CN111287653A - Large-caliber forward reaming construction method for horizontal directional drilling of hard rock - Google Patents
Large-caliber forward reaming construction method for horizontal directional drilling of hard rock Download PDFInfo
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a large-caliber forward reaming construction method for a horizontal directional drilling hard rock, which comprises the working procedures of pilot hole construction, forward power reaming construction, hole washing, trial back dragging and back dragging. Compared with the conventional reverse reaming method of the horizontal directional drill by utilizing the traditional drilling machine, the drill rod and the reamer, the method has the advantages of large propelling power, large drilling torque, large reaming grade difference and strong frequent impact resistance of the drill bit, and particularly avoids the power loss caused by overlarge friction force generated by the drill rod and the surrounding soil in the long-distance guide hole in advance during reverse reaming. Therefore, when facing complex stratum environments, particularly hard rock strata, frequent and multiple chambering is not needed, one-time chambering and large-range-difference chambering can be realized, the construction period is greatly shortened, the construction risk is reduced, the economic practicality is good, and the success rate of horizontal directional crossing under various stratum environments is effectively increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a horizontal directional drilling hard rock large-caliber forward reaming construction method, and belongs to the field of building engineering.
Background
With the continuous and stable development of the economy of China, more and more infrastructure construction projects are developed in China. An underground pipeline is a 'life line' which is developed by cities, so the construction scheme and the construction level of the underground pipeline often mark the infrastructure capacity and the modernization level of a country. The traditional underground pipeline construction technology adopts an excavation construction method, the method has great influence on ground traffic, and the problem of environmental pollution caused by large excavation earth volume is more and more concerned by people, so that the method is not suitable for long-term development of society in a certain sense at present when the green water Qingshan is the Jinshan Yinshan. The non-excavation technology which develops rapidly in recent years makes up the defects well, the horizontal directional drill can finish pipeline laying without ground 'rifling and belly breaking' and pipe trench excavation in the pipeline laying process, and the method has the advantages of short construction period, high efficiency, no influence on traffic, no damage to environment, good safety and the like, so that the method is more generally applied to obstacle crossing of urban roads, mountainous areas, rivers and the ground, is developed rapidly, can avoid repeated excavation and repair caused road zipper engineering at present when the urban construction develops at a high speed, and has higher social and economic benefits. However, in the face of the complex stratum environment with long laying distance and large pipe diameter, especially the rock stratum with larger hardness, the conventional horizontal directional drilling construction scheme is that the construction mode of the traditional drilling machine, a drill rod and a reamer is used, the hole enlarging aperture is small, the hole enlarging torque is small, the hole enlarging grade difference is small, the drilling efficiency is low, the accidents of drill rod breakage, cone falling and the like are more, the risk is large, the construction speed is slow, the construction period is long, and therefore the economic loss caused by the construction method is difficult to predict.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the construction method for the large-caliber forward reaming of the horizontal directional drilling hard rock utilizes a power reaming mode, and adopts a high-torque high-performance power drilling tool and a high-efficiency long-life rock reamer to carry out directional penetration, so that the construction problem is solved.
The large-caliber forward reaming construction method for the horizontal directional drilling of the hard rock comprises the following steps:
a. pilot hole construction
The construction steps of the guide hole mainly comprise: the probe is arranged in the probe box; the guide drill bit is connected to the drill rod; rotating the drill rod to test whether the emission of the probe is normal; performing rotary drilling for about 2 m; starting construction according to a designed track; finishing the guide hole;
b. forward dynamic reaming construction
After the pilot hole drill bit is exposed at the other side of the barrier which is penetrated, the pilot hole drill bit is detached and replaced by a power drilling tool and a rock reamer, the rear part of the drilling tool is connected with a drilling rod, a hollow centralizer is installed on the drilling rod for centralizing, the drilling rod is used for transporting high-pressure slurry as power, a screw motor rotor is driven to rotate under the action of the high-pressure slurry, the motor rotor drives the rock reamer to break and ream the rock forward through a universal shaft and a transmission shaft, the aperture of the pilot hole is expanded to be more than the diameter of the laid pipe, and the resistance in pipe laying is reduced
c. After reaming, washing the hole by using a 40-inch reamer and a squeezing reamer until the torque and the dragging force reach the parameters capable of returning to the dragging mode, and taking out hard objects and miscellaneous blocks in the hole by using slurry for the purpose of washing the hole so as to ensure the quality of the formed hole; if the hole is not formed well, the slurry formula can be adjusted according to the situation, and the hole washing times are increased;
after hole cleaning is finished, trial back dragging is carried out;
d. carrying out a construction return sequence after the trial return dragging;
furthermore, the power drilling tool adopts a unique integrated design of the drilling tool and the reamer, and mainly comprises a screw motor, a universal shaft, a transmission shaft and a rock reamer, wherein a high-pressure mud motor is arranged behind the rock reamer and is used as the main power for forward reaming, high-pressure mud is conveyed through a drill rod connected behind the rock reamer to drive the rotor of the Archimedes screw motor to rotate, and the rock reamer is driven through the universal shaft and the transmission shaft to break rock.
Furthermore, in the back dragging process, the back dragging force mainly comprises the frictional resistance of the buoyancy of the pipeline on the upper hole wall and the friction force generated by the pipeline and the slurry in the moving process in the hole.
The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
calculated tension, t
L-length of the cross-over section, m
f-coefficient of friction, 0.1-0.3
Gamma-slurry density t/m3
D-diameter of the tube, m
Delta-wall thickness of the tube, m
k-viscosity coefficient, 0.01-0.03.
The current technology of laying pipe through stratum by horizontal directional drilling is to use directional drilling machine, guide drill bit, expanding drill bit and guide instrument to lift off guide drill bit and change expanding drill bit to reverse expand according to the pre-expanded pilot hole, and to pull the laying pipeline into the drill hole. However, when the drilling tool faces the crossing of the hard rock with large caliber, long distance and complex geology, the propelling efficiency is low due to the power loss during reverse expansion, and the drilling tool is difficult to meet the use requirements of high torque, strong push-pull, frequent impact, long service life and high safety, so the advanced and applicable horizontal directional drilling power reaming drilling key technology is a world-level problem which is difficult to solve in the directional crossing of the pipeline. The drilling tool in the method adopts the integrated design of a drilling tool and a reamer, a power drilling tool is arranged at the rear end (or the front end) of the reamer, firstly, an approximately horizontal pilot hole is constructed by adopting a directional drilling technology according to a designed drilling track (generally approximate to an arc), after a pilot hole drill bit is exposed at the other side of a barrier (river or road) to be penetrated, a pilot drill bit is detached and replaced by the power drilling tool and a rock reamer, a drill rod is connected at the rear part of the drilling tool and is provided with a hollow centralizer for centralizing, the drill rod is used for transporting high-pressure slurry as power, a screw motor rotor is driven to rotate under the action of the high-pressure slurry, and the motor rotor drives the rock reamer to break rock forward through a universal shaft and a.
Compared with the conventional reverse reaming method of the horizontal directional drill by utilizing the traditional drilling machine, the drill rod and the reamer, the method has the advantages of large propelling power, large drilling torque, large reaming grade difference and strong frequent impact resistance of the drill bit, and particularly avoids the power loss caused by overlarge friction force generated by the drill rod and the surrounding soil in the long-distance guide hole in advance during reverse reaming. Therefore, when facing complex stratum environments, particularly hard rock strata, frequent and multiple chambering is not needed, one-time chambering and large-range-difference chambering can be realized, the construction period is greatly shortened, the construction risk is reduced, the economic practicality is good, and the success rate of horizontal directional crossing under various stratum environments is effectively increased.
The power drilling tool adopts a unique drilling tool and reamer integrated design, mainly comprises a screw motor, a universal shaft, a transmission shaft and a rock reamer, wherein a high-pressure mud motor is arranged behind the rock reamer (mainly a cone type reamer, a roller type reamer or a composite reamer) and is used as the main power for forward reaming, high-pressure mud is conveyed through a drill rod connected behind the rock reamer to drive an Archimedes screw motor rotor to rotate, and the rock reamer is driven through the universal shaft and the transmission shaft to break rock.
The method can realize positive-expansion directional crossing, and has good compatibility with a guide hole which is drilled in advance during hole expansion. The mud motor is used as a propelling tool and a deflecting tool, and the direction control is realized by a bend which is bent by not more than 3 degrees (generally 1.75 degrees) at the maximum at the position 1.5m behind a drill bit. Based on the drilling characteristics, the method can realize multi-dimensional steering adjustment on the rock stratum, and improves the drilling efficiency.
The machine tool used in the method is universal equipment except a power drilling tool which is special equipment, compared with the conventional horizontal directional drilling method, the method has wide applicability, is particularly suitable for penetrating through hard rocks and complex stratums, and has the characteristics of convenience in field use, good economic applicability and the like.
The construction method is suitable for the pipeline crossing engineering of urban roads, highways, railways, rivers and other sections which are not suitable for large-excavation construction, and particularly suitable for the directional crossing engineering under the geological environment of large caliber, long distance and complex hard rock.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a construction flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an operation diagram of the construction equipment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Although particular embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated in detail, it should be understood that various equivalent changes and modifications could be made to the above-described embodiments in accordance with the spirit of the invention, and the resulting functional effects would still fall within the scope of the invention.
Firstly, preparation of construction
(1) And (5) reviewing construction drawings: the construction drawing and the material list are checked and confirmed with a design unit and a construction unit;
(2) compiling a construction organization design, calling an expert review meeting after the construction organization design passes through the engineering department of the group company, carrying out pile splicing with a design unit on site, and confirming that the directional drilling passes through the soil inlet and outlet points;
(3) and (3) measurement and paying-off: measuring and paying off a construction site, determining a construction site of a directional drilling-in and unearthing point, and determining a construction lane change;
(4) and formulating a detailed construction scheme aiming at the technical requirements and the opinions of expert demonstrations of the directional drilling crossing construction drawing. After the construction scheme reports the audit approval of a supervision unit, construction can be carried out;
(5) measuring direction control parameters for measuring pay-off and pilot hole construction, drawing a crossing track diagram, and confirming the crossing track diagram;
(6) and (4) determining the duty and the construction target of each team and team of the department of project, performing technical background according to the approved construction scheme, and performing construction strictly according to the construction scheme, the construction specification and the operation rule in the construction process.
Secondly, surveying and measuring the wire
1. Measuring and paying off process
2. The measurement and the paying-off are managed by measurement technicians participating in pile splicing, and the measurement instrument is qualified by a legal measurement department and can be used within the valid period.
3. And measuring and setting out by using a total station according to the line plan, the section diagram, the line control pile and the level mark pile, and determining a penetration axis, a drilling point penetrated by the directional drill, a drilling point discharged from the drilling point and a position and a range penetrating through a field according to a design drawing and the specific position of the design intersection pile. And a total station is preferably adopted for measurement, and the whole process protection is adopted for the measurement control pile in the measurement and setting-out process.
4. During the paying-off process, the system is connected with a supervision or owner unit and related departments to handle related procedures.
(1) During measurement and setting-out, please manage to the field, lead out relative coordinate points and elevation according to the coordinate points of the crossing control piles and the line positioning piles designed according to the crossing construction drawing, measure and discharge the position of the center line of the pipe trench, and confirm to be qualified through supervision.
(2) According to design requirements and a construction scheme, reasonable arrangement and drilling positions of a drilling machine, positions and geometric dimensions of the land occupied by the back-dragging field and the mud pit are determined, a floor layout drawing of a construction field is drawn, and line marking is carried out at the same time.
5. And designing a traversing track according to a plan view of the designed traversing pipeline and a measurement result table.
6. After the central line is crossed and positioned, the crossed axis and the boundary line are discharged according to the engineering requirement
7. The construction measurement paying-off work strictly complies with the measurement standard, and the measurement paying-off records and the related crossing measurement data are collected and sorted in time and are kept properly to serve as the basis for guidance, inspection and acceptance of subsequent related procedures.
8. Geophysical prospecting is carried out within the range of the designed given control pile position and the crossing axis, and underground obstacles and pipeline distribution are confirmed. Ensuring that the central line of the drilling machine is in a straight line with the soil entry point and the soil exit point. So as to ensure the safe and smooth operation of the crossing construction.
Third, guide hole track construction design
1. Determining the type of borehole and the form of the borehole trajectory: the type and trajectory of the drilled hole depend on the properties of the pipeline material to be laid and the laying requirements, the geological conditions of the drilled hole, the performance of the construction unit equipment, the distribution of the existing underground pipelines, the distribution of the above-ground and underground obstacles, the coverage area and depth of the water area, the construction safety and economy and other conditions.
2. Determining an earth-entering point and an inclined section: the soil discharging and entering point is the position where the drill bit starts to drill and discharges soil; the deflecting section is a section of the same hole body which is changed from a straight section into a curved section, the deflecting section is suitable for selecting a hole section in a harder soil layer, and meanwhile, the subsequent track needs to avoid the existing pipeline and underground obstacles.
3. Determining drilling hole body track parameters: the parameters include the length of each hole section, the starting point of each hole section and the inclination angle of each point, and the calculation method is adopted to be more accurate.
1) The guide hole track generally comprises three sections, namely a first deflecting section, a straight section and a second deflecting section, wherein the straight section is the actual length of the pipeline passing through the barrier, the first deflecting section is a transition section of the drill rod entering a pipe laying position, and the second deflecting section is a transition section of the drill rod exposed out of the ground.
2) After the parameters are obtained by a calculation method, the limitation of other factors on the inlet inclination angle and the outlet inclination angle is also considered, wherein the adjustable range of the drill inclination angle is the main factor for limiting the inlet inclination angle and can be generally adjusted between 10 degrees and 15 degrees, the outlet inclination angle is generally controlled between 0 degree and 30 degrees for a PE pipe and is controlled within 0 degree to 15 degrees for a small-caliber steel pipe, and a lower pipe working pit is generally used for replacing a second deflecting section for a large-caliber pipe.
Selection of four-directional drilling machine
The calculation of the directional drilling through back drag force is crucial for the correct selection of the drilling machine. In the back dragging process, the back dragging force mainly comprises the frictional resistance caused by the buoyancy of the pipeline to the upper hole wall and the friction force generated by the pipeline and the slurry in the moving process in the hole.
The calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
calculated tension, t
L-length of the cross-over section, m
f-coefficient of friction, 0.1-0.3
Gamma-slurry density t/m3
D-diameter of the tube, m
Delta-wall thickness of the tube, m
k-viscosity coefficient, 0.01-0.03
In the formula: l =1912.3m, f takes the value 0.2, D =1.016, δ =0.0175, and k takes the value 0.02.
1. Selecting a horizontal directional drilling pipe-laying drilling machine according to the calculated parameters such as the back tension, wherein the back tension is the main parameter of the drilling machine and is an important basis for selecting the drilling machine according to the engineering size requirement; the back tension is below 20T for small-sized drilling machine, and 20-45T for medium-sized drilling machine and above 45T for large-sized drilling machine.
2. The drill bit is one of the important tools for drilling, and different types of drill bits are required to be adopted for different soil layers.
1) In the construction of the muddy clay, a drill bit with a larger size is generally adopted to meet the requirement of direction change.
2) When the drill bit is constructed in dry soft clay, the direction control can be realized quickly by adopting a medium-sized drill bit.
3) In hard clay, the effect of a smaller drill bit is ideal, but the drill bit is ensured to be larger than the outward size of the probe
More than 12 mm.
4) For sandy sludge, the medium-size to large-size drill bit has better effect.
Fifthly, controlling well construction by the working pit:
1. the control well is set up for effectively controlling the elevation of the directional drilling hole, and the structural form and the spacing are determined by a design unit;
2. the horizontal directional drilling pipe laying can be carried out without excavating the road surface and passing through the barrier, but also needs to excavate the initial working pit
(namely the initial point of directional drilling) and an outlet working pit (namely the position of the directional drill bit for going out of the soil), and simultaneously occupies the site for drawing back the pipeline into the hole in order to meet the requirements of slurry storage and residue soil discharged from the hole in the construction process.
Sixth, drilling mud
1. When the pilot hole is drilled, pulled back and reamed and pulled back, slurry is injected into the pilot hole in time. Drilling mud
The main functions are to stabilize the hole wall, reduce the rotation torque and the pipe pulling resistance, prevent the pipe wall from being worn, cool the drill bit and the transmitting probe and eliminate the soil cuttings generated by drilling.
2. The proportion and technical performance index of the slurry material meet the construction requirement and can be adjusted according to the stratum condition, the technical requirement of the drill bit and the construction steps.
3. Common ingredients for drilling muds: water, bentonite, polymers, and the like.
4. The PH value of the drilling slurry is controlled within the range of 8-10.
5. The density of the drilling mud is generally controlled to be 1.12-1.25 g/cm and is measured on site by a standard mud hydrometer.
6. The mud liquid is prepared in a special stirring device and is used by a mud circulating pool; the mud returned from the borehole is treated for reuse and the remaining mud is properly disposed.
Construction of seven, guide hole
The construction steps of the guide hole mainly comprise: the probe is arranged in the probe box; the guide drill bit is connected to the drill rod; rotating the drill rod to test whether the emission of the probe is normal; performing rotary drilling for about 2 m; starting construction according to a designed track; finishing the guide hole;
1. controlling the direction of the pilot bit: the front end of the pilot bit is a 15-degree inclined plane which has the function that when the drilling tool drills in a non-rotary mode, the inclined plane has a deflection force on the drill bit to enable the drill bit to deflect in the opposite direction of the inclined plane, and when the drilling tool performs rotary jacking, the inclined plane is continuously changed in the rotary direction, the stress of the inclined plane in each direction in the circumferential direction is equal, and the drill bit moves linearly along the original axial trend.
2. Correcting the direction of the guide head: the construction of the pilot hole mostly adopts a portable guide instrument to determine the spatial position of the drill bit. The guide instrument consists of a probe, a surface receiver and a synchronous display. The accurate position and the inclination direction of the guide drill bit in construction are measured by a signal transmitter and a ground tracking guide instrument which are arranged in a drill bit cavity, and the measured values are displayed on a synchronous display for an operator to master the conditions in the hole, so that the drill bit is operated to correct the deviation. The pilot drilling is to drill according to the parameters of the designed track, when the deviation from the designed track is found, the deviation is corrected by adjusting the direction of the inclined surface of the drill bit until the position of the drill bit returns to the designed track, and thus a pilot hole which is coincident with or very close to the designed track is drilled.
Eight, forward power reaming construction
The hole expansion is to expand the aperture of the guide hole to be above the laid pipe diameter so as to reduce the resistance when the pipe is laid. When reaming, the following points are required:
1. and preparing mud with different concentrations according to different geology, and ensuring that the numerical value of the back-dragging force and the torque value are controlled within the normal working parameters of the drilling machine during back reaming each time.
2. The back expansion process must determine back expansion speed, slurry concentration and pressure according to different geological conditions and field slurry output conditions, and ensure the quality of pore-forming.
3. When traversing rock, this can create a step through the hole due to the formation where the soft and hard junctions can occur over time. In order to prevent the step, a combined drill bit is adopted for construction, the working length of the rock drilling tool is lengthened (generally, double drill bits are used, and particularly, the drill bits are manufactured by self), the hole repairing function is achieved, and the expanded hole has good curvature.
After the 30 "reaming is completed, one effective reaming maximum bit is added for each stage of reaming.
4. The combination of each stage of reaming drilling tool is very important, and the position and the degree of the softness and hardness of the stratum after the first stage of reaming is finished are basically determined. And (4) recording the reaming of the driller, analyzing the reaming time and torque of each drill rod, and selecting the combination of the drilling tools before the next-stage reaming.
5. And carrying out flaw detection on the abrasion degree of key parts of a drill rod and a drilling tool in each stage of hole expansion. And the fatigue or abrasion drill rod is replaced in time so as to avoid unnecessary danger and accidents in the using process.
6. In order to improve the reaming efficiency, a self-suction reverse circulation deslagging method is adopted on a plurality of construction sites, so that the repeated breaking capacity of rocks is greatly reduced, the drilling efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, mud materials can be saved, the contents of rock powder and sand in holes are kept low, and the loss of drilling tools is greatly reduced.
Nine, cleaning hole and trial back-dragging construction
After reaming, a 40-inch reamer and a squeezing reamer are used for hole washing until the torque and the dragging force reach the parameters of back dragging, and the purpose of hole washing is to take out hard objects and miscellaneous blocks in the holes by using slurry in order to ensure the quality of the formed holes. If the hole is not formed well, the slurry formula can be adjusted according to the situation, and the hole washing times are increased.
The torque of the back dragging condition is achieved, and the peak value of the torque does not exceed the self-rotation torque of the drill bit outside the hole when the drill bit is used for cleaning the hole in the hole
2 times. After hole cleaning is finished, adopting trial back-dragging construction;
1.4 pipelines (the length is 60 meters) with the length of 12 meters and phi 1016 are welded at the penetrating unearthed points;
2. performing anti-corrosion protection on the whole pipe and performing photocuring;
3. carrying out trial back-dragging construction, and observing back-dragging torque and tension;
4. observing the corrosion-resistant abrasion degree of the back dragging pipeline after the back dragging is finished;
5. and analyzing and judging whether back dragging construction is met or not according to the abrasion degree, and if not, judging whether the back dragging construction is a curve problem or whether the thickness of the anticorrosive protective layer is insufficient according to actual abrasion.
6. And (5) repairing holes or thickening the anticorrosive protective layer to reach a back-dragging condition, and continuing back-dragging construction.
The purpose of trying to back drag is as follows: 1. and (3) checking whether the curve meets the curvature radius of the back dragging pipe or not, and 2, determining the consumption degree of the hole wall to the anticorrosive protection layer.
Ten, pipe material connecting and back dragging laying pipe
The steel pipes are connected by welding, and the PE is connected by hot melting. The pipe to be laid can be pulled back and laid after the pipe is connected and tested before being pulled back and laid.
The back dragging is the last step of the directional crossing and is the most critical step, and after the detection is correct, the pipeline to be paved can be back dragged.
1. When the tractor is dragged back, continuous operation is carried out, and resistance increase caused by shutdown is avoided. Before pulling back the pipeline, the firmness of each connection part needs to be carefully checked. In order to ensure the smooth back dragging and the undamaged anticorrosive coating, the following measures are taken: before the connecting pipe is pulled back, the consistency of the prefabricated pipeline and the passing axis is ensured (the angle of the prefabricated pipeline is adjusted at any time by adopting a crane to hang the pipe due to the limited geographic position of the passing), the lateral friction force when the pipeline enters the hole is reduced, and the anticorrosive coating is ensured to enter the hole completely.
2. The friction force of the pipeline when the pipeline is dragged back is reduced by taking the measure of soft contact. Reducing direct contact of the pipeline with the wall of the hole.
3. During back dragging operation, the concentration of the lubricating slurry is increased, so that the lubricating slurry is attached to the surface of the anticorrosive layer like a thin film, and the anticorrosive layer is protected.
4. Before and after the back dragging, a repaired mouth, a repaired wound material, an appliance and an electric spark leak detector are prepared, and a special person is arranged to patrol the pipeline.
5. And controlling the torque within a reasonable range when the hole is reamed and dragged. The torque is too large, the drill rod is difficult to break out, and the speed is not reached. Therefore, the torque is controlled within a proper range, and smooth reaming and back dragging are ensured.
Eleven, cleaning and withdrawing the field on site
1. Cleaning, backfilling and ground restoration of a pipeline inspection well, a working well, a drilling machine working pit and a lower pipe pit.
2. And (5) removing the field of the matched equipment.
And (3) benefit analysis:
economic benefit proof of large-caliber forward reaming construction method for horizontal directional drilling of hard rock in Beijing Western six-ring middle-segment natural gas engineering
The middle natural gas engineering of the Beijing Western six-ring is positioned in the west six-ring road east of the Mingou district of Beijing city, the Junzhuang Xishan forest farm is within the range, a fireproof highway of the forest farm passes along the ground surface of the tunnel, the traffic condition is inconvenient, the tunnel passes through the hilly area, the relief of the terrain is large, the elevation is 140m-370m, the relative elevation is 15-250m, the slope foot of the hillside is 20-45 degrees, multiple base rocks at the hillside are exposed, gravels are covered in the valley between mountains, and the vegetation is dense. The main pipe is a phi 1016mm multiplied by 17.5mmL485M steel pipe; the optical cable sleeve is a seamless steel tube with the diameter of 114mm multiplied by 8 mm; the cable sleeves are parallel to the main tube and are spaced by 10 m. Traversing horizontal straight line length 1911.2 meters. The engineering is hard to penetrate through rock stratums, wherein the rock stratums are mainly medium-stroke tuff sandstone and tuff conglomerate, the II-grade surrounding rock is 370m, the III-grade surrounding rock is 1200m, the maximum uniaxial compressive strength is 125MPa, and the average value is 46.4 MPa. The crossing length is long, the aperture is large, the crossing length of the directional drill is 1911 m, and the maximum aperture is 1.37 m. The construction mode of the traditional drilling machine, the drill rod and the reamer has the advantages of small reaming torque, small reaming grade difference, low drilling efficiency, more accidents such as drill rod fracture, cone falling and the like and large risk. The project adopts a forward reaming construction technology, and compared with the traditional process, the project period is saved by about 2 months, and the economic benefit of 2 months multiplied by 300 ten thousand/month =600 ten thousand yuan is obtained. In particular, see the following table:
economic benefit proof of construction method for horizontal directional drilling of hard rock large-caliber forward reaming in company high-pressure gas pipeline through north river engineering
The high-pressure natural gas pipe engineering of the pressure station originates from a clear and far door station, is laid to a planned fresh distribution pressure regulating station along the current state of a wide and clear high-speed and planned highway, and the general trend is south to north. The horizontal spacing of pipeline lines is 10.84Km, the design pressure is 4.0MPa, the pipe diameter is phi 406.4mm, and three PE reinforced protective layers are adopted in the whole line. The north river crossing belongs to a controllability project from a clear and distant gate station to a clear and new pressure regulating station high-pressure natural gas pipe project, and the crossing project level is a large river crossing project. The engineering crossing mode adopts large-scale horizontal directional drilling crossing, the whole crossing level is 1659.69m, and the full length is 1680.94 m. The horizontal length of the directional drill across the borehole was 1619.69m, and the full length was 1641.44 m. The specification of the pipe is phi 406.4 multiplied by 12.5mm, the material is L360M PSL2, the seamless steel pipe is a purified natural gas conveying medium, the design pressure is 4.0MPa, and three PE high-temperature type reinforced anticorrosive layers and a modified epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic protective layer are adopted.
The construction mode of the traditional drilling machine, the drill rod and the reamer has the advantages of small reaming torque, small reaming grade difference, low drilling efficiency, more accidents such as drill rod fracture and cone falling off and the like, and large risk. The project adopts a forward reaming construction technology, and compared with the traditional process, the project period is saved by about 2 months. The economic benefit is 2 months multiplied by 200 ten thousand/month =400 ten thousand yuan.
Examples of engineering applications
The middle natural gas engineering of the ring middle section is horizontally and directionally drilled with hard rock large-caliber forward reaming construction engineering, the Beijing Western six-ring middle section natural gas engineering is positioned in the range of the West six-ring road in the first ditch area of the Beijing city, the Junzhuang Western mountain forest farm, a forest farm fireproof road passes along the ground surface of a tunnel, the traffic condition is inconvenient, the tunnel passes through a hilly area, the relief of the terrain is large, the elevation of the elevation is 140m-370m, the relative elevation is 15-250m, the slope foot of a hillside is 20-45 degrees, multiple rocks at the hillside are exposed, gravel soil is covered in the valley of the mountains, and the vegetation is dense. The main pipe is a phi 1016mm multiplied by 17.5mmL485M steel pipe; the optical cable sleeve is a seamless steel tube with the diameter of 114mm multiplied by 8 mm; the cable sleeves are parallel to the main tube and are spaced by 10 m. The difference of the crossing exit and entry points is 13 meters, and the crossing depth is 18 meters. Traversing horizontal straight line length 1911.2 meters.
And in the period from 5 months in 2019 to 9 months in 2019, carrying out reaming construction by adopting a horizontal directional drilling hard rock large-caliber forward reaming construction method. Safety accidents do not occur in the construction process, the construction speed is high, the construction cost is low, and the reaming construction quality meets the requirements of design and construction acceptance.
Construction method application case of engineering application example of horizontal directional drilling hard rock large-caliber forward reaming construction method for pipeline directional drilling crossing north river engineering
The natural gas pipe engineering originates from a clear and far door station, is laid to a planned fresh distribution and transportation pressure regulating station along the current state wide and clear high-speed and planned expressway, and has the general trend of south to north. The horizontal spacing of pipeline lines is 10.84Km, the design pressure is 4.0MPa, the pipe diameter is phi 406.4mm, and three PE reinforced protective layers are adopted in the whole line. The north river crossing belongs to a controllability project from a clear and distant gate station to a clear and new pressure regulating station high-pressure natural gas pipe project, and the crossing project level is a large river crossing project. The engineering crossing mode adopts large-scale horizontal directional drilling crossing, the whole crossing level is 1659.69m, and the full length is 1680.94 m. The horizontal length of the directional drill across the borehole was 1619.69m, and the full length was 1641.44 m. The specification of the pipe is phi 406.4 multiplied by 12.5mm, the material is L360M PSL2, the seamless steel pipe is a purified natural gas conveying medium, the design pressure is 4.0MPa, and three PE high-temperature type reinforced anticorrosive layers and a modified epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic protective layer are adopted.
In 6 months to 11 months in 2018, Anhui Shuihi construction Limited liability company adopts a horizontal directional drilling hard rock large-caliber forward reaming construction method to perform reaming construction. Safety accidents do not occur in the construction process, the construction speed is high, the construction cost is low, and the reaming construction quality meets the requirements of design and construction acceptance.
Although particular embodiments of the invention have been described and illustrated in detail, it should be understood that various equivalent changes and modifications could be made to the above-described embodiments in accordance with the spirit of the invention, and the resulting functional effects would still fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The construction method for large-caliber forward reaming of the hard rock by horizontal directional drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a. pilot hole construction
The construction steps of the guide hole mainly comprise: the probe is arranged in the probe box; the guide drill bit is connected to the drill rod; rotating the drill rod to test whether the emission of the probe is normal; performing rotary drilling for about 2 m; starting construction according to a designed track; finishing the guide hole;
b. forward dynamic reaming construction
After the pilot hole drill bit is exposed at the other side of the barrier which is penetrated, the pilot hole drill bit is detached and replaced by a power drilling tool and a rock reamer, the rear part of the drilling tool is connected with a drilling rod, a hollow centralizer is installed on the drilling rod for centralizing, the drilling rod is used for transporting high-pressure slurry as power, a screw motor rotor is driven to rotate under the action of the high-pressure slurry, the motor rotor drives the rock reamer to break and ream the rock forward through a universal shaft and a transmission shaft, the aperture of the pilot hole is expanded to be more than the diameter of the laid pipe, and the resistance in pipe laying is reduced
c. After reaming, washing the hole by using a 40-inch reamer and a squeezing reamer until the torque and the dragging force reach the parameters capable of returning to the dragging mode, and taking out hard objects and miscellaneous blocks in the hole by using slurry for the purpose of washing the hole so as to ensure the quality of the formed hole; if the hole is not formed well, the slurry formula can be adjusted according to the situation, and the hole washing times are increased;
after hole cleaning is finished, trial back dragging is carried out;
d. and carrying out a construction return sequence after the trial return dragging.
2. The construction method for large-caliber forward reaming of hard rock by horizontal directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that the power drilling tool of the invention adopts a unique integrated design of the drilling tool and the reamer, and mainly comprises a screw motor, a universal shaft, a transmission shaft and the rock reamer, a high-pressure mud motor is arranged behind the rock reamer as a main power for forward reaming, high-pressure mud is transported through a drill rod connected behind the rock reamer to drive a rotor of the Archimedes screw motor to rotate, and the rock reamer is driven through the universal shaft and the transmission shaft to break rock.
3. The large-caliber forward reaming construction method for the horizontally directional drilling hard rock according to claim 1, characterized in that in the back dragging process, the back dragging force mainly comprises frictional resistance caused by buoyancy of the pipeline to the upper hole wall and frictional force generated by the pipeline and slurry in the moving process in the hole;
the calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula:
calculated tension, t
L-length of the cross-over section, m
f-coefficient of friction, 0.1-0.3
Gamma-slurry density t/m3
D-diameter of the tube, m
Delta-wall thickness of the tube, m
k-viscosity coefficient, 0.01-0.03.
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| CN111734308A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Forward reaming method for directional drilling penetration |
| CN112252984A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Construction method for large-aperture drilling |
| CN113530450A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-10-22 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Combined pre-reaming construction method suitable for stratum with rock hardness of less than or equal to 30Mpa |
| CN113958265A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-21 | 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 | Oil pipeline long-distance directional drilling construction method |
| CN114033309A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-11 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Horizontal directional drilling and hole repairing system and method |
| CN114233190A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Cable construction process for crossing river |
| CN114687666A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-07-01 | 中石化江汉油建工程有限公司 | Directional drilling crossing construction method for rock stratum |
| CN114992385A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction method for connecting large-diameter long-distance steel water delivery pipeline by multiple joints and dragging |
| CN116677320A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江省电力建设有限公司 | Pipeline laying method for crossing grade highway |
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| CN111734308A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-02 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Forward reaming method for directional drilling penetration |
| CN111734308B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2022-07-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Forward hole expanding method for directional drilling penetration |
| CN112252984B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2022-04-26 | 中国煤炭地质总局第二水文地质队 | Construction method for large-aperture drilling |
| CN112252984A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-22 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Construction method for large-aperture drilling |
| CN113530450A (en) * | 2021-07-03 | 2021-10-22 | 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 | Combined pre-reaming construction method suitable for stratum with rock hardness of less than or equal to 30Mpa |
| CN113958265A (en) * | 2021-09-23 | 2022-01-21 | 中国化学工程第六建设有限公司 | Oil pipeline long-distance directional drilling construction method |
| CN114033309A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-11 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Horizontal directional drilling and hole repairing system and method |
| CN114033309B (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2023-11-28 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Horizontal directional drilling and repairing system and method |
| CN114233190A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-03-25 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Cable construction process for crossing river |
| CN114687666A (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2022-07-01 | 中石化江汉油建工程有限公司 | Directional drilling crossing construction method for rock stratum |
| CN114992385A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction method for connecting large-diameter long-distance steel water delivery pipeline by multiple joints and dragging |
| CN116677320A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-09-01 | 浙江省电力建设有限公司 | Pipeline laying method for crossing grade highway |
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