CN111297963B

CN111297963B - Extract and composition for dispelling effects of alcohol and protecting liver as well as preparation method and application of extract and composition

Info

Publication number: CN111297963B
Application number: CN202010279885.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周春晖; 段迪; 李静; 范瑞; 李平凡; 龙叶峰; 冯柏创; 洪涵熠
Original assignee: Guangdong Industry Technical College
Current assignee: Wang Xianfu
Priority date: 2020-04-10
Filing date: 2020-04-10
Publication date: 2021-11-26
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-10
Also published as: CN111297963A

Abstract

The invention discloses an extract and a composition for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver, and a preparation method and application thereof. The extract is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 200-300 parts of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts of Wannian liquorice and 150-250 parts of dark plum. The composition provided by the invention comprises an extract for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver, glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin, and has the advantages of good safety and homology of medicine and food and nutrients. The extract and the composition provided by the invention are natural and safe, have no side effect, have excellent effects of dispelling the effects of alcohol and protecting liver, and overcome the defect that the products on the market have unobvious side effects or effects.

Description

Extract and composition for dispelling effects of alcohol and protecting liver as well as preparation method and application of extract and composition

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of health-care food, and particularly relates to an extract and a composition for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver, as well as a preparation method and application of the extract and the composition.

Background

Wine culture is one of indispensable activities of traditional culture in China, from ancient times to present, Chinese people like drinking wine, no wine is in place, and drinking in commercial society is more inevitable. In the modern medical research report, it is found that a great deal of alcohol drinking has different degrees of damage to the digestive system and the endocrine system of a human body, and excessive alcohol drinking can reduce the blood purifying capacity of the liver, so that the toxin in the body is increased, and liver injury, even hepatotoxicity, hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, are induced. The liver can be injured when more than two cups (25 ml) of high-concentration wine are drunk every day, and the liver of the people is heavily burdened due to unhealthy life style of modern people, excessive working pressure, drug abuse and the like. Medical data shows that sleeping late can influence the normal metabolism of the liver to a certain extent and influence the normal exertion of the liver function. The medical mode of human beings gradually changes from 'treatment medical type' to 'disease prevention health care type', the health requirements of people gradually change from a treatment scheme to a 'preventive treatment' health care scheme, and the unprecedented development opportunity is brought to the development of high-quality and strong-function health care products for dispelling the effects of alcohol and protecting the liver.

At present, various sobering or liver-protecting products exist in the market, but no brand with absolute influence exists, and the main reasons for the defects of the products are as follows: (1) the raw materials with poor safety are used in the product formula design, and certain side effects are caused; (2) the product has weak efficacy, and part of the products have certain liver protection effect but have no obvious sobering effect; (3) most of the products are liquid beverages or solid granules, the flavor acceptability is poor, and the carrying and the taking are inconvenient.

Therefore, there is a need to research a product with better effect, higher safety and convenient carrying and taking.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide the extract for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing the above extract. It is composed of medicine and food homology and nutrient, and has the advantage of good safety.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method and application of the composition for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver.

The invention also aims to provide the anti-alcoholism liver-protecting buccal tablet which has good mouthfeel and is convenient to carry and take, and comprises the anti-alcoholism liver-protecting composition.

The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

an extract for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 200-300 parts of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts of Wannian liquorice and 150-250 parts of dark plum.

The preparation method of the alcohol-dispelling and liver-protecting extract comprises the following steps: mixing Ganoderma, WANNIANTAO, mume fructus and water, ultrasonic extracting, and concentrating the obtained extractive solution to obtain extract, i.e. the extract for relieving hangover and protecting liver.

The glossy ganoderma and the dark plum are preferably extracted after being crushed.

The Wannian licorice is preferably washed clean and then used for extraction. The amount of the water is a material mixture formed by fully soaking the ganoderma lucidum, the perpetual liquorice and the dark plum; the preferable quality is 7-12 times of the quality of a material mixture formed by ganoderma lucidum, Wannian licorice and dark plum.

The conditions for the ultrasonic extraction are preferably as follows: the power is 400w, and the extraction temperature is 70-90 ℃.

The extraction times are preferably 2 times; the method comprises the following specific steps: the amount of water for the first extraction is 10-12 times of the mass of a material mixture formed by the lucid ganoderma, the everlasting orange and the dark plum, the extraction is carried out for 1.5-2.5 hours, and solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain liquid A; adding water which is 7-9 times of the mass of the material mixture into the solid obtained by separation for secondary extraction for 0.5-1.5 hours, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain liquid B; and combining the liquid A and the liquid B to obtain an extracting solution.

The first extraction is preferably as follows: the amount of water is 10 times of the mass of the mixture of the ganoderma lucidum, the panacea bambusae and the dark plum, and the extraction is carried out for 2 hours.

The second extraction is preferably as follows: the amount of water is 8 times of the mass of the material mixture, and the extraction is carried out for 1 hour.

The extract is centrifuged before concentration to remove impurities.

The centrifugation conditions are preferably 2000-4000 rpm and 7-15 minutes; more preferably 3000 rpm, and centrifuged for 10 min.

The concentration is preferably carried out in vacuum.

The vacuum concentration conditions are preferably as follows: the temperature is 65-75 ℃, and the vacuum pressure is 0.05-0.1 MPa; more preferably as follows: the temperature is 70 ℃, and the vacuum pressure is 0.06 MPa-0.08 MPa.

The concentration degree is preferably 2-5 g of a material mixture formed by ganoderma lucidum, panacea and dark plum in each g of extract; more preferably, each g of the extract is 3-4 g of a material mixture formed by ganoderma lucidum, panacea bambusae and dark plum.

A composition for relieving hangover and protecting liver comprises extract for relieving hangover and protecting liver, glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin; the composition preferably comprises the following components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of glutathione, 20-40 parts of vitamin C, 10-30 parts of lactoferrin, and an alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting extract prepared from 200-300 parts by mass of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts by mass of panacea and 150-250 parts by mass of dark plum.

The dosage of the alcohol-dispelling and liver-protecting extract is preferably 160-200 parts by mass; more preferably 180 parts by mass.

Each gram of the alcohol-dispelling and liver-protecting extract is 2-5 g of the materials consisting of lucid ganoderma, everlasting licorice and dark plum fruit; preferably 3-4 g of the materials which are equivalent to the ganoderma lucidum, the Wannian licorice and the dark plum.

The preparation method of the anti-alcohol and liver-protecting composition is to compound the anti-alcohol and liver-protecting extract, glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin.

The anti-alcoholism liver-protecting composition is applied to preparing an anti-alcoholism liver-protecting preparation.

An anti-hangover and hepatoprotective preparation comprises adjuvants and the above composition.

The auxiliary materials are used for assisting the hangover-alleviating and liver-protecting composition to be prepared into different dosages including but not limited to tablets, powder, granules and capsules.

The tablet is preferably a buccal tablet.

A buccal tablet for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver comprises 30-50 parts by mass of the composition for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver, 10-30 parts by mass of D-mannitol, 1-3 parts by mass of L-malic acid and 2-4 parts by mass of magnesium stearate; the beverage comprises 30-50 parts of glutathione, 20-40 parts of vitamin C, 10-30 parts of lactoferrin, 30-50 parts of sucrose, 10-30 parts of D-mannitol, 1-3 parts of L-malic acid and 2-4 parts of magnesium stearate, wherein the extract is an alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting extract prepared from 200-300 parts of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts of panada japonica and 150-250 parts of dark plum by mass. The preparation method of the alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting buccal tablet comprises the following steps:

(A) adding sucrose, L-malic acid, magnesium stearate and D-mannitol into the extract for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver, mixing, granulating, oven drying, and finishing to obtain dry granule;

(B) and mixing glutathione, vitamin C, lactoferrin and the dry granules uniformly, and tabletting to obtain the anti-alcohol liver-protecting buccal tablet.

The granulation in step (a) is preferably granulation by a high efficiency wet granulator.

The drying degree in the step (A) is preferably to be dried to a moisture content of 3% to 5%.

The finishing described in step (a) is preferably carried out by means of a 30-mesh swing granulator.

The blending in the step (B) is preferably blending by a three-dimensional mixer.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:

(1) the invention selects safe raw materials, wherein the ganoderma lucidum is edible fungi, and the everlasting sweet and the dark plum are often brewed and drunk as tea. The extractive solution obtained by extracting Ganoderma, WANNIANLANG, and mume fructus contains abundant natural plant bioactive substances such as polysaccharide, flavone, polyphenol, and organic acid. The inventor finds that the ganoderma lucidum, the Wannianmgan and the dark plum are matched for use, so that the synergistic effect is achieved. And glutathione, vitamin C, lactoferrin and other nutrients are combined to obtain the anti-alcohol and liver-protecting composition, which is natural, safe, free of side effects and excellent in anti-alcohol and liver-protecting effects. The invention designs a reasonable formula by combining the traditional Chinese medicine theory and the modern nutriology theory, has complementary nutrition and synergistic interaction, does not add artificial spice, synthetic pigment or preservative in the preparation process of the product, and overcomes the defect of unobvious side effect or efficacy of the product in the market.

(2) The invention scientifically controls the material characteristics and the proportion of the main material and the auxiliary materials (sucrose, D-mannitol, L-malic acid and magnesium stearate), has the advantages of proper product and appearance, novel taste and unique flavor, and the tabletting size of the final product can be adjusted according to the requirement, so the tablet is convenient to take and carry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an analysis chart of antioxidant activity of extracts 1 to 7.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of the activation rate of ethanol dehydrogenase by extracts 1 to 7; wherein 1-7 in the figure correspond to 1-7 of the extracts respectively.

Figure 3 is a graph of alcohol content in exhaled breath over time.

FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of a histopathological examination of the liver; wherein the magnification is 200 times.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 preparation of alcohol-neutralizing and liver-protecting extract (extract).

(1) An anti-hangover and hepatoprotective extract was prepared as in table 1:

TABLE 1 (units are parts by mass)

Composition	Extract	1	Extract 2	Extract 3	Extract 4	Extract 5	Extract 6	Extract 7
									Glossy ganoderma	200	250	300	500	--	350	350
Perpetual sweet	250	150	200	--	500	--	--
								Dark plum fruit	200	250	150	150	150	150	150
Kudzu root	--	--	--	--	--	150	--
								Licorice root, radix Glycyrrhizae	--	--	--	--	--	--	150

The preparation method comprises the following steps: three raw materials of ganoderma lucidum, Wannianman and ebony are prepared according to the table 1, matched and mixed after being processed. The mixture was loaded into an ultrasonic assisted extraction tank. Injecting 10 times of water into the ultrasonic-assisted extraction tank for the first time, extracting for 2.0 hours for the first time, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the material mixture in the extraction tank after the first extraction, and discharging the first extracting solution for later use; injecting water 8 times of the material mixture into the ultrasonic-assisted extraction tank for the second time, extracting for 1.0 hour for the second time, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the material mixture in the extraction tank after the second extraction, and discharging the second extracting solution; in the extraction process, the ultrasonic power is 400w, and the extraction temperature is 90 ℃. Mixing the first extractive solution and the second extractive solution, centrifuging at 3000r/min for 10min, and removing impurities. Then concentrating under vacuum (0.06 MPa-0.08 MPa) at 70 ℃ to obtain 180 parts by mass of extract.

The effects of the embodiment are as follows:

(1) measurement of hydroxyl radical scavenging ability

The method comprises the following steps: preparing each extract into a series of concentrations of 0.2mg/mL, 0.6mg/mL, 0.8mg/mL, 1.0mg/mL, 2.0mg/mL and 2.5mg/mL, accurately sucking 1mL of sample solution with different concentrations by referring to the measurement methods of neyman and the like, and respectively adding 1mL of FeSO with the concentration of 6mmol/L₄Solution and 1mL of 6mmol/L H₂O₂Shaking the solution, standing for 10min, adding 1mL of 6mmol/L salicylic acid solution, shaking, standing for 30min, and measuring absorbance at 510nm with ultraviolet spectrophotometer with distilled water as reference. Calculating hydroxyl radical clearance rate:

in the formula: x₂Hydroxyl radical clearance (%); a. the₀Blank control absorbance (distilled water instead of sample solution); a. the_iIs the absorbance value of the added sample liquid. The hydroxyl radical elimination rate of each extract at different concentrations is shown in figure 1. As can be seen from the results shown in FIG. 1, the antioxidant capacity of the mixture for protecting liver and sobering up prepared by the extracts 1-3 of the embodiment of the method of the invention is higher than that of the extracts 4-5 (two-by-two combination of three raw materials of ganoderma lucidum, panannamomum and dark plum) and the comparative examples 6-7 (the control raw material of kudzu root or licorice root is compounded by ganoderma lucidum and dark plum). Therefore, the scientific combination of the three raw materials of the lucid ganoderma, the perpetual liquorice and the dark plum has the synergistic effect.

(2) Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) Activity analysis

Using a Valer-Hoh (Valle)&Hoch) method and a slight 7 modification, the activity of Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) was determined. 1.5mL of 27mmol/L oxidized coenzyme I (NAD) was added to the measurement tube in the form of a buffer solution of sodium pyrophosphate having a pH of 8.8⁺)1.0mL, 11.5% (v/v) ethanol solution 0.5mL, 0.5mg/mL example 1-7 product solution (extract diluted with water) 0.1mL, mixing, placing into 25 deg.C water bath kettle, covering and incubating for 5min, adding ADH (0.25U/mL)0.1mL immediately after incubation, shaking, and measuring its absorbance (A) with spectrophotometer immediately_340nm) The value is obtained. The subsequent readings were taken every 10s for 5min and the initial linear portion of the reaction was plotted and zeroed using 0.5mL of distilled water instead of 0.5mL of 11.5% (v/v) ethanol solution as a referenceThe enzyme activity of the ADH in the control group was measured by replacing 0.1mL of the product solution with 0.1mL of distilled water.

With A_340nmPlotting time, taking the initial linear part of the reaction, calculating Delta A_340nmThe value of/10 s, calculated as the molar extinction coefficient of the product NADH at 340nm being 6.2, is the unit of ADH activity. ADH activity is expressed in nanomoles of NADH produced per minute (nmol/min). The activation rate was calculated as follows:

as shown in the figure 2, the sobering-up and liver-protecting mixture prepared by the extract 1-3 of the embodiment of the invention has the effect of enhancing the activity of Alcohol Dehydrogenase (ADH) which is obviously higher than that of the extract 4-5 (prepared by combining two of three raw materials of lucid ganoderma, Wannian licorice and dark plum) and the comparative examples 6-7 (prepared by compounding lucid ganoderma and dark plum with the control raw material of kudzu root or licorice). Therefore, the scientific combination of the three raw materials of the lucid ganoderma, the perpetual liquorice and the dark plum has the synergistic effect.

Example 2 preparation of anti-hangover and hepatoprotective composition

(1) The anti-hangover and hepatoprotective extracts were prepared as in table 2:

TABLE 2 (units are parts by mass)

Composition	Composition	1	Composition 2	Composition 3	Comparative product 1	Comparative product 2
							Extract 3 (extractum)	180	180	180	180	--
Glutathione	30	50	40	--	50
						Vitamin C	30	20	40	--	20
Lactoferrin	30	20	10	--	20

The preparation method comprises the following steps: the raw materials were prepared and mixed uniformly as shown in table 2.

The effects of the embodiment are as follows:

human body experiment for detecting alcohol concentration in drunk respiratory gas

The participants: 30 men aged 25-40 years, with an average age of 32 years.

Experimental arrangement: the detection samples are compositions 1-3 and comparison products 1-2, and after each product is tested by participators, the next experiment is carried out every 3 days, and meanwhile, a control group is arranged for 10 experiments. The method comprises the following specific steps: during lunch, a test sample is swallowed 30min before drinking (composition 1-3 is 1.8g of extract (extractum) and 900mg of glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin mixture; contrast 1 is 1.8g of extract (extractum) and contrast 2 is 900mg of glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin mixture), and a person drinks 3-two 52-degree white spirit (one hundred years of paste) within 40 minutes. After drinking, a breathing alcohol detector is adopted to respectively detect the alcohol content in the breath of a drinker at different times within 4h, and the average value is taken as the result. The test 1-5 groups are respectively the composition 1-3 and the contrast 1-2 swallowed 30min before drinking, and the control group is the group without any other sobering-up and liver-protecting product.

The results are shown in FIG. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the compositions 1-3 in the embodiment of the method can obviously promote alcohol metabolism in vivo after drinking and reduce the alcohol concentration in blood compared with the comparison products 1-2. Therefore, the preparation method of the invention adopts the combination of the extracted ganoderma lucidum, the Wannian licorice and the dark plum as well as the glutathione, the vitamin C and the lactoferrin, and has obvious synergistic effect.

Example 3 preparation of lozenge for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver

(1) A buccal tablet for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver prepared according to Table 3

TABLE 3

Group of	Extract 3	Glutathione	Vitamin C	Lactoferrin	Sucrose	D-mannitol	L-malic acid	Magnesium stearate
									Buccal tablet
1	180	50	20	20	30	30	1	4
									Buccal tablet 2	180	50	20	20	50	10	3	2
Buccal tablet 3	180	50	20	20	40	20	2	3

The preparation method comprises the following steps: adding adjuvants such as sucrose, L-malic acid, magnesium stearate, and D-mannitol into extract 3, granulating in high-efficiency wet granulator, oven drying until water content is 3.0%, and granulating in 30-mesh swing granulator to obtain dry granule. Glutathione, vitamin C and lactoferrin are weighed and put into a three-dimensional mixer to be mixed with the prepared dry particles uniformly, and then tabletting is carried out to obtain the alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting buccal tablet, wherein the tablet weight is 1.25 g/tablet. Sensory evaluation is shown in table 4:

TABLE 4

The best effect example (buccal tablet 3) is applied to the experiment of the ethanol acute liver injury liver cell steatosis animal.

Experimental materials and methods:

1. positive control for liver injury: absolute ethanol (analytically pure), and distilled water is used for preparing a 50% ethanol solution during the test.

2. Test animals: the weight of a healthy SPF-level Kunming mouse provided by Guangdong medical experimental animal center is 18-22 g.

3. The test method comprises the following steps: male Kunming mice were 50, and were randomly divided into five groups of 10 mice each, 3 days after acclimation. The dosage design is that 5 times, 10 times and 30 times of the daily intake (0.0417g/kg. bw alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting buccal tablet, namely 2 tablets per day) of each person are respectively provided with a low dosage, a medium dosage and a high dosage, namely 0.208g/kg.bw, 0.417g/kg.bw and 1.25g/kg.bw, and meanwhile, a negative control group and a 5600mg/kg.bw ethanol positive control group are provided. Respectively weighing the alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting buccal tablets (firstly pounding the buccal tablets) to be 1.04g, 2.08g and 6.25g, diluting with distilled water and fixing the volume to 100 ml. Animals of each dose group were orally administered with gavage once a day, the gavage amount was 0.2ml/l0g.bw, and the negative control group and the positive control group were given equal volume of distilled water. The administration amount is adjusted according to the weight of the patient after continuously gavage for 32 days and weighing 1 time every 4 days. Mice in the three dose groups and the positive control group on the 32 th day are all filled with 50% (V/V) ethanol 0.14ml/10g.bw, the animals are sacrificed after being fasted for 16 hours, the left leaves of the liver are taken as cross sections, frozen sections are prepared, Sudan III is stained, hematoxylin is used for counterstaining cell nucleuses and mounting, and the distribution range and the area of lipid drops in the liver are observed.

4, data processing: one-way ANOVA analysis and Dunnet test were performed on the data with SPSS 13.0 statistical software, and rank-sum test was performed with SAS 8.1. The test level α is 0.05.

Second, the result of histopathological examination of liver

Taking a cross section from the middle part of the left lobe of the liver, preparing a frozen section, staining Sudan III, counterstaining cell nuclei with hematoxylin, sealing with glycerol gelatin, and observing the distribution range and area of lipid drops in the liver. Negative control group: the liver is basically normal; positive control group: all animals showed liver cell steatosis, and compared with the negative control group, the animals had statistical difference (P is less than 0.01); and the low, medium and high dose groups have statistical difference (P is less than 0.01) compared with the positive control group. The results are shown in Table 5. A representative liver pathology section is shown in figure 4.

TABLE 5 influence of the buccal tablet on the distribution of lipid drops in liver

Comparison with positive control group: p <0.01

Hepatic cell steatosis scoring criteria:

the results in fig. 4 and table 5 show that the pathological examination of the three dose groups showed a significant decrease in hepatocyte steatosis (P <0.01) compared to the positive control group.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only for convenience of description, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and those skilled in the art will understand that the technical features of the present invention can be modified or changed by other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The alcohol-dispelling and liver-protecting extract is characterized by being prepared from the following components in parts by mass: 200-300 parts of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts of Wannian liquorice and 150-250 parts of dark plum; wherein the extraction solvent is water.

2. The process for preparing an extract for neutralizing the effect of alcoholic drinks and protecting the liver as claimed in claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of: mixing Ganoderma, WANNIANTAO, mume fructus and water, ultrasonic extracting, and concentrating the obtained extractive solution to obtain extract, i.e. the extract for relieving hangover and protecting liver.

3. The preparation method of the extract for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver according to claim 2, wherein: the extract is centrifuged before concentration to remove impurities.

4. The method for preparing an extract for alleviating hangover and protecting liver according to claim 2 or 3, wherein:

the amount of the water is a material mixture formed by fully soaking the ganoderma lucidum, the perpetual liquorice and the dark plum;

the ultrasonic extraction conditions are as follows: the power is 400w, and the extraction temperature is 70-90 ℃;

the concentration mode is vacuum concentration.

5. The composition for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: 30-50 parts of glutathione, 20-40 parts of vitamin C, 10-30 parts of lactoferrin, and an alcohol-relieving and liver-protecting extract prepared from 200-300 parts by mass of lucid ganoderma, 150-250 parts by mass of panacea and 150-250 parts by mass of dark plum.

6. The use of the anti-hangover and hepatoprotective composition of claim 5 in the preparation of an anti-hangover and hepatoprotective formulation.

7. A preparation for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver is characterized in that: the anti-alcoholism and liver-protecting composition of claim 5 and adjuvants.

8. The buccal tablet for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by mass: the hangover-alleviating and liver-protecting composition according to claim 5, 30 to 50 parts by mass of sucrose, 10 to 30 parts by mass of D-mannitol, 1 to 3 parts by mass of L-malic acid, and 2 to 4 parts by mass of magnesium stearate.

9. The preparation method of the buccal tablet for relieving alcoholism and protecting liver as claimed in claim 8, is characterized by comprising the following steps: