CN111308679A - Multifunctional main optical system and design method - Google Patents
Multifunctional main optical system and design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111308679A CN111308679A CN201911093494.1A CN201911093494A CN111308679A CN 111308679 A CN111308679 A CN 111308679A CN 201911093494 A CN201911093494 A CN 201911093494A CN 111308679 A CN111308679 A CN 111308679A
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- mirror
- hyperspectral
- panchromatic
- shared
- turning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/082—Catadioptric systems using three curved mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
- G02B17/082—Catadioptric systems using three curved mirrors
- G02B17/0828—Catadioptric systems using three curved mirrors off-axis or unobscured systems in which all of the mirrors share a common axis of rotational symmetry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/0012—Optical design, e.g. procedures, algorithms, optimisation routines
Abstract
The invention discloses a multifunctional main optical system and a design method. The optical system consists of a panchromatic imaging channel and a hyperspectral channel, and performs multichannel space field division near the middle image surface of the telescope. The multi-channel common telescope comprises a coaxial primary mirror and a coaxial secondary mirror. According to a full-color imaging channel with the highest resolution requirement, a non-telecentric coaxial three-mirror structure is designed, and then three mirrors, four mirrors and five mirrors are added on the basis of the existing primary mirror and secondary mirror to design a telecentric five-mirror high-spectral channel. The invention has the advantages that: the coaxial three-mirror is designed preferentially to ensure the high resolution of a full-color imaging channel; the primary mirror and the secondary mirror are shared, the high-spectrum five-reflection design is carried out, the image quality of the five-reflection design can be ensured, the image space telecentric design can be considered, and a rear spectrometer can be connected conveniently; the coaxial primary mirror and the coaxial secondary mirror are shared, the size and the weight of the system are reduced, the main body is symmetrical, the overall structure design of the system is facilitated, and the requirement on resources of a satellite platform is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an optical system and an optical design, in particular to a multifunctional main optical system integrating an image and a hyperspectral and a design method thereof.
Background
With the development of remote sensing science and technology, load function and performance are promoted by a wide margin. The target observation imaging becomes finer, the spatial resolution is in the order of micro-arc degree, the requirement on the load is not a single high-resolution imaging function any more, and the comprehensive functional requirement of integrating high-resolution imaging and fine spectrum identification is met. Meanwhile, in remote sensing and reconnaissance applications, infrared and visible mutual auxiliary identification is often needed, and the detection spectral range of the load needs to be expanded to a wave infrared band. The combination of imaging technology and spectrum technology has become an important technical means in the research fields of earth observation, climate change, national defense safety and the like. The loaded telescope optical system usually adopts an on-axis two-catadioptric structure, an on-axis three-mirror structure and an off-axis three-mirror structure.
The main problems of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the function is single, or the imaging and the spectral imaging function are separated and are realized by a plurality of loads.
(2) The telescope adopts an off-axis three-mirror structure, the size and the volume of an optical path of the telescope are overlarge, the telescope has asymmetry, and the requirement on resources of a satellite platform is high.
(3) The telescope adopts coaxial three-mirror structure, and panchromatic imaging channel and a plurality of high spectrum passageway sharing three-mirror structure, and each passageway can not realize different focal length and telecentric optical path design, and non-telecentric to spectrometer design and debugging to and the butt joint between spectrum appearance and the telescope, can introduce multidimension angular rotation, is unfavorable for long slit high spectrum design and realization.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up the defects of the prior art and provides a multifunctional main optical system design.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: and field distribution is required according to the spatial resolution requirement and the structural layout, a coaxial three-mirror telescope of a panchromatic imaging channel is preferentially designed, a shared primary mirror 1 and a shared secondary mirror 2 are reserved, and a five-mirror telecentric light path design of a hyperspectral channel is carried out.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the optical path of the multifunctional primary optical system of the present invention. The optical system comprises a panchromatic imaging channel and a hyperspectral channel and consists of a shared main mirror 1, a shared secondary mirror 2, a panchromatic first turning mirror 3, a panchromatic third mirror 4, a panchromatic second turning mirror 5, a hyperspectral first turning mirror 6, a hyperspectral second turning mirror 7, a hyperspectral third mirror 8, a hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and a hyperspectral fifth mirror 10.
The light rays converge at the middle image surface after passing through the shared primary mirror 1 and the shared secondary mirror 2, and the light rays of the panchromatic imaging view field pass through the panchromatic first turning mirror 3 to the panchromatic third mirror 4 and then are reflected by the panchromatic second turning mirror 5 to reach the panchromatic imaging channel image surface; light rays of the hyperspectral field of view pass through the hyperspectral first turning mirror 6 and the hyperspectral second turning mirror 7 and then are reflected by the hyperspectral third mirror 8, the hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and the hyperspectral fifth mirror 10 in sequence to reach a hyperspectral channel image surface. The shared optical element is a shared primary mirror 1 and a shared secondary mirror 2 which are of a coaxial structure, the shared primary mirror 1 is a concave aspheric surface, and the shared secondary mirror 2 is a convex aspheric surface; the aperture diaphragm is arranged at the position of the shared primary mirror 1, an intermediate image surface is arranged behind the shared primary mirror 1 and the shared secondary mirror 2, and space field division of a full-color imaging channel and a hyperspectral channel is carried out near the intermediate image surface.
The panchromatic channel telescope adopts a coaxial three-mirror structure, and the hyperspectral channel telescope adopts a five-mirror structure. The full-color imaging channel and the hyperspectral channel are used for carrying out light path turning and structural layout by utilizing the plane turning mirror.
Generally, the requirement on the spatial resolution of a full-color imaging channel is highest, a view field close to the center is selected as the view field used by the full-color imaging channel, a telescope is designed according to an image quality evaluation function of the channel, a coaxial three-reflection mode with a middle image plane is adopted, an exit pupil is located at a certain distance in front of the image plane, and the image space is not telecentric. The shared primary mirror 1, the shared secondary mirror 2 and the full-color three-mirror 4 are respectively a concave aspheric surface, a convex aspheric surface and a concave aspheric surface, the shared primary mirror 1 and the shared secondary mirror 2 are coaxially used, and the full-color three-mirror 4 is off-axis used.
The hyperspectral imaging channel is characterized in that a hyperspectral third mirror 8, a hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and a hyperspectral fifth mirror 10 are added on the basis of a shared primary mirror 1 and a shared secondary mirror 2 of a panchromatic imaging channel, the design of a five-mirror telescope is carried out by image space telecentric and image quality evaluation functions, the hyperspectral third mirror 8, the hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and the hyperspectral fifth mirror 10 are used in an off-axis mode, and the surface types of the hyperspectral third mirror 8, the hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and the hyperspectral fifth mirror 10 are respectively a concave aspheric. The telescope is an image space telecentric optical path structure, and is beneficial to a rear object space telecentric spectrometer to carry out hyperspectral imaging.
Due to the use of the technical scheme, the multifunctional main optical system has the advantages that: the optical system can be used as a telescopic objective lens for high-resolution imaging and hyperspectral imaging; the main body of the system is a rotational symmetric coaxial structure, which is beneficial to the overall structural design of the system; the field separation is carried out near the middle image surface of the telescope, which is beneficial to the design of different resolutions of each channel, the structural layout at the rear part, the infrared refrigeration design and the like; the telescope design is carried out by a high-resolution imaging channel, the image quality can be ensured, the exit pupil of the imaging channel is in a certain distance in front of the focus, and an infrared imaging channel can also be added, so that the design of infrared cold screen matching is facilitated; the telescope of the hyperspectral channel is of a five-mirror structure, and the image space is telecentric, so that the design of a spectrograph and the butt joint of the spectrograph and the telescope are facilitated; if a plurality of hyperspectral channels or other laser channels are required, the visual fields and the structures are reasonably distributed, and more channels with different visual fields can be designed after the lens is shared.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a yz view of a schematic optical path diagram of the multifunctional primary optical system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an xz view of the optical path schematic of the multifunctional primary optical system of the present invention.
In the figure: the hyperspectral imager comprises a main shared mirror 1, a secondary shared mirror 2, a panchromatic first turning mirror 3, a panchromatic third mirror 4, a panchromatic second turning mirror 5, a hyperspectral first turning mirror 6, a hyperspectral second turning mirror 7, a hyperspectral third mirror 8, a hyperspectral fourth mirror 9 and a hyperspectral fifth mirror 10.
Detailed Description
A preferred embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1:
the optical design criteria for the multifunctional primary optical system are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Parameter(s) | Full color imaging channel | Infrared high spectrum instrumentRoad |
| Working spectrum (mum) | 0.4-0.76 | 0.9-2.5 |
| Breadth (km @500km) | 16 | 16 |
| Spatial resolution (m @500km) | 0.5 | 4 |
A panchromatic imaging channel is designed by adopting coaxial three-reflection, and a primary mirror and a secondary mirror are shared to design a telecentric five-reflection hyperspectral channel. The pixel size of a full-color detector is 10 mu m multiplied by 10 mu m, the pixel size of a hyperspectral detector is 30 mu m multiplied by 30 mu m, and the slit length is 89.8 mm. The detector chips are spliced in a delta shape, and the requirement on the field of view along the track is 0.1 degree. The system parameters are listed in table 2.
TABLE 2
| Parameter(s) | Full color imaging channel | Infrared hyperspectral channel |
| Caliber (mm) | 1500 | 1500 |
| Through-orbit field of view | 0.92° | 0.92° |
| Field of view along the rail | 0.45°/0.35° | 0.85°/0.75° |
| Focal length | 14000mm | 52500mm |
| Instantaneous field of view | 0.714μrad | 5.714μrad |
| F number | 9.33 | 3.50 |
The design parameters are listed in table 3.
TABLE 3
The design point charts of the full-color imaging channel are all within the Airy spots, the MTF of the full field of view of the optical transfer function is close to a diffraction limited value at the Nyquist frequency, and the exit pupil is at a limited distance in front of the focal plane of the telescope. A telescope of the infrared hyperspectral channel adopts a five-mirror structure, an optical transfer function full field of view MTF is close to a diffraction limited value at a Nyquist frequency, and an image space is telecentric.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional main optical system, includes panchromatic imaging channel and high spectrum passageway, by sharing primary mirror (1), sharing secondary mirror (2), the first turning mirror of panchromatic (3), three mirrors of panchromatic (4), panchromatic second turning mirror (5), high spectrum first turning mirror (6), high spectrum second turning mirror (7), high spectrum three mirrors (8), high spectrum four mirrors (9), high spectrum five mirrors (10) constitute, its characterized in that:
the light rays converge at the middle image plane after passing through the shared primary mirror (1) and the shared secondary mirror (2), and the light rays of the panchromatic imaging view field pass through the panchromatic first turning mirror (3) to the panchromatic third mirror (4) and then are reflected by the panchromatic second turning mirror (5) to reach the image plane of the panchromatic imaging channel; light rays of the hyperspectral field of view pass through a hyperspectral first turning mirror (6) and a hyperspectral second turning mirror (7), and then are reflected by a hyperspectral third mirror (8), a hyperspectral fourth mirror (9) and a hyperspectral fifth mirror (10) in sequence to reach a hyperspectral channel image surface; the shared optical element is a shared primary mirror (1) and a shared secondary mirror (2) which are of a coaxial structure, the shared primary mirror (1) is a concave aspheric surface, and the shared secondary mirror (2) is a convex aspheric surface; the aperture diaphragm is arranged at the position of the shared primary mirror (1), an intermediate image surface is arranged behind the shared primary mirror (1) and the shared secondary mirror (2), and space field division of a full-color imaging channel and a hyperspectral channel is carried out near the intermediate image surface.
2. A multifunctional primary optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the panchromatic imaging channel is of a non-telecentric coaxial three-reflection structure at an image space, the exit pupil is in a certain distance in front of the image surface, the panchromatic three mirrors (4) are off-axis concave aspheric surfaces, and the panchromatic first turning mirror (3) and the panchromatic second turning mirror (5) play a role of a turning light path.
3. A multifunctional primary optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the hyperspectral mirror is of an image space telecentric five-mirror structure, the hyperspectral third mirror (8), the hyperspectral fourth mirror (9) and the hyperspectral fifth mirror (10) are respectively an off-axis concave aspheric surface, an off-axis convex aspheric surface and an off-axis concave aspheric surface, and the hyperspectral first turning mirror (6) and the hyperspectral second turning mirror (7) play a role in turning a refraction path.
4. A method of designing a multifunctional primary optical system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the method is as follows
And field distribution is required according to the spatial resolution requirement and the structural layout, a coaxial three-mirror telescope of a panchromatic imaging channel is preferentially designed, a shared primary mirror (1) and a shared secondary mirror (2) are reserved, and a five-mirror telecentric light path design of a hyperspectral channel is carried out.
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| US20100238440A1 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-23 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration, Inc. (Delaware Corp.) | Airborne hyperspectral imaging system |
| CN102538965A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 西安工业大学 | Optical system and design method for large caliber grating imaging spectrometer |
| CN103969815A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Small lightweight long-focus distortion elimination coaxial total-reflection space camera optical system |
| CN105181137A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Broadband high spectral resolution imaging system for foundation-to-moon observation |
| CN110186564A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of full spectral coverage bloom spectrum loading high stability detection system of heavy caliber |
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2019
- 2019-11-11 CN CN201911093494.1A patent/CN111308679A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20100238440A1 (en) * | 2009-03-17 | 2010-09-23 | Bae Systems Information And Electronic Systems Integration, Inc. (Delaware Corp.) | Airborne hyperspectral imaging system |
| CN102538965A (en) * | 2012-01-17 | 2012-07-04 | 西安工业大学 | Optical system and design method for large caliber grating imaging spectrometer |
| CN103969815A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-06 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Small lightweight long-focus distortion elimination coaxial total-reflection space camera optical system |
| CN105181137A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2015-12-23 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Broadband high spectral resolution imaging system for foundation-to-moon observation |
| CN110186564A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-08-30 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of full spectral coverage bloom spectrum loading high stability detection system of heavy caliber |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |