CN114233190A - Cable construction process for crossing river - Google Patents
Cable construction process for crossing river Download PDFInfo
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- CN114233190A CN114233190A CN202111586250.4A CN202111586250A CN114233190A CN 114233190 A CN114233190 A CN 114233190A CN 202111586250 A CN202111586250 A CN 202111586250A CN 114233190 A CN114233190 A CN 114233190A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/20—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes
- E21B7/205—Driving or forcing casings or pipes into boreholes, e.g. sinking; Simultaneously drilling and casing boreholes without earth removal
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
- E21B7/30—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring without earth removal
Abstract
The invention provides a construction process for a cable to cross a river channel, which comprises the following steps: selecting a drill guiding point and a drill discharging point, and determining a drill guiding point coordinate and a drill discharging point coordinate; determining an entry angle of a drilling point and an exit angle of a drilling point; determining that the horizontal directional drill crosses the rock stratum of the river channel, wherein the drill hole of the drill leading point and the drill hole of the drill discharging point are both positioned between 11.5m and 15.6m below the river bed of the river channel, and the crossing layer of the horizontal directional drill crosses the river channel is positioned on the sandstone stratum of the river channel; in trenchless directional drilling construction, a drill bit enters from a drilling guide point and drives a drill rod to rotate and advance until the drill bit penetrates out of the ground from a drilling outlet point, the drill bit is replaced by a back-expansion head, and the drill rod drives the back-expansion head to back-drag from the drilling outlet point to the drilling guide point; and (3) fixing a pipeline on the back-reaming head positioned at the drilling guide point, and carrying out pipeline laying construction by moving the back-reaming head from the drilling guide point to the drilling outlet point along with the pipeline. According to the method, the drill guiding point and the drill discharging point are selected, the crossing layer is determined, and finally the non-excavation directional drilling construction is carried out, so that the problem that the horizontal directional drilling is easy to collapse when a hole is formed is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cable construction, in particular to a construction process for a cable to cross a river channel.
Background
In general, when cables are laid, the cables need to be detoured or erected when meeting river channels such as yellow rivers. However, whether the construction is detour or erection, the construction method has the disadvantages of large engineering investment, long construction period, extra increase of engineering land and the like.
In order to greatly reduce the engineering investment, shorten the construction period and save the engineering land, a cable river-crossing drilling construction process is urgently needed to be researched so as to open the power transmission channels on two banks of the river.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction process for cable drilling across a river channel, which comprises the steps of selecting a drilling guide point and a drilling outlet point, determining a crossing layer, and finally performing non-excavation directional drilling construction, so that the problem that a horizontal directional drilling tunnel is easy to collapse is effectively solved.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows:
a construction process for a cable to cross a river channel comprises the following steps:
selecting a drill guiding point and a drill discharging point, and determining a drill guiding point coordinate and a drill discharging point coordinate according to the planned horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length, the actual conditions on two sides of the river channel and the curvature radius of the casing; determining an entry angle of the drilling point and an exit angle of the drilling point according to the drilling point guiding coordinate, the drilling point exiting coordinate and the actual horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length;
determining that the horizontal directional drill crosses the rock stratum of the river channel, wherein the drill hole of the drill leading point and the drill hole of the drill discharging point are both positioned between 11.5m and 15.6m below the river bed of the river channel, and the crossing layer of the horizontal directional drill crosses the river channel is positioned on the sandstone stratum of the river channel;
constructing a non-excavation directional drill, namely, according to a set angle, enabling a drill bit to enter from a drill guiding point and driving a drill rod to rotate and advance, replacing the drill bit with a back expansion head after the drill bit penetrates out of the ground from the drill discharging point, and dragging the drill rod back to the drill guiding point from the drill discharging point with the back expansion head; and (3) fixing a pipeline on the back-reaming head positioned at the drilling guide point, and carrying out pipeline laying construction by moving the back-reaming head from the drilling guide point to the drilling outlet point along with the pipeline.
In one possible implementation, the horizontal directional drilling across a crossing layer of a river course is located on a sandstone layer of the river course, and includes:
a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the sandstone layer around the drilling point, and the liquefied thickness of the liquefied soil layer is 8.9;
the sandstone layer comprises a sandy shale layer and a argillaceous siltstone layer, the sandy shale layer is positioned below the argillaceous siltstone layer, and a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the argillaceous siltstone layer;
the horizontal directional drilling crosses the crossing layer of the river channel and is positioned on the sandy shale layer of the river channel.
In a possible implementation manner, the selecting a drill point leading and a drill point exiting includes:
the west bank of the river channel is used as a drill point, the east bank side pump station cable well of the river channel is used as a drill point, and the difference between the drill point and the drill point is more than 20 m;
the horizontal directional drilling curve is more than or equal to 1500D;
the horizontal directional drilling is planned to traverse a horizontal length > 1100 m.
In one possible implementation form of the method,
in one possible implementation, the trenchless directional drilling construction includes:
directional drilling, wherein the directional drilling uses a mud motor to penetrate through a sandstone layer;
reaming, namely performing multistage reaming by using different rock drilling tools, wherein a primary effective reaming maximum drill bit is added for each stage of reaming;
washing the hole, namely after reaming, washing the hole by using a reamer and an extruding-expanding device until the torque and the dragging force reach back dragging parameters;
the back dragging pipeline is constructed by using a sleeve to back drag, and the back dragging is divided into two stages: in the first stage, the sleeve is completely outside the hole, so that the friction resistance between the sleeve and the contact surface is reduced; and in the second stage, the PE pipe is integrally pulled back, and after the PE pipe is pulled back, high-lubrication slurry is injected into the PE pipe, and the buoyancy and the slurry lubrication effect of the slurry are utilized.
In a possible implementation mode, the back dragging pipeline performs back dragging by excavating a sending ditch and injecting water into the ditch to float the pipe.
In one possible implementation, the horizontal directional drilling across a crossing layer of a river course is located on a sandstone layer of the river course, and includes:
two treating agents, namely a horizontal directional drilling carrying agent SDX and a horizontal directional drilling tackifying fluid loss agent SDJ;
the drill bit enters from the drill guiding point and drives the drill rod to advance in a rotating mode, and the drilling method comprises the following steps:
the included angle between the drill guide rail and the horizontal plane is at least 1 degree larger than the designed included angle.
In one possible implementation, the trenchless directional drilling construction includes:
adopting an ABS geomagnetic wired steering instrument to conduct guiding construction;
laying an alternating current cable coil, and erecting an alternating current and loop cable on the ground surface above the central line to form a closed alternating current cable coil;
and in the crossing process, the magnetic signal source is used as a guide hole to cross ABS geomagnetism and is provided with a wire steering system.
In one possible implementation, the reaming includes:
pre-reaming is carried out on the first-stage reaming by using a phi 24-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the second-stage reaming by using a phi 32-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the third-stage reaming by using a phi 38 inch runner type reamer;
the fourth stage was pre-reamed with a 43 inch flow path reamer.
In a possible implementation manner, the back-dragging pipeline performs back dragging by excavating a sending ditch and injecting water into the ditch to float the pipe, and the back-dragging pipeline includes:
when digging a sending ditch, calculating the gradient of the section of the sending ditch where the pipeline enters the hole, and ensuring the smoothness and smoothness of the sending ditch and the through hole;
the soil-entering angle of the pipeline is consistent with the actual soil-leaving angle, the bottom of the trench is ensured not to be damaged by hard objects, and the trench is arranged to meet the curvature of the pipeline.
In one possible implementation, during back-dragging operation, high-lubrication slurry is added, so that the high-lubrication slurry is attached to the surface of the pipeline like a film, and back-dragging resistance is reduced.
In a possible implementation mode, before the pipeline is dragged back, water with a certain weight is injected into the pipeline, and the pipeline is ensured to float upwards controllably.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the method, the drill guiding point and the drill discharging point are selected, the crossing layer is determined, and finally the non-excavation directional drilling construction is carried out, so that the problem that the horizontal directional drilling is easy to collapse when a hole is formed is effectively solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a construction process for drilling a cable across a river.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art should understand that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents or substitutions made by these embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.
The trenchless directional drilling technology is a construction technology for laying, maintaining, replacing or detecting underground pipelines and pipelines by a method with less or no trenching. The trenchless directional drilling construction process comprises the following steps: 1. and (5) advancing the drill rod of the drill bit. After the equipment is fixed, the drill bit drives the drill rod to rotate and advance under the action of the power head according to a set angle, and drills according to the depth and the length required by construction under the control of the guide instrument, and penetrates through the ground obstacle and then penetrates out of the ground. In the drilling process, in order to prevent the drill rod from being clamped and locked by a soil layer, the mud pump is required to pump out expanded cement or mud through the drill rod and a drill bit, and meanwhile, the mud pump also plays a role in solidifying a channel and preventing a pipeline from collapsing. 2. And (4) performing back expansion by the back expansion head. After the drill bit penetrates out of the ground with the drill rod, the drill bit is removed, the back expansion head is installed and fixed on the drill rod, the power head is pulled back, the drill rod drives the back expansion head to pull back reversely, and the diameter size of the pipeline is enlarged. 3. The pipeline is pulled back. And fixing the pipeline after the back expansion head drags the drill rod by the power head while dragging the back expansion head back, and simultaneously carrying out reverse back dragging movement on the back expansion head and the pipeline until the pipeline is dragged out of the ground, thereby finishing pipeline laying construction.
Referring to fig. 1, a cable river crossing construction process disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention includes:
selecting a drill guiding point and a drill discharging point, and determining a drill guiding point coordinate and a drill discharging point coordinate according to the planned horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length, the actual conditions on two sides of the river channel and the curvature radius of the casing; determining an entry angle of the drilling point and an exit angle of the drilling point according to the drilling point guiding coordinate, the drilling point exiting coordinate and the actual horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length;
determining that the horizontal directional drill crosses the rock stratum of the river channel, wherein the drill hole of the drill leading point and the drill hole of the drill discharging point are both positioned between 11.5m and 15.6m below the river bed of the river channel, and the crossing layer of the horizontal directional drill crosses the river channel is positioned on the sandstone stratum of the river channel;
constructing a non-excavation directional drill, namely, according to a set angle, enabling a drill bit to enter from a drill guiding point and driving a drill rod to rotate and advance, replacing the drill bit with a back expansion head after the drill bit penetrates out of the ground from the drill discharging point, and dragging the drill rod back to the drill guiding point from the drill discharging point with the back expansion head; and (3) fixing a pipeline on the back-reaming head positioned at the drilling guide point, and carrying out pipeline laying construction by moving the back-reaming head from the drilling guide point to the drilling outlet point along with the pipeline.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal directional drilling across the crossing layer of the river course is located on the sandstone layer of the river course, and comprises:
a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the sandstone layer around the drilling point, and the liquefied thickness of the liquefied soil layer is 8.9;
the sandstone layer comprises a sandy shale layer and a argillaceous siltstone layer, the sandy shale layer is positioned below the argillaceous siltstone layer, and a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the argillaceous siltstone layer;
the horizontal directional drilling crosses the crossing layer of the river channel and is positioned on the sandy shale layer of the river channel.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, selecting a drill point and a drill point comprises:
the west bank of the river channel is used as a drill point, the east bank side pump station cable well of the river channel is used as a drill point, and the difference between the drill point and the drill point is more than 20 m;
the horizontal directional drilling curve is more than or equal to 1500D;
the horizontal directional drilling is planned to traverse a horizontal length > 1100 m.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the trenchless directional drilling construction comprises the following steps:
directional drilling, wherein the directional drilling uses a mud motor to penetrate through a sandstone layer;
reaming, namely performing multistage reaming by using different rock drilling tools, wherein a primary effective reaming maximum drill bit is added for each stage of reaming;
washing the hole, namely after reaming, washing the hole by using a reamer and an extruding-expanding device until the torque and the dragging force reach back dragging parameters;
the back dragging pipeline is constructed by using a sleeve to back drag, and the back dragging is divided into two stages: in the first stage, the sleeve is completely outside the hole, so that the friction resistance between the sleeve and the contact surface is reduced; and in the second stage, the PE pipe is integrally pulled back, and after the PE pipe is pulled back, high-lubrication slurry is injected into the PE pipe, and the buoyancy and the slurry lubrication effect of the slurry are utilized.
The PE tubular product of SDR11 De200 wall thickness 22.4mm is selected for use to the tubular product of this disclosed embodiment, and it is thicker to consider the great wall thickness of tubular product diameter, and the stay tube construction is higher to tubular product welding interface intensity requirement, but reduces the cracked risk of pipeline interface greatly reduced of pipeline interface quantity. Therefore, the 16 m-long customized PE pipe is adopted in the pipe drawing construction, and the hot melting technology is selected as the connection mode of the PE pipe.
Centering: and checking the coaxiality of the PE pipes, wherein the end faces of the two welded pipes are completely centered, the smaller the misalignment, the better the misalignment, and the misalignment can not exceed 10% of the wall thickness, otherwise, the butt joint quality is influenced.
Heating: the heating temperature is preferably 210-230 deg.C, the heating time is controlled to about 200s according to the wall thickness, and the melting length of both end surfaces is preferably 1-2 mm.
Switching: and after the heat absorption time is reached, the heating plate is taken away, the two hot-melting end faces are quickly adhered and pressurized, the shorter the switching period is, the better the switching period is, the collision with the molten end faces is avoided when the heating plate is taken, and if the collision occurs, the whole welding process is restarted after the molten end faces are completely cooled.
Fusion butt joint: the fusion butt joint is a welded pipe fitting, the butt joint process is always carried out under the fusion pressure, and the width of the curled edge is preferably 2-4 mm.
And (3) cooling: keeping the butt joint pressure unchanged, and slowly cooling the joint for about 600s which is 3 times of the heating time, wherein the rolling edge is hard when touched by hands and no heat is felt.
And (3) completing butt joint: after the cooling time is reached, the pressure is reduced to zero, the slips are loosened, the butt-joint machine is removed, and the next interface connection is prepared again.
Checking the quality of the hot melting interface: for appearance quality inspection of PE pipe hot-melt interfaces, the self-checking quantity is 100%, the qualified rate of the welding interfaces is 100%, and the unqualified interfaces are butted again. The appearance inspection can be performed according to the following inspection points: 1) checking whether the turned edge is normal and uniform, the turned edge cannot have a notch or a gap-shaped defect, obvious spongy scum cannot appear, no obvious air hole exists, and measuring the width of the turned edge within a specified size range by using a turned edge measurer; 2) after the edge curl is cut off by the PE, the bottom of the edge curl is checked, and the welding interface of the pipeline is free from pollutants and the like; 3) the PE pipe checks that the welding interface at the bottom of the turned edge is not cracked due to insufficient fusion; 4) the curled edge is bent backwards, and cracks caused by insufficient fusion cannot occur; 5) and checking that the pipe joints at two ends correspond to a quasi-straight line, and the misalignment amount of the end port cannot exceed 10% of the wall thickness of the pipe.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the back dragging pipeline performs back dragging in a mode of excavating a sending ditch and injecting water floating pipes into the ditch.
In order to solve the technical problems that the back dragging resistance is large when a pipeline is back dragged and the soil entering angle of the pipeline is not well controlled in the prior art, the auxiliary device for the directional drill to pass through the back dragging pipeline comprises an inwards concave base, a plurality of supporting assemblies and a plurality of lifting parts, wherein the supporting assemblies and the lifting parts are arranged in the inwards concave base at intervals along the length direction of the inwards concave base; the fixed end of the lifting part is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the concave base; the supporting component is connected with the side wall of the concave base in a sliding manner, is connected with the lifting end of the lifting part and can be driven by the lifting part to do lifting motion along the side wall of the concave base; the back-dragging pipeline is placed on the supporting component, and the supporting component is in rolling connection with the back-dragging pipeline. The supporting assembly comprises a supporting seat, a plurality of rollers and a plurality of partition plates, wherein the rollers and the partition plates are arranged in the supporting seat; the two sides of the supporting seat are in sliding connection with the side wall of the concave base; the plurality of partition plates are arranged at intervals along the width direction of the concave base and are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the supporting seat; the top end of the supporting seat is fixedly connected with two inclined lug plates which are symmetrically arranged relative to the central line of the supporting seat; the rollers are respectively connected between the lug plates and the partition plates in a rotating mode, are arranged at intervals to form arc-shaped structures, and can be used for supporting the back-dragging pipeline. The lifting part comprises a lifting piece; the machine body of the lifting piece is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the concave base, and the lifting end of the lifting piece is in contact connection with the supporting component. The auxiliary device for the directional drill to pass through the back-dragging pipeline also comprises lubricating liquid; the lubricating liquid is filled in the support seat and submerges the bottom surface of the roller. The auxiliary device for the directional drill to pass through the back-dragging pipeline further comprises two limiting plates; the two limiting plates are fixedly connected to two sides of the inwards concave base; the distance between the two limiting plates is larger than the outer diameter of the back dragging pipeline. The embodiment of the disclosure is characterized in that the inner concave base, the plurality of supporting components and the plurality of lifting parts are arranged; further arranging a plurality of supporting components and a plurality of lifting parts in the concave base along the length direction of the concave base at intervals, then fixedly connecting the fixed ends of the lifting parts to the bottom surface of the concave base, and simultaneously connecting the supporting components with the side wall of the concave base in a sliding manner and connecting the lifting ends of the lifting parts, so that the supporting components can be driven by the lifting parts to do lifting motion along the side wall of the concave base, thereby conveniently controlling the soil entry angle of the towing pipe on the supporting components, and recently connecting the supporting components with the towing pipe in a rolling manner, thereby reducing the friction force between the supporting components and the towing pipe, effectively solving the technical problems that the towing resistance is large when the pipe is towed backwards, the soil entry angle of the pipe is not well controlled in the prior art, reducing the friction force between the pipe and the soil entry, and conveniently controlling the soil entry angle, the smoothness of the back dragging of the pipeline is improved, and the technical effect of construction efficiency is improved. The embodiment of the disclosure realizes the purposes of reducing the friction between the pipeline and the soil inlet, conveniently controlling the soil inlet angle, improving the smoothness of the back dragging of the pipeline and improving the construction efficiency.
In order to solve the technical problem that the load of a drilling machine is increased due to the fact that friction force between the pipeline and a hole wall is large in the back dragging process in the prior art, the directional drilling pipeline back dragging power assisting device disclosed by the embodiment of the application comprises a clamping mechanism and a pushing assembly; the clamping mechanism comprises a shell, a power system, two clamping assemblies and two elastic pieces; the two clamping assemblies are symmetrically arranged in the shell about the center line of the shell; the power system is arranged in the shell, is respectively connected with the two clamping components and can drive the two clamping components to move oppositely; the power system has two states of pressing and pressure relief, when the power system presses, the two clamping components move oppositely under the driving of the power system and clamp the outer wall of the back dragging pipeline; when the power system is depressurized, the two clamping components are driven by the two elastic pieces to move away from each other, and the back-dragging pipeline is loosened; the stiff end fixed connection of promotion subassembly in ground, the output fixed connection of promotion subassembly in the casing, can drive clamping mechanism and move along the length direction that drags the pipeline back. The clamping assembly comprises an arc-shaped ring, a piston rod, a cylinder body and a convex shoulder; the cylinder body is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the shell, and the interior of the cylinder body is communicated with the output end of the power system; one end of the piston rod extends into the cylinder body and is connected with the inner wall of the cylinder body in a sliding manner, and the other end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped ring; the convex shoulder is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the piston rod, the elastic piece is sleeved on the piston rod, one end of the elastic piece is connected with the convex shoulder, and the other end of the elastic piece is connected with the shell. A connecting beam is arranged in the shell; two sliding sleeves are fixedly connected to two ends of the connecting beam, and the end parts of the two piston rods, which are far away from the cylinder body, respectively penetrate through the two sliding sleeves and are in sliding connection with the two sliding sleeves; the end of the elastic element, which is far away from the shoulder, is in contact connection with the sliding sleeve. The power system comprises an oil tank arranged in the shell, an oil pump arranged on the oil tank, an electromagnetic valve and an oil separator; the input end of the oil pump extends into the oil tank, and the output end of the oil pump is communicated with the electromagnetic valve through a pipeline; the oil separator is arranged on the electromagnetic valve and communicated with the output end of the electromagnetic valve, and two output ends of the oil separator are respectively communicated with the two cylinder bodies through pipelines. The electromagnetic valve is a two-position three-way electromagnetic valve; the input end of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the output end of the oil pump, one output end of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the input end of the oil separator, and the other output end of the electromagnetic valve is communicated with the oil tank. The pushing assembly comprises a base and two pushing pieces; the base is fixedly connected to the ground; the machine body of the pushing piece is fixedly connected to the base, and the output end of the pushing piece is fixedly connected to the shell; the distance between the two pushing pieces is larger than the outer diameter of the back dragging pipeline. The clamping mechanism and the pushing assembly are arranged; the clamping mechanism comprises a shell, a power system, two clamping assemblies and two elastic pieces; the two clamping assemblies are symmetrically arranged in the shell about the center line of the shell and are respectively connected with the two elastic pieces; the power system is arranged in the shell and is respectively connected with the two clamping components, so that the two clamping components can be driven to move oppositely; the power system is provided with two states of pressing and pressure relief, when the power system presses, the two clamping components move oppositely under the driving of the power system and clamp the outer wall of the back dragging pipeline; when the power system is depressurized, the two clamping components are driven by the two elastic pieces to move away from each other, and the back-dragging pipeline is loosened; the fixed end of the pushing assembly is fixedly connected to the ground, the output end of the pushing assembly is fixedly connected to the shell, the power system is pressed, the back of the back dragging pipeline is clamped through the two clamping assemblies, the pushing assembly drives the clamping mechanism to move for a stroke along the length direction of the pipeline, the auxiliary pushing pipeline is further pushed into a drill hole, the power system is decompressed, the back of the back dragging pipeline is loosened, the pushing assembly drives the clamping mechanism to move for a stroke in the reverse direction, then the clamping pushing action before repeating is continued, and finally the pipeline is pushed to enter the drill hole in an auxiliary mode step by step. The technical problem that the friction force between the pipeline and the hole wall is large in the back dragging process of the pipeline in the prior art, so that the load of the drilling machine is increased is effectively solved, the technical effects that the pipeline is pushed into the drill hole in an auxiliary mode in the back dragging process of the drilling machine, the load of the drilling machine is reduced, and the service life of the drilling machine is prolonged are achieved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal directional drilling across the crossing layer of the river course is located on the sandstone layer of the river course, and comprises:
two treating agents, namely a horizontal directional drilling carrying agent SDX and a horizontal directional drilling tackifying fluid loss agent SDJ;
the drill bit enters from the drill guiding point and drives the drill rod to advance rotationally, and the drilling method comprises the following steps:
the included angle between the drill guide rail and the horizontal plane is at least 1 degree larger than the designed included angle.
As the ground fine sand layer mainly passes through the ground layer at the entrance section of the line and is a liquefied soil layer, the liquefaction thickness is 8.9, and the bottom depth of the liquefied soil layer is 12.3 m. The sandstone below the riverbed of the riverway is in a non-cemented state, collapse is easy to occur when horizontal directional drilling is carried out to form a hole, the lower sandy shale layer and the muddy silty sandstone layer have certain strength, the natural compressive strength is 0.72-1.75 MPa, and the sandstone layer of the embodiment of the disclosure is actually represented as granular sandy soil and has poor disturbance. Aiming at the geological parameters and the actual performance analysis, due to the fact that the crossing distance is long, the crossing time is long, the probability of increasing the torque of a drill rod and increasing the pushing force or the pulling force is greatly increased, the lubricity and the long-distance fluidity and portability of mud need to be increased, the requirement on the mud is high, various treating agents are optimized to overcome the adverse factors, and finally two treating agents, namely a horizontal directional drilling carrier SDX and a horizontal directional drilling viscosifying fluid loss agent SDJ, are determined. SDX has good suspension shearing capacity, and the addition amount is 0.03-0.1%; the SDJ has good wall-building and plugging capabilities, and the addition amount is 0.05-0.3%.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the trenchless directional drilling construction comprises the following steps:
adopting an ABS geomagnetic wired steering instrument to conduct guiding construction;
laying an alternating current cable coil, and erecting an alternating current and loop cable on the ground surface above the central line to form a closed alternating current cable coil;
and in the crossing process, the magnetic signal source is used as a guide hole to cross ABS geomagnetism and is provided with a wire steering system.
The soil-entering angle of the embodiment of the disclosure is 5.5 degrees, the soil-exiting angle is 6 degrees, and due to the fact that the distance of crossing a river channel is long, the ABS geomagnetic wired steering instrument is planned to be adopted for guiding construction. And laying an alternating current cable coil, erecting an alternating current and loop cable on the ground surface above the crossing center line to form a closed alternating current cable coil, and using the closed alternating current cable coil as a guide hole to cross a magnetic signal source of the ABS geomagnetic wired steering system in the crossing process. And the guide hole is accurately positioned through an artificial magnetic field.
The device aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, a guide signal line is in contact with the inner wall of a drill rod to form friction, so that signal short circuit or even disconnection is caused, the safe transmission of data signals cannot be guaranteed, and the possibility of being scoured and wound by mud exists. The directional drill of the trenchless directional drill comprises a support ring assembly, an inner pipe and a locking assembly; the inner pipe is arranged on the axial lead of the support ring component and is in sliding connection with the support ring component; the end part of the locking assembly is fixedly connected to the support ring assembly, the locking assembly is sleeved on the outer side surface of the inner pipe, and the inner pipe can be locked at the axis of the support ring assembly. The support ring assembly comprises an outer ring, a central tube and a support structure; the central tube is positioned at the axial lead of the outer ring and is fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the outer ring through a supporting structure; the inner pipe penetrates through the central pipe and the locking assembly and is in sliding connection with the inner side surface of the central pipe; one end of the central tube is fixedly connected with the locking component. The locking assembly comprises a fixed pipe, a conical pipe and a locking nut; one end of the fixed pipe is fixedly connected with the end part of the central pipe; the small end of the conical pipe is fixedly connected with the end part of the fixed pipe, which is far away from the central pipe, and a plurality of grooves are axially penetrated through the side surface of the conical pipe; the locking nut is in threaded connection with the outer side face of the fixed pipe and can move along the axial direction of the fixed pipe and extrude the conical pipe so as to achieve locking action on the inner pipe. The inner diameter of the fixed pipe is equal to that of the central pipe, and the inner diameter of the fixed pipe is equal to that of the inner pipe; the inner diameter of the small opening end of the conical pipe is equal to that of the fixed pipe, and the outer diameter of the small opening end of the conical pipe is equal to that of the fixed pipe. The lateral surface of fixed pipe is provided with the external screw thread, and lock nut passes through external screw thread and fixed pipe threaded connection. The support structure comprises a plurality of support blocks; the supporting blocks are arranged on the inner side surface of the outer ring in an annular array mode relative to the axial lead of the outer ring; the end of the supporting block, which is far away from the outer ring, is fixedly connected to the side surface of the central tube. The embodiment of the disclosure is characterized in that a supporting ring assembly, an inner pipe and a locking assembly are arranged; the inner pipe is arranged on the axial lead of the support ring component and is in sliding connection with the support ring component, so that the inner pipe can be conveniently inserted into the support ring component, and a signal wire can be conveniently laid in the inner pipe; then with locking Assembly's tip fixed connection in support ring subassembly, and cup joint locking Assembly in the lateral surface of inner tube, can lock the inner tube in the axle center department of support ring subassembly, realize being fixed in the inner tube with the signal line inside, avoid the signal line to contact the inner wall of drilling rod to cause the friction and avoid being erodeed the winding by mud, effectively solved among the prior art direction signal line contact drilling rod inner wall and form the friction, cause the signal short circuit or even open circuit, can not guarantee data signal's safe transmission, there is the possible technical problem that is erodeed the winding by mud simultaneously, realized avoiding direction signal line contact drilling rod inner wall, avoid being erodeed the winding by mud, can guarantee data signal's safe transmission, reduce the waste of direction signal line and improve the technological effect of efficiency of construction.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reaming comprises:
pre-reaming is carried out on the first-stage reaming by using a phi 24-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the second-stage reaming by using a phi 32-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the third-stage reaming by using a phi 38 inch runner type reamer;
the fourth stage was pre-reamed with a 43 inch flow path reamer.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the back dragging pipeline performs back dragging by excavating a sending ditch and injecting water into the ditch, and comprises:
when digging a sending ditch, calculating the gradient of the section of the sending ditch where the pipeline enters the hole, and ensuring the smoothness and smoothness of the sending ditch and the through hole;
the soil-entering angle of the pipeline is consistent with the actual soil-leaving angle, the bottom of the trench is ensured not to be damaged by hard objects, and the trench is arranged to meet the curvature of the pipeline.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, during back-dragging operation, high-lubrication slurry is added, so that the high-lubrication slurry is attached to the surface of the pipeline like a film, and the back-dragging resistance is reduced.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the drilling machine is in place at the position passing through the central line, and after the drilling machine is in place, system connection and trial operation are carried out, so that normal work of equipment is ensured. (1) The included angle between the drill guide rail and the horizontal plane is generally 1 degree larger than the designed soil-entering angle. Because the drill rod is drawn back and forth during drilling and sinks, a margin of 1 degree is reserved in advance. (2) The drilling machine is firm and stable in installation, test operation is carried out after the drilling machine is qualified through inspection, and the dragging force is adjusted according to the size and the length of the pipe diameter passing through and the bearing capacity of the drilling tool. (3) And carefully and accurately correcting the steering system to be completely accurate.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, before the pipeline is pulled back, a certain weight of water is injected into the pipeline to ensure that the pipeline floats upwards controllably.
The pipeline back-dragging control measures of the embodiment of the invention comprise the following steps:
the first measure is as follows: the pipeline back dragging is carried out by adopting a mode of sending a ditch and floating pipes in the ditch. When the sending ditch is dug, the gradient of the section of the sending ditch where the pipeline enters the hole is calculated, smoothness and smoothness of the sending ditch and the section of the sending ditch passing through the hole are ensured, the consistency of the soil-entering angle and the actual soil-exiting angle of the pipeline is ensured, the bottom of the guiding ditch is ensured not to be damaged by hard objects, the curvature of the pipeline is met, and the pipeline is not damaged.
And step two: during back dragging operation, high lubricating slurry is added to make the high lubricating slurry adhere to the surface of the pipeline like a film, so that back dragging resistance is reduced.
Taking the third step: before and after the back-dragging, a repaired mouth, a repaired wound material and an appliance are prepared, and a special person is arranged to patrol the pipeline.
And step four: before pulling back, all equipment and instruments on the construction site are comprehensively checked, and easily damaged equipment and instruments are recorded in advance and easily damaged accessories are prepared.
The fifth measure is that: before the steel sleeve returns to the towing position, in order to reduce the friction force between the upward floating of the steel sleeve and the hole, water with a certain weight is injected into the steel sleeve, and the upward floating of the steel sleeve is ensured to be controllable.
The fifth measure is that: before back dragging, in order to ensure that the friction force of the PE pipe in the pipeline is small, a lubricant is required to be smeared outside the PE pipe so as to reduce the friction force of the pipeline.
Aiming at the engineering geological condition of the embodiment, the overall drillability of the rock soil is general, the hole forming performance of the liquefied soil layer and the silty clay layer is good, but the horizontal directional drilling construction is easy to collapse, is not suitable for the directional drilling construction, and the hole forming performance of the sandstone layer is poor, but the bearing capacity is good, and the collapse is not easy. Therefore, the crossing layer is selected to be a sandstone layer, and the drill hole is positioned between 11.5 and 15.6 meters below the riverbed.
Because the straight slit steel pipe is adopted as the casing pipe for drilling the river channel, the wall of the hole is stabilized, the PE pipe and the power cable are ensured to be laid smoothly, the horizontal length of planned horizontal directional drilling crossing is 1140m according to the yield strength, deflection and trenchless horizontal directional drilling curve requirements of the casing pipe, the site coordinates, elevation and plane positions of the drilling points, the west bank of the river channel is taken as a soil outlet point, the cable well position of a pump station is taken as a drill point, the drilling point is about 130 meters in the east of the road, the soil inlet angle is 5.5 degrees, the soil outlet angle is 6 degrees, the curvature radius is 1500D (D is the outer diameter of the steel pipe), the crossing depth is 41.6m (relative to the soil inlet point), and the fall of the drilling points is about 23 meters.
According to the method, the drill guiding point and the drill discharging point are selected, the crossing layer is determined, and finally the non-excavation directional drilling construction is carried out, so that the problem that the horizontal directional drilling is easy to collapse when a hole is formed is effectively solved.
The above-listed detailed description is only a specific description of a possible embodiment of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a cable bores river course construction technology more, its characterized in that includes:
selecting a drill guiding point and a drill discharging point, and determining a drill guiding point coordinate and a drill discharging point coordinate according to the planned horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length, the actual conditions on two sides of the river channel and the curvature radius of the casing; determining an entry angle of the drilling point and an exit angle of the drilling point according to the drilling point guiding coordinate, the drilling point exiting coordinate and the actual horizontal directional drilling crossing horizontal length;
determining that the horizontal directional drill crosses the rock stratum of the river channel, wherein the drill hole of the drill leading point and the drill hole of the drill discharging point are both positioned between 11.5m and 15.6m below the river bed of the river channel, and the crossing layer of the horizontal directional drill crosses the river channel is positioned on the sandstone stratum of the river channel;
constructing a non-excavation directional drill, namely, according to a set angle, enabling a drill bit to enter from a drill guiding point and driving a drill rod to rotate and advance, replacing the drill bit with a back expansion head after the drill bit penetrates out of the ground from the drill discharging point, and dragging the drill rod back to the drill guiding point from the drill discharging point with the back expansion head; and (3) fixing a pipeline on the back-reaming head positioned at the drilling guide point, and carrying out pipeline laying construction by moving the back-reaming head from the drilling guide point to the drilling outlet point along with the pipeline.
2. The cable crossing river channel construction process of claim 1, wherein the traversing layer of the horizontal directional drilling crossing river channel is located in a sandstone layer of the river channel, and the process comprises the following steps:
a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the sandstone layer around the drilling point, and the liquefied thickness of the liquefied soil layer is 8.9;
the sandstone layer comprises a sandy shale layer and a argillaceous siltstone layer, the sandy shale layer is positioned below the argillaceous siltstone layer, and a liquefied soil layer is arranged above the argillaceous siltstone layer;
the horizontal directional drilling crosses the crossing layer of the river channel and is positioned on the sandy shale layer of the river channel.
3. The cable river crossing construction process according to claim 1, wherein the selecting of the drilling points comprises:
the west bank of the river channel is used as a drill point, the east bank side pump station cable well of the river channel is used as a drill point, and the difference between the drill point and the drill point is more than 20 m;
the horizontal directional drilling curve is more than or equal to 1500D;
the horizontal directional drilling is planned to traverse a horizontal length > 1100 m.
4. The cable river crossing construction process according to claim 1, wherein the trenchless directional drilling construction comprises:
directional drilling, wherein the directional drilling uses a mud motor to penetrate through a sandstone layer;
reaming, namely performing multistage reaming by using different rock drilling tools, wherein a primary effective reaming maximum drill bit is added for each stage of reaming;
washing the hole, namely after reaming, washing the hole by using a reamer and an extruding-expanding device until the torque and the dragging force reach back dragging parameters;
the back dragging pipeline is constructed by using a sleeve to back drag, and the back dragging is divided into two stages: in the first stage, the sleeve is completely outside the hole, so that the friction resistance between the sleeve and the contact surface is reduced; and in the second stage, the PE pipe is integrally pulled back, and after the PE pipe is pulled back, high-lubrication slurry is injected into the PE pipe, and the buoyancy and the slurry lubrication effect of the slurry are utilized.
5. The cable river crossing construction process according to claim 4, wherein the back dragging pipeline performs back dragging in a mode of excavating a sending ditch and injecting water floating pipes into the ditch.
6. The cable crossing river channel construction process of claim 1, wherein the traversing layer of the horizontal directional drilling crossing river channel is located in a sandstone layer of the river channel, and the process comprises the following steps:
two treating agents, namely a horizontal directional drilling carrying agent SDX and a horizontal directional drilling tackifying fluid loss agent SDJ;
the drill bit enters from the drill guiding point and drives the drill rod to advance in a rotating mode, and the drilling method comprises the following steps:
the included angle between the drill guide rail and the horizontal plane is at least 1 degree larger than the designed included angle.
7. The cable river crossing construction process according to claim 1, wherein the trenchless directional drilling construction comprises:
adopting an ABS geomagnetic wired steering instrument to conduct guiding construction;
laying an alternating current cable coil, and erecting an alternating current and loop cable on the ground surface above the central line to form a closed alternating current cable coil;
and in the crossing process, the magnetic signal source is used as a guide hole to cross ABS geomagnetism and is provided with a wire steering system.
8. The cable crossing river construction process of claim 4, wherein the reaming comprises:
pre-reaming is carried out on the first-stage reaming by using a phi 24-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the second-stage reaming by using a phi 32-inch runner type reamer;
pre-reaming is carried out on the third-stage reaming by using a phi 38 inch runner type reamer;
the fourth stage was pre-reamed with a 43 inch flow path reamer.
9. The cable river channel drilling and crossing construction process according to claim 5, wherein the back dragging pipeline performs back dragging in a mode of excavating a sending ditch and injecting water floating pipes into the ditch, and the back dragging process comprises the following steps:
when digging a sending ditch, calculating the gradient of the section of the sending ditch where the pipeline enters the hole, and ensuring the smoothness and smoothness of the sending ditch and the through hole;
the soil-entering angle of the pipeline is consistent with the actual soil-leaving angle, the bottom of the trench is ensured not to be damaged by hard objects, and the trench is arranged to meet the curvature of the pipeline.
10. The cable river-crossing construction process according to claim 1, wherein before the pipeline is pulled back, a certain weight of water is injected into the pipeline to ensure that the pipeline floats upwards controllably.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN115288609A (en) * | 2022-07-28 | 2022-11-04 | 河南盛邦环境工程有限公司 | Construction method of landfill body horizontal well and perforated pipe connecting device |
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