw in the wax ripeness stage is not completely damaged, and the production process is complicated and the cost is increased by a single steam explosion device, so that the straw feed has no market competitiveness. The problems that the outer layer of the straw is damaged by softening and grinding the straw into a fibrous shape, the lignin among straw fiber cells and among all the layers of the cells is melted and cracked, the problem of accurate metering of a nitrogen source nutrient is solved, the problems that the straw is thinned and has very soft texture through a steam explosion technology are solved, and the problems that the palatability is poor, the digestion utilization rate is low and the industrial production cannot be realized due to insufficient and uneven mixing of the straw feed nitrogen source nutrient and a microbial agent are solved. The existing method can not improve the physical structure of the straw fiber, has poor growth and disease-resistant immunity of physiological beneficial microbial flora in livestock such as cattle and sheep, has low palatability and nutritional value of feed for the livestock such as cattle and sheep, and has the problems that the digestibility of ruminant to crop straw feed and the weight gain speed of the livestock such as cattle and sheep are poor, and the feed production cost and the market competitiveness are effectively reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at solving the problems that the existing straw feed can not solve the problem that the digestion of ruminants is influenced by the hardness of straws, in particular to the problems that steam explosion and microbial technology methods are single, the wax layer of the straws cannot be better damaged to produce high-quality fiber feed and the production process is complex and the cost is increased; the prior method can not improve the physical structure of straw fiber, has poor growth and disease-resistant immunity of physiological beneficial microbial flora in livestock such as cattle and sheep, has low palatability and nutritional value of feed for the livestock such as cattle and sheep, has poor digestibility of ruminant to crop straw feed and poor weight gain speed of the livestock such as cattle and sheep, effectively reduces feed production cost and market competitiveness, provides a production line of straw fiber biological feed and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the technical scheme is as follows:
a production line of straw fiber biological feed comprises a straw feeding and conveying device, a straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine, a straw fiber grinding machine, a nitrogen source and nutrient agent metering and mixing device, a drying machine, a straw fiber and nutrient agent steam explosion mixing device and a packing machine, wherein the output end of the straw feeding and conveying device is connected with the straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine, the output end of the straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine is connected with the input end of the straw fiber grinding machine through a flange, the discharge port of the straw fiber grinding machine is communicated with the input end of the straw fiber and nutrient agent steam explosion mixing device, the discharge port of the nitrogen source and nutrient agent metering and mixing device is communicated with the input end of the straw fiber and nutrient agent steam explosion mixing device through a conveying pump, the output end of the drying machine is communicated with the input end of the straw fiber and nutrient agent steam explosion mixing device, the discharge port of the straw fiber and nutrient agent steam explosion mixing device is connected with the input,
the straw feeding and conveying device comprises a straw bundle bale breaking machine, a straw cutting machine, an underground spiral stock bin, an iron remover, a large-inclination-angle belt conveyor and a belt conveyor, wherein the straw bundle bale breaking machine is arranged on the right side of the straw cutting machine;
the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine consists of a straw forced feeding device and a horizontal constant steaming machine with screw-driven feeding, wherein an output port of the straw forced feeding device is connected with an input port of the horizontal constant steaming machine with screw-driven feeding through a flange, an output port of the horizontal constant steaming machine with screw-driven feeding is connected with an input port of a straw fiber grinding machine through a flange,
the straw forced feeding device consists of a feeding port sealing driver, a plunger spiral sealing gasket, a guiding connecting pipe, a feeding plunger spiral propeller, a plunger spiral guiding pipe, a material bin flange, a straw material bin, a feeding spiral device, a driving motor, a flange, a plunger spiral driver, a guide rail and a plunger spiral axial movement driver, wherein the plunger spiral axial movement driver is assembled with the guide rail, the plunger spiral driver is connected with the feeding plunger spiral propeller through the flange, the feeding plunger spiral propeller is arranged in the plunger spiral guiding pipe, a discharging port at the left end of the plunger spiral guiding pipe is connected with a feeding port at the upper part of the guiding connecting pipe through the flange, the guiding connecting pipe is arranged at the left side of the plunger spiral guiding pipe, the feeding port sealing driver is arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the guiding connecting pipe, the plunger spiral sealing gasket is opposite to the discharge port of the plunger spiral material guide pipe and is arranged on the same axis, the straw bin is arranged above the right side of the plunger spiral material guide pipe, the straw bin is connected with the plunger spiral material guide pipe through a bin flange, the feeding screw device is arranged in the center of the straw bin, the upper end of the feeding screw device is provided with a driving motor,
the horizontal constant steamer with the spiral driving feeding function comprises a constant steamer driving motor, a speed reducer, a constant steamer discharging outlet, a horizontal constant steamer shell, a steam heating pipe inlet, a constant steamer spiral propeller and a feeding hole, wherein the feeding hole is formed in the right side of the horizontal constant steamer shell, the feeding hole is connected with the lower end of a guide connecting pipe of a straw forced feeding device through a flange, the constant steamer driving motor is connected with the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the left end of the constant steamer spiral propeller, the steam heating pipe inlet is uniformly formed in the periphery of the horizontal constant steamer shell, the constant steamer spiral propeller is arranged in the horizontal constant steamer shell, a constant steamer discharging outlet is formed in the lower left of the horizontal constant steamer shell, and the constant steamer discharging outlet is connected with an input port of a straw fiber grinding machine through a flange;
the straw fiber grinding machine comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer, a feeding screw propeller, a grinding disc gap adjusting driver, a cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, a straw feeding port, a screw feeding propeller shell, a grinding chamber, a fixed grinding disc fan-shaped grinding rack, a rotary grinding disc, a steam pipe inlet, a straw fiber discharging port and a driving motor, wherein the upper end of the straw feeding port is connected with a constant steamer discharging outlet with a screw driving feeding horizontal constant steamer through a flange, the lower end of the straw feeding port is communicated with a cavity of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster through the screw feeding propeller shell and the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the driving motor is connected with the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the left end of the feeding screw propeller, and the feeding screw propeller is arranged in the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the spiral feeding propeller shell is sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the left end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster is connected with a grinding disc gap adjustment driver, the right end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster is connected with a fixed grinding disc in a grinding chamber, the right end of the spiral feeding propeller shell is connected with the grinding chamber through a flange, the fixed grinding disc and a rotary grinding disc are arranged in the grinding chamber, a fixed disc sector grinding rack is fixed on the right side surface of the fixed grinding disc through a bolt, the rotary grinding disc sector grinding rack is fixed on the left side surface of the rotary grinding disc through a bolt, a steam pipe inlet is arranged at the center of the grinding chamber, a straw fiber discharge port is arranged at the center of the lower part of the grinding chamber, and the output end of a driving motor is;
the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device consists of a meter and a mixing stirrer, the output end of the meter is connected with the input end of the mixing stirrer,
the metering device consists of a storage bin, a storage bin discharge valve, a metering bin discharge valve, weighing sensors, a material level detection sensor, a metering scale discharge port, a nitrogen source and a nutrient conveyor, wherein the storage bin discharge valve is arranged at the lower end of the storage bin, the metering bin is arranged below the storage bin discharge valve, four weighing sensors are symmetrically arranged at the upper end of the metering scale in the middle outside the metering bin, the metering bin discharge valve is arranged at the lower end of the metering bin, the metering scale is arranged below the metering bin discharge valve, the metering scale discharge port is arranged at the center of the lower end of the metering scale, the material level detection sensor is arranged at the upper part of the outer side surface of the metering bin, the nitrogen source and the nutrient conveyor are arranged below the metering scale discharge,
the mixing stirrer consists of a delivery pump, a nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe, a mixing stirring barrel, a stirrer and a stirrer driving motor, wherein the delivery pump, the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe are all arranged on the right side of the mixing stirring barrel, the input end of the delivery pump is connected with the output ends of the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe, the input ends of the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe are communicated with the cavity of the mixing stirring tank, the stirrer is arranged in the cavity of the mixing stirring barrel, and the stirrer driving motor is arranged at the upper end of the stirrer;
the straw feed steam explosion mixing device comprises a straw fiber feed discharge port, a spiral stirring conveyor, a steam explosion tank shell, a gas discharge port, a drying pipe inlet, a steam explosion tank cavity, a straw fiber feed scattering mixer, a steam discharge port, a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe, a first flange, a second flange, an air cooling pipe inlet, a microbial agent spraying port and a spiral stirrer driving motor, wherein the straw fiber feed discharge port is arranged on the left side below the steam explosion tank shell, the spiral stirring conveyor is arranged below the steam explosion tank cavity, the right end of the spiral stirring conveyor is connected with the output end of the spiral stirrer driving motor, the straw fiber feed scattering mixer is arranged on the upper part in the steam explosion tank cavity, the straw fiber steam explosion nitrogen source and the nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe are of a Y-shaped structure, the output end of the straw fiber steam explosion and the nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe is arranged above the straw fiber feed scattering mixer in the steam explosion tank cavity, two input ports of a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe are arranged on the right outer side of a steam explosion tank shell, a steam discharge port is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the steam explosion tank shell, a microbial agent injection port is arranged on the lower part of the right side of the steam explosion tank shell, an air cooling pipe inlet is arranged on the steam explosion tank shell above the microbial agent injection port, two drying pipe inlets are symmetrically arranged on the middle lower part of the steam explosion tank shell, a gas discharge port is arranged on the middle lower part of the left steam explosion tank shell, a first flange is arranged in the middle of the steam explosion tank shell, a second flange is arranged on the lower part of the steam explosion tank shell,
the straw fiber feed scattering mixer is composed of a motor, a chain wheel, scattering needles and a rotating shaft, wherein the chain wheel is arranged at the left end of the rotating shaft, the chain is assembled with the chain wheel, the chain wheel is connected with the output end of the motor, and the scattering needles are vertically arranged on the circumference of the rotating shaft.
A preparation method of straw fiber biological feed comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting straws into sections of 50-150 mm, and conveying the cut straws into a storage bin of a straw spiral-driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine by adopting the straw feeding and conveying device;
step two, injecting steam of 120-240 ℃ into the horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine which are driven by the straw screw to feed by adopting the horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine which are driven by the straw screw, wherein the steam pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, softening and grinding the straw sections for 2-5 minutes, and grinding the straw sections to prepare straw fibers of 5-100 mm;
step three, adopting the steam explosion mixing device of the invention for the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent softened and ground in the step two, wherein the straw fiber accounts for 65-85% of the total mass of the feed, the nitrogen source accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the feed, and the nutritional agent accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the feed, performing steam explosion, mixing and scattering on the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent in the steam explosion mixing device, injecting 120-300 ℃ gas into the steam explosion mixing device, pre-drying the mixed straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent, controlling the water content to be in the range of 40-65%, and cooling the gas in the steam explosion mixing device to 30-65 ℃;
and step four, spraying a microbial agent into the steam explosion mixing device in the step three, wherein the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5-6% of the total mass, and mixing to prepare the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 37-68%.
The production line of the straw fiber biological feed realizes industrial continuous batch processing production, the daily treatment capacity of each production line is 200-400 tons of crop straws, the problems of the straw feed quality and industrial scale production are solved, the straw fibers after being softened and ground by the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine are softened and ground, lignin which originally and uniformly exists among coarse feed fiber cells and among cell layers is melted, when the straw fibers and a nutrient steam explosion mixing device are sprayed and discharged at normal temperature and normal pressure, the softened and cracked lignin is opened under the action of severe spraying and discharging friction force and spraying and expanding force, a compact structure is opened, the exposure of the fibers and semi-fibers and the lignin are redistributed to be raised, thinned and tend to be fibrous, the density is reduced, the volume is reduced, the total surface area is enlarged, the straw fiber biological feed is soft in texture, forms high-quality straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 37% -68%, is soft in texture, has special aromatic smell and rich nutrition, improves the utilization rate of straw coarse feed, can make livestock such as cattle and sheep like to eat more, can reduce the consumption of concentrated feed, reduces the feed cost, can accelerate the weight increasing speed of livestock such as cattle and sheep, improves the yield of livestock such as cattle and sheep, increases the benefit, can be directly fed, and can also be fermented and stored for winter feed of livestock such as cattle and sheep. The agricultural waste straw is used as a main raw material, so that the problem of high feed cost caused by the fact that alfalfa and pasture are used as main sources for coarse feed sources of cattle and sheep and the like is solved, the problem of increased grain demand of cattle and sheep and the like due to the fact that the demand of people for cattle and sheep and other livestock is increased is solved, the agricultural waste straw is fully utilized as the main raw material, waste is changed into valuable, recycling economy is achieved, and the problem of haze caused by burning of straw in autumn harvest and spring in part of regions is solved. The production line of the straw fiber biological feed can convert all stems and leaves of the straws into the straw fiber biological feed, has the characteristic of 100 percent of straw conversion rate, can use 20 percent of the total amount of the straws in China as livestock and poultry coarse feed, and can save 1 hundred million tons of grains every year. The automatic straw feeding machine is also fully automatically controlled by adopting a PLC, and has the advantages of ingenious design, complete functions, stable process, high straw consumption and utilization capacity and high production efficiency; the preparation method comprises melting lignin uniformly existing between fiber cells and between cell layers of coarse fodder, so as to open compact structure; the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent can quickly decompose and convert the nitrogen source into the nitrogen source which is harmless to livestock such as cattle and sheep under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure and after steam explosion, the nutritional agent and the straw fiber can be obviously mixed after steam explosion, so that the protein content and the nutritional ingredients of the straw feed are obviously increased, the utilization rate of the straw coarse feed is improved, the livestock such as cattle and sheep are favored to eat more, the consumption of concentrated feed can be reduced, the production cost of the feed is reduced, the weight increasing speed of the cattle and sheep can be accelerated, and the yield is improved; when the steam explosion mixing device is sprayed at normal temperature and normal pressure, the softened and cracked lignin is under the action of severe spraying discharge friction force and spraying expansion force, the compact structure is opened, the exposure of fibers and semi-fibers and the redistribution of the lignin are raised, thinned and tend to be fibrous, the density is reduced, the total surface area is enlarged, the texture is soft, and the physical structure of the straw is improved; the microbial flora can degrade complex macromolecular substances such as protein, cellulose, pectin, various organic acids, starch and the like which are difficult to decompose and utilize by livestock such as cattle and sheep in the straws into small molecular substances easy to digest and absorb by the livestock such as the cattle and the sheep and form a large amount of mycoprotein, the generated various bioactive substances can promote the growth of physiologically beneficial microbial flora in the livestock such as the cattle and the sheep, inhibit the growth of harmful flora, reduce the livestock epidemic diseases of the cattle and the sheep, reduce the morbidity, increase the disease-resistant immunity of the livestock, improve the function of decomposing cellulose substances by the rumen of ruminants, improve the palatability and the nutritive value of the feed of the livestock such as the cattle and the sheep, improve the digestion and absorption of the ruminant to crop straw feed, effectively reduce the production cost of the feed and improve the market competitiveness.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a straw feeding and conveying device in fig. 1, fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a straw screw-driven feeding horizontal type constant steaming machine in fig. 1, fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a straw fiber grinding machine in fig. 1, fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a nitrogen source nutrient metering and mixing device in fig. 1, fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a dryer in fig. 1, fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device, fig. 8 is a view a in fig. 7, fig. 9 is a sectional view of a-a in fig. 7, fig. 10 is a sectional view of B-B in fig. 7, and fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a baler in fig..
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a production line for straw fiber biological feed comprises a straw feeding and conveying device 1, a straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine 2, a straw fiber grinding machine 3, a nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device 4, a dryer 5, a straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device 6 and a packer 7, wherein an output end of the straw feeding and conveying device 1 is connected with the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine 2, an output end of the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine 2 is connected with an input end of the straw fiber grinding machine 3 through a flange, a discharge port of the straw fiber grinding machine 3 is communicated with an input end of the nutrient steam explosion mixing device 6, a discharge port of the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device 4 is communicated with an input end of the nutrient steam explosion mixing device 6 through a conveying pump and straw fibers, an output end of the dryer 5 is communicated with an input end of the straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device 6, the discharge port of the straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device 6 is connected with the input end of a packing machine 7 through a conveyor,
the straw feeding and conveying device 1 consists of a straw bundle bale breaking machine 1-1, a straw cutting machine 1-2, an underground spiral stock bin 1-3, an iron remover 1-4, a large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 1-5 and a belt conveyor 1-6, wherein the straw bundle bale breaking machine 1-1 is arranged on the right side of the straw cutting machine 1-2, the straw cutting machine 1-2 is arranged on the right side of the underground spiral stock bin 1-3, the large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 1-5 is arranged on the lower portion and the upper left portion of the underground spiral stock bin 1-3, the iron remover 1-4 is arranged on the middle upper portion of an inclined section of the large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 1-5, and the belt conveyor 1-6 is arranged on the left side of the large-inclination-angle belt conveyor 1-5;
the straw spiral-driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine 2 consists of a straw forced feeding device 2-1 and a horizontal constant steaming machine 2-2 with spiral-driving feeding, wherein an output port of the straw forced feeding device 2-1 is connected with an input port of the horizontal constant steaming machine 2-2 with spiral-driving feeding through a flange, an output port of the horizontal constant steaming machine 2 with spiral-driving feeding is connected with an input port of a straw fiber grinding machine 3 through a flange,
the straw forced feeding device 2-1 consists of a feeding port sealing driver 2-1-1, a plunger spiral sealing gasket 2-1-2, a guide connecting pipe 2-1-3, a feeding plunger spiral propeller 2-1-4, a plunger spiral guide pipe 2-1-5, a bin flange 2-1-6, a straw bin 2-1-7, a feeding spiral device 2-1-8, a driving motor 2-1-9, a flange 2-1-10, a plunger spiral driver 2-1-11, a guide rail 2-1-12 and a plunger spiral axial moving driver 2-1-13, wherein the plunger spiral axial moving driver 2-1-13 is assembled with the guide rail 2-1-12, the plunger screw driver 2-1-11 is assembled with the guide rail 2-1-12, the plunger screw driver 2-1-11 is connected with the feeding plunger screw propeller 2-1-4 through a flange 2-1-10, the feeding plunger screw propeller 2-1-4 is arranged in the plunger screw material guiding pipe 2-1-5, a discharging port at the left end of the plunger screw material guiding pipe 2-1-5 is connected with a feeding port at the upper part of a material guiding connecting pipe 2-1-3 through a flange, the material guiding connecting pipe 2-1-3 is arranged at the left side of the plunger screw material guiding pipe 2-1-5, a feeding port sealing driver 2-1-1 is arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the material guiding connecting pipe 2-1-3, the output end of the feeding port sealing driver 2-1-1 is connected with a plunger screw sealing gasket 2-1-, the plunger spiral sealing gasket 2-1-2 is opposite to the discharge hole of the plunger spiral material guide pipe 2-1-5 and is arranged on the same axis, the straw bin 2-1-7 is arranged above the right side of the plunger spiral material guide pipe 2-1-5, the straw bin 2-1-7 is connected with the plunger spiral material guide pipe 2-1-5 through a bin flange 2-1-6, a feeding spiral device 2-1-8 is arranged at the center in the straw bin 2-1-7, a driving motor 2-1-9 is arranged at the upper end of the feeding spiral device 2-1-8,
the horizontal constant steamer 2-2 with the spiral driving feeding function comprises a constant steamer driving motor 2-2-1, a speed reducer 2-2-2, a constant steamer discharging outlet 2-2-3, a horizontal constant steamer shell 2-2-4, a steam heating pipe inlet 2-2-5, a constant steamer spiral propeller 2-2-6 and a feeding hole 2-2-7, wherein the feeding hole 2-2-7 is formed in the right side of the horizontal constant steamer shell 2-2-4, the feeding hole 2-2-7 is connected with the lower end of a guide connecting pipe 2-1-3 of the straw forced feeding device 2-1 through a flange, the constant steamer driving motor 2-2-1 is connected with the speed reducer 2-2-2, and the output end of the speed reducer 2-2-2 is connected with the left side of the constant steamer spiral propeller 2-2-6 The ends are connected, the inlets 2-2-5 of the steam heating pipes are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the horizontal constant steamer shell 2-2-4, the spiral propellers 2-2-6 of the constant steamer are arranged in the horizontal constant steamer shell 2-2-4, the discharge outlet 2-2-3 of the constant steamer is arranged at the lower left of the horizontal constant steamer shell 2-2-4, and the discharge outlet 2-2-3 of the constant steamer is connected with the input port of the straw fiber grinding machine 3 through a flange;
the straw fiber grinding machine 3 consists of a driving motor 3-1, a speed reducer 3-2, a feeding screw propeller 3-3, a grinding disc gap adjusting driver 3-4, a cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5, a straw feeding port 3-6, a screw feeding propeller shell 3-7, a grinding chamber 3-8, a fixed grinding disc 3-9, a fixed grinding disc sector grinding rack 3-10, a rotary grinding disc sector grinding rack 3-11, a rotary grinding disc 3-12, a steam pipe inlet 3-13, a straw fiber discharging port 3-14 and a driving motor 3-15, wherein the upper end of the straw feeding port 3-6 is connected with a discharging outlet 2-2-3 of a constant steamer with a screw driving feeding horizontal constant steamer 2-2 through a flange, the lower end of a straw feed inlet 3-6 is communicated with the cavity of a cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5 through a spiral feed propeller shell 3-7 and a cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5, a driving motor 3-1 is connected with a speed reducer 3-2, the output end of the speed reducer 3-2 is connected with the left end of a feed spiral propeller 3-3, the feed spiral propeller 3-3 is arranged in the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5, the spiral feed propeller shell 3-7 is sleeved outside the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5, the left end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5 is connected with a grinding disc gap adjusting driver 3-4, the right end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5 is connected with a fixed grinding disc 3-9 in a grinding chamber 3-8, the right end of a shell 3-7 of a spiral feeding propeller is connected with a grinding chamber 3-8 through a flange, a fixed grinding disc 3-9 and a rotary grinding disc 3-12 are arranged in the grinding chamber 3-8, a fixed disc sector grinding rack 3-10 is fixed on the right side surface of the fixed grinding disc 3-9 through a bolt, a rotary grinding disc sector grinding rack 3-11 is fixed on the left side surface of the rotary grinding disc 3-12 through a bolt, a steam pipe inlet 3-13 is arranged at the center of the grinding chamber 3-8, a straw fiber discharge port 3-14 is arranged at the center of the lower part of the grinding chamber 3-8, and the output end of a driving motor 3-15 is connected with the rotary grinding disc 3-12;
the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device 4 consists of a meter 4-1 and a mixing stirrer 4-2, wherein the output end of the meter 4-1 is connected with the input end of the mixing stirrer 4-2;
the metering device 4-1 consists of a storage bin 4-1-1, a storage bin discharge valve 4-1-2, a metering bin 4-1-3, a metering bin discharge valve 4-1-4, a weighing sensor 4-1-5, a material level detection sensor 4-1-6, a metering scale 4-1-7, a metering scale discharge port 4-1-8 and a nitrogen source and nutrient conveyer 4-1-9, wherein the lower end of the storage bin 4-1-1 is provided with the storage bin discharge valve 4-1-2, the metering bin 4-1-3 is arranged below the storage bin discharge valve 4-1-2, the upper end of the metering scale 4-1-7 in the middle part outside the metering bin 4-1-3 is symmetrically provided with four weighing sensors 4-1-5, a metering bin discharge valve 4-1-4 is arranged at the lower end of the metering bin 4-1-3, a metering scale 4-1-7 is arranged below the metering bin discharge valve 4-1-4, a metering scale discharge port 4-1-8 is arranged at the center of the lower end of the metering scale 4-1-7, a material level detection sensor 4-1-6 is arranged at the upper part of the outer side surface of the metering bin 4-1-3, and a nitrogen source and nutrient conveyor 4-1-9 is arranged below the metering scale discharge port 4-1-8;
the mixing stirrer 4-2 consists of a delivery pump 4-2-1, a nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe 4-2-2, a mixing stirring barrel 4-2-3, a stirrer 4-2-4 and a stirrer driving motor 4-2-5, wherein the delivery pump 4-2-1, the nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe 4-2-2 are all arranged on the right side of the mixing stirring barrel 4-2-3, the input end of the delivery pump 4-2-1 is connected with the output end of the nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe 4-2-2, the input end of the nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe 4-2-2 is communicated with the cavity of the mixing stirring barrel 4-2-3, the stirrer 4-2-4 is arranged in the cavity of the mixing stirring barrel 4-2-3, the stirrer driving motor 4-2-5 is arranged at the upper end of the stirrer 4-2-4;
the dryer 5 is a hot air type airflow dryer or a hot air furnace dryer;
the straw feed steam explosion mixing device 6 consists of a straw fiber feed discharge port 6-1, a spiral stirring conveyor 6-2, a steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a gas discharge port 6-4, a drying pipe inlet 6-5, a steam explosion tank cavity 6-6, a straw fiber feed scattering mixer 6-7, a steam discharge port 6-8, a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 6-9, a first flange 6-10-1, a second flange 6-10-2, an air cooling pipe inlet 6-11, a microbial agent injection port 6-12 and a spiral stirrer driving motor 6-13, wherein the straw fiber feed discharge port 6-1 is arranged on the left side below the steam explosion tank shell 6-3, the spiral stirring conveyor 6-2 is arranged below the steam explosion tank cavity 6-6, the right end of a spiral stirring conveyor 6-2 is connected with the output end of a spiral stirrer driving motor 6-13, a straw fiber feed scattering mixer 6-7 is arranged at the upper part in a steam explosion tank cavity 6-6, a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 6-9 is in a Y-shaped structure, the output end of the straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 6-9 is arranged above the straw fiber feed scattering mixer 6-7 in the steam explosion tank cavity 6-6, two input ports of the straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 6-9 are arranged at the right outer side of a steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a steam discharge port 6-8 is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a microbial agent injection port 6-12 is arranged at the lower part of the right side of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3, an air cooling pipe inlet 6-11 is arranged on a steam explosion tank shell 6-3 above a microbial agent spraying port 6-12, two drying pipe inlets 6-5 are symmetrically arranged at the middle lower part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a gas discharge port 6-4 is arranged at the middle lower part of the left steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a first flange 6-10-1 is arranged at the middle part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3, a second flange 6-10-2 is arranged at the lower part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3,
the straw fiber feed scattering mixer 6-7 consists of a motor 6-7-1, a chain 6-7-2, a chain wheel 6-7-3, scattering needles 6-7-4 and a rotating shaft 6-7-5, wherein the chain wheel 6-7-3 is arranged at the left end of the rotating shaft 6-7-5, the chain 6-7-2 is assembled with the chain wheel 6-7-3, the chain wheel 6-7-3 is connected with the output end of the motor 6-7-1, and the scattering needles 6-7-4 are vertically arranged on the circumference of the rotating shaft 6-7-5;
and the packer 7 selects silage to bundle and envelope the integrated machine.
Second embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4. The left side of the feeding hole formed in the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster 3-5 in the embodiment is larger than the feeding hole in the shell 3-7 of the spiral feeding propeller, so that feeding is not influenced when the gap of the grinding disc is adjusted.
Third embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4. The actuators of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjusters 3 to 5 according to the present embodiment are driven by hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, lever mechanism or screw.
Fourth embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4. The gap adjusting driver 3-4 of the grinding disc in the embodiment adopts hydraulic driving, pneumatic driving, lever mechanism driving or screw driving.
Fifth, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 3. The plunger spiral sealing gasket 2-1-2 in the embodiment is composed of a metal framework and a sealing material, wherein the sealing material is fluorine rubber, modified tetrafluoro, polytetrafluoroethylene, natural rubber or silicon rubber.
Sixth embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, 3, and 4. The inlet 2-2-5 of the steam heating pipe is communicated with the steam heating pipe.
Seventh embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, 3, and 4. Inlets 2-3-13 of the steam heating pipes are communicated with the steam heating pipes.
The eighth embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 4. The gap adjustment driver 3-4 of the grinding disc drives the gap adjuster 3-5 of the cylindrical grinding disc to drive the fixed grinding disc 3-9 to move along the axial direction, and adjusts the gap between the fan-shaped grinding rack 3-10 of the fixed grinding disc on the fixed grinding disc 3-9 and the fan-shaped grinding rack 3-11 of the rotary grinding disc, so as to adjust the length of the straw fiber.
The specific implementation method nine: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The discharge port of the discharge valve 4-1-4 of the metering bin and the discharge port 4-1-8 of the metering scale are on the same axis.
The detailed implementation mode is ten: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The meter 4-1 according to the present embodiment is composed of one or more sets of meters.
The concrete implementation mode eleven: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The input port of the nitrogen source and nutrient conveyor 4-1-9 is connected with the discharge port 4-1-8 of the metering scale, and the output port of the nitrogen source and nutrient conveyor 4-1-9 is connected with the mixing and stirring barrel 4-2-3 of the mixing and stirring device 4-2.
The specific implementation mode twelve: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The stirrer 4-2-4 according to the present embodiment is a propeller stirrer, a turbine stirrer, a paddle stirrer, or a ribbon stirrer.
The specific implementation mode is thirteen: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The nitrogen source and nutrient conveyor 4-1-9 in the embodiment is selected from pipeline conveying, conveyer belt conveying or hose conveying.
Fourteenth embodiment, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The weighing sensors 4-1-5 described in the present embodiment are connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a driver.
The concrete implementation mode is fifteen: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The weighing sensors 4-1-5 described in this embodiment are resistance strain type and differential transformer type sensors, capacitance type and differential transformer type sensors, piezomagnetic type sensors, piezoelectric type sensors, vibration frequency type sensors, or gyro type sensors.
The specific implementation mode is sixteen: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The material level detection sensor 4-1-6 in the embodiment adopts a rotation resistance type material level sensor, a capacitance type material level sensor or an ultrasonic material level sensor.
Seventeenth embodiment: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 5. The delivery pump 4-2-1 in the embodiment is a single-cylinder plunger pump, a double-cylinder plunger pump, a vertical centrifugal pump or a horizontal centrifugal pump.
Eighteen, this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 3. The actuator described in this embodiment is driven by hydraulic, pneumatic, lever mechanism or screw drive.
The detailed embodiment is nineteen: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, 7, and 8. Five groups of chain wheels 6-7-3 are arranged in a trapezoidal structure, two groups are arranged at the upper part in parallel, the other three groups are arranged at the lower part in parallel, and a chain 6-7-2 is assembled on the five groups of chain wheels 6-7-3.
The specific implementation mode twenty: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1, 7, and 9. The straw fiber feed scattering mixer 6-7-4 is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, two groups are arranged on the upper portion in parallel, the other three groups are arranged on the lower portion in parallel, and the length of a scattering needle is 50-200 mm.
The specific implementation mode is twenty one: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The length of the lower part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3 in the horizontal direction is greater than the length of the upper part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3 in the horizontal direction, and is also greater than the length of the middle part of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3 in the horizontal direction.
Specific embodiment twenty-two: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The gas discharge port 6-4 described in this embodiment is located on the right side of the drying duct inlet 6-5, and the gas discharge direction of the gas discharge port 6-4 is upward.
Specific embodiment twenty-three: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The central line of the drying pipe inlet 6-5 and the outside of the steam explosion tank shell 6-3 form an inclination angle of 10-45 degrees, and the drying pipe inlet 6-5 is communicated with a dryer through a connecting pipe.
Twenty-four specific embodiments: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The inlets 6-15 of the air cooling pipes in the embodiment are communicated with the air blower through connecting pipes, and the input end of the air blower is communicated with the air.
The specific implementation mode is twenty five: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The microbial agent spraying ports 6-18 are communicated with a delivery pump through delivery pipes, and the input end of the delivery pump is communicated with a bacteria tank.
The specific implementation mode is twenty-six: this embodiment is described in conjunction with fig. 1. The straw fiber steam explosion input port 6-9-1 and the nitrogen source nutrient input port 6-9-2 of the straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 6-9 are respectively communicated with the straw fiber discharge port 3-14 of the straw fiber grinding machine 3 and the conveying pump 4-2-1 of the mixing stirrer 4-2, and the input end of the conveying pump is communicated with the mixing stirring barrel 4-2-3.
The specific implementation mode is twenty-seven: this embodiment is described in conjunction with fig. 1. The steam explosion discharge port at the output end of the straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe 9 in the embodiment faces downwards and is on the same axis with the steam discharge port 8.
The specific implementation mode is twenty-eight: this embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1 and 7. The parts connected through the flanges in the embodiment can be detached, and the installation is convenient.
The specific implementation mode is twenty-nine: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 11. The production line production equipment of the embodiment is fixed on the production line bracket.
The specific implementation mode is thirty: the method for producing the straw fiber biological feed comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting straws into sections of 50-150 mm, and conveying the cut straws into a storage bin of a straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine 2 by adopting the straw feeding and conveying device 1;
step two, injecting steam at 120-240 ℃ into the horizontal constant steaming machine 2 and the straw fiber grinding machine 3 driven by the straw screw, softening and grinding the straw sections for 2-5 minutes by using the steam pressure of 0.5-2 MPa, and grinding the straw sections into straw fibers with the diameter of 5-100 mm;
step three, adopting the steam explosion mixing device 6 of the invention to the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent softened and ground in the step two, wherein the straw fiber accounts for 65-85% of the total mass of the feed, the nitrogen source accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the feed, and the nutritional agent accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the feed, performing steam explosion, mixing and scattering on the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent in the steam explosion mixing device, injecting 120-300 ℃ gas into the steam explosion mixing device 6, pre-drying the mixed straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent, controlling the water content to be in the range of 40-65%, and cooling the gas in the steam explosion mixing device 6 to 30-65 ℃;
and step four, spraying a microbial agent into the steam explosion mixing device 6 in the step three, wherein the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5-6% of the total mass, and mixing to prepare the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 37-68%.
The specific implementation mode is thirty-one: the straws in the first step of the embodiment are cut into 100mm sections; injecting steam at 200 ℃ into the straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine, softening and grinding the straw sections at the steam pressure of 1 MPa for 3 minutes, and grinding the straw sections to prepare straw fibers with the diameter of 50 mm; in the third step, the straw fiber accounts for 75 percent of the total mass of the feed, the nitrogen source accounts for 8 percent of the total mass of the feed, and the nutrient accounts for 17 percent of the total mass of the feed, 200 ℃ gas is injected into a steam explosion mixing device, the mixed straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutrient are pre-dried, the water content is controlled within 55 percent, and the gas in the steam explosion mixing device is cooled to 45 ℃; and in the fourth step, the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 5 percent of the total mass, and the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 60 percent is prepared after mixing.
The specific implementation mode is thirty-two: the microbial agent of the embodiment comprises a mixture of lactic acid bacteria, yeast, lactobacillus acidophilus, pediococcus acidilactici, cellucomonas sobolifera, lactobacillus buchneri, lactobacillus plantarum and pediococcus acidilactici, and water, wherein the mass of each microorganism averagely accounts for 3.75% of the total mass of the microbial agent, and the balance is water.
The specific implementation mode is thirty-three: the straw in the embodiment is selected from one or a combination of corn straw, rice straw, soybean straw and high-grain straw.
The above embodiments are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the present invention, and it should be understood that various other equivalent changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the teachings of the present invention.
The working principle is as follows:
straw raw materials are conveyed into a storage bin of a straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine through a straw feeding conveying device, a screw device in the straw storage bin forcibly conveys straw sections into a plunger spiral guide pipe cavity, the screw device is adopted to forcibly convey the straws so as to avoid bridging and plugging phenomena in the conveying process of the straws, a feeding plunger spiral propeller in the plunger spiral guide pipe cavity continuously conveys the straw sections into a horizontal constant steaming machine with spiral driving feeding, the horizontal constant steaming machine with spiral driving feeding continuously carries out high-temperature constant steaming on the straw raw materials and inactivates various pathogenic bacteria carried by the straws, the high-temperature constant steaming straw raw materials are continuously conveyed to a straw fiber grinding machine to be ground, the straw is ground and kneaded into fiber, the softened and ground straw is fiber, and a wax layer and a lignin structure in the straw can be damaged, lignin among straw fiber cells and among all the layers of the cells is melted and cracked, the straw fibers become soft, the lignin is reduced, coarse fibers are increased, and poor palatability and digestion utilization rate of cattle, sheep and other livestock are improved; the discharge port of the straw fiber grinder discharges wet straw fibers to a steam explosion mixing device of straw feed for steam explosion and mixing through a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient delivery pipe; the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device meters, mixes and stirs the nitrogen source and nutrient, and then sends the nitrogen source and nutrient into the steam explosion mixing device of the straw feed through the delivery pump for steam explosion and mixing, and then stirs, mixes and breaks up the wet straw fiber and nitrogen source nutrient again through the five groups of straw fiber feed breaking up mixer; hot air of more than 180 degrees is upwards inclined along an inclination angle of 20-45 degrees by drying pipe inlets on two sides of the middle lower part of a steam explosion tank shell, wet straw fiber feed falling from a mixer is scattered by the straw fiber feed and is pre-dried, the water content is controlled to be 30% -65%, normal-temperature air is sent into a steam explosion tank cavity by an air blower through an air cooling pipe inlet, the falling wet straw fiber feed is cooled, microorganism inoculation is facilitated, and the cooled hot air is discharged through a gas discharge port; the microbial agent is sprayed onto fallen wet straw fiber feed through the microbial agent spraying opening, the wet straw fiber feed and the microbial agent are mixed and stirred by the spiral stirring conveyor at the lower end of the straw feed steam explosion mixing device to prepare the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 37-68%, the wet straw fiber biological feed is discharged through the straw fiber feed discharging opening and then is conveyed into the silage bundling and coating integrated machine through the conveyor to be packed and fermented, and then the process of producing the straw fiber biological feed through the production line is completed.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a production water line of straw fibre biological feed, by horizontal permanent quick-witted that evaporates of straw feeding conveyor, straw screw drive feeding, straw fibre grind machine, nitrogen source and nutritional agents measurement mixing arrangement, desiccator, straw fibre and nutritional agents steam explosion mixing arrangement and baling press and constitute its characterized in that: the output end of the straw feeding and conveying device is connected with the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine, the output end of the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine is connected with the input end of the straw fiber grinding machine through a flange, the discharge port of the straw fiber grinding machine is communicated with the input end of the straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device, the discharge port of the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device is communicated with the input end of the nutrient steam explosion mixing device through a conveying pump and the straw fiber, the output end of the dryer is communicated with the input end of the straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device, the discharge port of the straw fiber and nutrient steam explosion mixing device is connected with the input end of the packing machine through the conveyor,
the straw feeding and conveying device comprises a straw bundle bale breaking machine, a straw cutting machine, an underground spiral stock bin, an iron remover, a large-inclination-angle belt conveyor and a belt conveyor, wherein the straw bundle bale breaking machine is arranged on the right side of the straw cutting machine;
the straw screw-driven feeding horizontal constant steaming machine consists of a straw forced feeding device and a horizontal constant steaming device with screw-driven feeding, wherein an output port of the straw forced feeding device is connected with an input port of the horizontal constant steaming device with screw-driven feeding through a flange, an output port of the horizontal constant steaming device with screw-driven feeding is connected with an input port of a straw fiber grinding machine through a flange,
the straw forced feeding device comprises a feeding port sealing driver, a plunger spiral sealing gasket, a guiding connecting pipe, a feeding plunger spiral propeller, a plunger spiral guiding pipe, a material bin flange, a straw material bin, a feeding spiral device, a driving motor, a flange, a plunger spiral driver, a guide rail and a plunger spiral axial movement driver, wherein the plunger spiral axial movement driver is assembled with the guide rail, the plunger spiral driver is connected with the feeding plunger spiral propeller through a flange, the feeding plunger spiral propeller is arranged in the plunger spiral guiding pipe, a discharging port at the left end of the plunger spiral guiding pipe is connected with a feeding port at the upper part of the guiding connecting pipe through the flange, the guiding connecting pipe is arranged at the left side of the plunger spiral guiding pipe, the feeding port sealing driver is arranged at the outer side of the upper part of the guiding connecting pipe, the plunger spiral sealing gasket is opposite to a discharge port of the plunger spiral material guide pipe and is arranged on the same axis, the straw bin is arranged above the right side of the plunger spiral material guide pipe, the straw bin is connected with the plunger spiral material guide pipe through a bin flange, a feeding screw device is arranged in the center of the straw bin, and a driving motor is arranged at the upper end of the feeding screw device;
the horizontal constant steamer with the spiral driving feeding function comprises a constant steamer driving motor, a speed reducer, a constant steamer discharging outlet, a horizontal constant steamer shell, a steam heating pipe inlet, a constant steamer spiral propeller and a feeding hole, wherein the feeding hole is formed in the right side of the horizontal constant steamer shell and is connected with the lower end of a guide connecting pipe of a straw forced feeding device through a flange;
the straw fiber grinding machine comprises a driving motor, a speed reducer, a feeding screw propeller, a grinding disc gap adjusting driver, a cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, a straw feeding port, a screw feeding propeller shell, a grinding chamber, a fixed grinding disc fan-shaped grinding rack, a rotary grinding disc, a steam pipe inlet, a straw fiber discharging port and a driving motor, wherein the upper end of the straw feeding port is connected with a constant steamer discharging outlet with a screw driving feeding horizontal constant steamer through a flange, the lower end of the straw feeding port is communicated with a cavity of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster through the screw feeding propeller shell and the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the driving motor is connected with the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected with the left end of the feeding screw propeller, and the feeding screw propeller is arranged in the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the spiral feeding propeller shell is sleeved on the outer side of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster, the left end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster is connected with a grinding disc gap adjustment driver, the right end of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster is connected with a fixed grinding disc in a grinding chamber, the right end of the spiral feeding propeller shell is connected with the grinding chamber through a flange, the fixed grinding disc and a rotary grinding disc are arranged in the grinding chamber, a fixed disc sector grinding rack is fixed on the right side surface of the fixed grinding disc through a bolt, the rotary grinding disc sector grinding rack is fixed on the left side surface of the rotary grinding disc through a bolt, a steam pipe inlet is arranged at the center of the grinding chamber, a straw fiber discharge port is arranged at the center of the lower part of the grinding chamber, and the output end of a driving motor is;
the nitrogen source and nutrient metering and mixing device consists of a meter and a mixing stirrer, the output end of the meter is connected with the input end of the mixing stirrer,
the metering device consists of a storage bin, a storage bin discharge valve, a metering bin discharge valve, weighing sensors, a material level detection sensor, a metering scale discharge port, a nitrogen source and a nutrient conveyor, wherein the storage bin discharge valve is arranged at the lower end of the storage bin;
the mixing stirrer consists of a delivery pump, a nitrogen source and nutrient delivery pipe, a mixing stirring barrel, a stirrer and a stirrer driving motor, wherein the delivery pump, the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe are all arranged on the right side of the mixing stirring barrel, the input end of the delivery pump is connected with the output ends of the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe, the input ends of the nitrogen source and the nutrient delivery pipe are communicated with the cavity of the mixing stirring tank, the stirrer is arranged in the cavity of the mixing stirring barrel, and the stirrer driving motor is arranged at the upper end of the stirrer;
the straw feed steam explosion mixing device comprises a straw fiber feed discharge port, a spiral stirring conveyor, a steam explosion tank shell, a gas discharge port, a drying pipe inlet, a steam explosion tank cavity, a straw fiber feed scattering mixer, a steam discharge port, a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe, a first flange, a second flange, an air cooling pipe inlet, a microbial agent spraying port and a spiral stirrer driving motor, wherein the straw fiber feed discharge port is arranged on the left side below the steam explosion tank shell, the spiral stirring conveyor is arranged below the steam explosion tank cavity, the right end of the spiral stirring conveyor is connected with the output end of the spiral stirrer driving motor, the straw fiber feed scattering mixer is arranged on the upper part in the steam explosion tank cavity, the straw fiber steam explosion nitrogen source and the nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe are of a Y-shaped structure, the output end of the straw fiber steam explosion and the nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe is arranged above the straw fiber feed scattering mixer in the steam explosion tank cavity, two input ports of a straw fiber steam explosion and nitrogen source nutrient conveying pipe are arranged on the right outer side of a steam explosion tank shell, a steam discharge port is arranged at the middle position of the upper end of the steam explosion tank shell, a microbial agent injection port is arranged on the lower part of the right side of the steam explosion tank shell, an air cooling pipe inlet is arranged on the steam explosion tank shell above the microbial agent injection port, two drying pipe inlets are symmetrically arranged on the middle lower part of the steam explosion tank shell, a gas discharge port is arranged on the middle lower part of the left steam explosion tank shell, a first flange is arranged in the middle of the steam explosion tank shell, a second flange is arranged on the lower part of the steam explosion tank shell,
the straw fiber feed scattering mixer is composed of a motor, a chain wheel, scattering needles and a rotating shaft, wherein the chain wheel is arranged at the left end of the rotating shaft, the chain is assembled with the chain wheel, the chain wheel is connected with the output end of the motor, and the scattering needles are vertically arranged on the circumference of the rotating shaft.
2. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the left side of the feed inlet formed in the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster is larger than the feed inlet formed in the shell of the spiral feed propeller.
3. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the discharge port of the discharge valve of the metering bin and the discharge port of the metering scale are on the same axis.
4. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the meter is composed of one or more groups of meters.
5. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the straw fiber feed scattering mixer is arranged in a trapezoidal structure, two groups of the straw fiber feed scattering mixer are arranged on the upper portion in parallel, and the other three groups of the straw fiber feed scattering mixer are arranged on the lower portion in parallel.
6. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the weighing sensor adopts a resistance strain type and differential transformer type sensor, a capacitance type and differential transformer type sensor, a piezomagnetic type sensor, a piezoelectric type sensor, a vibration frequency type sensor and a gyro type sensor.
7. The production line of straw fiber biological feed as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the driver of the cylindrical grinding disc gap adjuster adopts hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, lever mechanism drive or screw drive.
8. The preparation method of the straw fiber biological feed of claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, cutting straws into sections of 50-150 mm, and conveying the cut straws into a storage bin of a straw spiral-driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine by adopting the straw feeding and conveying device;
step two, injecting steam at 120-240 ℃ into the horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine which are driven by the straw screw, wherein the steam pressure is 0.5-2 MPa, softening and grinding the straw sections for 2-5 minutes, and grinding the straw sections into straw fibers with the diameter of 5-100 mm;
step three, adopting the steam explosion mixing device of the invention for the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent softened and ground in the step two, wherein the straw fiber accounts for 65-85% of the total mass of the feed, the nitrogen source accounts for 5-10% of the total mass of the feed, and the nutritional agent accounts for 10-30% of the total mass of the feed, performing steam explosion, mixing and scattering on the straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent in the steam explosion mixing device, injecting 120-300 ℃ gas into the steam explosion mixing device, pre-drying the mixed straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutritional agent, controlling the water content to be in the range of 40-65%, and cooling the gas in the steam explosion mixing device to 30-65 ℃;
and step four, spraying a microbial agent into the steam explosion mixing device in the step three, wherein the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 0.5-6% of the total mass, and mixing to prepare the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 37-68%.
9. The preparation method of the straw fiber biological feed according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting the straws in the step one into 100mm sections; injecting steam at 200 ℃ into the straw spiral driving feeding horizontal constant steaming machine and the straw fiber grinding machine, softening and grinding the straw sections at the steam pressure of 1 MPa for 3 minutes, and grinding the straw sections to prepare straw fibers with the diameter of 50 mm; in the third step, the straw fiber accounts for 75 percent of the total mass of the feed, the nitrogen source accounts for 8 percent of the total mass of the feed, and the nutrient accounts for 17 percent of the total mass of the feed, 200 ℃ gas is injected into a steam explosion mixing device, the mixed straw fiber, the nitrogen source and the nutrient are pre-dried, the water content is controlled within 55 percent, and the gas in the steam explosion mixing device is cooled to 45 ℃; and in the fourth step, the spraying amount of the microbial agent is 5 percent of the total mass, and the wet straw fiber biological feed with the water content of 60 percent is prepared after mixing.
10. The preparation method of the straw fiber biological feed according to claim 8, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the microbial agent consists of a mixture of lactobacillus, saccharomycetes, lactobacillus acidophilus, pediococcus acidilactici, fiber monospora, lactobacillus buchneri, lactobacillus plantarum and pediococcus acidilactici and water, wherein the mass of each microorganism accounts for 3.75% of the total mass of the microbial agent, and the balance is water.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
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