CN108678130A - A kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method - Google Patents
A kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108678130A CN108678130A CN201810654184.1A CN201810654184A CN108678130A CN 108678130 A CN108678130 A CN 108678130A CN 201810654184 A CN201810654184 A CN 201810654184A CN 108678130 A CN108678130 A CN 108678130A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/06—Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
Abstract
It the present invention relates to underground pipeline construction technical field, specifically discloses a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method, including excavation of foundation pit, guide digging, reaming, borehole cleaning, returns dilatory pipe, grouting and reinforcing and backfilling of earthwork；In Excavation Process, according to pipeline desired trajectory and per the length of segment pipe, active well and received well are excavated in interval on the ground；During guide digging, pilot hole is drilled out between active well and received well using starter；In reaming procedure, using drilling machine and drilling rod driving reamer along pilot hole back and forth movement, until bore diameter expands as 1.5~1.7 times of caliber；It when returning dilatory pipe, is pulled back pipeline using bench, until the tube head of pipeline is pulled back into active well.The present invention provides constructing, convenient, pipeline laying efficiency is higher, and helps to extend pipeline service life, avoids surface subsidence, greatly promotes that sewerage system is perfect, pushes a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method of urban development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to underground pipeline construction technical fields, specifically, it is related to a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction side
Method.
Background technology
Sewerage system is processing and excludes the job facilities system of municipal sewage and rainwater, is urban public utilities
Important component, it is usually made of drainage pipeline and sewage treatment plant.In the case where carrying out sewage, rainwater separate system,
Sewage is collected by drainage pipeline, is sent to sewage disposal, and water body or recycling are discharged into；Rainfall runoff is collected by drainage pipeline
Afterwards, it is discharged into water body nearby.In urban construction and environmental improvement engineering construction, drainage system occupies larger ratio between investments；Such as
Sewerage system is rationally designed under various technical conditions as defined in where meeting, is an important class in city planning design
Topic.
Conventional pipelines system of laying is direct excavated pavement and then is laid with pipeline.But with the fast development in city, very
The multifactor laying construction operation for greatly limiting underground piping；Such as the business district of building dense, the undesirable road of geology
The miscellaneous more section of section, buried cable, or when making a reservation for inbuilt pipeline and needing drawing-in river, traditional underground piping embedding manner will
It is no longer applicable in, is unfavorable for the perfect of sewerage system, causes very big inconvenience to the daily production of people indirectly, and seriously restrict city
City develops.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction methods, by way of returning dilatory pipe, realize ground
The flexible laying of lower pipeline, is conducive to the perfect of sewerage system, ensures the convenience of the daily production of people indirectly, and helps
In promotion urban development.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of non-digging drag pipe construction
Method, including following construction procedure：
S1, excavation of foundation pit：According to pipeline desired trajectory and per the length of segment pipe, interval is excavated active well and is connect on the ground
Receive well；
S2, guide digging：According to setting drilling path and position indicator instruction, using drilling machine and drilling rod driving starter by
Active well is moved to received well, and pilot hole is drilled out between active well and received well, until starter is crept by active well
To received well；
S3, reaming：Using drilling machine and drilling rod driving reamer along pilot hole back and forth movement, until bore diameter expands as caliber
1.5~1.7 times；
S4, dilatory pipe is returned：When reamer is back to received well, the tube head of pipeline is sealed and is extended in received well, then
Tube head is connected with reamer using rotary joint and bushing needle, starts bench and starts pipeline of pulling back, until tube head is pulled back
Into active well.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, active well and received well are excavated out in ground separation first, then utilizes drilling machine
And drilling rod driving starter drills out pilot hole in below ground；Then, by way of reamer of pulling back, pilot hole is expanded
To specified size；And then, pipeline is pulled back through drilling to active well using bench and drilling rod by received well, that is, realizes pipeline
Laying in underground.In this way, on the basis of ensureing that pipeline is completely laid with, large area excavated pavement is avoided, particularly
Suitable road surface is unsuitable for the location excavated；To under the premise of avoiding causing considerable damage to existing communal facility, realize pipe
The convenient laying in road, is conducive to the perfect of sewerage system, ensures the convenience of people's daily life indirectly, and helps to promote
Into urban development.
The present invention is further arranged to：In step s 2, it is gradually deeply laid with deeply to pipeline is predetermined in the starter
During spending position, each jacking drilling depth control of starter is within 0.5m；The penetrating angle of the starter is extremely
Mostly 15 °, unearthed angle is at most 20 °.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, starter gradually deeply makes a reservation for pipeline during being laid with depth location,
Ensure that starter each jacking drilling depth control within 0.5m, avoids starter drilling too fast, it is ensured that starter according to
Desired trajectory is crept into, and helps to ensure that Drilling Precision, and can prevent starter from frequently retracting, and ensures drilling efficiency；Meanwhile it will
The penetrating angle of starter and unearthed angle are controlled respectively within 15 ° and 20 °, it is ensured that and the pilot hole completed is more smooth, and
The risk of starter damage can be reduced.
The present invention is further arranged to：In step S3 work progress, continue to inject water or drilling fluid to bore inner so that
Mud is formed inside hole, to protect pore-forming hole wall.
It,, can by being persistently implanted into water or drilling fluid to bore inner in reaming procedure by using above-mentioned technical proposal
Mud, and then the hole wall of mud protection pore-forming are formed in drilling, and play the role of effectively lubricating；Not only facilitate raising drilling
Quality, moreover it is possible to reduce the risk of reamer damage.
The present invention is further arranged to：In step S3 work progress, increase the diameter of used reamer step by step, it is right
The pilot hole carries out multistage reaming, and it is 100~150mm that it is differential, which to return expansion, every time.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by way of returning expansion step by step, until will drill reaches predefined size, it can not only
Enough avoid reaming sideslip track, moreover it is possible to reduce the risk of borehole collapse, ensure drill hole inner wall relative smooth.
The present invention is further arranged to：Before step S3 is completed, step S4 starts, borehole cleaning is first carried out：It is loaded onto on drilling rod
Mud pan is drawn, and mud pan back and forth movement in the borehole is drawn using drilling machine and drilling rod dragging, the hole that device blends is counter-bored in discharge drilling
Interior soil.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, by drawing mud pan to carry out borehole cleaning operation to drilling, roping goes out the hole that reaming blends
Interior soil so that bore inner forms smooth smoother peace tube passage, facilitates the laying of subsequent pipeline.
The present invention is further arranged to：After step s 4 is completed, further include following steps,
S5, grouting and reinforcing：It is 1 to inject weight ratio to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall using high-pressure injection pump and pipeline:1 water
The mixed serum of mud, flyash, until filling up the gap of pipeline.
It is 1 using weight ratio after the completion of returning dilatory pipe by using above-mentioned technical proposal:1 mixing paddle is to pipeline
Slip casting is carried out with the gap of drill hole inner wall, drilling can be reinforced, and avoid surface subsidence.
The present invention is further arranged to：Slip casting steel pipe, the slip casting steel are fixed with before step S4 starts, on the outside of pipeline
Pipe is equal with duct length；During step S5 is carried out, the slip casting steel pipe and pipeline uncoupling, and in one end of slip casting steel pipe
Grouting tube is connected, the described one end of slip casting steel pipe far from grouting tube alternately connects bench and high-pressure injection pump successively.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, during trombone slide, slip casting steel pipe is pulled back with tunnel synchronization to active well；With
Afterwards, during grouting and reinforcing, slip casting steel pipe and pipeline uncoupling, when steel pipe is connect with high-pressure injection pump, high-pressure injection pump can
By slip casting steel pipe and grouting tube intermittent slip casting is carried out to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall；Often complete slip casting successively, steel
Pipe and high-pressure injection pump uncoupling, and be connected with bench, bench can pull slip casting steel pipe and grouting tube to synchronize further
One end distance, and start next slip casting working cycles after grouting tube reconnects high-pressure injection pump, until slip casting steel pipe
It is completely pulled out from received well, grouting and reinforcing operation comes to an end.
The present invention is further arranged to：The length of the grouting tube is 3-6m；During step S5 is carried out, bench
Intermittent drive slip casting steel pipe straight-line feed, and the distance that feeds every time of the slip casting steel pipe is equal to the length of grouting tube.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, when mixed serum is delivered to grouting tube by high-pressure slip-casting sheet by slip casting steel pipe
When place, grouting tube can realize uniform slip casting to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall；As grouting tube is along pipe lengths
Intermittence feeding, grouting tube gradually can complete complete slip casting operation to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall.
The present invention is further arranged to：Further include following steps after the completion of step S5,
Step S6, backfilling of earthwork：Active well and received well are backfilled using graded sand and stone.
By using above-mentioned technical proposal, active well and received well are backfilled using graded sand and stone, can ensure road
The integrality of face structure.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
1, the road surface for being not easy to excavate is avoided damage in underground laying pipeline by way of returning dilatory pipe, is ensureing pipeline laying
While convenience, contribute to the perfect of sewerage system, the convenience of people's daily life can not only be improved, also helped
In promotion urban development；
2, before carrying out back dilatory pipe, borehole cleaning operation first is carried out to drilling, ensures that drill hole inner wall is smooth, not only facilitates raising pipe
Road lays efficiency, moreover it is possible to reduce the risk of pipe surface damage, extend pipeline service life indirectly；
3, grouting and reinforcing is carried out to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall by mixed serum, helps to reinforce drilling, and avoid ground
Face settles.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow diagram of non-digging drag pipe construction method.
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
Referring to attached drawing 1, a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method includes the following steps：
S1, excavation of foundation pit：According to pipeline desired trajectory and per the length of segment pipe, interval is excavated active well and is connect on the ground
Receive well.
Before actually starting excavation of foundation pit, above and below ground barrier first should be conscientiously investigated, active well and received well are opened
The depth of digging should be determined according to the factors such as pipeline elevation and drilling machine size.Wherein, active well is usually located at 6~10m before drilling machine
Place, mainly for detection of working conditions such as the dilling angle of drilling rod and rotation twistings；And received well is pipeline enters entering for underground
Mouthful, size and construction method are identical as active well.
The working procedure of active well and received well is：Abolish road surface → playing steel sheet pile supporting → cut the earth → clearing mud → enclose
Shield；In practice of construction, answer it is important to note that the pipeline below pavement cannot be destroyed.
S2, guide digging：According to the instruction in the drilling path and position indicator of setting, orientation drill is driven using drilling machine and drilling rod
Head is moved from active well to received well, and pilot hole is drilled out between active well and received well, until starter is by active well
It creeps into received well.
During guide digging, it should be ensured that conducting wire drill bit at the uniform velocity advances；Meanwhile it should judge ground according to the size of resistance
Whether layer has the variation of hard object or soil layer.When stratum is aqueous larger or is layer of sand or silty sand clay, the suffered drilling of starter
Resistance is smaller, therefore propulsion is more convenient；When stratum is harder or without underground water, should be noted into pilot hole by water injection machine
Water reduces drilling resistance to realize lubrication, and cooling drilling tool.Also, when cannot be drilled such as hard barrier, barrier should be recorded
Hinder the specific location of object；If surface condition allows, exploratory heading can be dug by subsurface and by processing of manually going down；As surface condition is not permitted
Perhaps, then overall offset drilling axis is answered.
Meanwhile during guide digging, the speed of drilling is unsuitable too fast, and should determine feeding speed according to Seines types
Degree；In general, rate of penetration is no more than 3m/min in sending layer of sand, and bounce does not occur with drilling machine in pan soil to be advisable.Also,
During starter is gradually deeply laid with depth location to pipeline is predetermined, each jacking drilling depth of starter should control
Within 0.5m；The penetrating angle of starter is no more than 15 °, and angle of being unearthed is no more than 20 °.
S3, reaming：Using drilling machine and drilling rod driving reamer along pilot hole back and forth movement, until bore diameter expands as pipe
1.5~1.7 times of diameter.
In reaming procedure, to prevent reaming sideslip track, borehole enlargement by drawing back should be used.When practice of construction, with reamer
It is gradually pulled back along pilot hole, drilling machine or high-pressure injection pump should be utilized to continue persistently to inject water or drilling fluid to bore inner；Wherein,
Drilling fluid is preferably bentonite slurry.Water or drilling fluid enable bore inner persistently to form mud, to protect pore-forming hole wall, protect
Borehole stability is held, and lubricating action is played to reamer.Meanwhile to ensure reaming quality, it is preferred to use the work of reaming step by step
Reamer is pulled back to received well and changes diameter bigger whenever reamer is pulled back by received well to active well by mode
Reamer, until bore diameter reaches 1.5~1.7 times of pipe diameter；In the process, differential every time to should not be too large, it returns and expands
Differential preferably 100~150mm.In reaming procedure, mud caused by reaming should persistently be arranged by slush pump and pipeline
Go out；Also, when softer appropriate to the occasion quickly return of stratum soil property is expanded；It answers uniform speed slow to return when stratum soil property is harder to expand.
Meanwhile for convenience of subsequent pipeline laying task, after the completion of reaming, borehole cleaning should be first carried out, concrete operations are：It is boring
When Kong Huikuo is to active well, the reamer on drilling rod is unloaded, and the pull-up mud pan that changes the outfit on drilling rod, then by back and forth dragging back and forth
Mud pan is drawn, extra mud in drilling is discharged from drilling.
S4, dilatory pipe is returned：When reamer is back to received well, the tube head of pipeline is sealed and is extended in received well,
Then it utilizes rotary joint and bushing needle that the tube head of pipeline is connected with reamer, starts bench and start pipeline of pulling back, until
The tube head of pipeline is pulled back into active well.
When carrying out back dilatory pipe, it is followed by upper reamer and rotary joint in drilling rod, and upper trombone slide is followed by rotary joint
Head and pipeline to be laid；After bench startup, bench can drive pipeline along drilling motion by drilling rod, until reamer
When reaching the earth's surface of drilling machine side, pipe laying work, which is accused, to be completed.
S5, grouting and reinforcing：It is 1 to inject weight ratio to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall using high-pressure injection pump and pipeline:1
Cement, flyash mixed serum, until filling up the gap of pipeline.
Before carrying out back dilatory pipe, first pipeline outside welding or two slip casting steel pipes of banding fixed, slip casting steel pipe with
Pipeline is isometric；During carrying out back dilatory pipe, slip casting steel pipe will be worn via received well to active well with pipeline.When slip casting steel pipe
After reaching active well, it is fixedly connected with grouting tube by slip casting steel pipe and pipeline uncoupling, and in slip casting steel pipe one end, slip casting steel pipe is remote
One end from grouting tube alternately connects bench and high-pressure injection pump successively.
After starting grouting and reinforcing, high-pressure injection pump can be passed through mixed serum into grouting tube by slip casting steel pipe,
And mixed serum is injected to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall by grouting tube, to effectively block the gap, and realizes and add
Gu；After the reinforcing for completing local location, slip casting steel pipe and high-pressure injection pump uncoupling, and slip casting steel pipe is connected with bench,
Slip casting steel pipe and grouting tube is driven to feed a distance by bench；Preferably, the length of grouting tube is 3-6m, and is noted
The distance that slurry steel pipe is fed every time is equal to the length of grouting tube.
S6, backfilling of earthwork：Active well and received well are backfilled using graded sand and stone.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can as needed make the present embodiment the modification of not creative contribution after reading this specification, but as long as at this
It is all protected by Patent Law in the right of invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method, which is characterized in that including following construction procedure：
S1, excavation of foundation pit：According to pipeline desired trajectory and per the length of segment pipe, interval is excavated active well and is connect on the ground
Receive well；
S2, guide digging：According to setting drilling path and position indicator instruction, using drilling machine and drilling rod driving starter by
Active well is moved to received well, and pilot hole is drilled out between active well and received well, until starter is crept by active well
To received well；
S3, reaming：Using drilling machine and drilling rod driving reamer along pilot hole back and forth movement, until bore diameter expands as caliber
1.5~1.7 times；
S4, dilatory pipe is returned：When reamer is back to received well, the tube head of pipeline is sealed and is extended in received well, then
The tube head of pipeline is connected with reamer using rotary joint and bushing needle, starts bench and starts pipeline of pulling back, until pipeline
Tube head pulled back into active well.
2. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step s 2, led described
Gradually deeply make a reservation for during being laid with depth location to pipeline to drill bit, each jacking drilling depth control of starter exists
Within 0.5m；The penetrating angle of the starter is at most 15 °, and unearthed angle is at most 20 °.
3. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S3 work progress,
Continue to inject water or drilling fluid to bore inner so that mud is formed inside hole, to protect pore-forming hole wall.
4. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S3 work progress,
The diameter of reamer used in increasing step by step carries out multistage reaming to the pilot hole, and return every time expand it is differential be 100~
150mm。
5. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 1 or 4, which is characterized in that in step S3 completions, step
Before S4 starts, borehole cleaning is first carried out：Drawing mud pan is loaded onto on drilling rod, and draws mud pan round-trip in the borehole using drilling machine and drilling rod dragging
Movement is counter-bored in discharge drilling in the hole that device blends native.
6. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after step s 4 is completed, also wrap
Include following steps,
S5, grouting and reinforcing：It is 1 to inject weight ratio to the gap of pipeline and drill hole inner wall using high-pressure injection pump and pipeline:1 water
The mixed serum of mud, flyash, until filling up the gap of pipeline.
7. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that before step S4 starts, pipeline
Outside be fixed with slip casting steel pipe, the slip casting steel pipe is equal with duct length；During step S5 is carried out, the slip casting steel
Pipe with pipeline uncoupling, and one end of slip casting steel pipe connect grouting tube, the described one end of slip casting steel pipe far from grouting tube according to
Secondary alternately connection bench and high-pressure injection pump.
8. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the length of the grouting tube is
3-6m；During step S5 is carried out, bench intermittent drive slip casting steel pipe straight-line feed, and the slip casting steel pipe every time into
The distance given is equal to the length of grouting tube.
9. non-digging drag pipe construction method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that after the completion of step S5, also wrap
Include following steps,
Step S6, backfilling of earthwork：Active well and received well are backfilled using graded sand and stone.
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| CN201810654184.1A CN108678130A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method |
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| CN201810654184.1A CN108678130A (en) | 2018-06-22 | 2018-06-22 | A kind of non-digging drag pipe construction method |
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ID=63811841
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Cited By (13)
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| CN109854811A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-07 | 万晟建设集团有限公司 | Gas pipeline engineering method |
| CN109881764A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-06-14 | 广州市中港建设工程有限公司 | Existing road subsoil drain installs method additional |
| CN110145230A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-20 | 上海勃利燃气设备有限公司 | A kind of horizontal directional drilling trombone slide method |
| CN110274088A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-24 | 武汉市武昌市政建设(集团)有限公司 | A kind of road construction non-excavation type inspection shaft pipeline construction method |
| CN110319274A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-11 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | A kind of new ductile iron pipe drag pipe construction technique |
| CN111236390A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 中建四局安装工程有限公司 | Push pipe trenchless construction method |
| CN112523241A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-19 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | Horizontal well-forming foundation pit dewatering process |
| CN112923129A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 四川石油天然气建设工程有限责任公司 | Butt-joint type dragging pipe construction process and system for oil and gas pipelines |
| CN113931276A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-14 | 广东恒实建设集团有限公司 | Underground drainage pipeline non-excavation construction method |
| CN114149795A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 中铁八局集团第一工程有限公司 | Guide hole wall protection slurry |
| CN114165162A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁八局集团第一工程有限公司 | Construction method of ultra-long downward-penetrating directional drilling and pipe-pulling method |
| CN114992385A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction method for connecting large-diameter long-distance steel water delivery pipeline by multiple joints and dragging |
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| CN109854811A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-06-07 | 万晟建设集团有限公司 | Gas pipeline engineering method |
| CN109854811B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-12-04 | 万晟建设集团有限公司 | Gas pipeline construction method |
| CN109881764A (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2019-06-14 | 广州市中港建设工程有限公司 | Existing road subsoil drain installs method additional |
| CN109881764B (en) * | 2019-01-26 | 2020-09-08 | 广州市中港建设工程有限公司 | Method for additionally installing existing road underground drainage pipeline |
| CN110145230A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-08-20 | 上海勃利燃气设备有限公司 | A kind of horizontal directional drilling trombone slide method |
| CN110274088A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-24 | 武汉市武昌市政建设(集团)有限公司 | A kind of road construction non-excavation type inspection shaft pipeline construction method |
| CN110319274A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-10-11 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | A kind of new ductile iron pipe drag pipe construction technique |
| CN111236390A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 中建四局安装工程有限公司 | Push pipe trenchless construction method |
| CN112523241A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-19 | 上海长凯岩土工程有限公司 | Horizontal well-forming foundation pit dewatering process |
| CN112923129A (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2021-06-08 | 四川石油天然气建设工程有限责任公司 | Butt-joint type dragging pipe construction process and system for oil and gas pipelines |
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| CN113931276B (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-08-02 | 广东恒实建设集团有限公司 | Non-excavation construction method for underground drainage pipeline |
| CN114149795A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-08 | 中铁八局集团第一工程有限公司 | Guide hole wall protection slurry |
| CN114165162A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-03-11 | 中铁八局集团第一工程有限公司 | Construction method of ultra-long downward-penetrating directional drilling and pipe-pulling method |
| CN114992385A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-09-02 | 中建一局集团建设发展有限公司 | Construction method for connecting large-diameter long-distance steel water delivery pipeline by multiple joints and dragging |
| CN115370828A (en) * | 2022-09-09 | 2022-11-22 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Sewage drag pipe structure for passing through water source protection area and construction method |
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