CN111285667B - 一种含原位碳耐火浇注料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含原位碳耐火浇注料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011978 dissolution method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,包括A组分和B组分,A组分由耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉组成,B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液。本发明在原料中添加过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物水溶液,一方面在制备过程中赋予耐火浇注料原料拌合物流动性;另一方面,在烧结过程中,聚合物热解生成碳材料,实现碳材料在浇注料中弥散分布,同时过渡金属改善原位生成碳材料的石墨化程度,根据原位合成理论,使含原位碳耐火浇注料中碳材料具有良好的分散性,能发挥碳材料熔渣不润湿特性,赋予含碳耐火浇注料优越的力学性能及抗侵蚀性。本发明还提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,工艺过程简单、利于工业化生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及耐火材料领域,尤其涉及一种含原位碳耐火浇注料及其制备方法。
背景技术
近几十年来,随着人们对环境保护的日益重视以及国家节能、减排政策的提出,耐火浇注料由于具有施工方便、快捷、成本低、且服役性能和相应的定形耐火材料相近,使用量在逐年增加,广泛应用于高炉出铁口、钢包、水泥回转窑内衬等高温领域,耐火浇注料已成为耐火材料领域最重要的发展方向之一。
然而,由于耐火浇注料主要是由氧化物组成的,与相应的氧化物定形制品具有相同的缺点,比如抗侵蚀性差、抗热震性差和抗剥落性差,限制了耐火浇注料在更广范围内的使用,特别是在钢包渣线部位的使用。将具有热导率高、热膨胀系数低及与熔渣不润湿等特点的碳材料引入耐火浇注料中能显著耐火浇注料的抗侵蚀性、抗热震性及抗剥落性等服役性能。但在实际应用过程中,碳材料由于密度小,水润湿性差,应用于耐火浇注料存在难分散,易氧化等瓶颈问题,阻碍了含碳耐火浇注料工业化应用的进程。因此,如何改善碳材料在耐火浇注料中的分散性,开发性能优良的含碳耐火浇注料成为近年来耐火材料工作者重要的关注点。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的之一在于提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,具有优越的力学性能及抗侵蚀性,对扩大耐火浇注料应用范围具有重要的意义。
本发明的目的之二在于提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,具有工艺过程简单、成本低、原位碳分散性好等优点,对降低吨钢耐火材料单耗,及冶金企业节能降耗等具重要意义
本发明的目的之一采用如下技术方案实现:
一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,包括A组分和B组分,所述A组分由耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉组成,所述B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液。
进一步地,所述A组分和B组分的重量比为100:3.5-5。
进一步地,所述过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液由以下质量分数的原料组成:去离水60-90%、水溶性聚合物为9-39%、过渡金属可溶性盐0.03-0.2%、柠檬酸0.97-3%,上述原料的质量百分比之和为100%。
进一步地,所述过渡金属可溶性盐为Fe、Ni、Co可溶性盐中的一种。
进一步地,所述过渡金属可溶性盐为过渡金属的硝酸盐或氯盐中的一种。
进一步地,所述水溶性聚合物为聚乙二醇。
进一步地,所述A组分由以下质量百分含量的耐火原料组成:刚玉质颗粒75-80%、烧结镁砂8-15%、活性氧化铝微粉2-5%、铝酸钙水泥2-5%、硅微粉1%,上述原料的质量百分比之和为100%。
进一步地,所述刚玉质颗粒的级配为:5-8mm电熔白刚玉为20-25%、3-5mm电熔白刚玉10-25%、1-3mm板状刚玉15-20%、0-1mm板状刚玉5-15%、≤45um板状刚玉5-10%;所述活性氧化铝级配为:≤325um活性氧化铝2-5%;烧结镁砂级配为:0-3mm烧结镁砂8-15%;所述铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3的含量为69.5-70.5%。
本发明的目的之二采用如下技术方案实现:
所述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取A组分的耐火原料混合均匀;
(2)制备B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液;
(3)将步骤(1)的A组分和步骤(2)的B组分混合搅拌后振动成型;
(4)将上述步骤(1)的混合物在温度为25-50℃,相对温度为80-100%的条件下养护24-48小时,升温至80-150℃保温12-24小时,继续升温至200-300℃保温0.3-1小时,然后在还原气氛条件下升温至600-700℃保温1-3小时,最后在还原气氛条件下升温至1500-1600℃保温1-3小时,降温冷却后即得含原位碳耐火浇注料。
进一步地,上述步骤(2)中B组分的制备过程为:将柠檬酸和水溶性聚合物加入去离子中,搅拌至完全溶解,然后加入过渡金属可溶性盐搅拌均匀,即得B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液。
相比现有技术,本发明的有益效果在于:本发明提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,在耐火原料中添加过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物水溶液,一方面在制备过程中赋予耐火浇注料原料拌合物流动性;另一方面,在烧结过程中,聚合热解生成碳材料,实现碳材料在浇注料中弥散分布,同时过渡金属改善原位生成碳材料的石墨化程度,根据原位合成理论,使得本发明制备的含原位碳耐火浇注料中碳材料具有良好的分散性,能发挥碳材料熔渣不润湿特性,赋予含碳耐火浇注料优越的力学性能及抗侵蚀性。本发明还提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,通过共溶法制备过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物水溶液,添到耐火浇注料拌合物中,经搅拌、成型、烧结实现耐火浇注料中碳的原位生成,具有工艺过程简单、成本低、原位碳分散性好等优点,并且原料来源广泛,利于工业化生产,对冶金企业节能降耗具有重要意义。
具体实施方式
下面,结合具体实施方式,对本发明做进一步描述,需要说明的是,在不相冲突的前提下,以下描述的各实施例之间或各技术特征之间可以任意组合形成新的实施例。
实施例1
一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,包括A组分和B组分,A组分和B组分的重量比为100:3.5,A组分由以下耐火原料组成:刚玉质颗粒75%、烧结镁砂15%、活性氧化铝微粉5%、铝酸钙水泥4%、硅微粉1%,其中刚玉质颗粒的级配为:5-8mm电熔白刚玉为20%、3-5mm电熔白刚玉25%、1-3mm板状刚玉20%、0-1mm板状刚玉15%、≤45um板状刚玉10%;活性氧化铝级配为:≤325um活性氧化铝2%;烧结镁砂级配为:0-3mm烧结镁砂8%;铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3的含量为69.5%;B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液,组成为:去离水60%、聚乙二醇38%、硝酸钴0.2%、柠檬酸1.8%。
上述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取A组分的耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉混合均匀;
(2)制备B组分渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液:将柠檬酸和水溶性聚合物加入去离子中,搅拌至完全溶解,然后加入过渡金属可溶性盐搅拌均匀,即得;
(3)将步骤(1)的A组分和步骤(2)的B组分混合搅拌后振动成型;
(4)将上述步骤(1)的混合物在温度为25℃,相对温度为80%的条件下养护48小时,升温至80℃保温24小时,继续升温至200℃保温1小时,然后在还原气氛条件下升温至600℃保温3小时,最后在还原气氛条件下升温至1500℃保温3小时,降温冷却后即得含原位碳耐火浇注料。
实施例2
一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,包括A组分和B组分,A组分和B组分的重量比为100:4,A组分由以下耐火原料组成:刚玉质颗粒77%、烧结镁砂13%、活性氧化铝微粉4%、铝酸钙水泥5%、硅微粉1%,其中刚玉质颗粒的级配为:5-8mm电熔白刚玉为22%、3-5mm电熔白刚玉20%、1-3mm板状刚玉18%、0-1mm板状刚玉10%、≤45um板状刚玉5%;活性氧化铝级配为:≤325um活性氧化铝3%;烧结镁砂级配为:0-3mm烧结镁砂10%;铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3的含量为70%;B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液,组成为:去离水70%、聚乙二醇27%、氯化铁0.05%、柠檬酸2.95%。
上述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取A组分的耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉混合均匀;
(2)制备B组分渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液:将柠檬酸和水溶性聚合物加入去离子中,搅拌至完全溶解,然后加入过渡金属可溶性盐搅拌均匀,即得;
(3)将步骤(1)的A组分和步骤(2)的B组分混合搅拌后振动成型;
(4)将上述步骤(1)的混合物在温度为40℃,相对温度为90%的条件下养护35小时,升温至100℃保温20小时,继续升温至250℃保温0.7小时,然后在还原气氛条件下升温至650℃保温2小时,最后在还原气氛条件下升温1550℃保温2小时,降温冷却后即得含原位碳耐火浇注料。
实施例3
一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,包括A组分和B组分,A组分和B组分的重量比为100:5,A组分由以下耐火原料组成:刚玉质颗粒80%、烧结镁砂9%、活性氧化铝微粉5%、铝酸钙水泥5%、硅微粉1%,其中刚玉质颗粒的级配为:5-8mm电熔白刚玉为25%、3-5mm电熔白刚玉25%、1-3mm板状刚玉20%、0-1mm板状刚玉15%、≤45um板状刚玉10%;活性氧化铝级配为:≤325um活性氧化铝5%;烧结镁砂级配为:0-3mm烧结镁砂15%;铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3的含量为70.5%;B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液,组成为:去离水90%、聚乙二醇9%、氯化镍0.03%、柠檬酸0.97%。
上述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)取A组分的耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉混合均匀;
(2)制备B组分渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液:将柠檬酸和水溶性聚合物加入去离子中,搅拌至完全溶解,然后加入过渡金属可溶性盐搅拌均匀,即得;
(3)将步骤(1)的A组分和步骤(2)的B组分混合搅拌后振动成型;
(4)将上述步骤(1)的混合物在温度为50℃,相对温度为100%的条件下养护24小时,升温至150℃保温12小时,继续升温至200℃保温1小时,然后在还原气氛条件下升温至600℃保温3小时,最后在还原气氛条件下升温1600℃保温3小时,降温冷却后即得含原位碳耐火浇注料。
对比例1
对比例1提供一种耐火浇注材料,和实施例1的区别为:将B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液调整为去离子水,其余均和实施例1相同。
对比例2
对比例2提供一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,和实施例1的区别为:省去B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液中的过渡金属可溶性盐,其余均和实施例1相同。
测试实施例1至3、对比例1至2制备的含原位碳耐火浇注料的烧后抗压强度与抗折强度、熔渣侵蚀深度,其中采用静态坩埚法测试其抗熔渣侵蚀性,具体如下,在尺寸为Φ40*40mm的坩埚中加入30g待测产品,1600℃保温3小时,冷却后,用游标卡测量熔渣侵蚀深度。采用氧化失重法测定实施例1至3、对比例1至2中制得的含原位碳耐火浇注料中原位碳含量,过程如下:首先将待测原料磨成细粉,并称取一定质量,然后,放置于马弗炉中,空气条件下,10℃/min升至1000℃,保温3小时,冷却后称量剩余质量,根据煅烧前后质量差,计算得到含原位碳耐火浇注料中的碳含量,结果如表1所示。
表1
由表1可知本发明实施例1至3中制备的耐火浇注料原位碳含量在0.5-1.2%之间,具有良好的力学性能和抗侵蚀性。对比例1中将过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液调整为去离子水,得到的耐火浇注材料中不含原位碳,熔渣侵蚀深度增加。对比例2中省去B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液中的过渡金属可溶性盐,得到的耐火浇注料中原位碳含量降低,且其烧后抗折强度和抗压强度明显不及本发明实施例1至3的耐火浇注料,熔渣侵蚀深度增加。由此可知,本发明在原料中添加过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物水溶液,一方面在制备过程中赋予耐火浇注料原料拌合物的流动性;另一方面,在烧结过程中,聚合热解生成碳材料,实现碳材料在浇注料中弥散分布,同时过渡金属改善原位生成碳材料的石墨化程度,根据原位合成理论,使得本发明制备的含原位碳耐火浇注料中碳材料具有良好的分散性,能发挥碳材料熔渣不润湿特性,赋予含碳耐火浇注料优越的力学性能及抗侵蚀性。
上述实施方式仅为本发明的优选实施方式,不能以此来限定本发明保护的范围,本领域的技术人员在本发明的基础上所做的任何非实质性的变化及替换均属于本发明所要求保护的范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种含原位碳耐火浇注料,其特征在于,包括A组分和B组分,所述A组分由耐火原料刚玉质颗粒、烧结镁砂、活性氧化铝微粉、铝酸钙水泥和硅微粉组成,所述B组分为过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液;
所述A组分和B组分的重量比为100:3.5-5;
所述过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液由以下质量分数的原料组成:去离水60-90%、水溶性聚合物为9-39%、过渡金属可溶性盐0.03-0.2%、柠檬酸0.97-3%,上述原料的质量百分比之和为100%;
所述过渡金属可溶性盐为Fe、Ni、Co可溶性盐中的一种。
2.根据权利要求1所述含原位碳耐火浇注料,其特征在于,所述过渡金属可溶性盐为过渡金属的硝酸盐或氯盐中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述含原位碳耐火浇注料,其特征在于,所述水溶性聚合物为聚乙二醇。
4.根据权利要求1所述含原位碳耐火浇注料,其特征在于,所述A组分由以下质量百分含量的耐火原料组成:刚玉质颗粒75-80%、烧结镁砂8-15%、活性氧化铝微粉2-5%、铝酸钙水泥2-5%、硅微粉1%,上述原料的质量百分比之和为100%。
5.根据权利要求1所述含原位碳耐火浇注料,其特征在于,所述刚玉质颗粒的级配为:5-8mm电熔白刚玉为20-25%、3-5mm电熔白刚玉10-25%、1-3mm板状刚玉15-20%、0-1mm板状刚玉5-15%、≤45um板状刚玉5-10%;所述活性氧化铝级配为:≤325um活性氧化铝2-5%;烧结镁砂级配为:0-3mm烧结镁砂8-15%;所述铝酸钙水泥中Al2O3的含量为69.5-70.5%。
6.如权利要求1至5任一项所述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)取A组分的耐火原料混合均匀;
(2)制备B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液;
(3)将步骤(1)的A组分和步骤(2)的B组分混合搅拌后振动成型;
(4)将上述步骤(1)的混合物在温度为25-50℃,相对温度为80-100%的条件下养护24-48小时,升温至80-150℃保温12-24小时,继续升温至200-300℃保温0.3-1小时,然后在还原气氛条件下升温至600-700℃保温1-3小时,最后在还原气氛条件下升温至1500-1600℃保温1-3小时,降温冷却后即得含原位碳耐火浇注料。
7.根据权利要求6所述含原位碳耐火浇注料的制备方法,其特征在于,上述步骤(2)中B组分的制备过程为:将柠檬酸和水溶性聚合物加入去离子中,搅拌至完全溶解,然后加入过渡金属可溶性盐搅拌均匀,即得B组分过渡金属原位掺杂聚合物溶液。
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