CN111270176A - 热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺 - Google Patents

热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺 Download PDF

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CN111270176A
CN111270176A CN202010181048.2A CN202010181048A CN111270176A CN 111270176 A CN111270176 A CN 111270176A CN 202010181048 A CN202010181048 A CN 202010181048A CN 111270176 A CN111270176 A CN 111270176A
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wire
plasma
annealing
clad steel
cooling
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CN111270176B (zh
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朱向阳
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Jiangyin Six Cirque Alloy Wire Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22FCHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/34Methods of heating
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/52Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
    • C21D9/54Furnaces for treating strips or wire
    • C21D9/56Continuous furnaces for strip or wire
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/08Tin or alloys based thereon
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36Elongated material
    • C23C2/38Wires; Tubes

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,包括以下步骤:S1:拉丝,将母材通过拉丝机进行拉丝,制成直径为0.1‑1.0mm的线材;S2:等离子退火,采用等离子体对线材进行退火处理,所述等离子体为氮等离子体,所述等离子体的阴极和阳极之间的电场电压控制在0.2‑12KV,等离子退火设备中的等离子发生器与所述线材的距离控制在10‑100mm,所述退火温度为300‑1000℃;S3:热镀锡,锡炉中熔化的锡液温度控制在220‑500℃,镀锡模的孔径比线材直径大0.001‑0.01mm;S4:冷却,用水对镀锡后的线材进行冷却,然后使用风机对线材进行风冷将线材上的水吹干;S5:收线包装。

Description

热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺。
背景技术
在电线电缆生产中,最常用的镀覆导线是镀锡铜线,它主要用于橡皮绝缘的矿用电缆、机车车辆用电缆和船用电缆等的导电线芯。铜线镀锡后可以有效防止铜线的氧化及铜线与橡皮接触引起的橡皮发粘、铜线变黑等问题,同时提高电缆使用寿命和线芯的焊接。
目前,铜线热镀锡工艺包括以下几个工序 :放线—退火—冷却—干燥—酸洗—镀锡—收线。对于现有的工艺,酸洗工序通常使用强酸性溶液,虽然可保障导体的镀锡效果,但会产生诸多缺点如 :污染周边空气及环境、容易腐蚀设备或原材料、镀锡线导体经酸洗后 易氧化发黄等。此外,在生产时,铜线进入锡炉时,铜线表面的酸洗液遇高温状态的液态锡。
现有技术中如CN 102277546 A公开了一种铜线热镀锡工艺,其包括.放线、退火、干燥、镀锡、收线工序,所述退火工序需连续通入水蒸气 ;所述干燥工序干燥温度为 150~180℃。
其虽然采用水蒸气清洗铜线表面,省却了酸洗工序,不会污染环境,无酸气产生不会腐蚀,但是其无法解决线材经过镀锡模上的模孔发生断线的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中存在的缺陷,提供一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,通过等离子退火工艺不仅省却了酸洗工序而且通过均匀的再结晶粒子使得线材在进入镀锡模后加工断线的比例大大减少。
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案是提供了一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:拉丝,将母材通过拉丝机进行拉丝,制成直径为0.1-1.0mm的线材;
S2:等离子退火,采用等离子体对线材进行退火处理,所述等离子体为氮等离子体,所述等离子体的阴极和阳极之间的电场电压控制在0.2-12KV,等离子退火设备中的等离子发生器与所述线材的距离控制在10-100mm,所述退火温度为300-1000℃;
S3:热镀锡,锡炉中熔化的锡液温度控制在220-500℃,镀锡模的孔径比线材直径大0.001-0.01mm;
S4:冷却,用水对镀锡后的线材进行冷却,然后使用风机对线材进行风冷将线材上的水吹干;
S5:收线包装。
进一步改进的是:所述母材为铜包钢或铜丝或铁丝。
进一步改进的是:所述退火设备包括真空腔体以及设置于所述真空腔体内的等离子发生器,所述等离子发生器包括气体室、用于向所述气体室输入气体的进气单元、用于给进入所述气体室内的气体施加电场使其电离成为等离子体的阴极和阳极、以及设置在所述气体室顶面的离子束出口。
进一步改进的是:所述等离子发生器还包括用于控制等离子发生器温度的冷却水循环单元。
本发明的优点和有益效果在于:1、等离子体对线材进行退火的工艺,省却了酸洗工序,不会污染环境,无酸气产生不会腐蚀设备。
2、此外由于经过等离子退火处理的线材,具有良好的表面质量以及均匀的再结晶粒子使得线材在进入下一道镀锡模后加工断线的比例大大减少,同时模具的磨损也大大降低。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,包括以下步骤:
S1:拉丝,将母材通过拉丝机进行拉丝,制成直径为0.1-1.0mm的线材;
S2:等离子退火,采用等离子体对线材进行退火处理,所述等离子体为氮等离子体,所述等离子体的阴极和阳极之间的电场电压控制在0.2-12KV,等离子退火设备中的等离子发生器与所述线材的距离控制在10-100mm,所述退火温度为300-1000℃;
S3:热镀锡,锡炉中熔化的锡液温度控制在220-500℃,镀锡模的孔径比线材直径大0.001-0.01mm;
S4:冷却,用水对镀锡后的线材进行冷却,然后使用风机对线材进行风冷将线材上的水吹干;
S5:收线包装。
等离子退火的原理:在等离子体表面处理反应器中,放电气体被电离成电子和离子,在强电场作用下,离子和电子轰击线材表面,所产生的温度的本质是电子和离子对细导线表面的冲击能量,此外,电子、中性粒子碰撞的振幅也辅助生成温度。由带电粒子轰击产生的总温度(离子和电子)和中性电子的碰撞不断加热丝表面退火温度。
本实施例中优选的实施方式为,所述母材为铜包钢或铜丝或铁丝。
本实施例中优选的实施方式为,所述退火设备包括真空腔体以及设置于所述真空腔体内的等离子发生器,所述等离子发生器包括气体室、用于向所述气体室输入气体的进气单元、用于给进入所述气体室内的气体施加电场使其电离成为等离子体的阴极和阳极、以及设置在所述气体室顶面的离子束出口。
本实施例中优选的实施方式为,所述等离子发生器还包括用于控制等离子发生器温度的冷却水循环单元。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (4)

1.一种热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1:拉丝,将母材通过拉丝机进行拉丝,制成直径为0.1-1.0mm的线材;
S2:等离子退火,采用等离子体对线材进行退火处理,所述等离子体为氮等离子体,所述等离子体的阴极和阳极之间的电场电压控制在0.2-12KV,等离子退火设备中的等离子发生器与所述线材的距离控制在10-100mm,所述退火温度为300-1000℃;
S3:热镀锡,锡炉中熔化的锡液温度控制在220-500℃,镀锡模的孔径比线材直径大0.001-0.01mm;
S4:冷却,用水对镀锡后的线材进行冷却,然后使用风机对线材进行风冷将线材上的水吹干;
S5:收线包装。
2.如权利要求1所述热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,其特征在于:所述母材为铜包钢或铜丝或铁丝。
3.如权利要求1所述热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,其特征在于:所述退火设备包括真空腔体以及设置于所述真空腔体内的等离子发生器,所述等离子发生器包括气体室、用于向所述气体室输入气体的进气单元、用于给进入所述气体室内的气体施加电场使其电离成为等离子体的阴极和阳极、以及设置在所述气体室顶面的离子束出口。
4.如权利要求3所述热镀锡铜包钢生产工艺,其特征在于:所述等离子发生器还包括用于控制等离子发生器温度的冷却水循环单元。
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