CN111317164A - Primary baking process for increasing aroma abundance degree of tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Primary baking process for increasing aroma abundance degree of tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN111317164A CN111317164A CN201811544886.0A CN201811544886A CN111317164A CN 111317164 A CN111317164 A CN 111317164A CN 201811544886 A CN201811544886 A CN 201811544886A CN 111317164 A CN111317164 A CN 111317164A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/10—Roasting or cooling tobacco
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Abstract
The invention discloses a primary baking process for increasing the richness of tobacco fragrance, and the primary baking process for improving the fragrance of tobacco leaves comprises a tobacco leaf yellowing stage, a withering stage, a fixing stage and a drying stage. The key technology of the invention is (1) yellowing period, medium temperature and medium humidity combination, tobacco leaf gradually yellowing; (2) in the withering period, combining high temperature and high humidity, and withering the tobacco leaves moderately; (3) fixing color, cooling, humidifying, and slowly drying leaves; (4) in the tendon drying period, the temperature is controlled, the tendon is dried slowly and is suitable for being wetted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf baking, and particularly relates to a primary baking process for increasing the rich degree of tobacco leaf fragrance.
Background
The baking subject of 'special high-quality tobacco leaf development' of China tobacco general company puts different primary baking process parameter combination modes into the tobacco leaf harvesting, primary baking, secondary baking, alcoholization, shred making and formulation processes, carries out system comparison research, and identifies key technical parameters and target tasks of the primary baking process. The result shows that different primary baking process parameter combination modes have important influence on the main body style characteristics of the cigarette raw materials. However, the primary baking process for increasing the richness of the fragrance of the tobacco leaves still has a blank.
Therefore, it is necessary to invent a primary baking process for increasing the richness of the fragrance of the tobacco leaves, which can be used for the tobacco leaf production department and the cigarette industry department to develop special tobacco leaves and cigarette brands.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a primary baking process for increasing the richness of the fragrance of tobacco leaves.
The object of the invention is achieved by the following steps:
first yellowing stage
Before the fire is started, the circulating fan operates for 0.5-1.0 h at a high-speed gear;
after ignition, the dry bulb temperature of the high-temperature layer is increased to 37-38 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 35-36 ℃ and the dry-wet difference is 1.0-3.0 ℃ within 7-9 h at the average temperature increase speed of 2 ℃/h; stabilizing the temperature and humidity until the green-muscle yellow slices of the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer are baked; at this stage, 24-48 hours are needed;
(II) withering period
Heating from 38 ℃ to 47-48 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to be 38-39 ℃, and adjusting the dry-wet difference to be 9.0-10.0 ℃; stabilizing the temperature of the dry and wet pellets, and baking until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are 1/3-1/2 dry and the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are slightly withered by hooking and curling edges; in this stage, generally 24-36 h is needed;
(III) fixation period
The temperature of the dry bulb is increased from 48 ℃ to 51-53 ℃ within 3-5 h at the average heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 39-40 ℃, and the difference between dry and wet is 12.0-14.0 ℃; stabilizing the temperature and humidity until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried by 2/3-3/4, the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried by 1/2-2/3 and the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace are whitened; in this stage, generally 24-36 h is needed;
(IV) tendon drying period
Directly heating from 53 ℃ to 62-63 ℃ at an average heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 40.0-41.0 ℃, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature for 12-18 h, and baking until the main vein of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves is dried for more than 1/2 and the color of the front and back sides of the leaves are close to each other;
and directly heating from 63 ℃ to 67-68 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to be 39-43 ℃, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature for 24-36 h at a dry-wet difference of 24.0-29.0 ℃, and stopping heating when more than 90% of the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried, and drying the undried main veins by using waste heat.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. (1) yellowing stage, combining medium temperature and medium humidity, and gradually yellowing the tobacco leaves; (2) in the withering period, combining high temperature and high humidity, and withering the tobacco leaves moderately; (3) fixing color, cooling, humidifying, and slowly drying leaves; (4) in the tendon drying period, the temperature is controlled, the tendon is dried slowly and is suitable for being wetted.
2. In the yellowing stage, the tobacco leaves are heated, dehydrated, softened and yellowed under the condition of proper temperature and humidity. The principle is that the combination of moderate temperature and moderate humidity is limited to no roasting of the green tobacco leaves, and the time is shortened as much as possible. The technical key points are that the tobacco leaf yellowing drying target is strictly executed, and the temperature is raised by turning fire in time.
3. In the withering period, high temperature and high humidity are matched, so that moderate withering of the whole tobacco leaves is realized. The principle is grasped as follows: the temperature and humidity should be stable. The technical key is as follows: the tobacco leaves wither over 1/2, and the temperature is raised by turning fire in time.
4. And in the fixation period, the proper ventilation and moisture removal speed is kept, and the formation and accumulation of aroma substances are realized in the process of gradually removing the moisture in the tobacco leaves. The principle is grasped as follows: 'keep a certain temperature rise speed, achieve the purposes of temperature stabilization, constancy and persistence and dry veins and mesophyll by baking'. The technical key is as follows: "smooth baking" and "not reaching the required non-promoting pre-ignition".
5. In the stem drying period, the moisture in the main vein is exhausted at a higher temperature and a lower humidity, so that the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace are dried. The principle is grasped as follows: proper temperature, humidity and ventilation speed are required, so that moisture is smoothly discharged, and excessive decomposition loss of volatile aroma substances and oil components of tobacco leaves is avoided. The technical key is as follows: the dry bulb temperature is not higher than 68 ℃, and the wet bulb temperature is strictly controlled between 39 ℃ and 43 ℃.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to be limiting in any way, and any modifications or alterations based on the teachings of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Primary baking process technology for increasing rich degree of tobacco fragrance
The key technology is as follows: (1) in the yellowing period, the tobacco leaves are gradually yellowed by medium-temperature and medium-humidity combination; (2) in the withering period, combining high temperature and high humidity, and withering the tobacco leaves moderately; (3) fixing color, cooling, humidifying, and slowly drying leaves; (4) in the tendon drying period, the temperature is controlled, the tendon is dried slowly and is suitable for being wetted.
Taking K326 varieties and a tobacco area with the altitude of 1500-1800 m as an example, the primary curing process technology for increasing the aroma richness of tobacco leaves is shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 Primary baking process for increasing the richness of fragrance of tobacco leaves
Note that the temperature rising speed is 2 ℃/h to 37.0-38.0 ℃ when ① is on fire, and the temperature rising speed is 1 ℃/h between the later stages.
② tobacco leaf on high temperature layer, the air flow descending type baking room is the top layer of the baking room;
the corresponding space is a low-temperature layer.
③ the temperature and humidity are measured by a temperature and humidity probe with the distance between the high-temperature layer and the hot air outlet being 1.8 m-2.0 m.
First yellowing stage
The technical route is as follows: under proper temperature and humidity conditions, the tobacco leaves are heated, dehydrated, softened and yellowed. The principle is that the combination of moderate temperature and moderate humidity is limited to no roasting of the green tobacco leaves, and the time is shortened as much as possible. The technical key points are that the tobacco leaf yellowing drying target is strictly executed, and the temperature is raised by turning fire in time.
Before the fire is started, the circulating fan operates for 0.5-1.0 h at a high-speed gear.
After the fire is started, the dry bulb temperature of the high-temperature layer is increased to 37-38 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 35-36 ℃ and the dry-wet difference is 1.0-3.0 ℃ within 7-9 h at the average temperature rising speed of 2 ℃/h (the same in the following stages). Stabilizing temperature and humidity, and baking to obtain high-temperature tobacco leaf green-rib yellow slices. In this stage, it usually takes 24-48 hours.
The central task of the yellowing stage is to bake yellow tobacco leaves, and when the yellowing degree meets the requirement, the tobacco leaves must be turned to fire in time; the rich degree of the fragrance of the tobacco leaves can be reduced by turning fire to raise the temperature too early or too late. Requiring frequent observation, accurate grasp and timely operation.
(II) withering period
The technical route is as follows: high temperature and high humidity are matched, and moderate withering of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace is realized. The principle is grasped as follows: the temperature and humidity should be stable. The technical key is as follows: the tobacco leaves wither over 1/2, and the temperature is raised by turning fire in time.
The temperature is raised from 38 ℃ to 47-48 ℃ at the temperature raising speed of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of a wet bulb is adjusted to 38-39 ℃, and the dry-wet difference is 9.0-10.0 ℃. And (4) stabilizing the temperature of the dry and wet pellets, and baking until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are 1/3-1/2 dry and the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are slightly withered by hooking and curling edges. In this stage, it generally takes 24-36 hours.
The central task of the withering period is to ensure that the tobacco leaves wither by water loss, and the fragrance abundance degree of the tobacco leaves is reduced due to insufficient or excessive withering. Accurate observation and operation are required.
(III) fixation period
The technical route is as follows: the proper ventilation and moisture removal speed is kept, and the formation and accumulation of the aroma substances are realized in the process of gradually removing the moisture in the tobacco leaves. The principle is grasped as follows: 'keep a certain temperature rise speed, achieve the purposes of temperature stabilization, constancy and persistence and dry veins and mesophyll by baking'. The technical key is as follows: "smooth baking" and "not reaching the required non-promoting pre-ignition".
The temperature of the dry bulb is increased from 48 ℃ to 51-53 ℃ within 3-5 h at the average temperature rise speed of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 39-40 ℃, and the dry-wet difference is 12.0-14.0 ℃. And (3) stabilizing the temperature and humidity until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried by 2/3-3/4, the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried by 1/2-2/3, and the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace are whitened. In this stage, it generally takes 24-36 hours.
The central task of the fixation period is to bake fragrant tobacco leaves, strictly control the temperature and humidity conditions and the tobacco leaf change target, flexibly control the baking time, and ensure that the ideal rich fragrance degree cannot be obtained in the too long or too short baking process.
(IV) tendon drying period
The technical route is as follows: the moisture in the main pulse is exhausted by using higher temperature and lower humidity, and the drying of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves is realized. The principle is grasped as follows: proper temperature, humidity and ventilation speed are required, so that moisture is smoothly discharged, and excessive decomposition loss of volatile aroma substances and oil components of tobacco leaves is avoided. The technical key is as follows: the dry bulb temperature is not higher than 68 ℃, and the wet bulb temperature is strictly controlled between 39 ℃ and 43 ℃.
Directly heating from 53 ℃ to 62-63 ℃ at an average heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 40.0-41.0 ℃, adjusting the dry-wet difference to 22.0-23.0, stabilizing the dry-wet bulb temperature for 12-18 h, and baking until the main vein of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves is dried above 1/2 and the color of the front and back sides of the leaves are close to each other.
And directly heating from 63 ℃ to 67-68 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to be 39-43 ℃, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature for 24-36 h at a dry-wet difference of 24.0-29.0 ℃, and stopping heating when more than 90% of the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried, and drying the undried main veins by using waste heat.
The central task of the stem drying period is to dry tobacco leaves, and the high temperature and humidity can generate sugar coking and generate roasted red tobacco; and when the tobacco leaf drying target is reached, stopping the fire in time.
Claims (1)
1. A primary baking process for increasing the richness of the fragrance of tobacco leaves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
first yellowing stage
Before the fire is started, the circulating fan operates for 0.5-1.0 h at a high-speed gear;
after ignition, the dry bulb temperature of the high-temperature layer is increased to 37-38 ℃, the wet bulb temperature is adjusted to 35-36 ℃ and the dry-wet difference is 1.0-3.0 ℃ within 7-9 h at the average temperature increase speed of 2 ℃/h; stabilizing the temperature and humidity until the green-muscle yellow slices of the tobacco leaves on the high-temperature layer are baked; at this stage, 24-48 hours are needed;
(II) withering period
Heating from 38 ℃ to 47-48 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the temperature of a wet bulb to be 38-39 ℃, and adjusting the dry-wet difference to be 9.0-10.0 ℃; stabilizing the temperature of the dry and wet pellets, and baking until the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are 1/3-1/2 dry and the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are slightly withered by hooking and curling edges; at this stage, 24-36 hours are needed;
(III) fixation period
The temperature of the dry bulb is increased from 48 ℃ to 51-53 ℃ within 3-5 h at the average heating rate of 1 ℃/h, the temperature of the wet bulb is adjusted to 39-40 ℃, and the difference between dry and wet is 12.0-14.0 ℃; stabilizing the temperature and humidity until the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried by 2/3-3/4, the leaves of the tobacco leaves in the low-temperature layer are dried by 1/2-2/3 and the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the whole furnace are whitened; at this stage, 24-36 hours are needed;
(IV) tendon drying period
Directly heating from 53 ℃ to 62-63 ℃ at an average heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to 40.0-41.0 ℃, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature for 12-18 h, and baking until the main vein of the whole-furnace tobacco leaves is dried for more than 1/2 and the color of the front and back sides of the leaves are close to each other;
and directly heating from 63 ℃ to 67-68 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/h, adjusting the wet bulb temperature to be 39-43 ℃, stabilizing the dry and wet bulb temperature for 24-36 h at a dry-wet difference of 24.0-29.0 ℃, and stopping heating when more than 90% of the main veins of the tobacco leaves in the high-temperature layer are dried, and drying the undried main veins by using waste heat.
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Citations (6)
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| CN102920000A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco leaf modulation technology for increasing proportion of saffron yellow tobacco leaves |
| CN103380947A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-06 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Concoction technology for improving quality of fresh scent tobacco |
| CN107028214A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-08-11 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | It is adapted to the baking of flue-cured tobacco technique of the kind tobacco flue-curing of cloud and mist 116 |
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2018
- 2018-12-17 CN CN201811544886.0A patent/CN111317164A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080245378A1 (en) * | 2005-09-28 | 2008-10-09 | China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Co. Ltd. | Method for Producing Flue-Cured Type Tobacco Sheet by Papermaking Process |
| CN101416767A (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2009-04-29 | 云南省烟草科学研究所 | Cured tobacco baking technique capable of improving quality and flavoring |
| CN101991180A (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2011-03-30 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Tobacco leaf curing process capable of improving curing quality of flue-cured tobacco variety KRK26 |
| CN102920000A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2013-02-13 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Flue-cured tobacco leaf modulation technology for increasing proportion of saffron yellow tobacco leaves |
| CN103380947A (en) * | 2013-07-29 | 2013-11-06 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | Concoction technology for improving quality of fresh scent tobacco |
| CN107028214A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-08-11 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | It is adapted to the baking of flue-cured tobacco technique of the kind tobacco flue-curing of cloud and mist 116 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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