CN111322293A - 接头构造 - Google Patents

接头构造 Download PDF

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CN111322293A
CN111322293A CN201911004098.7A CN201911004098A CN111322293A CN 111322293 A CN111322293 A CN 111322293A CN 201911004098 A CN201911004098 A CN 201911004098A CN 111322293 A CN111322293 A CN 111322293A
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fiber
protruding portion
extending along
containing layer
end surface
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CN111322293B (zh
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吉村健佑
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Subaru Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
    • F16B5/0004—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship
    • F16B5/0008—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge
    • F16B5/0012—Joining sheets, plates or panels in abutting relationship by moving the sheets, plates or panels substantially in their own plane, perpendicular to the abutting edge a tongue on the edge of one sheet, plate or panel co-operating with a groove in the edge of another sheet, plate or panel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1242—Tongue and groove joints comprising interlocking undercuts
    • B29C66/12423—Dovetailed interlocking undercuts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1244—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue
    • B29C66/12443—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the male part, i.e. the part comprising the tongue having the tongue substantially in the middle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/124—Tongue and groove joints
    • B29C66/1246—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove
    • B29C66/12463—Tongue and groove joints characterised by the female part, i.e. the part comprising the groove being tapered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428—Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74285—Noble metals, e.g. silver, gold, platinum or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
    • B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/40—Weight reduction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/19—Sheets or webs edge spliced or joined
    • Y10T428/192—Sheets or webs coplanar
    • Y10T428/195—Beveled, stepped, or skived in thickness

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种抑制强度的降低的接头构造。接头构造(100)具备：第一部件(110)；第二部件(120)，其由与第一部件(110)不同的材料形成；突出部(114)，其形成于第一部件(110)，并且顶端部(114b)比基端部(114a)宽；嵌合槽(124)，其形成于第二部件(120)，并且供突出部(114)插入；倾斜面(114d)，其在突出部(114)的表面从顶端部(114b)延伸到基端部(114a)，相对于第一部件(110)与第二部件(120)的对置方向而倾斜；多个含纤维层(116a)，其构成包含突出部(114)的第一部件(110)，具有沿着倾斜面(114d)延伸的部位(116b)，由复合材料形成。

Description

接头构造
技术领域
本发明涉及一种接头构造。
背景技术
在航空器等中，有将由纤维增强塑料等形成的第一部件与由金属材料形成的第二部件进行连接的情况(例如，专利文献1)。第一部件与第二部件例如利用粘接剂而被粘接，或者利用螺栓或铆钉等紧固件来紧固。
在搬运航空器的情况下，为了进行主体与主翼的装卸，希望有比粘接或紧固件紧固更容易装卸的方法。因此，考虑使用燕尾榫，该燕尾榫是在建筑中使用的接头的一种(例如，专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2017-052183号公报
专利文献2：日本特表2009-504493号公报
发明内容
技术问题
如上述专利文献1中记载那样，在将专利文献2所记载的燕尾榫等构造适用于由包括纤维增强塑料的不同种材料形成的部件间的接头构造中的情况下，由于构成纤维增强塑料的多个层的配置，所以负重容易作用于层间等而导致强度的降低。
本发明是鉴于这样的问题而做出的，其目的在于，提供一种能够抑制强度的降低的接头构造。
技术方案
为了解决上述问题，本发明的接头构造具备：第一部件；第二部件，其由与第一部件不同的材料形成；突出部，其形成于第一部件，并且顶端部比基端部宽；嵌合槽，其形成于第二部件，并且供突出部插入；倾斜面，其在突出部的表面从顶端部延伸到基端部，并且相对于第一部件与第二部件的对置方向而倾斜；以及多个层，其至少构成突出部，并且由具有纤维沿着倾斜面延伸的部位的纤维增强塑料形成。
突出部的顶端部可以具有与对置方向垂直的端面，构成突出部的层可以具有沿着端面延伸的部位。
在构成突出部的层中，沿着倾斜面延伸的部位与沿着端面延伸的部位可以连续。
第一部件中的、基端部所在的基端面可以由多个层构成，构成基端面的多个层可以具有沿着基端面延伸的部位。
技术效果
根据本发明，能够抑制强度的降低。
附图说明
图1是构成航空器的一部分部件的接头构造的侧视图。
图2是图1中的、双点划线部分的II向视图。
图3是示出第一部件与第二部件连结前的状态的图。
图4是用于说明变形例的图。
符号说明
100、100A 接头构造
110 第一部件
112 端部
114 突出部
114a 基端部
114b 顶端部
114c 端面
114d、114e 倾斜面
116、116a、116d 含纤维层(层)
116b、116c、116e、116f 部位
118 基端面
120 第二部件
122 端部
124 嵌合槽
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图对本发明的优选实施方式进行详细说明。相关实施方式中所示的尺寸、材料、其他具体数值等只不过是用于便于理解发明的示例而已，除非特别指出的情况，否则不用于限定本发明。应予说明，在本说明书和附图中，针对实质上具有相同功能、结构的要素标注相同的符号，从而省略重复说明，另外对与本发明没有直接关系的要素省略图示。
图1是构成航空器的一部分部件的接头构造100的立体图。在此，举例将构成航空器的主翼并且安装有纵梁ST的外板部件作为第一部件110。举例将航空器的主体中的、与外板部件连结的连结部件作为第二部件120。另外，第二部件120仅抽出第一部件110侧的一部分而示出。第一部件110和第二部件120例如是大致板形形状。第一部件110和第二部件120可以是构成航空器的其他部件，也可以是除航空器以外的部件。
第一部件110例如由纤维增强塑料(FRP：Fiber Reinforced Plastics)构成。第二部件120例如由钛合金构成。其中，第一部件110与第二部件120是彼此不同的材料，并且第一部件110只要是复合材料也可以由其他材料构成。
图2是图1中的、双点划线部分的II向视图。如图2所示，在第一部件110中的靠第二部件120侧的端部112形成有突出部114。在第二部件120中的靠第一部件110侧的端部122形成有嵌合槽124。突出部114插入嵌合槽124而将第一部件110与第二部件120连结在一起。
图3是示出第一部件110与第二部件120连结前的状态的图。如图3所示，对于突出部114而言，与端部112分离的顶端部114b比靠第一部件110的端部112侧的基端部114a更宽。在图3中，顶端部114b比基端部114a在上下方向上更大。顶端部114b具有端面114c。端面114c相对于第一部件110的端部112与第二部件120的端部122的对置方向(以下，仅称为对置方向)垂直地延伸。
在突出部114形成有倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e。倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e从顶端部114b起延伸到基端部114a。倾斜面114d相对于第一部件110的厚度方向(在图3中，为上下方向)的中心而位于一侧(在图3中，为上侧)。倾斜面114e相对于第一部件110的厚度方向(在图3中，为上下方向)的中心而位于另一侧(在图3中，为下侧)。
嵌合槽124是与突出部114嵌合的形状。即，在图3中，嵌合槽124的底面124a比嵌合槽124中的靠端部122的开口部124b在上下方向上更大。内壁面124c、内壁面124d从底面124a延伸到开口部124b。内壁面124c、内壁面124d与突出部114的倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e同样地倾斜。
突出部114的顶端部114b比嵌合槽124的开口部124b大。因此，在图3中，即使使突出部114向右侧移动，也不能够使突出部114插入嵌合槽124。例如，在图3中，在使突出部114移动到比嵌合槽124更靠近前侧的位置后，如图2所示，将突出部114配置在与嵌合槽124重合的位置。然后，在图2中，若使突出部114向里侧移动，则突出部插入嵌合槽124。
包含突出部114的第一部件110由多个含纤维层116形成，该含纤维层116由复合材料形成。在此，含纤维层116例如由纤维和树脂构成。在图2、图3、图4中，利用交差影线来表示含纤维层116。另外，为了容易把握含纤维层116的延伸方向而放大层间来图示，但是实际上可以几乎没有层间间隙。
如图3所示，含纤维层116中的、构成突出部114的含纤维层116a具有部位116b，该部位116b越接近于倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e(接近于表面)就越沿着倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e延伸。另外，含纤维层116a具有沿着端面114c延伸的部位116c。
含纤维层116a中的、沿着倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e延伸的部位116b与沿着端面114c延伸的部位116c连续。即，两个部位116b、116c由同一含纤维层116a构成。
另外，将第一部件110中的、形成有突出部114的表面(端部122)称为基端面118。突出部114的基端部114a位于(配置于)基端面118。含纤维层116中的、构成基端面118的多个含纤维层116d具有沿着基端面118延伸的部位116e。另外，含纤维层116d具有沿对置方向延伸的部位116f。沿着基端面118延伸的部位116e与沿对置方向延伸的部位116f连续。即，两个部位116e、部位116f由同一含纤维层116d构成。
由此，接头构造100具有燕尾榫接头的构造。在燕尾榫接头中要求高尺寸精度。另外，难以使用以往的层积半固化片的制造方法来配置上述那样的复杂的含纤维层116。在接头构造100中，使用利用分别独立的喷嘴来喷射纤维和树脂而进行成型的3D打印。因此，能够在复杂的含纤维层116的配置中高尺寸精度地进行成型。
例如，含纤维层116的部位116b有必要随着接近顶端部114b而使层的厚度变得比其他部位更厚。在将部位116b成型时，通过增大从喷嘴射出的纤维和/或树脂的量相对于喷嘴的移动速度的比例，从而能够使部位116b变厚。
如上所述，含纤维层116具有沿着倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e延伸的部位116b。因此，与含纤维层116的端部配置在倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e的构成相比，能够抑制强度的降低。
图4是用于说明变形例的图。如图4所示，在变形例的接头构造100A中，如上述的实施方式那样，不设置含纤维层116的部位116c、部位116e。但设置有含纤维层116的部位116b、部位116f。在将部位116b成型时，与上述的实施方式相同地，通过增大从喷嘴射出的纤维和/或树脂的量相对于喷嘴的移动速度的比例，从而使部位116b变厚。
作为变形例，也与上述的实施方式同样地，含纤维层116具有沿着倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e延伸的部位116b。因此，与含纤维层116的端部配置在倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e的构成相比，能够抑制强度的降低。
以上，虽然参照附图对本发明的优选实施方式进行了说明，但是本发明不限于这样的例子。本领域的技术人员应当知晓，在权利要求书描述的范围内能够想到各种变更例或修正例，并且了解这些变更例和修正例也显然属于本发明的技术范围内。
例如，在上述实施方式中，对构成突出部114的含纤维层116a具有沿着端面114c延伸的部位116c的情况进行了说明。在该情况下，与含纤维层116a的端部位于端面114c的情况相比，能够抑制强度的降低。但是，也可以如变形例那样不设置部位116c。
另外，在上述的实施方式中，对含纤维层116a中的、沿着倾斜面114d、倾斜面114e延伸的部位116b与沿着端面114c延伸的部位116c连续的情况进行了说明。在该情况下，与部位116b和部位116c不连续的情况相比，能够抑制强度的降低。但是，部位116b与部位116c也可以分开。
另外，在上述实施方式中，对构成基端面118的多个含纤维层116d具有沿着基端面118延伸的部位116e的情况进行了说明。在该情况下，与含纤维层116d的端部位于基端面118的情况相比，能够抑制强度的降低。但是，也可以如变形例那样不设置部位116e。
工业上的可利用性
本发明能够利用于接头构造。

Claims (7)

1.一种接头构造，其特征在于，具备：
第一部件；
第二部件，其由与所述第一部件不同的材料形成；
突出部，其形成于所述第一部件，并且顶端部比基端部宽；
嵌合槽，其形成于所述第二部件，并且供所述突出部插入；
倾斜面，其在所述突出部的表面从所述顶端部延伸到所述基端部，并且相对于所述第一部件与所述第二部件的对置方向而倾斜；以及
多个含纤维层，其至少构成所述突出部，具有纤维沿着所述倾斜面延伸的部位。
2.根据权利要求1所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
所述突出部的顶端部具有与所述对置方向垂直的端面，
构成所述突出部的所述含纤维层具有沿着所述端面延伸的部位。
3.根据权利要求1所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
在构成所述突出部的所述含纤维层中，沿着所述倾斜面延伸的部位与沿着所述端面延伸的部位连续。
4.根据权利要求2所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
在构成所述突出部的所述含纤维层中，沿着所述倾斜面延伸的部位与沿着所述端面延伸的部位连续。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
所述第一部件中的、所述基端部所在的基端面由所述多个含纤维层构成，构成所述基端面的多个含纤维层具有沿着所述基端面延伸的部位。
6.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
所述第一部件由纤维增强塑料构成。
7.根据权利要求5所述的接头构造，其特征在于，
所述第一部件由纤维增强塑料构成。
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