CN111296833A - Drone pupa composite nutrition tablet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a drone pupa compound nutrition tablet, a preparation method and functions thereof, and belongs to the field of processing of bee products. The compound nutrition tablet is prepared from 15 parts of drone pupa freeze-dried powder, 2-3 parts of honey powder and 1 part of American ginseng powder according to the following weight ratio. The drone pupa compound nutrition tablet can be prepared by tabletting and has the function of relieving physical fatigue.

Description

Drone pupa composite nutrition tablet and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of bee product processing, in particular to a drone pupa compound nutrition tablet capable of relieving physical fatigue.

Background

Male pupa Apis refers to the metamorphosis period of bee larva after capping and before emergence. Drone pupae is nutritious, contains high protein, low fat, multiple vitamins and trace elements, and also contains multiple beneficial hormones. The nutritive value of drone pupa is not lower than that of bee pollen, especially the content of vitamin A is greatly higher than that of beef, protein is only next to cod liver oil, and vitamin D is 10 times higher than that of cod liver oil. The tested drone pupae have complete amino acid types, 18 amino acids which form human protein, 8 essential amino acids and histidine types and proper proportion. Contains complete mineral elements necessary for human body.

Modern medical science and technology thinks that drone pupa has good effects in the aspects of strengthening brain, improving intelligence, regulating nutrition metabolism, resisting aging, prolonging life, increasing immunity of organism, beautifying, tonifying kidney and strengthening yang, improving sexual function, resisting fatigue and the like.

With the gradual and intensive research on drone pupae at home and abroad, experiments prove that the drone pupae has incomparable effects on the aspects of resisting fatigue, enhancing immunity, promoting sleep, stimulating appetite and the like due to high protein, low fat, various vitamins and trace elements, chitin, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and steroid hormones.

The male bee pupa is mainly used as a food or an auxiliary raw material of health food in China, and the health food taking the male bee pupa as a main raw material is fresh. And because the drone pupae are easy to deteriorate due to the existence of tyrosinase in the drone pupae, the domestic yield of the drone pupae is not high all the time, and the drone pupae are discarded by bee farmers for a long time. Although the deterioration of bee pupae can be avoided by traditional pretreatment modes such as fumigation or wine soaking, partial nutrient substances in the bee pupae can be damaged; wu Haosu in 2016 discloses a processing method of drone pupa freeze-dried powder (application number: 201610554061.1), but the drone pupa freeze-dried powder is not further processed, so that the commercial value of the drone pupa freeze-dried powder is greatly reduced, and how to carry out next production treatment on the freeze-dried powder becomes a necessary subject for bee industry.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a drone pupa compound nutrition tablet and a preparation method thereof in view of the fact that related products of drone pupas in the current market are few in types, the drone pupa compound nutrition tablet reduces the nutrition loss in processing to the minimum, contains almost all nutrition of the drone pupas, is mixed with a small amount of American ginseng as an auxiliary material, is eaten with a small amount of honey-rich honey powder as a flavoring agent, a nutrition supplement and a binding agent frequently, has the effect of relieving physical fatigue, and has performed heavy swimming and liver glycogen animal experiments on mice.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a drone pupa compound nutrition tablet is prepared from the following raw materials: 15 parts of drone pupa freeze-dried powder, 2-3 parts of honey powder and 1 part of American ginseng powder.

The preparation method of the drone pupa compound nutrition tablet comprises the following steps:

s1, putting the quick-frozen drone pupae into a freeze-drying machine for freeze-drying, wherein the freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the temperature of the cold trap is-40 to-50 ℃, the pressure of the vacuum drying chamber is 10 to 50pa, the dishing thickness of the drone pupae is 8 to 12mm, and the thickness is uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 30-50 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5%;

s2, transferring the dried drone pupae into a freshness protection package, mixing with food-grade dry ice, and placing into a dry ice pile for 4-6 hours for low-temperature treatment;

s3, mixing the drone pupae subjected to low-temperature treatment with dry ice according to the mass ratio of 5-10: 1, mixing, crushing and bagging;

s4, freeze-drying the American ginseng slices in a freeze dryer under the following conditions: the cold trap temperature is-40 to-50 ℃, the vacuum drying pressure is 10 to 50pa, the tray thickness of the American ginseng slices is 5 to 8mm, and the thicknesses are uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 12-18 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5%;

s5, putting the American ginseng slices into a running water type traditional Chinese medicine grinder for grinding, and bagging the obtained powder;

s6, mixing drone pupa powder obtained from S1, S2 and S3 with American ginseng powder obtained from S4 and S5 according to the proportion of 15:1, adding 2-3 parts of honey powder, and uniformly mixing;

s7, tabletting the mixed powder obtained in the step S6, wherein the weight of the tablets is 0.8-1 g/tablet;

s8, vacuum nitrogen charging, sealing and packaging the nutrition tablets prepared in the S7 mode.

Preferably, the drone pupa powder, the American ginseng powder and the honey-honey multi-honey powder can be sieved by a 40-mesh sieve.

The invention has the following remarkable advantages: the obtained drone pupa nutritional tablet is rich in nutrition, is rich in protein, dietary fiber, fat, mineral substances and ecdysone, and has good function of relieving physical fatigue.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Example 1: 7500g of iced fresh drone pupa, 200g of honey powder and 100g of American ginseng tablets.

The manufacturing steps

S1, putting the quick-frozen drone pupae into a freeze-drying machine for freeze-drying, wherein the freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the cold trap temperature is-50 ℃, the pressure of the vacuum drying chamber is 15pa, the dishing thickness of the male bee pupae is 10mm, and the thickness is uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 48 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5 percent;

s2, transferring the dried drone pupae into a fresh-keeping bag, freeze-drying 7500g of frozen fresh drone pupae to obtain about 1500g of dry drone pupae, mixing with food-grade dry ice, and placing in a dry ice pile for 5 hours for low-temperature treatment;

s3, mixing 1500g of drone pupae subjected to low-temperature treatment with 200g of dry ice, crushing and bagging;

s4, placing the American ginseng slices into a freezing drying agent for freeze-drying, wherein the freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the cold trap temperature is-50 ℃, the vacuum drying pressure is 15pa, the dishing thickness of the American ginseng slices is 5mm, and the thickness is uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 12 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5 percent (the mass loss rate in the common freeze-drying process is less than 10 percent);

s5, putting the American ginseng slices into a running water type traditional Chinese medicine grinder for grinding, and bagging the obtained powder;

s6, mixing the obtained 1500g drone pupa powder with 200g honey powder and 100g American ginseng powder;

s7, uniformly mixing the powder, and tabletting, wherein the weight of each tablet is 0.8-1 g;

s8, vacuum nitrogen charging, sealing and packaging the nutrition tablets prepared in the S7 mode.

Preferably, the drone pupa powder, the American ginseng powder and the honey-honey multi-honey powder can be sieved by a 40-mesh sieve.

The invention has the following remarkable advantages: the obtained drone pupa nutritional tablet is rich in nutrition, is rich in protein, dietary fiber, fat, mineral substances and ecdysone, and has good function of relieving physical fatigue.

Instructions for use

Shape: yellowish-grey tablets, with a special sweet flavour;

the product performance is as follows: physical fatigue is relieved;

the suitable range is as follows: the product is an oral health food, and is suitable for high-intensity workers;

the using method comprises the following steps: orally administered 10 granules at a time, 2-3 times a day;

note that: patients with allergy are forbidden to drink tea as much as possible during taking;

and (3) storage: sealing, cooling in shade, drying, and storing at low temperature;

the validity period is as follows: and 12 months.

The experiment for relieving physical fatigue is as follows.

Test 1: weight swimming test of mice.

Test objectives: after taking the product, the mice were tested for durability in weight bearing swimming.

Test animals: mice (18-22 g).

The test instrument: distilled water, lead sheath/fuse, swimming box, thermometer, timer.

The test method comprises the following steps:

1. grouping of laboratory animals

Three dose groups and one negative control group, one positive control group (using a product with anti-fatigue efficacy already confirmed on the market), 12 mice per group, were given test samples for 30 days;

2. experimental procedure

30min after the last administration of the test sample, the mice with 5% weight lead skin loaded in the tail root are placed in a swimming box for use. Recording the time from the beginning of swimming to exhaustion and sinking of the mouse (standard: nostril sinks into water), namely the time of mouse weight-bearing swimming;

3. data processing and result determination

Swimming time is measured data, variance analysis is adopted, however, the routine of variance analysis is firstly carried out, the variance homogeneity is checked, the F value is calculated, the F value is less than F0.05, and the conclusion is that: the difference between the average numbers of all groups is not significant; f value is more than or equal to F0.05, P is less than or equal to 0.05, and statistics is carried out by a pairwise comparison method of mean values between a plurality of experimental groups and a control group; carrying out appropriate variable conversion on the data which are not normal or irregular in room, and counting by using the converted data after the requirements of positive variance or uniform variance are met; if the variable still does not achieve the aim of being normal or uniform in variance after conversion, carrying out statistics by using a rank sum test; if the weight-bearing swimming time of the test sample group is obviously longer than that of the control group, and the difference is significant, the experimental result can be judged to be positive;

4. matters of attention

a) Mice put into each swimming box at one time are not suitable to be too many, otherwise the mice are mutually squeezed to influence the experimental result;

b) the water temperature has obvious influence on the swimming time, and the water temperature is prevented from being too high (more than 30 ℃) or too low (lower than 20 ℃);

c) the lead sheet is wound to be proper in tightness;

d) if the mouse floats on the water surface and the limbs are not understood during swimming, a wooden stick is needed to stir nearby;

e) the test sample group and the control group need to be the same batch of mice;

f) the experimental results are as follows:

the average swimming time of the low dose group compared with the negative control was extended by nearly 40% as calculated from the data in the table, and thus it was understood that the present invention can significantly extend the swimming time of the mice.

Test 2: liver glycogen assay in mice.

The test method comprises the following steps: the anthrone method.

Test animals: mice (18-22 g).

The test instrument: the device comprises a spectrophotometer, a centrifuge, a balance, a homogenizer, an oscillator, a liquid transfer pump, a boiling water bath, a surgical instrument, a glass funnel, a sample injector, 2ml, 5ml and 10ml pipette tubes, 20ml test tubes with scales and 10ml centrifuge tubes with plugs.

Reagent preparation

5% trichloroacetic acid (TCA, prepared in distilled water);

a glucose standard solution;

concentrated sulfuric Acid (AR);

the anthrone reagent (containing 0.05% anthrone, 1% thiourea) was formulated with 72% H2SO4, as follows:

configuration of 72% H2SO 4: adding 280ml of distilled water into a beaker, and adding 720ml of concentrated sulfuric acid (the specific gravity is 1.84);

reagent preparation method of anthrone: when the temperature of H2SO4 is reduced to 80-90 ℃, 500mg of anthrone and 10g of thiourea are added, the mixture is properly shaken and uniformly mixed in a beaker, and the mixture is stored in a refrigerator (can be stored for two weeks) after being cooled;

distilled water;

and (3) ethanol.

Test method

Test animal grouping and dosing period: the same load swimming test.

Test procedure

1. Killing the animal 30min after the last sample giving, rinsing the liver with normal saline, preferring with filter paper, accurately weighing 100mg of liver, adding 8ml of TCA, homogenizing for 1min per tube, pouring the homogenate into a centrifuge tube, centrifuging for 15min at 3000 r/min, and transferring the supernatant into another test tube;

2. putting 1ml of supernatant into a 10ml centrifuge tube, adding 4ml of 95% ethanol into each tube, and fully and uniformly mixing until no interface is left between the two liquids. The mixture was stoppered with a clean stopper and allowed to stand overnight at room temperature (water bath 37-40 ℃ C. for 3 h). After precipitation was complete, the tube was centrifuged at 3000 rpm for 15 min. Carefully pour off the supernatant and place the tube upside down for 10 min;

3. the glycogen was dissolved in 2ml of distilled water, and the glycogen from the walls of the tubes was washed off with water. If glycogen at the bottom of the tube is not dissolved immediately, shaking the tube until the glycogen is completely dissolved;

4. reagent blanks and standard tubes were made:

a) reagent blank: 2ml of distilled water is sucked into a clean centrifugal tube;

b) standard tubes: 0.5ml of a glucose standard (containing 100mg/dL glucose) and 1.5ml of distilled water were aspirated into the same tube;

5. at the moment, 10ml of anthrone reagent is forcibly injected into each tube, so that the liquid directly enters the center of the tube, and the full mixing is ensured; and (3) from the time of injecting the anthrone reagent into the tube, placing the tube under a cold water faucet for cooling. After all tubes reached cold water temperature, they were immersed in a boiling water bath (bath depth slightly above tube level) for 15min and then transferred to cold water fish. And transferring the liquid in the tube into a colorimetric tube, and measuring the absorbance after the liquid is zeroed by using a reagent blank tube at the wavelength of 620 nm. Converting the weight of the weighed liver into the content of hepatic glycogen (expressed in mg/g liver), and performing statistical analysis;

6. calculating the content of hepatic glycogen:

total milligrams of glycogen per 100g of liver tissue ═ (DU/DS) × 0.5 × (volume of extract/g of liver tissue) × 100 × 0.9;

DU: absorbance of the sample tube;

and (2) DS: absorbance of a standard tube;

0.5: the glucose content in 0.5ml of glucose standard solution;

0.9: a coefficient for converting glucose into glycogen;

volume of the extracting solution: 8ml of the solution is obtained;

liver tissue in grams: 0.1 g;

results statistics (in mg/g tissue):

the liver glycogen content of the mice in the male high-dose group is obviously improved compared with that of the negative control and the positive control, and the P value which is 0.0001<0.01 compared with the negative control indicates that the mice have extremely obvious statistical difference. The product can obviously improve the liver glycogen content in the liver of a male mouse.

In conclusion, the invention is given to the mouth of a mouse for 30 days, so that the weight swimming time of the mouse can be obviously improved; increase hepatic glycogen storage in male mice. Therefore, the invention has the function of relieving physical fatigue.

The foregoing detailed description is given by way of example only, and is provided to better enable one skilled in the art to understand the patent, and is not intended to limit the scope of the patent; any equivalent alterations or modifications made according to the spirit of the disclosure of this patent are intended to be included in the scope of this patent.

Claims (4)

1. The invention relates to a drone pupa compound nutrition tablet and a preparation method thereof, which is characterized in that: the drone pupa compound nutrition tablet is prepared from the following raw materials (in parts by weight): 15 parts of drone pupa powder, 2-3 parts of honey powder and 1 part of American ginseng powder.

2. The honey powder of claim 1, which is prepared by low-temperature drying of fresh honey.

3. The drone pupa compound nutrition tablet of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, putting the quick-frozen drone pupae into a freeze-drying machine for freeze-drying, wherein the freeze-drying conditions are as follows: the cold trap temperature is minus 40 to minus 50 ℃, the pressure of the vacuum drying chamber is 10 to 50pa, the dishing thickness of the male bee pupae is 8 to 12mm, and the thickness is uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 30-50 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5%;

s2, transferring the dried drone pupae into a freshness protection package, mixing with food-grade dry ice, and placing into a dry ice pile for 4-6 hours for low-temperature treatment;

s3, mixing the drone pupae subjected to low-temperature treatment with dry ice according to the mass ratio of 5-10: 1, mixing, crushing and bagging;

s4, freeze-drying the American ginseng slices in a freeze dryer under the following conditions: the cold trap temperature is minus 40 to minus 50 ℃, the vacuum drying pressure is 10 to 50pa, the thickness of the American ginseng slices in a tray is 5 to 8mm, and the thickness is uniform; freeze-drying at low temperature for 12-18 hours until the water content of the freeze-dried product is less than 5%;

s5, putting the American ginseng slices into a running water type traditional Chinese medicine grinder for grinding, and bagging the obtained powder;

s6, mixing drone pupa powder obtained from S1, S2 and S3 with American ginseng powder obtained from S4 and S5 according to the proportion of 15:1, adding 2-3 parts of honey powder, and uniformly mixing;

s7, tabletting the mixed powder obtained in the step S6, wherein the weight of the tablets is 0.8-1 g/tablet;

s8, vacuum nitrogen charging, sealing and packaging the nutrition tablets prepared in the S7 mode.

4. The drone pupa composite nutrition tablet according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that: has effect in relieving physical fatigue.