CN111296177A - Liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111296177A CN111296177A CN202010176973.6A CN202010176973A CN111296177A CN 111296177 A CN111296177 A CN 111296177A CN 202010176973 A CN202010176973 A CN 202010176973A CN 111296177 A CN111296177 A CN 111296177A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
Abstract
The invention discloses a liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa and a preparation method thereof, wherein the liquid strain culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of white granulated sugar, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 12-15 parts of corn flour, 5-7 parts of yeast extract powder, 1-1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1100 parts of water 900-. Compared with the solid strain used in the existing Grifola frondosa cultivation process, the liquid strain can shorten the preparation period of the strain and reduce the production cost. The production process of the liquid strain culture medium formula is relatively stable, the main components are easily obtained, and the continuous stability of the quality in the fruiting period can be ensured. The strain culture method can be popularized and applied to the cultivation of the grifola frondosa, in particular to the cultivation of industrial grifola frondosa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of grifola frondosa cultivation.
Background
Grifola frondosa, also known as Maitake Mushroom, Polyporus frondosus, chestnut mushroom, Nelumbo nucifera, etc., belongs to the order of Polyporales, the order of Basidiomycetes, the family of Polyporaceae, the genus of Polyporus. The grifola frondosa sporocarp is soft in meat quality, crisp, like magnolia, like shredded chicken, delicious in taste, unique in fragrance and rich in nutrition, and is a high-grade dual-purpose bacterium for food and medicine.
The industrial planting of grifola frondosa originally originated in japan, and the domestic industrial planting is in the initial trial stage, and a stable production method mode as that of the mushroom species such as enoki mushrooms has not been realized. Liquid strains are not popularized and applied to industrial cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a liquid strain culture medium and a culture method applied to the industrial culture of grifola frondosa.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of white granulated sugar, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 12-15 parts of corn flour, 5-7 parts of yeast extract powder, 1-1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1100 parts of water 900-.
Preferably, the liquid strain culture medium applied to the industrial cultivation of the grifola frondosa is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of white granulated sugar, 13 parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of yeast extract powder, 1.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1000 parts of water.
A culture method of liquid strain culture medium for industrial culture of Grifola frondosa comprises: step one, preparing a culture medium: according to the weight part raw material proportion of the liquid strain culture medium, putting the weighed raw materials into a container, adding tap water, fully stirring and dissolving, subpackaging the raw materials into a shake flask by using a funnel after the raw materials are fully dissolved, paying attention to stirring at any time, keeping the raw materials in the shake flask uniform and consistent, putting a magnetic rotor into the shake flask before subpackaging, bottling 500ml, plugging a bottle opening by using a silica gel plug after subpackaging, and tightly packaging the bottle opening by using aluminum foil paper for sterilization, wherein the same batch of shake flask solution is required to be uniform and consistent after the preparation, and the rotor size is consistent;
step two, sterilizing the liquid strain culture medium: keeping the temperature at the temperature of 110-;
step three, cooling in a clean area after sterilization, and inoculating after cooling the shake flask to below 30 ℃;
step four, inoculation, namely performing aseptic operation on a super-clean workbench by a specially-assigned person, opening a prepared solid original seed flat plate by using a sterilized flat plate fixer, dividing the solid original seed flat plate into 3mm multiplied by 3mm fungus blocks by using an inoculation knife, taking down a silica gel plug under the protection of flame of a fire gun by using an inoculation clamp, wherein the inoculation clamp is obliquely arranged on a table top, and the silica gel plug cannot contact the table top; burning by using an inoculation hook through flame, and then respectively taking a bacterium block from the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction on a flat plate in a shake flask; the bottle mouth is plugged after the silica gel plug is plugged on the flame and is slightly burned by using an inoculation clamp, and the operation is required to be rapid and accurate in the inoculation process; in the whole inoculation operation process, the inoculation knife and the culture medium can not contact the upper cover of the culture dish and the wall of the shake flask, so that the contamination of the mixed bacteria is avoided;
placing the inoculated liquid shake flask in a constant-temperature shaking table for culture, wherein the culture temperature is as follows: 25 plus or minus 0.5 ℃; culture rotation speed: 100-; and (4) observing the growth state of the mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, culturing for 8-10 days, and observing the characters of the mycelium pellets in the shake flask, wherein if the mycelium pellets are uniformly and densely distributed and do not sink after standing for 2-4 hours, the culture of the liquid shake flask culture medium is finished.
The strain cultured by the culture method of the liquid strain culture medium can be directly used for inoculation of a liquid fermentation tank.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the solid strain used in the existing Grifola frondosa cultivation process, the liquid strain can shorten the preparation period of the strain and reduce the production cost.
The production process of the liquid strain culture medium formula is relatively stable, the main components are easily obtained, and the continuous stability of the quality in the fruiting period can be ensured.
The strain culture method can be popularized and applied to the cultivation of the grifola frondosa, in particular to the cultivation of industrial grifola frondosa.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely in the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: a culture method of liquid strain culture medium for industrial culture of Grifola frondosa comprises: step one, preparing a culture medium: mixing 60 parts of white granulated sugar, 13 parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of yeast extract powder, 1.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1.2 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate according to the weight parts of the liquid strain culture medium, putting the weighed raw materials into a container, adding 1000 parts of tap water, fully stirring and dissolving, subpackaging the raw materials into a shake flask by using a funnel after the raw materials are fully dissolved, keeping the raw materials in the shake flask uniformly and consistently by stirring at any time, putting a magnetic rotor into the shake flask before subpackaging, bottling 500ml, plugging the flask opening by using silica gel after subpackaging is finished, and tightly packaging the flask opening by using aluminum foil paper for sterilization, wherein the same batch of shake flask solution is required to be uniformly and consistently prepared, and the rotor size is consistent;
step two, sterilizing the liquid strain culture medium: keeping the temperature at 110 ℃ for 18 min;
step three, cooling in a clean area after sterilization, and inoculating after cooling the shake flask to 28 ℃;
step four, inoculation, namely performing aseptic operation on a super-clean workbench by a specially-assigned person, opening a prepared solid original seed flat plate by using a sterilized flat plate fixer, dividing the solid original seed flat plate into 3mm multiplied by 3mm fungus blocks by using an inoculation knife, taking down a silica gel plug under the protection of flame of a fire gun by using an inoculation clamp, wherein the inoculation clamp is obliquely arranged on a table top, and the silica gel plug cannot contact the table top; burning by using an inoculation hook through flame, and then respectively taking a bacterium block from the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction on a flat plate in a shake flask; the bottle mouth is plugged after the silica gel plug is plugged on the flame and is slightly burned by using an inoculation clamp, and the operation is required to be rapid and accurate in the inoculation process; in the whole inoculation operation process, the inoculation knife and the culture medium can not contact the upper cover of the culture dish and the wall of the shake flask, so that the contamination of the mixed bacteria is avoided;
placing the inoculated liquid shake flask in a constant-temperature shaking table for culture, wherein the culture temperature is as follows: 25 ℃; culture rotation speed: 100 rpm/min; and observing the growth state of mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, and recording the period of the mycelium fully distributed in the shake flask and the average growth speed of the mycelium.
Example 2: a culture method of liquid strain culture medium for industrial culture of Grifola frondosa comprises: step one, preparing a culture medium: mixing 60 parts of white granulated sugar, 13 parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of yeast extract powder, 1.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1.2 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate according to the weight parts of the liquid strain culture medium, putting the weighed raw materials into a container, adding 1000 parts of tap water, fully stirring and dissolving, subpackaging the raw materials into a shake flask by using a funnel after the raw materials are fully dissolved, keeping the raw materials in the shake flask uniformly and consistently by stirring at any time, putting a magnetic rotor into the shake flask before subpackaging, bottling 500ml, plugging the flask opening by using silica gel after subpackaging is finished, and tightly packaging the flask opening by using aluminum foil paper for sterilization, wherein the same batch of shake flask solution is required to be uniformly and consistently prepared, and the rotor size is consistent;
step two, sterilizing the liquid strain culture medium: keeping the temperature at 125 ℃ for 25 min;
step three, cooling in a clean area after sterilization, and inoculating after cooling the shake flask to below 30 ℃;
step four, inoculation, namely performing aseptic operation on a super-clean workbench by a specially-assigned person, opening a prepared solid original seed flat plate by using a sterilized flat plate fixer, dividing the solid original seed flat plate into 3mm multiplied by 3mm fungus blocks by using an inoculation knife, taking down a silica gel plug under the protection of flame of a fire gun by using an inoculation clamp, wherein the inoculation clamp is obliquely arranged on a table top, and the silica gel plug cannot contact the table top; burning by using an inoculation hook through flame, and then respectively taking a bacterium block from the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction on a flat plate in a shake flask; the bottle mouth is plugged after the silica gel plug is plugged on the flame and is slightly burned by using an inoculation clamp, and the operation is required to be rapid and accurate in the inoculation process; in the whole inoculation operation process, the inoculation knife and the culture medium can not contact the upper cover of the culture dish and the wall of the shake flask, so that the contamination of the mixed bacteria is avoided;
placing the inoculated liquid shake flask in a constant-temperature shaking table for culture, wherein the culture temperature is as follows: 25.5 ℃; culture rotation speed: 120 rpm/min; and observing the growth state of mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, and recording the period of the mycelium fully distributed in the shake flask and the average growth speed of the mycelium.
Example 3: a culture method of liquid strain culture medium for industrial culture of Grifola frondosa comprises: step one, preparing a culture medium: mixing 60 parts of white granulated sugar, 13 parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of yeast extract powder, 1.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate and 1.2 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate according to the weight parts of the liquid strain culture medium, putting the weighed raw materials into a container, adding 1000 parts of tap water, fully stirring and dissolving, subpackaging the raw materials into a shake flask by using a funnel after the raw materials are fully dissolved, keeping the raw materials in the shake flask uniformly and consistently by stirring at any time, putting a magnetic rotor into the shake flask before subpackaging, bottling 500ml, plugging the flask opening by using silica gel after subpackaging is finished, and tightly packaging the flask opening by using aluminum foil paper for sterilization, wherein the same batch of shake flask solution is required to be uniformly and consistently prepared, and the rotor size is consistent;
step two, sterilizing the liquid strain culture medium: keeping the temperature at 115 ℃ for 22 min;
step three, cooling in a clean area after sterilization, and inoculating after cooling to 25 ℃ in a shake flask;
step four, inoculation, namely performing aseptic operation on a super-clean workbench by a specially-assigned person, opening a prepared solid original seed flat plate by using a sterilized flat plate fixer, dividing the solid original seed flat plate into 3mm multiplied by 3mm fungus blocks by using an inoculation knife, taking down a silica gel plug under the protection of flame of a fire gun by using an inoculation clamp, wherein the inoculation clamp is obliquely arranged on a table top, and the silica gel plug cannot contact the table top; burning by using an inoculation hook through flame, and then respectively taking a bacterium block from the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction on a flat plate in a shake flask; the bottle mouth is plugged after the silica gel plug is plugged on the flame and is slightly burned by using an inoculation clamp, and the operation is required to be rapid and accurate in the inoculation process; in the whole inoculation operation process, the inoculation knife and the culture medium can not contact the upper cover of the culture dish and the wall of the shake flask, so that the contamination of the mixed bacteria is avoided;
placing the inoculated liquid shake flask in a constant-temperature shaking table for culture, wherein the culture temperature is as follows: 24.5 ℃; culture rotation speed: 110 rpm/min; and observing the growth state of mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, and recording the period of the mycelium fully distributed in the shake flask and the average growth speed of the mycelium.
The culture medium of the comparative example is a solid culture medium and is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of sawdust, 17 parts of cottonseed hulls, 5 parts of bran, 3 parts of corn flour and 1 part of red loam.
Preparation of comparative example culture medium: according to the weight ratio of the raw materials of the culture medium, cottonseed hulls and bran are firstly crushed by a crusher, then wood chips, corn flour and laterite are added, water is added and mixed to prepare the culture medium with the water content of 67%, the pH value is adjusted to be 6.2, the mixture is filled into a culture bag, then the culture bag is put into an autoclave and sterilized for 20min at the temperature of 100 ℃, and the culture medium is obtained.
Subpackaging the culture medium in a shake flask, inoculating grifola frondosa strains under an aseptic state, and culturing at a temperature: 25 plus or minus 0.5 ℃; culture rotation speed: 100-; and observing the growth state of mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, and recording the period of the mycelium fully distributed in the shake flask and the average growth speed of the mycelium. The results are shown in the following table.
As can be seen from the above table, the average growth rate of the hyphae cultured by the method for culturing the liquid strain culture medium applied to the industrial culture of the grifola frondosa in the embodiments 1-3 is higher, and the period of the hyphae filled in the bottle is obviously shorter than that of the solid culture medium of the comparative example.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A liquid strain culture medium applied to industrial cultivation of grifola frondosa is characterized in that: the liquid strain culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-65 parts of white granulated sugar, 12-15 parts of soybean meal, 12-15 parts of corn flour, 5-7 parts of yeast extract powder, 1-1.5 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 1-1.5 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1100 parts of water 900-.
2. The liquid strain culture medium applied to the industrial cultivation of the grifola frondosa as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the liquid strain culture medium is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of white granulated sugar, 13 parts of soybean meal, 13 parts of corn flour, 6 parts of yeast extract powder, 1.2 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium phosphate, 1.2 parts of anhydrous magnesium sulfate and 1000 parts of water.
3. A method for culturing a liquid strain culture medium applied to the industrial culture of grifola frondosa is characterized by comprising the following steps: the specific culture method is as follows: step one, preparing a culture medium: according to the weight part raw material proportion of the liquid strain culture medium, putting the weighed raw materials into a container, adding tap water, fully stirring and dissolving, subpackaging the raw materials into a shake flask by using a funnel after the raw materials are fully dissolved, paying attention to stirring at any time, keeping the raw materials in the shake flask uniform and consistent, putting a magnetic rotor into the shake flask before subpackaging, bottling 500ml, plugging a bottle opening by using a silica gel plug after subpackaging, and tightly packaging the bottle opening by using aluminum foil paper for sterilization, wherein the same batch of shake flask solution is required to be uniform and consistent after the preparation, and the rotor size is consistent;
step two, sterilizing the liquid strain culture medium: keeping the temperature at the temperature of 110-;
step three, cooling in a clean area after sterilization, and inoculating after cooling the shake flask to below 30 ℃;
step four, inoculation, namely performing aseptic operation on a super-clean workbench by a specially-assigned person, opening a prepared solid original seed flat plate by using a sterilized flat plate fixer, dividing the solid original seed flat plate into 3mm multiplied by 3mm fungus blocks by using an inoculation knife, taking down a silica gel plug under the protection of flame of a fire gun by using an inoculation clamp, wherein the inoculation clamp is obliquely arranged on a table top, and the silica gel plug cannot contact the table top; burning by using an inoculation hook through flame, and then respectively taking a bacterium block from the upper direction, the lower direction, the left direction and the right direction on a flat plate in a shake flask; the bottle mouth is plugged after the silica gel plug is plugged on the flame and is slightly burned by using an inoculation clamp, and the operation is required to be rapid and accurate in the inoculation process; in the whole inoculation operation process, the inoculation knife and the culture medium can not contact the upper cover of the culture dish and the wall of the shake flask, so that the contamination of the mixed bacteria is avoided;
placing the inoculated liquid shake flask in a constant-temperature shaking table for culture, wherein the culture temperature is as follows: 25 plus or minus 0.5 ℃; culture rotation speed: 100-; and (4) observing the growth state of the mycelium pellets in the shake flask every day, culturing for 8-10 days, and observing the characters of the mycelium pellets in the shake flask, wherein if the mycelium pellets are uniformly and densely distributed and do not sink after standing for 2-4 hours, the culture of the liquid shake flask culture medium is finished.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112136602A (en) * | 2020-09-19 | 2020-12-29 | 灌南云农食用菌研究所(有限合伙) | Liquid cultivation culture solution and liquid cultivation production process for velvet antler mushrooms |
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