CN1113181C - 恒流量分级润滑装置 - Google Patents
恒流量分级润滑装置Info
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- CN1113181C CN1113181C CN98802859A CN98802859A CN1113181C CN 1113181 C CN1113181 C CN 1113181C CN 98802859 A CN98802859 A CN 98802859A CN 98802859 A CN98802859 A CN 98802859A CN 1113181 C CN1113181 C CN 1113181C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
- F16C33/6659—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles
- F16C33/6674—Details of supply of the liquid to the bearing, e.g. passages or nozzles related to the amount supplied, e.g. gaps to restrict flow of the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
- F16C33/66—Special parts or details in view of lubrication
- F16C33/6637—Special parts or details in view of lubrication with liquid lubricant
- F16C33/664—Retaining the liquid in or near the bearing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16N—LUBRICATING
- F16N7/00—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated
- F16N7/36—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with feed by pumping action of the member to be lubricated or of a shaft of the machine; Centrifugal lubrication
- F16N7/366—Arrangements for supplying oil or unspecified lubricant from a stationary reservoir or the equivalent in or on the machine or member to be lubricated with feed by pumping action of the member to be lubricated or of a shaft of the machine; Centrifugal lubrication with feed by pumping action of a vertical shaft of the machine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2300/00—Application independent of particular apparatuses
- F16C2300/30—Application independent of particular apparatuses related to direction with respect to gravity
- F16C2300/34—Vertical, e.g. bearings for supporting a vertical shaft
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
- F16C2360/42—Pumps with cylinders or pistons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
- Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
在轴承箱内立式转动轴轴承的润滑装置,其包括:在轴承箱(11)下部的下环形润滑油槽(40);在轴承箱上部的上环形润滑油池;和在下润滑油槽(12)和上润滑油池(20)之间提供流体连通的导管。设置从上润滑油池(20)进入上部轴承(14)的润滑剂流量的计量装置。润滑剂从下润滑油槽(40)经导管(35),以超过进入上部轴承(14)内被计量流量的速率送到上润滑油池(20)。在计量小孔上面的恒定润滑剂压头形成在上润滑油池(20)中,以及将过量的润滑剂分流回下润滑油槽的输出口。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般与可转动轴上的轴承润滑有关,尤其与在直立湿滑油槽式轴承箱内以恒流速率给轴承提供润滑剂有关,该恒流速率不受运转速度的制约。
背景技术
目前直立湿滑油槽轴承箱的轴承润滑装置一般设计成以一流动速率提供润滑剂,该流动速率特定相对于设计的运转速度。它们从轴承箱底部的贮油槽抽取润滑剂输送到轴承箱顶部的轴承上。润滑剂穿过轴承向下流动并返回贮油槽。提供给轴承的润滑油量和流速受泵机械结构运转速度、润滑剂粘度和润滑剂被抽取送到轴承时通过的通道尺寸的制约。而假定恒定粘度,这类装置在指定的速度下运行,而在低运转速度下它们可能是无效的,或者在高运转速度下它们可能提供过量的润滑剂,那会与不同速度的传动输入冲突。因此,在低速下润滑剂可能不够,而在高速下过量的润滑剂流量可能产生超压,它导致密封失效和润滑剂在周围的泄漏。
此外,润滑剂是粘性液体,它受粘度变化的影响,粘度变化与温度变化呈反比。因此温度升高引起粘度降低,而温度降低引起粘度提高。甚至当设备以高速运行时,由于机械热的产生润滑剂变热并降低了粘度。这使得输送功能降低并导致轴承润滑的不足。这种不足使设备和环境产生代价高昂的损坏。
GB-A-444496公开了一种在轴承箱内立式转动轴轴承的润滑装置,该装置包括:在上述轴承箱下部的下润滑油槽;在上述轴承箱上部的上润滑油池;在上述下部润滑油槽和上述上部润滑油池之间流体连通的导管;从上述上部润滑油池进入上部轴承的润滑剂流量的计量装置;从上述下部润滑油槽经上述导管,将润滑剂以一速率输送到上述上润滑油池的装置;该速率超过进入上部轴承的上述计量流量的速率;在上述上润滑油池内的装置,以便在上述计量装置上面保持恒定的润滑剂压头,并将过量的润滑剂分流回到上述下润滑油槽。
发明内容
根据本发明的第一方面,提供一种在轴承箱内立式转动轴轴承的润滑装置,该装置包括:在上述轴承箱下部的下润滑油槽;在上述轴承箱上部的上润滑油池;在上述下部润滑油槽和上述上部润滑油池之间流体连通的导管;从上述上部润滑油池进入上部轴承的润滑剂流量的计量装置;从上述下部润滑油槽经上述导管,将润滑剂以一速率输送到上述上润滑油池的装置;该速率超过进入上部轴承的上述计量流量的速率;在上述上润滑油池内的装置,以便在上述计量装置上面保持恒定的润滑剂压头,并将过量的润滑剂分流回到上述下润滑油槽。其中,在上述过量润滑剂返回上述下润滑油槽之前输送上述过量润滑剂的一部分到下部轴承的装置。
根据本发明的第二方面,提供一种输送装置,该装置包括:杯形转动构件,它具有在使用时为垂直的轴线并且在内表面和外表面具有纵向导向方向相反的螺纹槽;在固定构件中的光滑壁孔,它无接触地紧密围绕上述杯形转动构件的外表面;光滑壁的固定圆柱形构件由上述杯形构件的内表面无接触地紧密围绕;油槽,它含有的液体在一水平面,该水平面足以覆盖上述转动杯形构件的下部分、上述光滑壁孔、和上述光滑壁的圆柱形构件,从而上述杯形构件的转动使液体被向上输送到杯形构件的上述一个表面,并向下输送到杯形构件的另一上述表面。
结合附图,从本发明下列的详细描述中将理解上述和其他方面。
附图说明
图1是按本发明安装有直立湿滑油槽或润滑装置的泵的垂直局部剖视示意图;
图2是输送装置局部仰视透视图;和
图3是上润滑油池的润滑剂计量和分路结构的局部剖视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的所有主要特征可参看图1;但是,适当的参照图2和图3也有助于进一步理解输送、计量装置和分流装置的细节。在图1中,所显示的本发明表示为立式泵装置60。轴承箱组件50具有支承转动轴5的上部轴承14和下部轴承18,转动轴5安装在轴承箱10内。环形下润滑油槽40在轴承箱10的下端盖11中,而环形上润滑油池20在上端盖12中,它们由导管35连接,该导管最好是在轴承箱壁中打孔。杯形输送或提升装置30固定在转动轴5上,借助于其外表面上的至少一个螺旋槽33输送润滑剂,该槽与一孔的内壁31配合,穿过该孔,杯形输送装置30向下延伸进下润滑油槽40内。注意在杯形输送装置30和孔内壁31之间没有接触。槽33这样确定尺寸,它在所有的运转速度下将过量的润滑剂输送到上部轴承14上。这些结构特征见图1和图2。
见图1和图3,上润滑油池20具有溢流口或溢流壁26,它在计量孔25之上保持恒定压头。计量孔25的尺寸提供,在所有的运转速度下和粘度范围内上部轴承所需的全部润滑。计量孔25具有其开口,它位于上部油池20的底部略微向上处,以便停机时在油池20内保持少量的润滑剂。这保证了停机后再开动装置时给上部轴承14供应润滑剂的最小响应时间。任何到达上部油池20的过量润滑剂越过溢流壁26并通过分流通道19分流返回到下部油槽40。这种溢出分流结构使输送装置在无节流或其他收缩部下运行,它与运转速度无关地工作;因为润滑剂的充份需要总可被满足,而任何过量的润滑剂仅被返回到下部油槽40。过量润滑剂的一部分由轴承箱10的杯形下部表面引导,在排放到下部油槽40前穿过下部轴承18。
流过上部轴承14的润滑剂掉落在抛油环45上,抛油环45固定在轴承14下面的轴5上。抛油环45将润滑剂抛向轴承箱10壁,在那里它传递通过接触轴承和轴5各部分而聚集的热量。通过设计,那些实际上没有润滑轴承的润滑剂尽可能地被暴露以去冷却轴承箱10内的各面。这有助于散热和保持一稳定状态的运转温度。
杯形输送装置30也有散热装置的作用,以便为邻近下部轴承18的轴5排热。润滑剂和输送装置30之间密切的混合接触保证将热最大限度地传递给润滑剂,然后该润滑剂将携带的热量传到箱壁10、11、12,因此把热散发到轴承箱组件50外围。这一特征是重要的,尤其是当轴5遭受外部热源如热泵送或热空气时。因此,在任何运转条件下,轴承箱组件50快速达到稳定状态的运转温度。
所提供的密封可防止润滑剂从下部油槽40中泄漏。在固定件和转动件之间没有接触的情况下,实现这样的密封。下部油槽40具有内壁39,它伸出到润滑剂固定液面上方,内壁39围绕轴5,而不接触该轴,它有效地形成静态的密封。除非在下部油槽40中的润滑剂引发紊流,没有另设密封的需要。为抵消紊流导致润滑剂的损耗,使用杯形输送装置30提供一种非接触式动态轴向逆流密封装置。在输送装置30内表面上的螺旋槽36具有与输送槽33相反的方向,它在运转中向下输送润滑剂。槽36与内壁39的外表面的配合没有接触,其方式与槽33与孔壁31的非接触配合相同。
轴承润滑装置已显示在表示为泵的图1中。非常清楚,任一由湿滑油槽润滑装置润滑的立式轴承箱都能从揭示在本文的结构中受益。
Claims (13)
1、在轴承箱内立式转动轴轴承的润滑装置包括:
在上述轴承箱下部的下润滑油槽(40);
在上述轴承箱上部的上润滑油池(20);
在上述下部润滑油槽和上述上部润滑油池之间流体连通的导管(35);
从上述上部润滑油池进入上部轴承的润滑剂流量的计量装置(25);
从上述下部润滑油槽经上述导管,将润滑剂以一速率输送到上述上润滑油池的装置(30);该速率超过进入上部轴承的上述计量流量的速率;
在上述上润滑油池内的装置(26),以便在上述计量装置上面保持恒定的润滑剂压头,并将过量的润滑剂分流回到上述下润滑油槽;其特征在于:
在上述过量润滑剂返回上述下润滑油槽(40)之前输送上述过量润滑剂的一部分到下部轴承(18)的装置。
2、按权利要求1的装置,其中,从上述下部润滑油槽(40)经上述导管(35),将润滑剂输送到上述上润滑油池(20)的装置(30)也作为散热装置,以便从紧邻上述下部轴承的上述转动轴上排热,并将上述热量传递到润滑剂,以便发散到周围。
3、按权利要求1的装置还包括:
在上述下润滑油槽(40)中的装置(39),以便形成非接触密封并在上述轴承箱(10)内保持润滑剂。
4、按权利要求1的装置,其中,从上述上润滑油池(20)进入上部轴承(14)的润滑剂流量计量装置包括:至少一个穿过上述上润滑油池的底壁到达上述上部轴承的通道(25),上述至少一个通道的尺寸可独立于运转速度将全部的润滑供到上述轴承。
5、按权利要求4的装置,其中,在上述上润滑油池(20)中保持恒定的润滑剂压头和分流过量润滑剂的装置包括:上述上润滑油池的外壁(26),其具有分路通道的溢流口,分流通道(19)通过上述轴承箱排出过量的润滑剂并使之返回上述下润滑油槽(40)。
6、按权利要求1的装置,其中,从上述下润滑油槽(40)经上述导管将润滑剂输送到上述上润滑油池(20)的装置包括一圆柱形的套(30),它固定在下部轴承下方的转动轴(5)上并具有杯形部分,杯形部分通过一孔向下伸入上述轴承箱的下部壁,进入上述下润滑油槽,上述杯形部分在上述孔中具有紧配合,并在它的外圆柱表面有螺旋槽(33),该螺旋槽提升润滑液通过上述导管(35)进入上述上部润滑液池。
7、按权利要求6的装置还包括:
在上述杯形部分内圆柱表面的装置(39),以便为在上述轴承箱内保持润滑剂提供非接触密封。
8、按权利要求7的装置,其中,提供非接触密封的装置包括:一螺纹槽(36),它具有与在外圆柱表面上的槽(33)相反的方向,其位置紧邻环壁(39),上述环壁环绕上述转动轴(5),并从上述下润滑油槽(40)的下部壁向上延伸到一位置,它略低于上述圆柱形套(30)固定到上述转动轴的固定位置,上述螺纹槽(36)的作用引起液体逆流沿上述环壁而下,以便动态地对抗从上述轴承箱(10)中漏失的润滑剂。
9、按权利要求1的装置还包括:
将上述润滑剂的过热消散到上述轴承箱(10)外围的装置(45)。
10、按权利要求9的装置,其中,将上述润滑剂的过热消散的装置包括抛油装置(45),它固定在上述上部轴承(14)下方的转动轴(5)上,以便将从上述轴承来的润滑剂偏转向上述轴承箱(10)的壁上,并引导所有没有通过轴承的润滑剂流向轴承箱较冷的壁上。
11、按权利要求3的装置,其中在上述下润滑油槽(40)中提供润滑剂非接触隔离的装置包括:环绕上述转动轴(5)的环形壁(39),它从上述下部润滑油槽的下部壁向上延伸到一位置,该位置在上述油槽中静止润滑剂液面之上,上述环形壁是固定的,并与上述转动轴或任何移动件没有接触。
12、一种输送装置,包括:
杯形转动构件(30),它具有在使用时为垂直的轴线并且在内表面和外表面具有纵向导向方向相反的螺纹槽(33,36);
在固定构件中的光滑壁孔(39),它无接触地紧密围绕上述杯形转动构件的外表面;
光滑壁的固定圆柱形构件由上述杯形构件的内表面无接触地紧密围绕;和
油槽(40),它含有的液体在一水平面,该水平面足以覆盖上述转动杯形构件的下部分、上述光滑壁孔、和上述光滑壁的圆柱形构件,从而上述杯形构件的转动使液体被向上输送到杯形构件的上述一个表面,并向下输送到杯形构件的另一上述表面。
13、按权利要求12的输送装置,其中液体被向上输送到上述杯形构件外表面上和被向下输送到上述杯形构件(30)的内表面上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US08/807,311 | 1997-02-27 | ||
US08/807,311 US5779005A (en) | 1997-02-27 | 1997-02-27 | Constant flow cascade lubrication system |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1249023A CN1249023A (zh) | 2000-03-29 |
CN1113181C true CN1113181C (zh) | 2003-07-02 |
Family
ID=25196074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN98802859A Expired - Lifetime CN1113181C (zh) | 1997-02-27 | 1998-02-10 | 恒流量分级润滑装置 |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5779005A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0974025B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP4322964B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1113181C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9807267A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2282367C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69818654T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2209106T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1998038452A1 (zh) |
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WO2004079195A2 (en) * | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-16 | The Gorman-Rupp Company | Bearing and coupling arrangement for pumps |
US7273132B2 (en) * | 2003-10-15 | 2007-09-25 | Weasler Engineering, Inc. | Method and apparatus for lubricating bearings on a vertical shaft in a gearbox |
US7694780B2 (en) * | 2004-04-07 | 2010-04-13 | Borgwarner, Inc. | Pump for transfer case |
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DE102007036554B4 (de) * | 2007-07-25 | 2009-06-25 | Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg | Deckel-Lager-Anordnung und Verfahren zum Montieren einer Aktuatorwelle |
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US8220671B2 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2012-07-17 | Trico Corporation | Lubricant dispenser with nozzle |
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US8147684B2 (en) | 2009-03-27 | 2012-04-03 | Trico Corporation | Apparatus and methods for lubricant filtration and drum pump filtration system |
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US8419287B2 (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2013-04-16 | Yen Chen Machinery Co., Ltd. | Axle bearing lubricating and cooling system |
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USD696956S1 (en) | 2012-04-25 | 2014-01-07 | Trico Corporation | Lubricant dispenser |
DE102014227039A1 (de) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Schmiermittelauffangeinrichtung |
US10362738B2 (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2019-07-30 | Komatsu Ltd. | Work vehicle |
CN105443432B (zh) * | 2015-12-08 | 2018-08-17 | 合肥工业大学 | 一种具备轴承自润滑功能的立式泵 |
CN106438725A (zh) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥华升泵阀股份有限公司 | 一种自吸式轴承润滑装置 |
CN109611373A (zh) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-12 | 沈阳格瑞德泵业有限公司 | 一种立式泵稀油自润滑轴承体 |
CN110173511A (zh) * | 2019-06-14 | 2019-08-27 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0四研究所 | 立式安装滚动轴承的圆环形凹槽均匀供油结构 |
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- 1998-02-10 DE DE69818654T patent/DE69818654T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-10 CN CN98802859A patent/CN1113181C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1998-02-10 WO PCT/IB1998/000163 patent/WO1998038452A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1998-02-10 CA CA002282367A patent/CA2282367C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-10 BR BR9807267-6A patent/BR9807267A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-02-10 JP JP53745098A patent/JP4322964B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1998-02-10 ES ES98901431T patent/ES2209106T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2282367A1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
CN1249023A (zh) | 2000-03-29 |
JP2001513175A (ja) | 2001-08-28 |
WO1998038452A1 (en) | 1998-09-03 |
US5779005A (en) | 1998-07-14 |
DE69818654T2 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
JP4322964B2 (ja) | 2009-09-02 |
DE69818654D1 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
ES2209106T3 (es) | 2004-06-16 |
EP0974025A1 (en) | 2000-01-26 |
CA2282367C (en) | 2006-10-03 |
BR9807267A (pt) | 2000-05-23 |
EP0974025B1 (en) | 2003-10-01 |
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