CN111287827A - 用于混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统和方法 - Google Patents
用于混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统和方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
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- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 43
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
一种混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统,包括:发动机;黑烟过滤器,安装在来自发动机的废气所通过的排气管线中并且过滤掉废气中所包含的黑烟;温度传感器,安装在黑烟过滤器的前端并且测量流入黑烟过滤器的前端的废气的温度;发动机控制器,基于与车辆将要行驶的道路的坡度关联的信息来控制流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度并控制发动机的燃料喷射;以及混合动力控制单元,响应于来自发动机控制器的请求来控制设置在发动机和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机的电机之间的发动机离合器。
Description
技术领域
本公开涉及一种用于混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统和方法。
背景技术
燃烧后从车辆发动机排放的废气中包含各种有害物质,并且废气排放量受到各种法规的限制。为了应对关于颗粒物质(作为各种有害物质中的一种)的法规,正在开发一种技术,该技术将汽油颗粒过滤器(GPF)应用于车辆,以便物理地收集从发动机排放的颗粒物质。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面提供了一种用于混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统和方法,通过该系统和方法,配备有黑烟过滤器(例如,汽油颗粒过滤器(GPF))的混合动力车辆基于与车辆将要行驶的道路关联的信息经由发动机控制器与混合动力控制单元之间的协调控制来提高黑烟过滤器的再生效率并改进车辆的整体燃料效率。
根据本公开的一方面,混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统包括:发动机;黑烟过滤器,安装在来自发动机的废气所行进通过的排气管线中,并且被配置成过滤掉废气中所包含的黑烟;温度传感器,安装在黑烟过滤器的前端,并且被配置成测量流入黑烟过滤器的前端的废气的温度;发动机控制器,被配置成根据与车辆将要行驶的道路坡度关联的信息来控制流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度并控制发动机的燃料喷射;以及混合动力控制单元(HCU),被配置成响应于来自发动机控制器的请求来控制设置在发动机和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机的电机之间的发动机离合器。
该再生控制系统还可以包括存储单元,该存储单元存储包括道路坡度信息的地图信息、用于确定沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量是否过量的基准沉积量信息、以及为了使黑烟过滤器再生所需的最小基准温度信息。
当沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量大于存储在存储单元中的基准沉积量时,HCU可以基于存储在存储单元中的地图信息来确定车辆将要行驶的道路是否包括下坡路段。
当下坡路段包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中时,HCU可以当车辆在上坡路段上行驶时使用发动机控制器来控制发动机,以便将流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度增加到高于基准温度。
当车辆在下坡路段上行驶时,发动机控制器可以请求HCU执行发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断。
HCU可以响应于发动机控制器的请求来执行发动机离合器的锁止并且可以使得发动机控制器能够执行燃料切断。
根据本公开的另一方面,根据本公开的使用混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制方法可以包括:将沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量与基准沉积量进行比较;当沉积的烟灰量大于或等于基准沉积量时,确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中;当下坡路段包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中时,在车辆在上坡路段上行驶时控制发动机,以便将流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度增加到大于或等于基准温度;当车辆在下坡路段上行驶时,请求发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断;以及执行发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断。
在确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中之后,该方法还可以包括:测量流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度;以及当所测量的废气的温度小于或等于存储在存储单元中的基准温度时,增加废气的温度。
基准沉积量可以是用于确定沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量是否过量的信息,并且基准温度可以是为了使黑烟过滤器再生所需的最小基准温度。
根据本公开,配备有黑烟过滤器(例如,汽油颗粒过滤器(GPF))的混合动力车辆基于与车辆将要行驶的道路关联的信息经由发动机控制器与混合动力控制单元之间的协调控制来提高GPF的再生效率并改进车辆的整体燃料效率。
本发明的另一方面提供了包括黑烟过滤器再生系统的混合动力车辆。该混合动力车辆包括:发动机;黑烟过滤器,安装在从发动机排放的废气所行进通过的排气管线中,并且被配置成过滤掉废气中所包含的黑烟;温度传感器,安装在黑烟过滤器的前端,并且被配置成测量流入黑烟过滤器的前端的废气的温度;发动机控制器,被配置成根据与车辆将要行驶的道路的坡度关联的信息来控制流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度并控制发动机的燃料喷射;以及混合动力控制单元(HCU),被配置成响应于来自发动机控制器的请求来控制设置在发动机和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机的电机之间的发动机离合器。
附图说明
从以下结合附图的详细描述中,本公开的上述和其他方面、特征和优点将变得更加明显,附图中:
图1是示意性示出了根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的配置的图;以及
图2是示出了根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
现在参考附图描述本发明的实施例。本文给出的描述中所使用的术语并不旨在以任何有限或限制的方式来解释,仅因为它与本发明实施例的详细描述结合使用。
汽油颗粒过滤器(GPF)在车辆中使用,以便物理地收集从发动机排放的颗粒物质。汽油颗粒过滤器设置成用于过滤掉从车辆排放的有害物质中的颗粒物质,并用于响应最近在欧洲和中国颁布的关于废气排放的强制性法规。
具体而言,当过滤器过滤掉颗粒物质时,烟灰不可避免地沉积在汽油颗粒过滤器中。当沉积的烟灰量大于或等于预定烟灰量时,其可能是增加车辆排气压力和劣化发动机性能的因素,并且可能根据情况破坏汽油颗粒过滤器。因此,发动机控制器需要通过燃烧沉积在汽油颗粒过滤器中的烟灰来执行与汽油颗粒过滤器的再生关联的控制。
为了使汽油颗粒过滤器再生,需要将汽油颗粒过滤器的温度增加到大于或等于预定温度,使得沉积在汽油颗粒过滤器中的烟灰被燃烧,并且需要通过稀燃向废气提供氧气,使得烟灰被缓慢燃烧。然而,在用于汽油颗粒过滤器的再生的稀燃的情况下,与理论空燃比相比,发动机的运转不稳定性可能由于稀燃而劣化,并且车辆的可靠性和运行性能可能劣化。
图1是示意性示出了根据本公开实施例的具有黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的混合动力车辆的配置的图。如图1所示,根据本公开实施例的包括黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的混合动力车辆可以包括:发动机100;黑烟过滤器200,其安装在从发动机100排放的废气所行进通过的排气管线110中,并且被配置成过滤掉废气中所包含的黑烟;温度传感器300,其安装在黑烟过滤器200的前端,并且被配置成测量或检测流入黑烟过滤器200的前端的废气的温度;发动机控制器400,其被配置成基于与车辆将要行驶的道路的坡度关联的信息来控制发动机的燃料喷射,以改变流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度;以及混合动力控制单元(HCU)500,其被配置成响应于来自发动机控制器400的请求来控制设置在发动机100和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机的电机800之间的发动机离合器600。
发动机100的输出由发动机控制器400控制,该发动机控制器由作为上部控制器的混合动力控制单元500控制,并且进气量可以经由电子节气门控制(ETC)来控制。在实施例中,发动机100可以是汽油发动机,并且可以燃烧燃料和空气,以便将化学能转换成机械能。在实施例中,发动机100可以包括燃料和空气流入的多个气缸,以及点燃流入气缸的燃料和空气的点火装置。另外,发动机100可以连接到进气歧管,以便接收流入气缸的空气,并且可以将燃烧过程中产生的废气排出到排气歧管,以便沿排气管线110将废气排放到车辆外部。此外,发动机100可以包括喷射器,该喷射器喷射燃料以流入气缸。
黑烟过滤器200安装在从发动机排放的废气所行进通过的排气管线100中,并且可以过滤掉废气中所包含的黑烟。这里,黑烟过滤器200可以是汽油颗粒过滤器(GPF)。此外,黑烟过滤器200可以收集并过滤掉废气中所包含的颗粒物质。
在实施例中,温度传感器300安装在黑烟过滤器的前端或上游,但不限于此,并且可以测量流入黑烟过滤器前端的废气的温度。这里,由温度传感器300测量的流入黑烟过滤器200前端的废气的温度可以表示黑烟过滤器200前端的温度。另外,由温度传感器300测量的流入黑烟过滤器200前端的废气的温度信息可以被传送到发动机控制器400。发动机控制器400可以基于从温度传感器300传送的温度信息来确定是否增加从发动机100排放的废气的温度。
发动机控制器400可以基于车辆将要行驶的道路的道路坡度信息来控制流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度和发动机的燃料喷射。发动机控制器400可以将沉积在黑烟过滤器200中的烟灰量与存储在后文将描述的存储单元700中的基准沉积量进行比较。这里,沉积在黑烟过滤器200中的烟灰量可以用各种方法计算。根据实施例,沉积在黑烟过滤器200中的烟灰量可以通过对基于车辆的行驶条件从发动机排放的烟灰量进行建模来计算。在这种情况下,与基于车辆的行驶条件从发动机排放的烟灰量关联的信息可以存储在存储单元700中。另外,根据另一实施例,沉积在黑烟过滤器200内的烟灰量可以使用黑烟过滤器200的入口和出口之间的压力差来计算。
后文将描述的混合动力控制单元500可以接收存储在存储单元700中的包括道路坡度信息的地图信息,并且可以基于对应的信息来确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中。在这种情况下,混合动力控制单元500可以将输入到导航设备中的用户的驾驶路线与预先存储在存储单元700中的地图信息进行比较,并且可以确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的路线中。
另外,当确定出下坡路段包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中时,混合动力控制单元500可以当车辆在上坡路段上行驶时使用发动机控制器400来控制发动机100,以便在车辆到达下坡路段之前将流入黑烟过滤器200的废气的温度增加到大于或等于存储在存储单元700中的基准温度。具体而言,当确定出下坡路段包括在车辆行驶的道路中时,混合动力控制单元500将从温度传感器300传送的流入黑烟过滤器200的废气的温度与预先存储在存储单元700中的基准温度进行比较,并且当温度小于或等于基准温度时,混合动力控制单元500可以控制发动机控制器400,以便将从发动机100排放的废气的温度增加到大于或等于基准温度。在实施例中,基准温度可以是为了使黑烟过滤器200再生所需的最小温度。根据实施例,基准温度可以是550摄氏度。在实施例中,为了燃烧沉积在黑烟过滤器200中的烟灰以用于再生,黑烟过滤器200的温度需要大于或等于预定温度。当从温度传感器300测量和传送的废气的温度小于或等于基准温度时,发动机控制器400可以控制发动机100,以便将从发动机排放的废气的温度增加到大于或等于基准温度。在这种情况下,根据实施例,发动机控制器400可以使用后燃料喷射来增加从发动机排放的废气的温度。
此外,当车辆在上坡路段上行驶,然后在下坡路段上行驶时,发动机控制器400可以将用于请求发动机离合器600的锁止和切断燃料的信号传送到混合动力控制单元500。
混合动力控制单元500可以响应于来自发动机控制器400的请求来控制设置在发动机100和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机100的电机800之间的发动机离合器600。更具体而言,在车辆在下坡路段上行驶的情况下,当混合动力控制单元500从发动机控制器400接收到发动机离合器600的锁止的请求时,混合动力控制单元500可以执行控制,使得发动机离合器600锁止。另外,当混合动力控制单元500从发动机控制器400接收到燃料切断请求信号时,混合动力控制单元500可以将燃料切断允许信号传送到发动机控制器400,使得发动机控制器400执行燃料切断。如上所述,当车辆在下坡路段上行驶时,车辆可以使用混合动力控制单元500锁止发动机离合器600,并且可以使用发动机控制器400执行燃料切断,由此发动机利用车辆的惯性运行。因此,包括氧气的空气流入排气管线并经由排气管线排出,并且氧气可以被供应到黑烟过滤器200。
发动机离合器600设置在发动机100和与发动机输出关联地辅助发动机的电机800之间,并且可以在混合动力模式下计算发动机100的输出扭矩和电机800的输出扭矩的总和,并且可以将该总和提供给变速器。在实施例中,电机800可以通过经由逆变器提供的电池的电压来驱动。
存储单元700可以存储包括道路坡度信息的地图信息、用于确定沉积在黑烟过滤器200中的烟灰量是否过量的基准沉积量信息、以及为了使黑烟过滤器200再生所需的最小基准温度信息。
为了去除沉积的烟灰以用于黑烟过滤器200的再生,黑烟过滤器200的温度需要大于或等于预定温度,并且氧气需要包含在行进通过黑烟过滤器200的气体中。根据本公开,当下坡路段包括在车辆将要行驶的路线中时,当车辆在上坡路段上行驶时,混合动力控制单元500与发动机控制器400之间的协调控制可以将流入黑烟过滤器200的废气的温度增加到大于或等于基准温度,并且当车辆在下坡路段上行驶时,混合动力控制单元500可以执行控制,使得发动机离合器600锁止并执行燃料切断,由此氧气被提供到黑烟过滤器200。因此,不需要单独执行控制,其使用电机来运行发动机以便强制切断燃料,由此可以改进总体燃料效率。
图2是示出了根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制方法的流程图。参考图2,根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制方法可以包括:将沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量与基准沉积量进行比较的操作;当沉积的烟灰量大于或等于基准沉积量时,确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中的操作;当车辆在上坡路段上行驶时控制发动机的操作,以便当确定出下坡路段存在于车辆将要行驶的道路中时将流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度增加到大于基准温度;当车辆在下坡路段上行驶时请求发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断的操作;以及执行发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断的操作。另外,在确定下坡路段是否包括在车辆将要行驶的道路中的操作之后,黑烟过滤器再生控制方法还可以包括以下操作:测量流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度,以及当所测量的废气的温度小于或等于预先存储在存储单元中的基准温度时增加废气的温度。
另外,当未执行发动机离合器的锁止时,发动机离合器可以打开,并且车辆可以以电动车辆模式行驶。
在将沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量与基准沉积量进行比较的操作中,基准沉积量可以是用于确定沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量是否过量的信息。另外,在将流入黑烟过滤器的废气的温度与存储在存储单元中的基准温度进行比较的操作中,基准温度可以是为了使黑烟过滤器再生所需的最小基准温度。
根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制方法的各个操作的详细技术特征与已经描述的根据本公开的混合动力车辆的黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的各个元件的技术特征相同,因此将省略其详细描述。
结合本文公开的实施例描述的逻辑块、模块或单元可以由具有至少一个处理器、至少一个存储器和至少一个通信接口的计算设备来实现或执行。结合本文公开的实施例描述的方法、过程或算法的元件可以在硬件、由至少一个处理器执行的软件模块或两者的组合中直接实施。用于实现结合本文公开的实施例描述的方法、过程或算法的计算机可执行指令可以存储在非暂时性计算机可读存储介质中。
尽管上面已经描述了本发明的实施例,但本领域技术人员可以理解,在不脱离本发明的精神的情况下,可以改变上述各种实施例的配置。还应当理解,这些变化落在本发明的范围内。
Claims (9)
1.一种具有黑烟过滤器再生控制系统的混合动力车辆,所述混合动力车辆包括:
发动机;
黑烟过滤器,安装在从所述发动机排放的废气所行进通过的排气管线中并且被配置成过滤掉所述废气中所包含的黑烟;
温度传感器,安装在所述黑烟过滤器的前端并且被配置成测量流入所述黑烟过滤器的所述前端的废气的温度;
发动机控制器,被配置成基于与所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路的坡度关联的信息来控制流入所述黑烟过滤器的废气的温度并控制所述发动机的燃料喷射;以及
混合动力控制单元,被配置成响应于来自所述发动机控制器的请求来控制设置在所述发动机和与发动机输出关联地辅助所述发动机的电机之间的发动机离合器。
2.根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆,还包括:
存储单元,被配置成存储包括道路坡度信息的地图信息、表示用于确定沉积在所述黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量是否过量的基准沉积量的信息、以及表示使所述黑烟过滤器再生的最小基准温度的信息。
3.根据权利要求2所述的混合动力车辆,其中,当沉积在所述黑烟过滤器中的所述烟灰量大于存储在所述存储单元中的所述基准沉积量时,所述混合动力控制单元被配置成基于存储在所述存储单元中的所述地图信息来确定所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路是否包括下坡路段。
4.根据权利要求3所述的混合动力车辆,其中,当所述下坡路段包括在所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路中时,所述混合动力控制单元被配置成当所述混合动力车辆在上坡路段上行驶时使用所述发动机控制器来控制所述发动机,以便将流入所述黑烟过滤器的废气的温度增加到高于所述最小基准温度。
5.根据权利要求4所述的混合动力车辆,其中,当所述混合动力车辆在所述下坡路段上行驶时,所述发动机控制器被配置成请求所述混合动力控制单元执行所述发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断。
6.根据权利要求5所述的混合动力车辆,其中,所述混合动力控制单元被配置成响应于所述发动机控制器的所述请求来执行所述发动机离合器的锁止并且使得所述发动机控制器能够执行燃料切断。
7.一种操作根据权利要求1所述的混合动力车辆的方法,以用于使用所述黑烟过滤器再生控制系统来使黑烟过滤器再生,所述方法包括:
检测沉积在黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量;
确定下坡路段是否包括在所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路中;
当沉积的所述烟灰量大于或等于基准沉积量时并且当下坡路段包括在所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路中时,在所述混合动力车辆在上坡路段上行驶时控制发动机,以便将流入所述黑烟过滤器的废气的温度增加到大于或等于基准温度;
当所述混合动力车辆在所述下坡路段上行驶时,请求所述混合动力控制单元以致使发动机离合器的锁止和燃料切断;以及
执行所述发动机离合器的锁止和所述燃料切断。
8.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,在确定下坡路段是否包括在所述混合动力车辆将要行驶的道路中之后,所述方法还包括:
测量流入所述黑烟过滤器的废气的温度;以及
当所测量的所述废气的温度小于或等于存储在存储单元中的所述基准温度时,增加所述废气的温度。
9.根据权利要求7所述的方法,其中,所述基准沉积量用于确定沉积在所述黑烟过滤器中的烟灰量是否过量,并且所述基准温度是为了使所述黑烟过滤器再生所需的最小基准温度。
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CN111287827B (zh) | 2023-05-30 |
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