CN111286974A - 一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000035935 pregnancy Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 10
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical group [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 3
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001605 fetal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000037824 growth disorder Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，包括以下步骤：将棉纱用8‑10％的氢氧化钠清洗1‑2min；将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润10‑15min；将膨润后的棉纱浸入复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，得到复合棉纱；将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱，本发明克服了现有技术的不足，该棉纱对300MHz、600MHz和900MHz的电磁波的抗辐射性能较好，且该棉纱水洗5次后依然保持了较好的抗辐射能力。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防辐射棉纱技术领域，具体属于一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法。
背景技术
电磁辐射随着电子设备的普及和应用，在逐渐增强，电磁辐射不同于其他的污染，电磁辐射是看不见摸不着的污染，且短时间内并不会引起不适。特别是对于孕妇，在胚胎生长发育的过程中，如果收到大量的电磁辐射，可能会导致胎儿智力发育不全、生长发育障碍或者体质下降低等，因此，需要一种能够满足孕妇用的抗辐射面料。抗辐射面料主要由棉纱织造而成，面料的抗辐射性能主要取决于棉纱的抗辐射能力，目前的抗辐射面料主要为含金属丝线的织物，通过金属丝线的屏蔽和损耗，对电磁辐射进行消减，但是这类面料存在不能水洗，且织造困难的缺点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，制备抗辐射的棉纱，以用于织造防辐射面料，并提高防辐射面料的抗水洗能力，克服了现有技术的不足。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1，清洗，将棉纱用8-10％的氢氧化钠清洗1-2min，清洗温度为30℃，清洗完成后用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；
S2，膨润，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润10-15min，然后捞出，在60℃下烘干；
S3，复合，将膨润后的棉纱浸入复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；
S4，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
优选地，所述的膨润剂包括以下重量份的原料：水100份、氧化石墨烯0.18-0.21份、氯化亚铁1-3份、尿素5-8份和固含量为30％的棉浆25-28份；
所述的膨润剂的制备方法为：将固含量为30％的棉浆25-28份、氧化石墨烯0.18-0.21份和水100份混合均匀，然后依次加入氯化亚铁1-3份和尿素5-8份。
优选地，所述的复合剂由以下重量份的原料组成：水60份、聚乙烯醇200002-3份、醋酸锌3-5份、氯化钙1-1.5份、尿素3-5份。
优选地，所述的膨润剂的原料中还包括2.0-2.3份的硼酸。
优选地，所述的膨润剂由以下重量份的原料组成：水100份、氧化石墨烯0.21份、氯化亚铁2份、硼酸1.7份、尿素6份和固含量为30％的棉浆28份。
本发明与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施效果如下：
1、本发明采用氢氧化钠溶液对棉纱原料进行清洗，使棉纱的表面得到活化，同时也去除了棉纱原料中的灰尘等杂质。
2、本发明使用膨润剂对棉纱进行膨润，膨润剂中的硼酸属于大分子无机酸，可进入活化的棉纱表面，使棉纱表面的分子链之间的距离变大，从而使膨润剂中的亚铁原子扩散到棉纱的表层内，而氧化石墨烯可与亚铁离子进行反应，氧化石墨烯被还原，部分亚铁离子转变为三价铁离子，且在高温下，尿素分解产生氨，使溶液呈碱性，在高温下生成了黑色的四氧化三铁，被还原的氧化石墨烯和四氧化三铁生长在棉纱的表层，在膨润剂中棉浆的包裹下，使膨润后的棉纱表面的四氧化三铁和被还原的氧化石墨烯不易脱落。
3、复合剂中加入醋酸锌、氯化钙，在尿素的分解作用下，会使复合剂呈碱性，在加热的过程中，生成氧化锌和氢氧化钙使膨润后的棉纱表面又形成一层无机粒子，而聚乙烯醇20000在氧化锌和氢氧化钙形成的过程中，聚乙烯醇起到交联作用，聚乙烯醇20000被吸附到棉纱上，并与氧化锌和氢氧化钙发生吸附，使氧化锌和氢氧化钙紧密的生长在棉纱上，提高了氧化锌和氢氧化钙与棉纱的结合强度，而烘干过程中氢氧化钙与空气反应转变为碳酸钙。
4、将复合棉纱经固含量为17％的棉浆处理，使复合棉纱的表面又形成了一层棉浆包裹，显著提高了该棉纱织的抗水洗性能。
本发明的方法制备的棉纱对300MHz、600MHz和900MHz的电磁波的抗辐射性能较好，其中被还原的石墨烯具有导电能力，可对电磁辐射进行电损耗，而氧化形成的四氧化三铁可对电磁辐射进行磁损耗，棉纤维外部的氧化锌和碳酸钙具有电磁耗散能力和隔离能力，从而提高了该棉纱的抗辐射能力，且该棉纱水洗5次后依然保持了较好的抗辐射能力。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱按以下步骤制成：首先，对棉纱原料进行清洗，清洗方法为将棉纱用8％的氢氧化钠在30℃下清洗2min，清洗完成后，用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；接着，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润15min，然后捞出在60℃下烘干；膨润使用的膨润剂为将25份固含量为30％的棉浆、0.18份氧化石墨烯和100份水混合均匀后，然后依次加入氯化亚铁2份和尿素5份制成。
然后，将膨润后的棉纱浸入60份水、3份聚乙烯醇20000、尿素4份、3份醋酸锌和1.5份氯化钙混合而成的复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；最后，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
实施例2
防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱按以下步骤制成：首先，对棉纱原料进行清洗，清洗方法为将棉纱用10％的氢氧化钠在30℃下清洗1min，清洗完成后，用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；接着，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润10min，然后捞出在60℃下烘干；膨润使用的膨润剂为将28份固含量为30％的棉浆、0.21份氧化石墨烯和100份水混合均匀后，然后依次加入2.3份的硼酸、氯化亚铁3份和尿素8份制成。
然后，将膨润后的棉纱浸入60份水、3份聚乙烯醇20000、尿素5份、5份醋酸锌和1份氯化钙混合而成的复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；最后，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
实施例3
防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱按以下步骤制成：首先，对棉纱原料进行清洗，清洗方法为将棉纱用10％的氢氧化钠在30℃下清洗1min，清洗完成后，用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；接着，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润15min，然后捞出在60℃下烘干；膨润使用的膨润剂为将28份固含量为30％的棉浆、0.21份氧化石墨烯和100份水混合均匀后，然后依次加入2.1份的硼酸、氯化亚铁3份和尿素6份制成。
然后，将膨润后的棉纱浸入60份水、3份聚乙烯醇20000、尿素3份、5份醋酸锌和1份氯化钙混合而成的复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；最后，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
实施例4
防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱按以下步骤制成：首先，对棉纱原料进行清洗，清洗方法为将棉纱用10％的氢氧化钠在30℃下清洗1min，清洗完成后，用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；接着，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润10min，然后捞出在60℃下烘干；膨润使用的膨润剂为将28份固含量为30％的棉浆、0.21份氧化石墨烯和100份水混合均匀后，然后依次加入1.7份的硼酸、氯化亚铁2份和尿素6份制成。
然后，将膨润后的棉纱浸入60份水、3份聚乙烯醇20000、尿素5份、5份醋酸锌和1份氯化钙混合而成的复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；最后，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
对照例1
与实施例2的不同在于，棉纱用去离子水在30℃下清洗1min。
对照例2
与实施例2的不同在于，膨润剂中不含氧化石墨烯。
对照例3
与实施例2的不同在于，复合剂中不含聚乙烯醇20000。
对照例4
与实施例2的不同在于，复合剂中不含醋酸锌和氯化钙。
对照例5
与实施例2的不同在于，复合棉纱不经固含量为17％的棉浆处理。
将实施例1-4和对照例1-5中的棉纱分别经合股后纺织后制成面料，面料放置于屏蔽室中，由放置于面料放置架前端的发射天线发射出不同频率的电磁波利用安置在面料放置架内部的电场探头来接收信号分别得到未放置面料时电磁波的电场强度E1(V/m)和放置面料时电磁波的电场强度E2(V/m)再根据公式屏蔽效能＝20lg(E2/E1)进行计算，结果如下表所示：
由上表可知，在制备该棉纱的步骤中，对棉纱使用氢氧化钠溶液进行清洗和将复合棉纱经固含量为17％的棉浆处理，显著提高了该棉纱织造的面料的抗水洗性能，且复合剂中的聚乙烯醇20000也增强了该棉纱织造的面料的抗水洗性能。而原料中的氧化石墨烯、醋酸锌和氯化钙对提高该棉纱织造的面料的抗辐射性能起到了决定性作用，该棉纱织造的面料具有较强的抗辐射性能。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1，清洗，将棉纱用8-10％的氢氧化钠清洗1-2min，清洗温度为30℃，清洗完成后用去离子水洗涤至中性，然后在80℃下烘干；
S2，膨润，将清洗好的棉纱浸入膨润剂中，在85℃下膨润10-15min，然后捞出在60℃下烘干；
S3，复合，将膨润后的棉纱浸入复合剂中，然后加热至70℃，保温反应3小时，然后将复合后的棉纱水洗至pH＝7，然后在80℃下烘干，得到复合棉纱；
S4，将复合棉纱浸入固含量为17％的棉浆中30秒后捞出，然后在60℃下烘干，得到防辐射棉纱。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的膨润剂包括以下重量份的原料：水100份、氧化石墨烯0.18-0.21份、氯化亚铁1-3份、尿素5-8份和固含量为30％的棉浆25-28份；
所述的膨润剂的制备方法为：将固含量为30％的棉浆25-28份、氧化石墨烯0.18-0.21份和水100份混合均匀，然后依次加入氯化亚铁1-3份和尿素5-8份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的复合剂由以下重量份的原料组成：水60份、聚乙烯醇20000 2-3份、尿素3-5份、醋酸锌3-5份、氯化钙1-1.5份。
4.根据权利要求2所述的一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的膨润剂的原料中还包括2.0-2.3份的硼酸。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种防辐射孕妇装面料用棉纱的制备方法，其特征在于，所述的膨润剂由以下重量份的原料组成：水100份、氧化石墨烯0.21份、氯化亚铁2份、硼酸1.7份、尿素6份和固含量为30％的棉浆28份。
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