CN106976240A - The design and preparation method of a kind of customization stabilizing brace after flexor tendon injury in hand reparation - Google Patents
The design and preparation method of a kind of customization stabilizing brace after flexor tendon injury in hand reparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN106976240A CN106976240A CN201710223062.2A CN201710223062A CN106976240A CN 106976240 A CN106976240 A CN 106976240A CN 201710223062 A CN201710223062 A CN 201710223062A CN 106976240 A CN106976240 A CN 106976240A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
- A61F5/0104—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation
- A61F5/0118—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation for the arms, hands or fingers
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- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention proposes the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand is repaired, the threedimensional model of Ipsilateral arm skin and the threedimensional model of healthy side hand portion skin are reconstructed using CT scan data, healthy side hand portion skin threedimensional model is subjected to mirror image by symmetrical plane of sagittal plane, the skin threedimensional model obtained with mirror image substitutes the corresponding position of Ipsilateral, and is merged into new arm threedimensional model with Ipsilateral forearm；With design customization stabilizing brace based on the threedimensional model of merging, the finger part of brace can be achieved periodically adjustment and coordinate early functional exercise using adjusted design is rotated；Finite element analysis and Experiments of Machanics are carried out to brace, brace is made by 3D printing.Present invention design is accurate with the customization brace shape prepared, it is good to wear convenience, effect of fitting, better than traditional brace manufacture craft in terms of precision, processing efficiency, stock utilization.
Description
Technical field
Invention is related to a kind of medical instruments field, is specially a kind of after flexor tendon injury in hand prosthesis, for solid
Determine the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace of hand.
Background technology
The hand of patient is fixed on by function digit using gypsum more than flexor tendon injury in hand Post operation, gypsum poor air permeability is long
Phase, which is fixed, may result in the problems such as tendon is with surrounding tissue adhesion and limited tendon sliding function.Brace is another for art
The apparatus of hand is fixed afterwards, but traditional brace is to make by hand, makes the technical merit that precision is decided by producer, also exists
Volume is larger, the shape at shape and wearing is mismatched, process is complex, it is airtight the problems such as.
Fix the deficiency existed for plaster fixing and traditional brace, occur in that in recent years the designs of some new braces with
Preparation method.201010011458.9 disclose stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor digitorum muscle of hand key fracture restoration, in forearm, the back of the hand, hand
Carry out adjustment angle provided with hinge axis between the parts such as finger joint, pass through fixing band and woollen goods hasp and realize and fix, it is to avoid finger is postoperative
The drawbacks of being fixed on strength flexing position always, but due to result in the increase of brace volume activity adjustment part more.
201410512835.5 disclose a kind of bone orthopedic brace shaping method based on 3-D scanning, are obtained by 3-D scanning technology
Obtain body surface data and carry out three-dimensional modeling, utilize X-ray to obtain bone information amendment threedimensional model, recycle 3D printing technique to make
Orthopedic brace.This modeling pattern due to patient can not the long period one static posture of holding, 3-D scanning can be caused
The splicing precision of curved surface is affected, and it is two dimensional image that X-ray, which obtains bone information, is had to the correction effect of threedimensional model
Limit.201510809152.0 disclose a kind of 3D printing bone orthopedic brace preparation method based on medical image.This method is led to
Cross the surface model of the medical image data reconstruct brace zone of action, the degree of accuracy is higher, but be unsuitable for being broken in a organized way, bleeding,
The postoperative stabilizing brace of the special circumstances such as swelling, fracture.
Existing technology is not disclosed has rupture of tendon, bleeding, swelling or even fracture for flexor tendon injury in hand is this kind of
Etc. the three-dimensional rebuilding method in the affected part of special circumstances, the design method of the brace limited for functional position is not disclosed yet,
The 3D printing making aspect of brace is not accounted in terms of material, performance yet, it is therefore necessary to be further improved.
The content of the invention
To solve the design and technology of preparing of existing brace, the fixation after flexor tendon injury in hand prosthesis is not suitable for
Problem, the present invention proposes a kind of by the way that digital medical, CAD, reverse-engineering, finite element analysis, mechanics is real
Test, the technology such as 3D printing is combined, carry out design and preparation method that flexor tendon injury in hand customizes stabilizing brace.The present invention
Thinking be Ipsilateral by CT scan patient and the arm of strong side, and reconstruct using scan data the three-dimensional mould of the arm of Ipsilateral
Type and healthy side hand refer to the threedimensional model with the back of the hand, and healthy side hand portion threedimensional model is carried out into mirror image by symmetrical plane of sagittal plane,
The threedimensional model obtained with mirror image substitutes the corresponding site of the injured hand of Ipsilateral, and is merged into new arm three-dimensional with Ipsilateral forearm
Model, then with design customization stabilizing brace based on the threedimensional model merged, designed brace is further carried out limited
Meta analysis and Experiments of Machanics, result to be designed are met after mechanical property requirements, are made by 3D printing method and are assembled brace.
The present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：A kind of design of customization stabilizing brace after flexor tendon injury in hand reparation
With preparation method, comprise the following steps.
Step 1：The upper limbs of patient is scanned using Image Examinations such as CT, and exports scan data.
Step 2：The patient data that input step 1 is gathered in Medical Image Processing software, extracts Ipsilateral from finger to elbow
The skin data of the finger and the back of the hand of the skin data in joint and strong side, carries out the editor of skin of upper extremity threedimensional model, and exports
Threedimensional model after reconstruct.
Step 3：In reverse engineering software, the operation such as repaired, split to the threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2, will
It is divided into forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts.
Step 4：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the three-dimensional mould for the forearm part being partitioned into step 3
The retained part of brace is designed based on type.
Step 5：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, by the three of the finger reconstructed in step 3 and skin of dorsum of hand
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on dimension module.
Step 6：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement in anatomy to hand function digit, design
The wrist joint fixed part of brace.
Step 7：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, the brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6
Forearm, finger and the back of the hand, three parts of wrist, form a complete brace threedimensional model.
Step 8：Numerical simulation analysis is carried out to the stressing conditions of brace in finite element analysis software.
Step 9：According to the analysis result of step 8, bend specimen is designed according to the architectural feature of stress maximum region, and adopt
Designed sample is prepared with 3D printing method.
Step 10：Three-point bending test is carried out to bend specimen, if sample mechanical property meet require if set by 3D printing
The brace of meter.If sample mechanical property can not meet requirement, 4 ~ step 10 of repeat step as the case may be is needed, modification is weak
The structure at position, until the mechanical property of sample meets the brace after requiring again designed by 3D printing.
Preferably, step 1 will select the thickness less than 1mm to be scanned when scanning the upper limbs of patient, and will scan number
According to the file for being output as DICOM format.
Preferably, step 2 comprises the following steps.
Step 21, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, are selected during importing
CT scan layered image in the range of elbow joint to finger.
Step 22, the gray difference according to different tissues, extract skin layer data of the threshold range between -718 ~ -177.
Step 23, pass through masking-out editor and region growing, extract Ipsilateral finger to elbow joint part skin data build
Threedimensional model.
Step 24, by masking-out editor and region growing, extract healthy side hand and refer to and build three-dimensional mould with the skin data of the back of the hand
Type.
Step 25, healthy side hand is referred to mirror image operation is carried out by the plane of symmetry of sagittal plane with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand.
The skin threedimensional model of step 26, the finger for being obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point and the back of the hand corresponding portion with Ipsilateral
The threedimensional model alignment of position.
After step 27, alignment, the finger and the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand obtained with mirror image replaces Ipsilateral corresponding position
Threedimensional model, and merge processing with Ipsilateral forearm threedimensional model.
Step 28, the skin threedimensional model of merging is output as STL formatted files.
Preferably, step 3 comprises the following steps.
Step 31, in reverse engineering software, the STL formatted files of the skin threedimensional model exported in steps for importing 28.
Step 32, the skin threedimensional model to importing carry out the diagnosis of tri patch, repair the defects such as hole, Self-crossover.
Step 33, the skin threedimensional model after reparation is split, cut from elbow joint to radioulnaris distalis corresponding position
Take out forearm part, wrist joint part intercepted out from chi distal radius to metacarpal bone near-end corresponding position, from metacarpal bone near-end to by
The distal phalanx distal end corresponding position for hindering hand intercepts out finger and hand back part.
Step 34, three partly progress surface fittings, and be output as forearm, wrist respectively respectively to being extracted in step 33
Portion, three STEP formatted files of finger and the back of the hand.
Preferably, step 4 comprises the following steps.
Step 41, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the STEP lattice of the forearm part exported in steps for importing 34
Formula file.
Step 42, the threedimensional model to the forearm part of importing carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 43, the forearm threedimensional model progress subdivision to thickening, are divided into inner forearm fixed part and outer from structure
Side fixed part two parts.
Hinge and lock are designed at step 44, the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, obtains brace being fixed on forearm
On retained part；Inner forearm can be easy to be clamped in before patient with outside model using hinge as rotating shaft opening and closing
On arm.
Preferably, step 5 comprises the following steps.
Step 51, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, import the finger that exports in step 34 and hand back part
STEP formatted files.
Step 52, the requirement shaping-orientation line according to finger function position, the starting point of leading line are corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location,
Terminal is corresponding with the middle phalanx proximal location of injured finger, the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line
It is 40 ~ 70 degree.
Step 53, the metacarpal bone near-end of the STEP models imported in step 51, metacarpal bone distal end, injured finger middle phalanx it is near
Cutting planes are set up at end, cutting planes are vertical with the leading line in step 52, three transversals are obtained after being cut to model.
Step 54, three transversals of acquisition are scanned by leading line, obtain brace and fix injured finger and the back of the hand
Three-dimensional surface model.
Step 55, thickening operation is carried out to scanning obtained three-dimensional surface model, thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 56, the threedimensional model obtained according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand to thickening enter edlin, remove not
The part needed.
Step 57, extract with the corresponding skin threedimensional model of injury finger, according to finger width by brace fixed finger portion
Point Cross section Design be U-shaped, the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction.
Step 58, the three-dimensional surface model to U-shaped section carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 59, the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part near-end design can realize the attachment structure of rotation, make
The part that brace fixes injured finger can adjust angle according to the need for rehabilitation training.
Preferably, step 6 comprises the following steps.
Step 61, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, brace wrist is designed according to the requirement of anatomy function digit and closed
The leading line of flexion position is saved, wrist joint flexion angle scope is between 30 ~ 45 degree.
The brace that the distal sections curve and step 55 for the model on the outside of forearm that step 62, extraction step 43 are obtained are obtained
The proximal cross-section curve of fixed finger and hand back part, is carried out scanning operation using the leading line described in step 61, is propped up
The wrist joint fixed part of tool.
Preferably, step 7 comprises the following steps.
Step 71, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, be sequentially inserted into before the brace obtained by step 44 is fixed on
The brace that the threedimensional model of the Outboard Sections of arm, step 62 are obtained is fixed the threedimensional model of wrist joint part, step 56 and obtained
Brace fixes progress Boolean calculation after the threedimensional model of hand back part, alignment mating surface and is merged into an entirety.
The brace that step 72, inserting step 44 are obtained is fixed on the threedimensional model of the inboard portion of forearm, step 59 and obtained
Brace fix the threedimensional model of injured finger part, the threedimensional model completed with step 71 is assembled, and obtains the total of brace
Body assembles threedimensional model.
Step 73, on the overall assembling threedimensional model of brace add air-vent.
Preferably, step 8 comprises the following steps.
Step 81, the brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in finite element analysis software in steps for importing 73.
Step 82, the brace threedimensional model to importing carry out mesh generation.
Step 83, brace threedimensional model imposed load and constraints to importing.
Step 84, the stressing conditions to the brace threedimensional model of importing are solved.
Step 85, output Finite element analysis results.
Preferably, step 9 comprises the following steps.
Step 91, the architectural feature according to stress maximum region in the analysis result of step 85 extraction brace, design bending
Experimental sample.
Step 92, the crooked experiment sample using 3D printing method making design, quantity are no less than 5, and each sample is same
When print；Sample material is PLA（PLA）.
Preferably, step 10 comprises the following steps.
Step 101, the bend specimen to 3D printing carry out three-point bending test.
Whether step 102, the bending strength of analysis sample meet design requirement.
Required if step 103, sample mechanical property are met, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanics
Performance is unsatisfactory for requiring, then according to the particular location of stress maximum modification branch lamps structure, and repeat step 4 as the case may be
~ step 10, until sample mechanical property meets all parts of 3D printing brace after requiring.
Step 104, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing into complete brace.
Implement the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace after the flexor tendon injury in hand reparation of the present invention, just like
Lower beneficial effect.
1. the present invention using the CT scan data of patient come design customization brace, with shape it is accurate, wear convenience,
Fit that effect is good, good permeability the characteristics of；The finger part of brace uses rotatable adjusted design, in the different of the injured finger of limitation
Often while activity, periodically adjustment can be achieved and coordinates early functional exercise.
2. the present invention is good for the finger and the back of the hand threedimensional model of side using the patient of reconstruct, Ipsilateral is replaced by mirror-image fashion
Injury, can avoid the deviation directly caused with the CT scan data design brace in affected part.
3. the PLA material that the present invention is used, is a kind of biodegradation material, good biocompatibility；And brace is in rehabilitation
After be easily processed, do not pollute the environment.
4. the present invention makes brace using 3D printing method, the brace threedimensional model of design is directly inputted into 3D printer
Afterwards, simple setting technological parameter can just make, better than tradition in terms of brace precision, processing efficiency, stock utilization
Brace manufacture craft.
5. the present invention carries out mechanical property point with the method that Experiments of Machanics are combined using limited element analysis technique to brace
Analysis, can effectively ensure that the mechanical property of brace meets the requirement of safe handling.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 show the flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment and accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, but the specific embodiment party of the present invention
Formula is not limited to this.
Embodiment
The present invention reconstructs Ipsilateral elbow joint to hand by the Ipsilateral and the arm of strong side of CT scan patient using scan data
The skin threedimensional model and healthy side hand of finger refer to the skin threedimensional model with hand back part, by healthy side hand portion skin threedimensional model with
Sagittal plane is that symmetrical plane carries out mirror image processing.The skin threedimensional model obtained with mirror image substitutes the injured finger and the back of the hand of Ipsilateral
Partial skin threedimensional model, and new arm skin threedimensional model is merged into Ipsilateral forearm, it is with the threedimensional model of merging
Basic engineering customizes stabilizing brace, and finite element analysis and three-point bending test, result to be designed are carried out to designed brace
Meet after mechanical property requirements, made by 3D printing method and assemble brace.Flow such as accompanying drawing 1, specifically includes following steps.
Step 1：The upper limbs of patient is scanned using Image Examinations such as CT, sweep span is less than 1mm, and will scan number
DICOM format is exported according to this.
Step 2：The patient data that input step 1 is gathered in Medical Image Processing software, extract Ipsilateral from finger to
The skin data of the finger and the back of the hand of the skin data of elbow joint and strong side, carry out ipsilateral upper limb skin threedimensional model editor with
Reconstruct, it is specific as follows.
A, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, select elbow joint during importing
CT scan layered image in the range of to finger.
B, according to the gray difference of different tissues extract skin layer；The threshold range of skin is between -718 ~ -177, due to CT
The effect of scanning is variant, it is necessary to which Selection effect optimum value is adjusted within the range according to the situation of data.
C, pass through masking-out editor, region growing, extract Ipsilateral finger to the skin data of elbow joint part and build three-dimensional mould
Type.
D, by masking-out editor, region growing, extract and strong survey finger and the skin data of the back of the hand builds threedimensional model.
E, healthy side hand is referred to mirror image operation is carried out by the plane of symmetry of sagittal plane with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand.
F, the skin threedimensional model of the finger for being obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point and the back of the hand and Ipsilateral corresponding position
Threedimensional model aligns.
The skin threedimensional model obtained after G, alignment with mirror image replaces the threedimensional model of Ipsilateral corresponding position.
H, the skin threedimensional model for replacing completion merge, and are output as STL formatted files.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 2 be due to Ipsilateral hand injury be broken in a organized way, bleeding, swelling in addition fracture etc. feelings
Condition, if directly carrying out three-dimensionalreconstruction using the CT scan data of injured hand, can cause the threedimensional model appearance of reconstruct very big
Dimensional discrepancy.Therefore, symmetry, similitude, successional feature are had according to human body, complete by the strong side of mirror-image fashion use
The three-dimensional data of finger and the back of the hand replaces the three-dimensional data of Ipsilateral hand injury, can avoid directly being swept with the CT in affected part
The deviation retouched data reconstruction threedimensional model and caused.
Step 3：In reverse engineering software, the behaviour such as repaired, split to the skin threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2
Make, be divided into forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts.It is specific as follows.
The STL formatted files of skin threedimensional model are exported in A, steps for importing 2.
B, the skin threedimensional model to importing carry out the diagnosis of tri patch, repair the defects such as hole, Self-crossover.
C, the skin threedimensional model after reparation is split, before being intercepted out with elbow joint to radioulnaris distalis corresponding position
Arm section, wrist joint part is intercepted out from chi distal radius to metacarpal bone near-end corresponding position, from metacarpal bone near-end to injured hand
Distal phalanx distal end corresponding position intercepts out finger and hand back part.
D, surface fittings are carried out to extract three parts respectively, be output as forearm, wrist, finger and three, the back of the hand
STEP formatted files.
Step 4：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the three-dimensional mould for the forearm part being partitioned into step 3
The retained part of brace is designed based on type.It is specific as follows.
The STEP formatted files of the forearm part exported in A, steps for importing 3.
B, the threedimensional model to the forearm part of importing carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
C, the forearm threedimensional model progress subdivision to thickening, inner forearm fixed part is divided into from structure and is fixed with outside
Part two parts.
Hinge and lock are designed at D, the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, the folder that brace is fixed on forearm is obtained
Hold part；Inner forearm can be easy to be clamped on the forearm of patient with outside model using hinge as rotating shaft opening and closing.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 4 is the threedimensional model of the skin layer for the forearm that brace is worn according to extraction patient, and design will
Brace is fixed on the retained part of Ipsilateral forearm, inner forearm and the outside model of this part can be opened by rotating shaft of hinge and
Closure, is easy to that brace is clamped and is fixed on the forearm of Ipsilateral.
Step 5：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the finger and the skin three of the back of the hand reconstructed in step 3
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on dimension module, it is specific as follows.
A, the finger that importing is exported in step 3 and hand back part STEP formatted files.
B, the requirement shaping-orientation line according to finger function position, the starting point of leading line are corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location, terminal
Middle phalanx proximal location with injured finger is corresponding, and the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line is 40
~ 70 degree.
C, STEP models and metacarpal bone near-end in importing, metacarpal bone distal end, the middle phalanx proximal end of injured finger are set up and cut
Cutting plane, cutting planes are vertical with leading line, and three transversals are obtained after being cut to model.
F, thickening operation is carried out to scanning obtained three-dimensional surface model, thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
G, the threedimensional model obtained according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand to thickening enter edlin, and removing need not
Part.
H, extraction skin threedimensional model corresponding with injured finger, according to finger width cutting brace fixed finger part
Face is designed as U-shaped, and the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction.
I, the three-dimensional surface model to U-shaped section carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
J, the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part near-end design can realize the attachment structure of rotation, fix brace
The part of injured finger can adjust angle according to the need for rehabilitation training.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 5 be used in the skin threedimensional model of finger according to reconstruct and the back of the hand, design brace it is solid
Determine the back of the hand rotatable regulation part corresponding with injured finger；It can be realized while limitation injured finger abnormal movement
Periodically adjustment and cooperation early functional exercise.
Step 6：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, the requirement according to anatomy to hand function digit, design branch
The wrist joint fixed part of tool, it is specific as follows.
A, the requirement according to anatomy function digit, design brace wrist joint make wrist joint in the leading line of flexion position
Flexion angle scope is between 30 ~ 45 degree.
The distal sections curve and step 5 for the threedimensional model that the brace that B, extraction step 4 are obtained is fixed on the outside of forearm are obtained
Brace fixed finger and hand back part proximal cross-section curve, scanned using the leading line set up in the A of this step
Operation, obtains the wrist joint fixed part of brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 6 is the wrist joint fixed part that brace is designed according to the requirement of anatomy function digit；Due to
The hand of patient can not be made to be maintained at correct function digit in CT scan, so needing the function digit angle according to anatomical requirements
To design the wrist joint fixed part of brace, and it is set to clamp the part on the outside of forearm and the part light of fixed the back of the hand with brace
Slip.
Step 7：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, the brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6
Forearm, finger and the back of the hand, three parts of wrist, form a complete brace threedimensional model, specific as follows.
A, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, be sequentially inserted into the outside that the brace obtained by step 4D fixes forearm
The brace that threedimensional model, the step 5G that the brace that partial threedimensional model, step 6B are obtained fixes wrist joint part are obtained is fixed
Boolean calculation, which is carried out, after the threedimensional model of hand back part, alignment mating surface is merged into an entirety.
The brace that threedimensional model, the step 5J that the brace that B, inserting step 4D are obtained fixes the inboard portion of forearm are obtained is consolidated
The threedimensional model of fixed injury finger part, is assembled with the step 7A threedimensional models completed, obtains the overall assembling three of brace
Dimension module.
C, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, add air-vent on the overall assembling threedimensional model of brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 7 is that each part of the above brace that each step is completed is merged into an entirety.
Step 8：Numerical simulation analysis is carried out to the stressing conditions of brace in finite element analysis software.It is specific as follows.
The brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in A, steps for importing 7.
B, the brace threedimensional model to importing carry out mesh generation.
C, brace threedimensional model imposed load and constraints to importing.
D, the stressing conditions to the brace threedimensional model of importing are solved.
E, output Finite element analysis results.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 8 is that the mechanical property to brace by way of Computer Numerical Simulation is analyzed, and is passed through
Brace deformation under external force and stress distribution situation are analyzed, the maximum region of stress in brace is determined.
Step 9：According to the analysis result of step 8, bend specimen is designed according to the architectural feature of stress maximum region, and adopt
Designed sample is prepared with 3D printing method, it is specific as follows.
A, the architectural feature according to stress maximum region in the analysis result of step 8 extraction brace, it is real according to three-point bending
The standard design crooked experiment sample tested.
B, the crooked experiment sample using 3D printing method making design, quantity are no less than 5, and each sample will be beaten simultaneously
Print；Sample material is PLA（PLA）.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 9 is the Finite element analysis results according to step 8, further real by the mechanics of three-point bending
Proved recipe method examines the security of branch lamps structure.
Step 10：Three-point bending test is carried out to bend specimen, required if sample mechanical property is met, set by 3D printing
The brace of meter.If sample mechanical property can not meet requirement, 4 ~ step 10 of repeat step as the case may be is needed, brace is changed
Corresponding structure, is required until sample mechanical property is met, then the brace designed by 3D printing.
A, the bend specimen to 3D printing carry out three-point bending test.
Whether B, the bending strength of analysis sample meet design requirement.
Required if C, sample mechanical property are met, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanical property is not
Meet and require, then branch lamps structure, and 4 ~ step 10 of repeat step as needed are changed according to the particular location of stress maximum, directly
All parts of 3D printing brace when requiring are met to sample mechanical property.
E, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing into complete brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 10 is that the Experiments of Machanics result according to step 9 is beaten to judge whether brace can carry out 3D
Print, or the position for being unsatisfactory for requiring to mechanical property are redesigned, analyzed and tested, until being carried out again after meeting requirement
3D printing.
Embodiments of the present invention are simultaneously not restricted to the described embodiments, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention
With the modification made under principle, replacement, combine, simplify, change the substitute mode that should be equivalent, be all contained in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (11)
1. the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
Step 1：The upper limbs of patient is scanned using Image Examinations such as CT, and exports scan data；
Step 2：The patient data that input step 1 is gathered in Medical Image Processing software, extracts Ipsilateral from finger to elbow joint
Skin data and strong side finger and the skin data of the back of the hand, the editor for carrying out skin of upper extremity threedimensional model and exports reconstruct
Threedimensional model afterwards；
Step 3：In reverse engineering software, the operation such as repaired, split to the threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2, by its point
It is segmented into forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts；
Step 4：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, using the threedimensional model of forearm part that is partitioned into step 3 as
The retained part of basic engineering brace；
Step 5：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, by the finger reconstructed in step 3 and the three-dimensional mould of skin of dorsum of hand
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on type；
Step 6：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement in anatomy to hand function digit, brace is designed
Wrist joint fixed part；
Step 7：In three-dimensional computer Autocad, the forearm for the brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6,
Finger and the back of the hand, three parts of wrist, form a complete brace threedimensional model；
Step 8：Numerical simulation analysis is carried out to the stressing conditions of brace in finite element analysis software；
Step 9：According to the analysis result of step 8, bend specimen is designed according to the architectural feature of stress maximum region, and use 3D
Printing type prepares designed sample；
Step 10：Three-point bending test is carried out to bend specimen, if sample mechanical property meet require if designed by 3D printing
Brace；If sample mechanical property can not meet requirement, 4 ~ step 10 of repeat step as the case may be is needed, weak part is changed
Structure, required until sample mechanical property is met, then the brace designed by 3D printing.
2. design and the preparation side of the customization stabilizing brace after being repaired according to a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand described in claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 1 will be selected when scanning the upper limbs of patient and is scanned less than 1mm thickness, and by scan data
It is output as the file of DICOM format.
3. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 2 comprises the following steps：
Step 21, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, select elbow to close during importing
Save to the CT scan layered image in the range of finger；
Step 22, the gray difference according to different tissues, extract skin layer data of the threshold range between -718 ~ -177；
Step 23, pass through masking-out editor and region growing, extract Ipsilateral finger to the skin data of elbow joint part build it is three-dimensional
Model；
Step 24, by masking-out editor and region growing, extract healthy side hand and refer to and build threedimensional model with the skin data of the back of the hand；
Step 25, healthy side hand is referred to mirror image operation is carried out by the plane of symmetry of sagittal plane with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand；
Step 26, the skin threedimensional model of the finger for being obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point and the back of the hand and Ipsilateral corresponding position
Threedimensional model aligns；
After step 27, alignment, the finger and the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand that are obtained with mirror image replace the three-dimensional of Ipsilateral corresponding position
Model, and merge processing with Ipsilateral forearm threedimensional model；
Step 28, the skin threedimensional model of merging is output as STL formatted files.
4. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 3 comprises the following steps：
Step 31, in reverse engineering software, the STL formatted files of the skin threedimensional model exported in steps for importing 28；
Step 32, the skin threedimensional model to importing carry out the diagnosis of tri patch, repair the defects such as hole, Self-crossover；
Step 33, the skin threedimensional model after reparation is split, intercepted out from elbow joint to ulna and radius lower end corresponding position
Forearm part, wrist joint part is intercepted out from bone lower end to metacarpal bone near-end corresponding position is scratched with chi, from metacarpal bone near-end to injured hand
Distal phalanx distal end corresponding position intercept out finger and hand back part；
Step 34, surface fittings are carried out to extract three parts respectively, be output as forearm, wrist, finger and three, the back of the hand
STEP formatted files.
5. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 4 comprises the following steps：
Step 41, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the STEP forms of the forearm part exported in steps for importing 34 text
Part；
Step 42, the threedimensional model to the forearm part of importing carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 43, the forearm threedimensional model progress subdivision to thickening, inner forearm fixed part is divided into from structure and is consolidated with outside
Determine part two parts；
Hinge and lock are designed at step 44, the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, obtains brace being fixed on forearm
Retained part；Inner forearm can be easy to be clamped on the forearm of patient with outside model using hinge as rotating shaft opening and closing.
6. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 5 comprises the following steps：
Step 51, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, import the finger that exports in step 3 and the STEP of hand back part
Formatted file；
Step 52, the requirement shaping-orientation line according to finger function position, the starting point of leading line are corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location, terminal
Middle phalanx proximal location with injured finger is corresponding, and the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line is 40
~ 70 degree；
Step 53, the metacarpal bone near-end of the STEP models imported in step 51, metacarpal bone distal end, the middle phalanx proximal end of injured finger
Cutting planes are set up, cutting planes are vertical with the leading line in step 52, three transversals are obtained after being cut to model；
Step 54, three transversals of acquisition are scanned by leading line, obtaining brace, to fix injured finger three-dimensional bent with the back of the hand
Surface model；
Step 55, thickening operation is carried out to scanning obtained three-dimensional surface model, thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 56, the threedimensional model obtained according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand to thickening enter edlin, and removing need not
Part；
Step 57, extract with the corresponding skin threedimensional model of injury finger, according to finger width by brace fixed finger part
Cross section Design is U-shaped, and the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction；
Step 58, the three-dimensional surface model to U-shaped section carry out thickening operation, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 59, the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part near-end design can realize the attachment structure of rotation, make brace
The part of fixed injury finger can adjust angle according to the need for rehabilitation training.
7. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 6 comprises the following steps：
Step 61, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, brace wrist joint is designed according to the requirement of anatomy function digit and bent
The leading line of bent position, makes wrist joint flexion angle scope be between 30 ~ 45 degree；
The brace that the distal sections curve and step 55 of the model on the outside of forearm that step 62, extraction step 43 are obtained are obtained is fixed
The proximal cross-section curve of finger and hand back part, is carried out scanning operation using the leading line described in step 61, obtains brace
Wrist joint fixed part.
8. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 7 comprises the following steps：
Step 71, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, be sequentially inserted into the brace obtained by step 44 and be fixed on forearm
The brace that the brace that the threedimensional model of Outboard Sections, step 62 are obtained fixes the threedimensional model of wrist joint part, step 56 is obtained
Boolean calculation, which is carried out, after the threedimensional model of fixed hand back part, alignment mating surface is merged into an entirety；
The branch that the brace that step 72, inserting step 44 are obtained is fixed on the threedimensional model of the inboard portion of forearm, step 59 is obtained
The threedimensional model of the fixed injured finger part of tool, the threedimensional model completed with step 71 is assembled, and obtains the overall dress of brace
With threedimensional model.
9. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that step 8 comprises the following steps：
Step 81, the brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in finite element analysis software in steps for importing 73；
Step 82, the brace threedimensional model to importing carry out mesh generation；
Step 83, brace threedimensional model imposed load and constraints to importing；
Step 84, the stressing conditions to the brace threedimensional model of importing are solved；
Step 85, output Finite element analysis results.
10. the design and system of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that step 9 comprises the following steps：
Step 91, the architectural feature according to stress maximum region in the analysis result extraction brace of step 85, design crooked experiment examination
Sample；
Step 92, the crooked experiment sample using 3D printing method making design, quantity are no less than 5, and each sample will be beaten simultaneously
Print；Sample material is PLA（PLA）.
11. the design and system of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Preparation Method, it is characterised in that step 10 comprises the following steps：
Step 101, the bend specimen to 3D printing carry out three-point bending test；
Whether step 102, the bending strength of analysis sample meet design requirement；
Required if step 103, sample mechanical property are met, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanical property
It is unsatisfactory for requiring, then branch lamps structure, and repeat step 4 ~ step as the case may be is changed according to the particular location of stress maximum
Rapid all parts that 3D printing brace after requirement is met up to sample mechanical property；
Step 104, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing into complete brace.
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