CN111287139A

CN111287139A - Port breakwater

Info

Publication number: CN111287139A
Application number: CN202010134206.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高俊亮; 马小舟; 朱亚洲; 洪智超; 周利
Original assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-03-02
Filing date: 2020-03-02
Publication date: 2020-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-02
Also published as: CN111287139B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of breakwater engineering, and particularly discloses a breakwater, wherein a plurality of step grooves are formed in one side, facing the open sea, of a breakwater body, a power generation device is arranged in each step groove, the opening parts of the step grooves are sealed through sealing capsules, and one surface, impacted by the open sea, in each sealing capsule is fixedly connected with a power part of the power generation device; the step groove side wall is communicated with the outer surface of the upper side of the breakwater body through a through hole, a small wind driven generator is arranged on the upper side of the breakwater body, and the through hole corresponds to fan blades of the small wind driven generator. The purpose is to prevent the influence of the external environment on the power generation device, save the maintenance cost, generate wind power to enable the small wind driven generator to generate power while generating power by mechanical energy generated by waves, and enhance the power generation capacity of the breakwater.

Description

Port breakwater

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of breakwater engineering, in particular to a harbor breakwater.

Background

The breakwater is located at the periphery of a port water area, can block the impact force of waves, encloses a harbor basin, maintains the water surface to be stable so as to protect the port from being affected by bad weather, is convenient for ships to safely berth and operate to construct underwater buildings, can also play a role in preventing the harbor basin from silting and the waves from eroding a shore line, and ensures that the harbor has enough water depth and stable water surface to meet the requirements of berthing, loading and unloading operation and sailing in and out of the port.

The breakwater is generally positioned in a sea area with large waves in the sea, the conventional breakwater only has the function of blocking the waves, the distribution range is wide, the construction is labor-consuming and time-consuming, and the breakwater cannot be better utilized only by the function of blocking the waves. Around the breakwater, the wave appears with mechanical energy form, and it is integrated on the breakwater now also to generate electricity the function with the electricity generation function to richen the function of breakwater, generate electricity through the wave energy promptly, turn into the electric energy with the mechanical energy that wave motion produced, but its generator exposes in the outside of breakwater usually, receives external environment influence, and wave and wind and rain for example all can cause the influence to the generator, make the generator age fast, and because outside rain water environment makes the generator have certain risk at the during operation.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a harbor breakwater.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the breakwater comprises a breakwater body and pier studs fixedly connected to the lower side of the breakwater body, wherein a plurality of step grooves are formed in one side, facing the open sea, of the breakwater body, each step groove is sequentially arranged outside and inside the groove from the open sea side to the bottom direction of the step groove, the diameter of the outside of each groove is smaller than that of the inside of the corresponding groove, a power generation device is arranged inside each groove, and each power generation device comprises a power part and a power generation part; the opening part of the step groove is sealed by a sealing capsule, and one surface of the sealing capsule, which is impacted by open sea, is fixedly connected with a power part of a power generation device; the lateral wall of the step groove is communicated with the outer surface of the upper side of the breakwater body through a through hole, a small wind driven generator is arranged on the upper side of the breakwater body, and the through hole is communicated with the inside of the small wind driven generator to assist the small wind driven generator in heat dissipation.

Preferably, the power part of the power generation device comprises a push rod which is connected in a step groove in a sliding manner, a spring is sleeved outside the push rod, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected with the push rod and a step surface in the step groove; the stress end of the push rod extends out of the step groove and is fixedly connected with the stress plate, and the stress plate is fixedly connected with the sealing capsule; the pushing end of the push rod is hinged with a first ratchet, the first ratchet and the first ratchet form rotating fit, and the first ratchet is connected with a power generation part of the power generation device.

Preferably, a maintaining spring is fixedly connected between the push rod and the first ratchet, when the spring is maintained in a natural state, an included angle formed by the first ratchet and the pushing end of the push rod is an acute angle, and when the push rod is located at an initial position, the first ratchet is located at the top of the first ratchet.

Preferably, the first ratchet wheel is meshed with a gear, the diameter of the gear is smaller than that of the first ratchet wheel, and the gear is axially connected with the power generation part of the power generation device through a connecting shaft.

Preferably, the power generation part is a waterproof power generator.

Preferably, the diameter of the through hole is smaller than the size of the outer part of the groove on the breakwater body.

Preferably, the stressed plate has a size smaller than that of the outer part of the groove and larger than that of a notch formed by the step surface of the step hole in the stepped groove.

Preferably, one end of the sealing capsule, which is matched with the opening part of the step groove, is fixedly connected with the fixing ring.

Preferably, an arc-shaped baffle is arranged on the breakwater body and on one side close to the open sea, and the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped baffle faces towards one side of the open sea.

Preferably, the through hole is communicated with the inside of an installation cylinder of the small wind driven generator, wherein the installation cylinder is provided with a power generation device.

The invention has the advantages that: 1. the power generation function is integrated on the breakwater, the function of the breakwater is enriched, and the economic benefit of the breakwater is maximized; 2. the power generation device is arranged inside the breakwater, so that the influence of the external environment on the power generation device is prevented, the cost of protective facilities added when the power generation device is arranged outside is saved, and meanwhile, the service life of the power generation device is prolonged as the power generation device is not influenced by the external environment; 3. when the power is generated under the action of sea waves, wind power is generated, the flowing speed of air is accelerated by the wind power, and the heat of a power generation device in a small wind driven generator arranged on a breakwater is dissipated.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial enlarged view;

FIG. 3 is a top view of the power plant of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a small generator.

In the figure: 1-a breakwater body; 2-a push rod; 3-a stress plate; 4-sealing the capsule; 5-a fixed ring; 6-pier stud; 7-a first ratchet; 8-gear; 9-a connecting shaft; 10-a first ratchet; 11-a small wind power generator; 12-a curved baffle; 13-shore; 14-fan blades; 15-a waterproof generator; 16-a spring; 17-a through hole; 18-outside the groove; 19-inside the groove; 20-a piston; 21-a connecting rod; 22-a power ring; 23-a third ratchet wheel; 24-a second ratchet; 25-a third ratchet; 26-second ratchet.

Detailed Description

The invention belongs to the technical field of breakwater engineering, and particularly relates to a harbor breakwater.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the harbor breakwater comprises a breakwater body 1 and pier studs 6 fixedly connected to the lower side of the breakwater body 1, wherein the pier studs 6 are arranged on a foundation bank 13 at a depth capable of keeping the breakwater stable, and the draft of the breakwater body 1 is a depth capable of blocking the waves of the open sea.

The breakwater comprises a breakwater body 1 and is characterized in that a plurality of step grooves are formed in one side, facing the open sea, of the breakwater body 1, a power generation device is arranged in each step groove, each power generation device comprises a power part and a power generation part, the power parts provide power to rotate, coils connected to the power parts rotate to cut magnetic lines of force to generate electric energy (the power generation parts are in the prior art and are not repeated), and the power generation devices are arranged in the step grooves to avoid the influence of external environment on the power generation devices; the mouth part of the step groove is sealed by a sealing capsule 4, and the surface impacted by the open sea in the sealing capsule 4 is fixedly connected with a power part of the power generation device. The waves of the open sea act on the outer side of the sealed capsule 4, so that the power part of the power generation device is stressed, and the mechanical energy of the waves is converted into the electric energy for power generation.

The lateral wall of the step groove is communicated with the outer surface of the upper side of the breakwater body 1 through a through hole 17, the small-sized wind driven generator 11 is arranged on the upper side of the breakwater body 1, and the through hole 17 is communicated with the inside of the small-sized wind driven generator 11 to assist the small-sized wind driven generator 11 in heat dissipation. It can be understood that when waves act on the power part of the power generation device, the sealing capsule 4 is stressed and extruded, air in the sealing capsule 4 is pressed into the step groove and blown out along the side wall of the step groove and the through hole 17 on the outer surface of the upper side of the breakwater body 1, the flowing speed of the air is accelerated, and the power generation device in the small wind driven generator 11 is cooled.

The power part of the power generation device comprises a push rod 2 which is connected with the step groove in a sliding mode, a spring 16 is sleeved outside the push rod 2, and two ends of the spring 16 are fixedly connected with the push rod 2 and the step surface in the step groove respectively. The natural state of the spring 16 is that the push rod 2 extends out of the step groove, and when waves come, the push rod 2 can be extruded, so that the push rod 2 moves towards the right side in the figure 1; when the wave is removed, the spring 16 returns to the natural state, and drives the push rod 2 to move towards the left direction in figure 1. One end of the push rod 2 extends out of the step groove and is fixedly connected with the stress plate 3, and the stress plate 3 is fixedly connected with the sealing capsule 4; the other end of the push rod 2 is hinged with a first ratchet 10, the first ratchet 10 and a first ratchet 7 form rotating fit, and the first ratchet 7 is connected with a power generation part of a power generation device. When the push rod 2 moves towards the right side in the figure 1, the first ratchet 10 pushes the first ratchet wheel 7 to rotate, and the first ratchet wheel 7 drives the power generation part to generate power, wherein the power generation part is a waterproof power generator 15.

A maintaining spring is fixedly connected between the push rod 2 and the first ratchet 10, when the maintaining spring is in a natural state, an included angle formed by the first ratchet 10 and the pushing end of the push rod 2 is an acute angle, when the push rod 2 is located at an initial position (i.e. when open sea waves do not come), the pushing end of the push rod 2 is located at a position capable of pushing the first ratchet 7 to rotate, i.e. the first ratchet 10 is located at the top of the first ratchet 7 (the position shown in fig. 1). When waves surge, when the push rod 2 moves to the right side of the direction shown in figure 1, the first ratchet 10 just abuts against the tooth surface of the first ratchet 7, so that the first ratchet 7 is driven to rotate; when the waves disappear, the push rod 2 drives the first ratchet 10 to move back to the left to the top end of the first ratchet 7; the whole process is that the moving range of the first ratchet 10 to the right is at the top of the first ratchet 7 and the circumference of the right front 1/4; the retaining spring acts to constrain the position of the first ratchet 10. Fig. 1 is an embodiment, but should not be limited to such an embodiment. When waves come, the first ratchet 10 pushes the first ratchet 7 to rotate, but the first ratchet 10 cannot rotate in the direction close to the open sea due to the force, so that the first ratchet 7 is enabled to rotate under the pushing of the first ratchet 10.

More preferably, the first ratchet wheel 7 is meshed with the gear 8, the first ratchet wheel 7 rotates to drive the gear 8 to rotate, the diameter of the gear 8 is smaller than that of the first ratchet wheel 7, when the first ratchet wheel 7 rotates for one circle, the gear 8 can rotate for a plurality of circles, and therefore the power generation efficiency of the power generation device is improved, and the gear 8 is axially connected with the power generation part of the power generation device through the connecting shaft 9.

The step groove is composed of a groove outer portion 18 and a groove inner portion 19 in sequence from the open sea side to the bottom of the step groove, the size of the groove outer portion 18 is smaller than that of the groove inner portion 19, and the diameter of the through hole 17 is smaller than that of the groove outer portion 18 on the breakwater body 1. Since the size of the through hole 17 is smaller than the size of the groove outer part 18 of the breakwater body 1, when the air current flows through the through hole 17, the flow velocity of the air current is increased due to the reduction of the aperture, thereby driving the fan blades 14 to rotate. Due to the mechanical energy of the waves, the waterproof generator 15 placed in the step groove and the small wind driven generator 11 on the breakwater body 1 can be driven to generate electricity simultaneously, and the electricity generating efficiency is improved.

In another embodiment, the dimension of the stress plate 3 is smaller than the dimension of the groove outer part 18 and larger than the dimension of the isthmus formed by the step surface of the step hole in the stepped groove. The size of the force bearing plate 3 is smaller than that of the groove outer part 18, so when waves act on the force bearing plate 3, the force bearing plate 3 is forced to move towards the right direction of the figure 1, and the distance of the movement of the push rod 2 towards the right direction can be increased because the force bearing plate 3 can move into the step groove, so that the number of the rotation turns of the gear 8 is increased, and the power generation efficiency is further improved.

In the sealed capsule 4, with step recess oral area to complex one end fixed connection retainer plate 5, during the sealed capsule 4 of retainer plate 5 installation of being convenient for sealed capsule 4 card is at the oral area of step recess, avoids the sea water to invade step recess inside, and sealed capsule 4 can use anticorrosive material to make to increase sealed capsule 4's life.

One side of breakwater body 1, be close to the open sea is provided with cowl 12, the intrados of cowl 12 is towards open sea one side. The arc-shaped baffle 12 can prevent the splash splashed by broken waves from crossing the breakwater body 1 when the waves hit the stress plate 3.

The power generation device of the small wind driven generator 11 is arranged in the installation cylinder, the through hole 17 is communicated with the inside of the installation cylinder, and when the wave of open sea generates acting force on the stress plate 3, the air in the step groove is squeezed into the installation cylinder to cool the power generation device in the installation cylinder.

More preferably, a driving device may also be disposed in the mounting cylinder, the driving device includes a piston 20, the through hole 17 forms a pushing fit with one end of the piston 20, the other end of the piston 20 is fixedly connected to a connecting rod 21, the other end of the connecting rod 21 is connected to a second ratchet 26, the second ratchet 26 forms a rotating fit with the second ratchet 24, so that when the second ratchet 26 moves upward, the second ratchet 24 can be pushed to rotate, and the initial position of the second ratchet 26 is located below the second ratchet 24 and on the right side 1/4 (the position shown in fig. 4); the second ratchet wheel 24 is fixedly connected with the third ratchet wheel 23, the second ratchet wheel 24 and the third ratchet wheel 23 are coaxial, the tooth directions of the second ratchet wheel 24 and the third ratchet wheel 23 are opposite, a power ring 22 is sleeved outside the third ratchet wheel 23, third ratchet teeth 25 are arranged on the inner ring of the power ring 22, and the third ratchet teeth 25 and the third ratchet wheel 23 form rotating fit; the outer ring of the power ring 22 is fixedly connected with the fan blades 14, the power ring 22 is connected with the power generation end of the generator, and when the power ring 22 rotates, power generation can be carried out.

It can be understood that when the air pressure inside the stepped recess changes, the air pressure pushes the piston 20 to move upwards due to the action of the air pressure, and the connecting rod 21 drives the second ratchet 24 to rotate counterclockwise (the direction shown in fig. 4); because the second ratchet wheel 24 is fixedly connected with the third ratchet wheel 23, the third ratchet wheel 23 also rotates anticlockwise at the same time, the third ratchet wheel 23 pushes the power ring 22 to rotate anticlockwise so as to drive the generator to generate electricity, and because the third ratchet wheel 25 is arranged in an arc shape, when the third ratchet wheel 23 pushes the third ratchet wheel 25, a tangential force can be generated on the power ring 22, so that the power ring 22 rotates anticlockwise; the diameter of the second ratchet wheel 24 is larger than or equal to that of the third ratchet wheel 23, and for convenience of illustration, the diameter of the second ratchet wheel 24 is smaller than that of the third ratchet wheel 23 as shown in fig. 4. When the waves in open sea are removed, the piston 20 moves downwards due to the action of the air pressure in the stepped groove and the gravity of the piston 20, and the second ratchet 26 does not drive the second ratchet 24 to rotate clockwise when the piston 20 moves downwards due to the spring connection between the second ratchet 26 and the connecting rod 21.

When wind power is supplied to the outside to drive the fan blades 14 to rotate anticlockwise, the power ring 22 rotates anticlockwise, and the third ratchet 25 is connected with the inner ring of the power ring 22 through the spring, so that when the power ring 22 rotates anticlockwise, the third ratchet 25 cannot drive the third ratchet wheel 23 to rotate, and power generation can be performed. Thus, when the connecting rod 21 moves upwards, the small wind driven generator 11 is assisted to generate electricity.

The specific working mode is as follows: when waves of open sea come, the waves act on the stress plate 3 through the sealing capsules 4, so that the stress plate 3 moves to the right side in the figure 1 to drive the push rod 2 to move to the right side, at the moment, the first ratchet 10 is clamped on the first ratchet wheel 7 to enable the first ratchet wheel 7 to rotate clockwise, the first ratchet wheel 7 can drive the gear 8 meshed with the first ratchet wheel to rotate anticlockwise, and the waterproof generator 15 placed in the step groove is enabled to generate electricity; while the force bearing plate 3 moves rightwards due to the acting force of waves, air in the sealed capsule 4 is squeezed into the step groove and blown out of the through hole 17, and heat is dissipated to the power generation device in the small wind driven generator 11.

When the wave goes away, the spring 16 returns to the natural state, i.e. the push rod 2 is driven to move in the left direction in fig. 1, at this time, the first ratchet 10 does not act on the first ratchet 7 due to the spring connected to the first ratchet 10, and the first ratchet 7 does not rotate.

More preferably, a driving device is installed in the small wind driven generator 11, and the fan blades 14 on the small wind driven generator 11 are assisted to rotate through the change of air pressure to generate electricity; when the wave recedes, the piston 20 is caused to move downward due to the change in pressure. By repeating the above steps, the waterproof generator 15 and the small-sized wind turbine generator 11 can generate power at the same time, the small-sized wind turbine generator 11 can generate power in cooperation with the action of sea waves when no wind is outside, and the small-sized wind turbine generator 11 can be assisted to accelerate the rotation of the fan blades 14 to increase the power generation efficiency when wind is outside.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be limited by the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harbour breakwater, includes breakwater body (1) and pier stud (6) of fixed connection in breakwater body (1) downside, its characterized in that: the breakwater comprises a breakwater body (1), and is characterized in that a plurality of step grooves are formed in one side, facing the open sea, of the breakwater body (1), each step groove is sequentially provided with a groove outer part (18) and a groove inner part (19) from one side of the open sea to the bottom direction of the step groove, the diameter of the groove outer part (18) is smaller than that of the groove inner part (19), a power generation device is arranged in the groove inner part (19), and the power generation device comprises a power part and a power generation part; the opening part of the step groove is sealed by a sealing capsule (4), and the surface, impacted by the open sea, in the sealing capsule (4) is fixedly connected with a power part of a power generation device;

the lateral wall of the step groove is communicated with the outer surface of the upper side of the breakwater body (1) through a through hole (17), a small-sized wind driven generator (11) is arranged on the upper side of the breakwater body (1), the through hole (17) is communicated with the inside of the small-sized wind driven generator (11), and the small-sized wind driven generator (11) is assisted in heat dissipation.

2. The harbor breakwater according to claim 1, wherein: the power part of the power generation device comprises a push rod (2) which is connected in a step groove in a sliding manner, a spring (16) is sleeved outside the push rod (2), and two ends of the spring (16) are respectively fixedly connected with the push rod (2) and a step surface in the step groove; the stress end of the push rod (2) extends out of the step groove and is fixedly connected with the stress plate (3), and the stress plate (3) is fixedly connected with the sealing capsule (4); the pushing end of the push rod (2) is hinged with a first ratchet (10), the first ratchet (10) and a first ratchet wheel (7) form rotating fit, and the first ratchet wheel (7) is connected with a power generation part of the power generation device.

3. The harbor breakwater according to claim 2, wherein: a maintaining spring is fixedly connected between the push rod (2) and the first ratchet (10), when the natural state of the spring is maintained, an included angle formed by the first ratchet (10) and the pushing end of the push rod (2) is an acute angle, and when the push rod (2) is located at the initial position, the first ratchet (10) is located at the top of the first ratchet (7).

4. The harbor breakwater according to claim 2, wherein: the first ratchet wheel (7) is meshed with the gear (8), the diameter of the gear (8) is smaller than that of the first ratchet wheel (7), and the gear (8) is axially connected with a power generation part of the power generation device through a connecting shaft (9).

5. The harbor breakwater according to claim 2, wherein: the power generation part is a waterproof power generator (15).

6. The harbor breakwater according to claim 2, wherein: the diameter of the through hole (17) is smaller than the size of the groove outer part (18) on the breakwater body (1).

7. The harbor breakwater according to claim 2, wherein: the size of the stress plate (3) is smaller than the size of the groove outer part (18) and larger than the size of a gorge formed by the step surface of the step hole in the step groove.

8. The harbor breakwater according to claim 1, wherein: and one end of the sealing capsule (4) matched with the opening part of the step groove is fixedly connected with a fixing ring (5).

9. The harbor breakwater according to claim 1, wherein: one side of the breakwater body (1) close to the open sea is provided with an arc-shaped baffle (12), and the inner arc surface of the arc-shaped baffle (12) faces one side of the open sea.

10. The harbor breakwater according to claim 1, wherein: the through hole (17) is communicated with the inside of an installation cylinder of the small wind driven generator (11) provided with a power generation device.