CN111265355A - Preparation method of customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace - Google Patents
Preparation method of customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace Download PDFInfo
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- CN111265355A CN111265355A CN202010059773.2A CN202010059773A CN111265355A CN 111265355 A CN111265355 A CN 111265355A CN 202010059773 A CN202010059773 A CN 202010059773A CN 111265355 A CN111265355 A CN 111265355A
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- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 241000282376 Panthera tigris Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 210000003811 finger Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000001364 upper extremity Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000004932 little finger Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009499 grossing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000623 ulna Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 206010040943 Skin Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000019 skin ulcer Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010011985 Decubitus ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010023230 Joint stiffness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001132 Osteoporosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000004210 Pressure Ulcer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/04—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints
- A61F5/05—Devices for stretching or reducing fractured limbs; Devices for distractions; Splints for immobilising
- A61F5/058—Splints
- A61F5/05841—Splints for the limbs
- A61F5/05858—Splints for the limbs for the arms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1075—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof for measuring dimensions by non-invasive methods, e.g. for determining thickness of tissue layer
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/107—Measuring physical dimensions, e.g. size of the entire body or parts thereof
- A61B5/1077—Measuring of profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
Abstract
A method for preparing a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace includes the steps of carrying out three-dimensional scanning modeling on a healthy side of a target object by utilizing a three-dimensional scanning technology, carrying out mirror surface treatment on the healthy side through reverse engineering software, designing an affected side model of the target object, and carrying out design such as local stretching treatment, surface processing modification, curved surface cutting, inner and outer side inversion, materialization, finite element analysis, hollow design and the like on the affected side model. And finally, 3D printing is carried out on the breathable forearm fixing brace through 3D printing equipment. The customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace adopts a 3D printing technology, and the forearm fixing brace suitable for a target object is customized according to different target object arms. And the fixing brace adopts a partially hollowed design, so that the air permeability of the brace is increased, and meanwhile, the rehabilitation condition of the arm at the affected side of the target object can be tracked and observed in real time through the hollowed part, so that the rehabilitation of the affected side of the target object is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rehabilitation orthopedic devices, in particular to a preparation method of a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace.
Background
For a target subject with a fractured forearm, a traditional plaster bandage is often used clinically to fix the injured forearm of the arm of the target subject. In the existing plaster bandage fixing technology, because the used plaster is high molecular plaster, the plaster has the problems of air impermeability, complicated fixing process and the like under the fixation of the bandage. Especially in hot weather, the plaster is not easy to detach, so that the arms in the plaster cannot be cleaned in time, bacteria are easy to breed, and further complications such as skin itch, pressure sore, skin ulcer and the like are caused, and the rehabilitation of the arms of the target object is not facilitated.
Although the arm fixing brace made of gypsum is simple and convenient to prepare, the prepared gypsum mold is easy to cause internal unsmooth, easily causes secondary damage to the arm of a target object and is not beneficial to the rehabilitation of the target object.
The operation of fixing by using the plaster bandage is relatively complicated, and the condition of over-tight winding is easy to occur when the operation is not standard, so that the blood circulation of the arm of a target object is influenced, and osteofascial compartment syndrome, expense osteoporosis, joint stiffness and the like are easy to cause.
Therefore, aiming at the defects of the prior art, the preparation method of the customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace is provided to solve the defects of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to avoid the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace. The customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace adopts a 3D printing technology, and the forearm fixing brace suitable for a target object is customized according to different target object arms. This fixed brace adopts the design of part fretwork, increases the gas permeability of brace, can also follow tracks of the arm condition of observing the target object in real time through fretwork department simultaneously, is convenient for target object's recovery.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical measures:
the preparation method of the customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace is realized by the following steps:
1.1, scanning the healthy side of the target object in three dimensions through the body surface to obtain an original file of a healthy side upper limb model, and importing the healthy side upper limb model into Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software.
1.2 in Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software, obtaining an affected side model of a target object by using mirror image processing.
1.3, importing the affected side model file of the target object into material 3-material Research reverse engineering modeling software, and performing local stretching treatment on the model to obtain a stretching model.
And 1.4, introducing the tensile model into the Geomagic Studio again, processing and modifying the surface of the model, deleting the uneven palm surface, filling the curvature according to the change of the curvature of the model, and smoothing the whole model to obtain the smoothed model.
1.5, curve cutting is adopted for the smooth model, the cutting height range of the side surface of the smooth model is 1/2-2/3 of the smooth model, and the position of the forearm is cut to the position of 2/3 of the elbow cross striation distance cross striation.
And 1.6, inverting the inner side and the outer side of the cut model to obtain the smooth inner side brace model.
1.7, importing the brace model file with smooth inner side into materialization modeling software, carrying out materialization on the mold, setting the thickness of the brace model according to actual requirements, and setting the thickness range of the brace model to be 3-4mm to obtain the entity model.
1.8, carrying out finite element analysis on the solid model, obtaining mechanical information of the brace model, obtaining the model after the finite element analysis, importing the model file after the finite element analysis into Unigraphics NX software, and carrying out hollow design on the palm part and the forearm palm part of the model to obtain the hollow model.
1.9 import the fretwork model file into 3D and print former, support the fretwork model and generate before carrying out 3D and print the model after generating supporting.
Preferably, in step 1.1, the three-dimensional scanning mode is one of a laser type and a grating type.
Preferably, in step 1.3, the partial stretching of the stretching model is to stretch the little finger to the height of the ring finger, stretch the tiger's mouth outwards, stretch the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process outwards, and flatten the palm surface. The brace model was everted at the mouth of the tiger and at the edges of the forearm section. The elongation range of the edges of the five fingers is 3-7mm, the outward stretching range of the tiger mouth is 3-7mm, and the outward stretching range of the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process is 3-7 mm.
Preferably, in step 1.4, the fairing process selects the removed features where the local and peripheral features are not commensurate.
Preferably, in step 1.8, the pattern designed by the hollow is a pattern hollow, and the aperture of the hollow is determined according to the actual size of the model.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace, which is characterized in that a three-dimensional scanning technology is utilized to carry out three-dimensional scanning modeling on a healthy side of a target object, mirror processing is carried out on the healthy side through reverse engineering software, an affected side model of the target object is designed, and the affected side model is subjected to design such as local stretching processing, surface processing modification, curved surface cutting, inner and outer side inversion, materialization, finite element analysis, hollow design and the like. And finally, 3D printing is carried out on the breathable forearm fixing brace through 3D printing equipment. The customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace adopts a 3D printing technology, and the forearm fixing brace suitable for a target object is customized according to different target object arms. And the fixing brace adopts a partially hollowed design, so that the air permeability of the brace is increased, and meanwhile, the rehabilitation condition of the arm at the affected side of the target object can be tracked and observed in real time through the hollowed part, so that the rehabilitation of the affected side of the target object is facilitated.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by means of the attached drawings, the content of which is not in any way limiting.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an implementation of the preparation method of the customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace of the invention in example 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of mirror image processing of a healthy side model in embodiment 1 of a method for manufacturing a customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a method of making a customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace of the invention example 1 is provided with a brace model of thickness.
Fig. 4 is an illustration of the effect of the method of making a customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace of the invention on a 3D-printed finished product of example 1.
Fig. 5 is a pattern of a hollow design in example 1 of a method of making a customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace of the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1.
A method for preparing a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixation brace, as shown in fig. 1, the design method is implemented by the following steps:
1.1, scanning the healthy side of the target object in three dimensions through the body surface to obtain an original file of a healthy side upper limb model, and importing the healthy side upper limb model into Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software.
The three-dimensional scanning mode adopted by the body surface three-dimensional scanning in the embodiment is grating scanning, and grating three-dimensional scanning can realize more precise scanning, and the common use of grating three-dimensional scanning in medicine is common knowledge in the field, and is not described herein again.
It should be noted that the body surface three-dimensional scanning mode of the present invention may be a grating type scanning mode or a laser type scanning mode, and the specific implementation mode is determined according to the actual situation.
1.2 in Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software, obtaining an affected side model of a target object by using mirror image processing.
Specifically, in the Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software, after clicking a tool module, selecting a mirror image-pickup plane-XZ plane, and clicking application, the mirror image model of the healthy side, namely the model of the affected side, can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 2, after the healthy side of the target object is processed by mirror image, the affected side model of the target object is obtained, and the affected side of the target object does not need to be scanned, thereby reducing the trouble of scanning the affected side of the target object.
1.3, importing the affected side model file of the target object into material 3-material Research reverse engineering modeling software, and performing local stretching treatment on the model to obtain a stretching model.
Specifically, in the material 3-material Research reverse engineering modeling software, "Finish-Push and Pull" is selected to stretch the affected side model of the target object.
More specifically, the partial stretching of the stretching model comprises the steps of stretching the little finger to the height of the ring finger, stretching the tiger's jaw outwards, stretching the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process outwards, and flattening the palm surface. The brace model was everted at the mouth of the tiger and at the edges of the forearm section. The elongation range of the edges of the five fingers is 3-7mm, the outward stretching range of the tiger mouth is 3-7mm, and the outward stretching range of the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process is 3-7 mm.
The affected side model of the target object is stretched, in order to avoid the formation of an indentation caused by the contact of the affected side model with the edge of the brace and reduce the occurrence of skin ulcer, a space is reserved between the affected side of the target object and the brace, and the phenomenon that the affected side of the target object contacts the skin at the edge of the brace to form an indentation and influence the recovery of the affected side of the target object is avoided.
And 1.4, introducing the tensile model into the Geomagic Studio again, processing and modifying the surface of the model, deleting the uneven palm surface, filling the curvature according to the change of the curvature of the model, and smoothing the whole model to obtain the smoothed model.
Specifically, in the Geomagic Studio software, a polygonal module is selected, the surface of the model is processed and modified, the uneven palm surface is deleted, then curvature filling is carried out according to the change of the curvature of the model, and the uneven curvature of the model is repaired. And finally, smoothing the whole model to make the whole model look natural and beautiful.
1.5 adopting curve cutting to the model after the fairing treatment, wherein the cutting height range of the side surface of the model after the fairing treatment is 1/2-2/3 of the height of the model after the fairing treatment, and the position of the forearm is cut to the position of 2/3 of the elbow cross striation distance cross striation.
The model is cut, the curve of the uneven model is removed, and meanwhile, the manufacturing material of the model can be saved.
And 1.6, inverting the inner side and the outer side of the cut model to obtain the smooth inner side brace model.
The inner side and the outer side of the brace model are inverted, and the smooth side of the brace after smoothing treatment is taken as the inner side which is in contact with the affected side of the target object, so that the damage of the uneven surface to the skin of the affected side of the target object is avoided.
1.7, importing the smooth-inside brace model file into materialism modeling software, carrying out materialization on the mold, and setting the thickness of the brace model according to actual requirements, wherein as shown in fig. 3, the thickness range of the brace model is set to be 3-4mm, and the entity model is obtained.
The die is materialized, and the thickness range of the die is set, so that the produced die has certain bearing pressure and is not easy to damage.
1.8, carrying out finite element analysis on the solid model, obtaining mechanical information of the brace model, obtaining the model after the finite element analysis, importing the model file after the finite element analysis into Unigraphics NX software, and carrying out hollow design on the palm part and the forearm palm part of the model, as shown in fig. 4, thus obtaining the model after the hollow design.
As shown in fig. 5, the hollow-out shape of the present embodiment is a petal-shaped hollow-out design.
It should be noted that the shape of the hollow part in the hollow model of the present invention may be designed as a hollow design in the shape of a petal, or may be designed as a hollow design in the shape of other polygons such as a circle, a rectangle, a triangle, a sector, etc., and the specific implementation manner is determined according to the actual situation.
1.9 import the fretwork model file into 3D and print former, support the fretwork model and generate before carrying out 3D and print the model after generating supporting.
The invention adopts a 3D printing forming method to manufacture the air-permeable forearm fixing brace, realizes the direct forming of the air-permeable forearm fixing brace, saves the time and the cost, and overcomes the defects of high cost, complicated working procedures and the like of the traditional manufacturing process.
In this embodiment, the 3D printing material used is a transparent material for printing. A transparent fixing brace is manufactured, and whether the affected side of the target object is pressed or not and the rehabilitation condition can be tracked and observed in real time after the target object is worn.
In the preparation method of the customized 3D-printed breathable forearm fixation brace in this embodiment, a three-dimensional scanning technology is used to scan and model the healthy side of the target object, mirror processing is performed on the healthy side through reverse engineering, so as to design the affected side model of the target object, and the affected side model is subjected to design such as stretching, surface finishing and modification, curved surface cutting, inner and outer inversion, materialization, finite element analysis, hollow design and the like. And finally, 3D printing is carried out on the breathable forearm fixing brace through 3D printing equipment. The customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace adopts a 3D printing technology, and the forearm fixing brace suitable for a target object is customized according to different target object arms. After the fixed brace is analyzed through finite elements, the fixed brace is designed to be partially hollowed, the air permeability of the brace is increased, meanwhile, the arm condition of the target object can be tracked and observed in real time through the hollowed part, and the rehabilitation of the affected side of the target object is facilitated.
Example 2.
The other characteristics of the preparation method are the same as those of the embodiment 1, except that the edges of fingers are lengthened by 5mm, the tiger mouths of the fingers are stretched outwards by 5mm, the styloid process of radius and the styloid process of ulna are stretched outwards by 5mm, and the thickness of a brace model is set to be 3 mm.
In this embodiment, a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace with a brace model finger edge stretched 5mm, a tiger's mouth stretched 5mm, a radius styloid process and an ulna styloid process stretched 5mm, and a brace model thickness set to 3mm is taken as an example.
It should be noted that, most preferably, the edges of the five fingers of the present invention may be elongated by 5mm, or may be any value of 3 to 7 mm. The stretching length of the tiger's mouth can be 5mm, and can also be any value of 3-7 mm. The stretching length of the styloid process of the radius and the styloid process of the ulna can be 5mm, and can also be any value of 3-7 mm. The thickness of the brace model can be set to be 3mm, and can also be set to be any value of 3-4 mm. The specific implementation is determined according to actual conditions.
Different from embodiment 1, the thickness of the brace model of the embodiment is set to be 3mm, and the hollow design is performed on the basis of the brace model with the thickness of 3mm, so that the problem that the brace model is broken due to the fact that the thickness of the brace model is too thin and the stress is uneven in the printing process is avoided.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A preparation method of a customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1.1, scanning the healthy side of a target object in a three-dimensional way through a body surface to obtain an original file of a healthy side upper limb model, and importing the healthy side upper limb model into Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software;
1.2 in Geomagic Studio reverse engineering modeling software, obtaining an affected side model of a target object by using mirror image processing;
1.3, importing an affected side model file of the target object into material 3-material Research reverse engineering modeling software, and performing local stretching treatment on the model to obtain a stretching model;
1.4, the tensile model is led into the Geomagic Studio again, the surface of the model is processed and modified, the uneven palm surface is deleted, curvature filling is carried out according to the change of the curvature of the model, and the whole model is smoothened to obtain the model after smoothening;
1.5, curve cutting is adopted on the smooth model, the cutting height range of the side surface of the smooth model is 1/2-2/3 of the smooth model, and the position of the forearm is cut to the position of 2/3 of the elbow cross striation distance cross striation;
1.6, inverting the inner side and the outer side of the cut model to obtain a smooth inner side brace model;
1.7, importing the brace model file with smooth inner side into materialization modeling software, carrying out materialization on the die, and setting the thickness of the brace model according to actual requirements;
setting the thickness range of the brace model to be 3-4mm to obtain a solid model;
1.8, carrying out finite element analysis on the solid model, acquiring mechanical information of the brace model, acquiring the model after the finite element analysis, importing a model file after the finite element analysis into Unigraphics NX software, and carrying out hollow design on a palm part and a forearm palm part of the model to acquire a hollow model;
1.9 import the fretwork model file into 3D and print former, support the fretwork model and generate before carrying out 3D and print the model after generating supporting.
2. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1.1, the three-dimensional scanning mode is one of a laser type and a grating type.
3. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 1, wherein: in the step 1.3, the local stretching of the stretching model comprises the steps of stretching the little finger to the height of the ring finger, stretching the tiger's mouth outwards, stretching the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process outwards, and flattening the palm surface.
4. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 3, wherein: the brace model was everted at the mouth of the tiger and at the edges of the forearm section.
5. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 4, wherein: the elongation range of the edges of the five fingers is 3-7mm, the outward stretching range of the tiger mouth is 3-7mm, and the outward stretching range of the radial styloid process and the ulnar styloid process is 3-7 mm.
6. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 1, wherein: in step 1.4, the fairing process is to select a removal feature for a place where the local and peripheral features are not matched.
7. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 4, wherein: in the step 1.8, the patterns designed in the hollow-out mode are in hollow-out patterns.
8. The method of making a customized 3D printed breathable forearm fixation brace of claim 7, wherein: the hollow hole diameter is determined according to the actual size of the model.
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