CN111296843A - 抗疲劳、运动型益生菌 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，属于益生菌相关食品领域。它包括包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA,所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA有效量为每日补充50亿～500亿，即5*109 cfu/day～5*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克～4.6克BCAA。本发明主要提供长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA用于制备改善身体组成、提升身体机能或降低运动后疲劳之组合物的用途；改善身体组成包含增加肌肉量或减少脂肪囤积；提升身体机能系提升运动能力；该运动能力包含肌力、肌耐力；降低运动后疲劳系数也就是降低运动后肌肉组织间损伤或发炎；增加运动后组织肝醣含量或减少肌肉损伤；降低运动后血液中乳酸浓度、血氨浓度或肌酸磷酸激酶活性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，属于益生菌相关食品领域。
背景技术
随着科学的进展，人类对于微生物如何影响人体消化、免疫、代谢、甚至精神面貌有越来越多的理解(Orich CS et al.,2016)；其中益生菌是一类对人体有帮助的微生物菌群，适当的食用对于人体健康有正面助益 (Dinan TG et al.,2013)。大量研究报告指出肠道微生物或益生菌对一些耐力极度优异的运动选手(如马拉松)或是职业球员(如英式橄榄球选手) 具有积极正面的贡献(Clarke et al.,2014；Hawley,2019)。
研究证实长双岐乳杆菌，Bifidobacterium longum OLP-01是一株耐胃酸胆盐的益生菌，小鼠连续4周补充OLP-01，可提升前肢爆发力、有氧运动表现与抗氧化能力、增加肝醣储存量、提高肌酸激酶的表达来减低运动伤害、以及增加经过运动挑战后代谢物排除之能力，进而达到改善运动表现及消除疲劳等生物活性功效(Lee et al.,2019)。
随着运动产业的蓬勃发展，规律的运动训练已非运动员所专属，规律的运动训练已经普及化，一般体能锻炼者除了想增强运动表现外，更希望能够提升肌肉量及基础代谢率，进而锻炼出一个健康且强壮的身体。肌肉合成主要是依靠必需胺基酸混合物或分离的蛋白质(Butteiger et al.,2013)，因此许多体能锻炼者在运动后都会补充胺基酸补充剂，以弥补运动中所造成的蛋白质流失及补足饮食中蛋白质摄取量的不足。
目前市面上常用的运动后胺基酸补充剂多为精胺酸，因为大部分的人认为精胺酸可以增加一氧化氮含量进而促进血管舒张，故精胺酸为市场上胺基酸补充剂的热门产品。然而，一则综述文献指出，补充精胺酸(不论是单独或与咖啡因、肌酸或两者联合使用)不能明显提升运动成绩或改善疲劳后恢复时间(Brooks JR,et al.,2016)。此外，精氨酸也不适合所有人食用，因为食用纯品精氨酸(1)可能增加胃酸分泌，对患有消化道溃疡或服用非类固醇类抗炎药物者不利；(2)可能提升血钾浓度，在某些情形下可能造成危险，不适用于肝肾功能异常者；(3)一则文献中的统合分析 (meta-analysis，包含11则随机对照试验)指出，针对年龄大于60岁、C 反应蛋白水平大于3mg/dl、并且使用肠内配方的癌症患者，服用精胺酸可能提升发炎指标：C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein)的数值(Fujitani K, etal.,2012)；因此提供一个可用于增加肌肉量及提升运动表现的胺基酸补充剂即为相关市场急欲解决的问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于：提供抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，它解决了可用于增加肌肉量及提升运动表现的胺基酸补充剂即为相关市场急欲解决的问题。
本发明所要解决的技术问题采取以下技术方案来实现：
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA,所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA有效量为每日补充50亿～500亿，即5*109cfu/day～5*1010cfu/day 的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克～4.6克BCAA。
作为优选实例，所述BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
作为优选实例，所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充100 亿，即1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克BCAA。
作为优选实例，所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA可进一步包括药学上可接受的载剂、赋形剂或稀释剂；并可进一步制成流体乳品、浓缩牛奶、优酪乳、酸乳、冷冻优格、乳杆菌发酵饮料、奶粉、冰淇淋、乳酪、干酪、豆浆、发酵豆浆、蔬果汁、果汁、运动饮料、甜点、果冻、糖果、婴儿食品、健康食品、动物饲料、中草药组合物或膳食补充品。
更进一步的，所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA可进一步与运动训练合并使用。
本发明的有益效果是：本发明主要提供长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA用于制备改善身体组成、提升身体机能或降低运动后疲劳之组合物的用途；改善身体组成包含增加肌肉量或减少脂肪囤积；提升身体机能系提升运动能力；该运动能力包含肌力、肌耐力；降低运动后疲劳系数也就是降低运动后肌肉组织间损伤或发炎；增加运动后组织肝醣含量或减少肌肉损伤；降低运动后血液中乳酸浓度、血氨浓度或肌酸磷酸激酶活性。
具体实施方式
为了对本发明的技术手段、创作特征、达成目的与功效易于明白了解，下面结合具体实施例，进一步阐述本发明。
实施例一
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充50亿，即5*109cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
实施例二
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充100亿，即1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.4克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
实施例三
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充200亿，即2*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.8克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
实施例四
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充300亿，即3*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日4.2克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
实施例五
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充400亿，即4*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日4.6克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
实施例六
抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA，且长双歧乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充500亿，即5*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日4.6克BCAA，且BCAA为白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
研究方法及进行步骤
请受试者维持正常的饮食型态，且于实验期间不得服用营养补充剂，且于运动测试及抽血前1周不得饮用酒精、优格、养乐多等益生菌相关产品例如及服用其他药物，以避免影响实验结果。采血前，受试者在实验前必须空腹至少8小时；且于各运动测试前3天避免从事训練以外的劳力活动。
(一)最大摄氧量(VO2max)测试
于实验开始前,测试1次作为日后固定强度运动测试及运动至力竭之标准。于适当位置贴上心电图电极片，连接至心电图机以测量心跳率。跑步运动可采用逐渐增加速度与坡度的方法直至力竭(exhaustion)，可参考表一所列：
于心跳率达每分钟170下时开始采气至力竭，收集到之气体经气体分析仪算出VO2max运动力竭判定的标准为下列三项，其中至少可达到二个：
(1)心跳率达到最大心跳率(最大心跳率＝220-年龄)。
(2)受试者呼吸交换率达1.1所分析到的最大摄氧量数值。
(3)受试者运动自觉量表达18以上。
表二：运动相关基础数据测定(心率、摄氧量和量表评分)
通过表二可知，随着补充剂量与组合逐步增加，受试者在跑步力竭测试系统中的最大耐力运动表现是所提升。
(二)运动能力测定
针对以下2种耐力运动能力测试，共3点评估方式进行：
1.固定强度与时间之耐力运动能力测试
(1)延缓运动期间疲劳之评估：以60％VO2max以上的强度于跑步机(或脚踏车)进行运动测试至少30分钟。运动期间每隔15分钟采气1分钟及记录心跳率，并于运动前(运动第0分钟)、运动期间(动第5、10、15分钟) 收集运、运动后(运动结束第0分钟)采血。
(2)促进运动后疲劳消除之评估：以60％VO2max以上的强度于跑步机(或脚踏车)进行运动测试至少30分钟，之后休息。于运动后开始记录心跳率，并于运动后(运动第0分钟)、休息期间(运动结束第20、40、60、120分钟)采血。
2.运动至力竭之耐力运动能力测定：85％VO2max耐力运动能力测试
(1)实验前受试者须空腹8小时以上，运动测试当天上午至实验室后空腹状态进行采血。
(2)于运动能力测试前，以60％VO2max之运动负荷进行5分钟60％VO2max之运动暖身，随后再以85％VO2max之运动负荷进行跑步机测试，运动过程监控并记录受试者之心跳率与自觉努力程度(Borg RPE量表)，直至受试者运动测试至力竭即停止运动，并记录受试者运动至力竭之时间。
(3)以85％VO2max之运动负荷及坡度依12％来设定速度，采用ACSM代谢当量计算公式，公式为：85％VO2max＝3.5+0.2x(速度)+[0.9x(速度)x0.12]，故85％VO2max＝3.5+0.038x(速度)。
表三：跑步距离测定
通过表三可知，在跑步力竭总距离(公尺)方面，随着补充剂量与组合逐步增加，个体的耐力跑步距离有所提升。
(三)评估指标
1.生理指标：以所收集之气体及测得之心跳率换算氧气律动(oxygen pulse)；氧气律动为氧气摄取量与心跳率之比值。
2.疲劳血液生化指标：测定血浆中(1)血氨(ammonia)、(2)血乳酸(lactic acid)、(3)血糖(glucose)、(4)尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen, BUN)等数值。
3.肌肉伤害血液生化指标：测定血浆中肌酸激酶(creatine kinase, CK)活性之数值。
表四：血液相关生化指标测试
通过表四可知，在跑步力竭后，采血分析的结果显示，个体的疲劳血液生化项目，血氨、血乳酸以及BUN浓度，是随着补充剂量与组合逐步增加而呈现减少，进而达到抗疲劳的效果；而运动诱发肌肉损伤方面的指标CK随着补充剂量与组合逐步增加而呈现减少，进而可达到预防急性运动后肌肉损伤的效果。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理和主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下，本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明范围内。本发明要求保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等效物界定。
Claims (4)
1.抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，其特征在于：包括长双岐乳杆菌和BCAA,所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA有效量为每日补充50亿～500亿，即5*109 cfu/day～5*1010cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克～4.6克BCAA。
2.根据权利要求1所述的抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，其特征在于：所述BCAA包括白胺酸、异白胺酸、缬胺酸中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，其特征在于：所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA的有效量为每日补充100亿，即1010 cfu/day的长双岐乳杆菌菌量和每日3.2克BCAA。
4.根据权利要求1所述的抗疲劳、运动型益生菌，其特征在于：所述长双岐乳杆菌合并BCAA可进一步包括药学上可接受的载剂、赋形剂或稀释剂；并可进一步制成流体乳品、浓缩牛奶、优酪乳、酸乳、冷冻优格、乳杆菌发酵饮料、奶粉、冰淇淋、乳酪、干酪、豆浆、发酵豆浆、蔬果汁、果汁、运动饮料、甜点、果冻、糖果、婴儿食品、健康食品、动物饲料、中草药组合物或膳食补充品。
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