CN111272557A - Metal material compression creep testing device and measuring method - Google Patents
Metal material compression creep testing device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111272557A CN111272557A CN202010276866.0A CN202010276866A CN111272557A CN 111272557 A CN111272557 A CN 111272557A CN 202010276866 A CN202010276866 A CN 202010276866A CN 111272557 A CN111272557 A CN 111272557A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/04—Chucks
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0071—Creep
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
Abstract
The invention discloses a metal material compression creep testing device and a measuring method, and belongs to the technical field of metal material performance testing. The testing device comprises an upper clamp and a lower clamp, wherein the upper clamp comprises an upper plate I, a lower plate I, a stand column I and an upper stretching rod, and the lower clamp comprises an upper plate II, a lower plate II, a stand column II and a lower stretching rod; the boss is arranged on the upper surface of the lower base plate I, and a metal material sample is placed on the boss; the two gratings are fixed on the lower base plate I through grating fixing devices; go up anchor clamps and lower anchor clamps each other become 90, when tensile creep test machine carries out the drawing, drive pull rod and lower link to relative motion from top to bottom for the inside compressive stress that produces of sample takes place compression creep deformation, and measures and the record in real time through grating chi sensor. The invention can realize the test of the compression creep property of the metal material through the existing tensile creep testing machine, has good applicability, saves cost and achieves the same measurement precision as the tensile creep.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal material performance testing, in particular to a metal material compressive creep testing device and a testing method, which are suitable for creep testing and testing of a metal material under compressive stress.
Background
Creep refers to the phenomenon that a material slowly generates plastic deformation under the action of constant temperature and load for a long time. The creep property of the material directly influences the service life of the material, so that the research on the creep property of the material, namely the research on the change rule of the deformation of the material along with temperature, stress and time, has important significance on the application of the material.
The high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy and other metal materials are indispensable key structural materials for aerospace, energy chemical industry, national defense weaponry and national economic construction, and structural components made of the high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy and other metal materials are mainly deformed by compression creep due to long-time service in a high-temperature and compressive stress state. In recent years, with the development of national nuclear industry and deep sea exploration engineering, the performance requirements of materials are more strict, and one key test is to measure the compression creep performance of metal materials. However, the compression creep behavior of metal materials is rarely studied, mainly because there is no special compression creep testing machine and related standards. Under the existing test conditions, the creep testing machine in a lever weight loading mode or an electronic loading mode can only realize the axial tensile creep performance test. Therefore, the compression creep test only needs to be performed by a common universal testing machine, the measurement of the deformation amount is difficult to meet the research requirement, and particularly the long-time creep deformation is difficult to measure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the metal material compression creep testing device and the metal material compression creep testing method, the testing device and the testing method designed by the invention can realize the test of the compression creep performance of the metal material through the existing tensile creep testing machine, have good applicability, save the cost, can be flexibly applied to various creep testing machines, can achieve the same measuring precision as the tensile creep, realize the research of the compression creep characteristic of the metal material and provide basic data for the application of the metal material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a metal material compression creep testing device is characterized in that: this testing arrangement includes anchor clamps, lower anchor clamps, boss and grating chi sensor, wherein:
and (4) clamping: comprises an upper plate I, a lower plate I, a stand column I and an upper stretching rod; the upper plate I and the lower plate I are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns I is two, and the stand columns I are vertically arranged between the upper plate I and the lower plate I and fixedly connect the upper plate I and the lower plate I together; the upper stretching rod is arranged above the upper plate I and is vertically fixed at the central position of the upper plate I;
a lower clamp: including upper plate II, lower plate II, stand II and lower stretching rod, wherein: the upper plate II and the lower plate II are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns II is two, and the stand columns II are vertically arranged between the upper plate II and the lower plate II and fixedly connect the upper plate II and the lower plate II together; the lower stretching rod is arranged below the upper plate II and is vertically fixed at the center of the upper plate II;
a boss: the boss is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the lower base plate I and used for placing a metal material sample to be tested;
a grating ruler sensor: the two grating ruler sensors are respectively fixed at two separated ends of two side surfaces of the lower base plate I through fixing pieces; the grating ruler sensors are adjusted through two position adjusters, and the two position adjusters are fixed at two separated ends of two side faces of the upper plate II through fixing parts respectively.
The upper clamp and the lower clamp mutually form an angle of 90 degrees and are mutually penetrated and arranged, and the concrete meaning is that: the upper plate I is vertical to the upper plate II, and the upper plate II vertically penetrates through a rectangular plane space defined by the upper plate I, the lower plate I and the two stand columns I; and the upper plate II is positioned below the lower base plate I.
And the free ends of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are both provided with threads for connecting a tensile creep testing machine.
Two ends of the upright post I are provided with thread structures, and are fixed on the upper plate I and the lower plate I through nuts after respectively penetrating through the upper plate I and the lower plate I;
and two ends of the stand column II are provided with thread structures, and after the two ends of the stand column II penetrate through the upper plate II and the lower plate II respectively, the two ends of the stand column II are fixed on the upper plate II and the lower plate II through nuts.
The boss is located between lower plate I and lower plate II.
When the tensile creep testing machine with the upper pull rod connected with the lower pull rod performs a tensile action, the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are driven to move up and down relatively, so that a sample placed between the lower base plate I and the lower base plate II is applied with compressive stress.
The position regulator comprises a round rod and a round plate which are of an integrated structure, and the round rod is perpendicular to the center of the round plate; the upper end of the grating ruler sensor is contacted with the bottom surface of the wafer of the position regulator.
The fixing piece is fixed on the lower base plate I or the upper plate II through bolts, and the position regulator or the grating ruler sensor is clamped and fixed by the fixing piece after being adjusted to a proper position.
The metal material compression creep testing method by using the testing device comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively connecting the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod to a tensile creep testing machine;
(2) the tensile creep testing machine applies tensile stress to the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod, so that the lower base plate I of the upper clamp and the lower base plate II of the lower clamp generate relative motion, and the inside of a sample arranged on the boss generates compressive stress, thereby generating compressive creep deformation;
(3) and the generated compression creep deformation is measured in real time through a grating ruler sensor and recorded in real time.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1. the clamp designed by the invention can carry out a compression creep test on a common tensile creep testing machine, the verification and metering requirements required by the test can be completely met according to the related standard requirements of the tensile creep, the test precision completely meets the related standard requirements, and the problems of no special compression creep testing machine and related standards are better solved.
2. According to the device for performing the compression creep test by using the tensile creep testing machine, when the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are respectively connected to the tensile creep testing machine, 2 lower bottom plates of the upper clamp and the lower clamp move oppositely after the tensile creep testing machine applies tensile stress, so that the internal of a sample arranged on a sample boss generates compressive stress, and thus compression creep deformation is generated.
3. The invention relates to a device for performing a compression creep test by using a tensile creep testing machine, which measures and records the generated compression creep deformation in real time through a grating ruler sensor.
4. The method and the device for testing the compression creep property of the metal material by using the existing tensile creep testing machine have the advantages of good applicability, cost saving, flexible application to various creep testing machines, capability of achieving the same measurement precision of tensile creep, realization of research on the compression creep property of the metal material and provision of basic data for application of the metal material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device for testing the compressive creep property of a metallic material according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an upper fixture structure of the apparatus for testing compressive creep properties of metallic materials according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a lower fixture structure in the metal material compressive creep property testing apparatus according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-upper stretching rod, 2-upper plate I, 3-upright post I, 4-fixing piece, 5-grating ruler sensor, 6-lower base plate I, 7-lower base plate II, 8-position regulator, 9-upright post II, 10-upper plate II, 11-lower stretching rod and 12-boss.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figures 1-3, the device of the invention is a device capable of utilizing the existing tensile creep testing machine to carry out a compression creep test, and the device designs and processes a set of reverse tool clamp and a deformation measuring device for converting axial tensile stress into axial compressive stress on the basis of the common tensile creep testing machine, and adopts a grating to measure deformation, and the deformation resolution is 1 mu m.
The testing device comprises an upper clamp, a lower clamp, a boss 12 and a grating ruler sensor 5, and the structure and the connection relation of each part are as follows:
the upper clamp comprises an upper plate I2, a lower plate I, a stand column I3 and an upper stretching rod 1; the upper plate I and the lower plate I are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns I is two, and the stand columns I are vertically arranged between the upper plate I and the lower plate I and fixedly connect the upper plate I and the lower plate I together; the upper stretching rod 1 is arranged above the upper plate I and is vertically fixed at the central position of the upper plate I; the two ends of the stand column I are provided with thread structures, the two ends of the stand column I penetrate through the upper plate I and the lower plate I respectively, and then the two ends of the stand column I are fixed on the upper plate I and the lower plate I through nuts. And the free end of the upper stretching rod 1 is provided with threads for connecting a connecting rod of a tensile creep testing machine.
The lower fixture comprises an upper plate II 10, a lower plate II 7, a stand column II 9 and a lower stretching rod 11, wherein: the upper plate II and the lower plate II are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns II is two, and the stand columns II are vertically arranged between the upper plate II and the lower plate II and fixedly connect the upper plate II and the lower plate II together; and the lower extension rod is arranged below the upper plate II and is vertically fixed at the center of the upper plate II. And two ends of the stand column II are provided with thread structures, and after the two ends of the stand column II penetrate through the upper plate II and the lower plate II respectively, the two ends of the stand column II are fixed on the upper plate II and the lower plate II through nuts. And the free end of the lower pull rod is provided with threads for connecting a connecting rod of the tensile creep testing machine.
The upper clamp and the lower clamp are 90 degrees and are mutually penetrated and arranged, and the upper clamp and the lower clamp are specifically as follows: the upper plate I is vertical to the upper plate II, and the upper plate II vertically penetrates through a rectangular plane space defined by the upper plate I, the lower plate I and the two stand columns I; and the upper plate II is positioned below the lower base plate I.
The boss 12 is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the lower base plate I6, and the boss 12 is used for placing a metal material sample to be tested; the boss is located between lower plate I6 and lower plate II 7, works as when the tensile creep testing machine that upper tie 1 and lower link 11 are connected carries out the tensile action, drives upper tie and lower link and to the up-and-down motion to apply compressive stress to the sample of placing on the boss between lower plate I and lower plate II.
The two grating ruler sensors 5 are respectively fixed at two separated ends of two side surfaces of the lower base plate I6 through fixing pieces 4; the grating ruler sensors 5 are adjusted through position adjusters 8, the number of the position adjusters 8 is two, and the two position adjusters 8 are fixed at two separated ends of two side surfaces of the upper plate II 10 through fixing pieces 4 respectively.
The position regulator 8 comprises a round rod and a round plate (the longitudinal section is in an inverted T shape) which are of an integral structure, and the round rod is vertical to the center of the round plate; the fixing piece 4 is fixed on the lower bottom plate I or the upper plate II through bolts; and adjusting the position regulator and the grating ruler sensor to proper positions, clamping and fixing the position regulator and the grating ruler sensor by using a fixing part, and abutting the upper end of the grating ruler sensor against the bottom surface of a wafer of the position regulator after fixing.
The fixing part 4 comprises two clamping parts, bolt holes are formed in the free ends of the two clamping parts, and the two clamping parts are locked by bolts after the grating ruler sensor or the position regulator is clamped and regulated to a proper position.
The metal material compression creep testing method by using the testing device comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively connecting the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod to a tensile creep testing machine, and adjusting the position of the grating ruler sensor or the position adjuster to enable the upper end of the grating ruler sensor to be abutted against the bottom end of the position adjuster;
(2) the tensile creep testing machine applies tensile stress to the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod, so that the lower base plate I of the upper clamp and the lower base plate II of the lower clamp generate relative motion, and the inside of a sample arranged on the boss generates compressive stress, thereby generating compressive creep deformation;
(3) and the generated compression creep deformation is measured in real time through a grating ruler sensor and recorded in real time.
The method and the device for testing the compression creep property of the metal material by using the existing tensile creep testing machine have the advantages of good applicability, cost saving, flexible application to various creep testing machines, capability of achieving the same measurement precision of tensile creep, realization of research on the compression creep property of the metal material and provision of basic data for application of the metal material.
Claims (9)
1. A metal material compression creep testing device is characterized in that: this testing arrangement includes anchor clamps, lower anchor clamps, boss and grating chi sensor, wherein:
and (4) clamping: comprises an upper plate I, a lower plate I, a stand column I and an upper stretching rod; the upper plate I and the lower plate I are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns I is two, and the stand columns I are vertically arranged between the upper plate I and the lower plate I and fixedly connect the upper plate I and the lower plate I together; the upper stretching rod is arranged above the upper plate I and is vertically fixed at the central position of the upper plate I;
a lower clamp: including upper plate II, lower plate II, stand II and lower stretching rod, wherein: the upper plate II and the lower plate II are arranged in parallel, the number of the stand columns II is two, and the stand columns II are vertically arranged between the upper plate II and the lower plate II and fixedly connect the upper plate II and the lower plate II together; the lower stretching rod is arranged below the upper plate II and is vertically fixed at the center of the upper plate II;
a boss: the boss is arranged at the center of the upper surface of the lower base plate I and used for placing a metal material sample to be tested;
a grating ruler sensor: the two grating ruler sensors are respectively fixed at two separated ends of two side surfaces of the lower base plate I through fixing pieces; the grating ruler sensors are adjusted through two position adjusters, and the two position adjusters are fixed at two separated ends of two side faces of the upper plate II through fixing parts respectively.
2. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the upper clamp and the lower clamp mutually form an angle of 90 degrees and are mutually penetrated and arranged, and the concrete meaning is that: the upper plate I is vertical to the upper plate II, and the upper plate II vertically penetrates through a rectangular plane space defined by the upper plate I, the lower plate I and the two stand columns I; and the upper plate II is positioned below the lower base plate I.
3. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and the free ends of the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are both provided with threads for connecting a tensile creep testing machine.
4. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: two ends of the upright post I are provided with thread structures, and are fixed on the upper plate I and the lower plate I through nuts after respectively penetrating through the upper plate I and the lower plate I;
and two ends of the stand column II are provided with thread structures, and after the two ends of the stand column II penetrate through the upper plate II and the lower plate II respectively, the two ends of the stand column II are fixed on the upper plate II and the lower plate II through nuts.
5. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the boss is located between lower plate I and lower plate II.
6. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: when the tensile creep testing machine with the upper pull rod connected with the lower pull rod performs a tensile action, the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod are driven to move up and down relatively, so that a sample placed between the lower base plate I and the lower base plate II is applied with compressive stress.
7. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the position regulator comprises a round rod and a round plate which are of an integrated structure, and the round rod is perpendicular to the center of the round plate; the upper end of the grating ruler sensor is contacted with the bottom surface of the wafer of the position regulator.
8. The metallic material compressive creep testing apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: the fixing piece is fixed on the lower base plate I or the upper plate II through bolts, and the position regulator or the grating ruler sensor is clamped and fixed by the fixing piece after being adjusted to a proper position.
9. A method for testing compressive creep of a metallic material using the test apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively connecting the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod to a tensile creep testing machine;
(2) the tensile creep testing machine applies tensile stress to the upper pull rod and the lower pull rod, so that the lower base plate I of the upper clamp and the lower base plate II of the lower clamp generate relative motion, and the inside of a sample arranged on the boss generates compressive stress, thereby generating compressive creep deformation;
(3) and the generated compression creep deformation is measured in real time through a grating ruler sensor and recorded in real time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010276866.0A CN111272557A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Metal material compression creep testing device and measuring method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010276866.0A CN111272557A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Metal material compression creep testing device and measuring method |
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| CN202010276866.0A Pending CN111272557A (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2020-04-10 | Metal material compression creep testing device and measuring method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112179758A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-05 | 华东理工大学 | Mechanical property test fixture and device |
| CN116296764A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 常州萨伟利铸造技术有限公司 | Self-hardening sand creep property measuring equipment |
-
2020
- 2020-04-10 CN CN202010276866.0A patent/CN111272557A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112179758A (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-01-05 | 华东理工大学 | Mechanical property test fixture and device |
| CN112179758B (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2024-03-29 | 华东理工大学 | Mechanical property testing device |
| CN116296764A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 常州萨伟利铸造技术有限公司 | Self-hardening sand creep property measuring equipment |
| CN116296764B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-11 | 常州萨伟利铸造技术有限公司 | Self-hardening sand creep property measuring equipment |
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