CN106976240B - A kind of flexor tendon injury in hand repair after customization stabilizing brace design and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of flexor tendon injury in hand repair after customization stabilizing brace design and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106976240B CN106976240B CN201710223062.2A CN201710223062A CN106976240B CN 106976240 B CN106976240 B CN 106976240B CN 201710223062 A CN201710223062 A CN 201710223062A CN 106976240 B CN106976240 B CN 106976240B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/0102—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations
- A61F5/0104—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation
- A61F5/0118—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. splints, casts or braces specially adapted for correcting deformities of the limbs or for supporting them; Ortheses, e.g. with articulations without articulation for the arms, hands or fingers
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Abstract
The design and preparation method of a kind of customization stabilizing brace after being repaired the invention proposes flexor tendon injury in hand, utilize the threedimensional model of CT scan data reconstruct Ipsilateral arm skin and the threedimensional model of healthy side hand portion skin, healthy side hand portion skin threedimensional model is subjected to mirror image by symmetrical plane of sagittal plane, the corresponding position of Ipsilateral is substituted with the skin threedimensional model that mirror image obtains, and is merged into new arm threedimensional model with Ipsilateral forearm；It is basic design customization stabilizing brace with combined threedimensional model, the finger part of brace is using rotation adjusted design, it can be achieved that routine adjustment and cooperation early functional exercise；Finite element analysis and experiment of machanics are carried out to brace, brace is made by 3D printing.Present invention design and the customization brace shape of preparation be accurate, convenient to wear, be bonded effect good, precision, processing efficiency, in terms of be better than tradition brace manufacture craft.
Description
Technical field
Invention is related to a kind of medical instruments field, and specially one kind is after flexor tendon injury in hand prosthesis, for solid
Determine the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace of hand.
Background technique
Mostly use gypsum that the hand of patient is fixed on function digit after flexor tendon injury in hand operation, gypsum poor air permeability is long
Phase fixed the problems such as may result in tendon and surrounding tissue adhesion and limited tendon sliding function.Brace is another for art
Fix the instrument of hand afterwards, but traditional brace be it is hand-made, production precision is decided by the technical level of producer, there is also
The problems such as volume is larger, the shape at shape and wearing mismatches, process is complex, airtight.
It is fixed existing insufficient for the fixed and traditional brace of gypsum, occur in recent years the designs of some new braces with
Preparation method.201010011458.9 disclose stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor digitorum muscle of hand key fracture restoration, in forearm, the back of the hand, hand
It is equipped with hinge axis between the parts such as finger joint to adjust the angle, is realized and is fixed by fixing belt and woollen goods hasp, it is postoperative to avoid finger
The drawbacks of being fixed on strength buckling position always, but increase since activity adjustment component results in brace volume more.
201410512835.5 disclose a kind of bone orthopedic brace shaping method based on 3-D scanning, are obtained by 3-D scanning technology
It obtains body surface data and carries out three-dimensional modeling, utilize X-ray to obtain bone information and correct threedimensional model, 3D printing technique is recycled to make
Orthopedic brace.This modeling pattern due to patient cannot the long period one static posture of holding, will lead to 3-D scanning
The splicing precision of curved surface is affected, and it is two dimensional image that X-ray, which obtains bone information, is had to the correction effect of threedimensional model
Limit.201510809152.0 disclosing a kind of 3D printing bone orthopedic brace preparation method based on medical image.This method is logical
Cross the surface model of the medical image data reconstruct brace zone of action, accuracy is higher, but be unsuitable for organized fracture, bleeding,
The postoperative stabilizing brace of the special circumstances such as swelling, fracture.
Existing technology do not disclose it is this kind of for flexor tendon injury in hand have rupture of tendon, bleeding, swelling even fracture
Etc. the affected part of special circumstances three-dimensional rebuilding method, do not disclose yet for functional position limitation brace design method,
The 3D printing production aspect of brace does not account for material, performance etc. yet, it is therefore necessary to be further improved.
Summary of the invention
Fixation for the design and technology of preparing for solving existing brace, after not being suitable for flexor tendon injury in hand prosthesis
Problem, the invention proposes one kind to pass through digital medical, CAD, reverse-engineering, finite element analysis, mechanics reality
Test, the technologies such as 3D printing combine, carry out that flexor tendon injury in hand customizes stabilizing brace designs and prepares method.The present invention
Thinking be Ipsilateral and strong side by CT scan patient arm, and using scan data reconstruct Ipsilateral arm three-dimensional mould
Type and healthy side hand refer to the threedimensional model with the back of the hand, and healthy side hand portion threedimensional model is carried out mirror image by symmetrical plane of sagittal plane,
The corresponding site of Ipsilateral injury hand is substituted with the threedimensional model that mirror image obtains, and is merged into new arm three-dimensional with Ipsilateral forearm
Model, then with combined threedimensional model be basic design customization stabilizing brace, it is limited to designed brace further progress
Meta analysis and experiment of machanics are made by 3D printing method after result to be designed meets mechanical property requirements and assemble brace.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of design of the customization stabilizing brace after flexor tendon injury in hand reparation
With preparation method, include the following steps.
Step 1: using the upper limb of the Image Examinations such as CT scanning patient, and exporting scan data.
Step 2: the patient data that input step 1 acquires in Medical Image Processing software extracts Ipsilateral from finger to elbow
The skin data of the finger and the back of the hand of the skin data in joint and strong side, carries out the editor of skin of upper extremity threedimensional model, and exports
Threedimensional model after reconstruct.
Step 3: in reverse engineering software, the operation such as repaired, divided to the threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2, it will
It is divided into forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts.
Step 4: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the three-dimensional mould for the forearm part being partitioned into step 3
The retained part of brace is designed based on type.
Step 5: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, by the three of the finger reconstructed in step 3 and skin of dorsum of hand
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on dimension module.
Step 6: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement in anatomy to hand function digit, design
The wrist joint fixed part of brace.
Step 7: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6
Three forearm, finger and the back of the hand, wrist parts form a complete brace threedimensional model.
Step 8: numerical simulation analysis being carried out to the stress condition of brace in finite element analysis software.
Step 9: according to the analysis of step 8 as a result, designing bend specimen according to the structure feature of stress maximum region, and adopt
With the designed sample of 3D printing method preparation.
Step 10: three-point bending test being carried out to bend specimen, if sample mechanical property is met the requirements set by 3D printing
The brace of meter.If sample mechanical property cannot be met the requirements, needs to repeat step 4~step 10 as the case may be, modify thin
The structure at weak position, until the mechanical property of sample meet the requirements after brace designed by 3D printing again.
Preferably, step 1 will select the thickness less than 1mm to be scanned when scanning the upper limb of patient, and will scan number
It is the file of DICOM format according to output.
Preferably, step 2 includes the following steps.
Step 21, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, when importing, select
CT scan layered image within the scope of elbow joint to finger.
Step 22, the gray difference according to different tissues extract skin layer data of the threshold range between -718~-177.
Step 23 passes through masking-out editor and region growing, the skin data building of extraction Ipsilateral finger to elbow joint part
Threedimensional model.
Step 24 passes through masking-out editor and region growing, and extraction healthy side hand refers to and the skin data of the back of the hand constructs three-dimensional mould
Type.
Step 25 refers to healthy side hand with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand using sagittal plane as plane of symmetry progress mirror image operation.
Step 26, the finger for being obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point and the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand corresponding portion with Ipsilateral
The threedimensional model alignment of position.
After step 27, alignment, the skin threedimensional model replacement Ipsilateral corresponding position of the finger and the back of the hand that are obtained with mirror image
Threedimensional model, and processing is merged with Ipsilateral forearm threedimensional model.
Step 28 exports combined skin threedimensional model for STL formatted file.
Preferably, step 3 includes the following steps.
Step 31, in reverse engineering software, the STL formatted file of the skin threedimensional model exported in steps for importing 28.
The defects of step 32, the diagnosis that tri patch is carried out to the skin threedimensional model of importing, reparation hole, Self-crossover.
Step 33 is split the skin threedimensional model after reparation, cuts from elbow joint to radioulnaris distalis corresponding position
Take out forearm part, intercept out wrist joint part from radioulnaris distalis to metacarpal bone proximal end corresponding position, from metacarpal bone proximal end to by
The distal phalanx distal end corresponding position for hurting hand intercepts out finger and hand back part.
Step 34 carries out surface fitting to three parts extracted in step 33 respectively, and output is forearm, wrist respectively
Three portion, finger and the back of the hand STEP formatted files.
Preferably, step 4 includes the following steps.
Step 41, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the STEP lattice of the forearm part exported in steps for importing 34
Formula file.
Step 42 carries out thickening operation to the threedimensional model of the forearm part of importing, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 43 carries out subdivision to the forearm threedimensional model that thickens, and inner forearm fixed part and outer is divided into from structure
Side fixed part two parts.
Hinge and lock are designed at step 44, the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, obtain brace being fixed on forearm
On retained part；Inner forearm and outside model can be using hinges as shaft opening and closing, before being clamped in patient
On arm.
Preferably, step 5 includes the following steps.
Step 51, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, import the finger that exports in step 34 and hand back part
STEP formatted file.
Step 52 designs leading line according to the requirement of finger function position, and the starting point of leading line is corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location,
Terminal is corresponding with the injured middle phalanx proximal location of finger, the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line
It is 40~70 degree.
Step 53, the metacarpal bone proximal end of the STEP model imported in step 51, metacarpal bone distal end, the middle phalanx of injured finger are close
Cutting planes are established at end, cutting planes are vertical with the leading line in step 52, and three transversals are obtained after cutting to model.
Step 54 is scanned three transversals of acquisition by leading line, obtains the fixed injured finger of brace and the back of the hand
Three-dimensional surface model.
Step 55 carries out thickening operation to the three-dimensional surface model scanned, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 56 edits the threedimensional model thickened according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand, and removal is not
The part needed.
Step 57, extract with the corresponding skin threedimensional model of injury finger, according to finger width by brace fixed finger portion
Point section be designed as U-shaped, the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction.
Step 58 carries out thickening operation to the three-dimensional surface model in U-shaped section, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
Step 59 designs the connection structure that rotation may be implemented in the proximal end of the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part, makes
The part of the fixed injured finger of brace can need to adjust angle according to rehabilitation training.
Preferably, step 6 includes the following steps.
Step 61, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement of anatomy function digit design brace wrist close
The leading line for saving flexion position is in wrist joint flexion angle range between 30~45 degree.
The brace that the distal sections curve and step 55 for the model on the outside of forearm that step 62, extraction step 43 obtain obtain
The proximal cross-section curve of fixed finger and hand back part carries out sweep operation using the leading line described in step 61, is propped up
The wrist joint fixed part of tool.
Preferably, step 7 includes the following steps.
Step 71, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, be sequentially inserted into before being fixed on by the brace that step 44 obtains
The threedimensional model of the fixed wrist joint part of the brace that the threedimensional model of the exterior portion of arm, step 62 obtain, step 56 obtain
The threedimensional model of the fixed hand back part of brace, progress Boolean calculation is merged into an entirety after being aligned mating surface.
The brace that step 72, inserting step 44 obtain is fixed on the threedimensional model of the inboard portion of forearm, step 59 obtains
The fixed injured finger part of brace threedimensional model, the threedimensional model completed with step 71 assembled, and the total of brace is obtained
Body assembles threedimensional model.
Step 73 adds air hole on the overall assembling threedimensional model of brace.
Preferably, step 8 includes the following steps.
Step 81, the brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in steps for importing 73 in finite element analysis software.
Step 82 carries out grid dividing to the brace threedimensional model of importing.
Step 83 applies load and constraint condition to the brace threedimensional model of importing.
Step 84 solves the stress condition of the brace threedimensional model of importing.
Step 85, output Finite element analysis results.
Preferably, step 9 includes the following steps.
Step 91, the structure feature that stress maximum region in brace is extracted according to the analysis result of step 85, design bending
Experimental sample.
Step 92, the crooked experiment sample designed using 3D printing method production, quantity are no less than 5, and each sample is same
When print；Sample material is PLA (polylactic acid).
Preferably, step 10 includes the following steps.
Step 101 carries out three-point bending test to the bend specimen of 3D printing.
Whether step 102, the bending strength for analyzing sample meet design requirement.
If step 103, sample mechanical property are met the requirements, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanics
Performance is unsatisfactory for requiring, then modifies branch lamps structure according to the specific location of stress maximum, and repeats step 4 as the case may be
~step 10, until sample mechanical property meets the requirements all parts of rear 3D printing brace.
Step 104, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing at complete brace.
The design and preparation method for implementing the customization stabilizing brace after flexor tendon injury in hand of the invention is repaired, just like
Lower beneficial effect.
1. the present invention is using the CT scan data of patient come design customization brace, patch accurate, convenient to wear with shape
The characteristics of closing good effect, good permeability；The finger part of brace is using can be rotated adjusted design, in the exception for limiting injured finger
, it can be achieved that routine adjustment and cooperation early functional exercise while movable.
2. the present invention using reconstruct patient be good for side finger and the back of the hand threedimensional model, by mirror-image fashion replace Ipsilateral by
Traumatic part position, can be to avoid deviation caused by the CT scan data design brace directly with affected part.
3. the PLA material that the present invention uses is a kind of biodegradation material, good biocompatibility；And brace is in rehabilitation
After be easily processed, do not pollute the environment.
4. the present invention makes brace using 3D printing method, the brace threedimensional model of design is directly inputted into 3D printer
Afterwards, simply setting technological parameter can make, brace precision, processing efficiency, in terms of better than tradition
Brace manufacture craft.
5. the present invention carries out mechanics property analysis to brace using the method that limited element analysis technique is combined with experiment of machanics,
It can effectively guarantee that the mechanical property of brace meets the requirement of safe handling.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing 1 show flow chart of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to examples and drawings, the present invention is described in further detail, but specific embodiment party of the invention
Formula is not limited to this.
The present invention reconstructs Ipsilateral elbow joint to hand by the Ipsilateral of CT scan patient and the arm of strong side, using scan data
The skin threedimensional model and healthy side hand of finger refer to the skin threedimensional model with hand back part, by healthy side hand portion skin threedimensional model with
Sagittal plane is that symmetrical plane carries out mirror image processing.With the finger and the back of the hand of the skin threedimensional model substitution Ipsilateral injury that mirror image obtains
Partial skin threedimensional model, and it is merged into new arm skin threedimensional model with Ipsilateral forearm, it is with combined threedimensional model
Basic engineering customizes stabilizing brace, carries out finite element analysis and three-point bending test, result to be designed to designed brace
After meeting mechanical property requirements, is made by 3D printing method and assemble brace.Process such as attached drawing 1, specifically comprises the following steps.
Step 1: using the upper limb of the Image Examinations such as CT scanning patient, sweep span is less than 1mm, and will scan number
DICOM format exports accordingly.
Step 2: the patient data collected of input step 1 in Medical Image Processing software, extract Ipsilateral from finger to
The skin data of the finger and the back of the hand of the skin data of elbow joint and strong side, carry out ipsilateral upper limb skin threedimensional model editor with
Reconstruct, it is specific as follows.
A, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, when importing, select elbow joint
CT scan layered image within the scope of to finger.
B, skin layer is extracted according to the gray difference of different tissues；The threshold range of skin between -718~-177, due to
The effect of CT scan is variant, need according to be adjusted in the range the case where data selection effect optimum value.
C, by masking-out editor, region growing, the skin data for extracting Ipsilateral finger to elbow joint part constructs three-dimensional mould
Type.
D, by masking-out editor, region growing, the strong skin data building threedimensional model for surveying finger and the back of the hand is extracted.
E, healthy side hand is referred to and carries out mirror image operation by the plane of symmetry of sagittal plane with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand.
F, the skin threedimensional model for the finger and the back of the hand for being obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point and Ipsilateral corresponding position
Threedimensional model alignment.
G, the threedimensional model of the skin threedimensional model replacement Ipsilateral corresponding position obtained after alignment with mirror image.
H, the skin threedimensional model for completing replacement is merged, and exporting is STL formatted file.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 2 be broken in a organized way due to the injury of Ipsilateral hand, bleeding, swelling even fracture etc. feelings
Condition, if directly carrying out three-dimensionalreconstruction using the CT scan data of injured hand, it will cause the appearance of the threedimensional model of reconstruct is very big
Dimensional discrepancy.Therefore, symmetry, similitude, successional is had the characteristics that according to human body, it is complete with strong side by mirror-image fashion
The three-dimensional data of finger and the back of the hand replaces the three-dimensional data of Ipsilateral hand injury, can be avoided and is directly swept with the CT in affected part
Retouch data reconstruction threedimensional model and caused by deviation.
Step 3: in reverse engineering software, the behaviour such as being repaired, divided to the skin threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2
Make, is divided into forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts.It is specific as follows.
A, the STL formatted file of skin threedimensional model is exported in steps for importing 2.
B, the defects of carrying out the diagnosis of tri patch to the skin threedimensional model of importing, repairing hole, Self-crossover.
C, the skin threedimensional model after reparation is split, before being intercepted out with elbow joint to radioulnaris distalis corresponding position
Arm section intercepts out wrist joint part from radioulnaris distalis to metacarpal bone proximal end corresponding position, from metacarpal bone proximal end to injured hand
Distal phalanx distal end corresponding position intercepts out finger and hand back part.
D, surface fitting is carried out to three parts extracted respectively, exported as forearm, wrist, finger and three, the back of the hand
STEP formatted file.
Step 4: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the three-dimensional mould for the forearm part being partitioned into step 3
The retained part of brace is designed based on type.It is specific as follows.
A, the STEP formatted file of the forearm part exported in steps for importing 3.
B, thickening operation is carried out to the threedimensional model of the forearm part of importing, thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
C, subdivision is carried out to the forearm threedimensional model thickened, inner forearm fixed part is divided into from structure and is fixed with outside
Part two parts.
D, hinge and lock are designed at the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, obtain the folder being fixed on brace on forearm
Hold part；Inner forearm and outside model can be using hinges as shaft opening and closing, convenient for being clamped on the forearm of patient.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 4 is according to the threedimensional model of the skin layer for the forearm for extracting patient's wearing brace, and design will
Brace is fixed on the retained part of Ipsilateral forearm, the inner forearm and outside model of this part can be using hinge shaft open and
It is closed, on the forearm convenient for brace being clamped and being fixed on Ipsilateral.
Step 5: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, with the skin three of the finger and the back of the hand that reconstruct in step 3
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on dimension module, it is specific as follows.
A, the STEP formatted file of the finger exported in step 3 and hand back part is imported.
B, leading line is designed according to the requirement of finger function position, the starting point of leading line is corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location, terminal
Corresponding with the middle phalanx proximal location of injured finger, the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line is 40
~70 degree.
C, it is cut in the STEP model of importing and the middle phalanx proximal end foundation of metacarpal bone proximal end, metacarpal bone distal end, injured finger
Cutting plane, cutting planes are vertical with leading line, and three transversals are obtained after cutting to model.
F, thickening operation is carried out to the three-dimensional surface model scanned, thickness is preset as 2.5mm.
G, the threedimensional model thickened is edited according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand, removal does not need
Part.
H, extraction skin threedimensional model corresponding with injured finger, according to finger width cutting brace fixed finger part
Face is designed as U-shaped, and the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction.
I, thickening operation is carried out to the three-dimensional surface model in U-shaped section, thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
J, the connection structure that rotation may be implemented in the proximal end design of the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part, makes brace
The part of fixed injury finger can need to adjust angle according to rehabilitation training.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 5 is the skin threedimensional model of the finger and the back of the hand according to reconstruct, is designed in brace for solid
Determine the back of the hand with injured finger is corresponding rotatably adjusts part；It can be realized while limiting injured finger abnormal movement
Routine adjustment and cooperation early functional exercise.
Step 6: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, requirement according to anatomy to hand function digit, design branch
The wrist joint fixed part of tool, it is specific as follows.
A, according to the requirement of anatomy function digit, brace wrist joint is designed in the leading line of flexion position, makes wrist joint
Flexion angle range is between 30~45 degree.
B, the distal sections curve and step 5 of the threedimensional model on the outside of the fixed forearm of the brace that extraction step 4 obtains obtain
Brace fixed finger and hand back part proximal cross-section curve, scanned using established leading line in the A of this step
Operation, obtains the wrist joint fixed part of brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 6 is the wrist joint fixed part that brace is designed according to the requirement of anatomy function digit；Due to
The hand of patient can not be made to be maintained at correct function digit in CT scan, so needing the function digit angle according to anatomical requirements
It designs the wrist joint fixed part of brace, and makes the part on the outside of itself and brace clamping forearm and the part light of fixed the back of the hand
Slip.
Step 7: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6
Three forearm, finger and the back of the hand, wrist parts form a complete brace threedimensional model, specific as follows.
A, it in three-dimensional computer Autocad, is sequentially inserted by the outside of the obtained fixed forearm of brace of step 4D
The brace that threedimensional model, the step 5G of the fixed wrist joint part of the brace that partial threedimensional model, step 6B are obtained are obtained is fixed
The threedimensional model of hand back part, progress Boolean calculation is merged into an entirety after being aligned mating surface.
B, the brace that threedimensional model, the step 5J of the inboard portion of the fixed forearm of the brace that inserting step 4D is obtained are obtained is solid
The threedimensional model of fixed injury finger part, is assembled with the step 7A threedimensional model completed, obtains the overall assembling three of brace
Dimension module.
C, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, air hole is added on the overall assembling threedimensional model of brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 7 is that each component part for the brace that each step in front is completed is merged into an entirety.
Step 8: numerical simulation analysis being carried out to the stress condition of brace in finite element analysis software.It is specific as follows.
A, brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in steps for importing 7.
B, grid dividing is carried out to the brace threedimensional model of importing.
C, load and constraint condition are applied to the brace threedimensional model of importing.
D, the stress condition of the brace threedimensional model of importing is solved.
E, Finite element analysis results are exported.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 8 is to be analyzed by way of Computer Numerical Simulation the mechanical property of brace, is passed through
The deformation and stress distribution situation of brace under external force are analyzed, determines the maximum region of stress in brace.
Step 9: according to the analysis of step 8 as a result, designing bend specimen according to the structure feature of stress maximum region, and adopt
It is specific as follows with the designed sample of 3D printing method preparation.
A, the structure feature that stress maximum region in brace is extracted according to the analysis result of step 8, according to three-point bending reality
The standard design crooked experiment sample tested.
B, using the crooked experiment sample of 3D printing method production design, quantity is no less than 5, and each sample will be beaten simultaneously
Print；Sample material is PLA (polylactic acid).
The effect of above-mentioned steps 9 is the Finite element analysis results according to step 8, further real by the mechanics of three-point bending
Proved recipe method examines the safety of branch lamps structure.
Step 10: three-point bending test being carried out to bend specimen, if sample mechanical property is met the requirements, set by 3D printing
The brace of meter.If sample mechanical property cannot be met the requirements, need to repeat step 4~step 10 as the case may be, modification branch
Has corresponding structure, until sample mechanical property is met the requirements, then brace designed by 3D printing.
A, three-point bending test is carried out to the bend specimen of 3D printing.
B, whether the bending strength for analyzing sample meets design requirement.
If C, sample mechanical property is met the requirements, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanical property is not
It meets the requirements, then branch lamps structure is modified according to the specific location of stress maximum, and repeat step 4~step 10 as needed,
All parts of 3D printing brace when sample mechanical property is met the requirements.
E, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing at complete brace.
The effect of above-mentioned steps 10 is to determine whether brace can carry out 3D and beat according to the experiment of machanics result of step 9
Print, or the position for being unsatisfactory for requiring to mechanical property are redesigned, analyzed and are tested, until carrying out again after meeting the requirements
3D printing.
Embodiment of the present invention are not limited by the above embodiments, other are any without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention
It modifies, substitute, combine, simplify, change the substitute mode that should be equivalent with made under principle, be all contained in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. the design and preparation method of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation, it is characterised in that including
Following steps:
Step 1: using the upper limb of CT images inspection method scanning patient, and exporting scan data；
Step 2: the patient data that input step 1 acquires in Medical Image Processing software extracts Ipsilateral from finger to elbow joint
Skin data and strong side finger and the back of the hand skin data, carry out the editor of skin of upper extremity threedimensional model, and export reconstruct
Threedimensional model afterwards；
Step 3: in reverse engineering software, the threedimensional model reconstructed in step 2 being repaired, cutting operation, divided
For forearm, wrist, finger and the back of the hand three parts；
Step 4: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the threedimensional model with the forearm part being partitioned into step 3 is
The retained part of basic engineering brace；
Step 5: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, by the three-dimensional mould of the finger reconstructed in step 3 and skin of dorsum of hand
The finger fixed part of brace is designed based on type；
Step 6: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement in anatomy to hand function digit, designing brace
Wrist joint fixed part；
Step 7: in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the forearm for the brace that split is completed by step 4, step 5, step 6,
Finger and three the back of the hand, wrist parts form a complete brace threedimensional model；
Step 8: numerical simulation analysis being carried out to the stress condition of brace in finite element analysis software；
Step 9: according to the analysis of step 8 as a result, designing bend specimen according to the structure feature of stress maximum region, and use 3D
The designed sample of printing type preparation；
Step 10: three-point bending test being carried out to bend specimen, if sample mechanical property is met the requirements designed by 3D printing
Brace；If sample mechanical property cannot be met the requirements, needs to repeat step 4~step 10 as the case may be, modify weak point
The structure of position, until sample mechanical property is met the requirements, then brace designed by 3D printing；
Step 2 includes the following steps:
Step 21, the DICOM format file that steps for importing 1 is exported in Medical Image Processing software, selection elbow closes when importing
It saves to the CT scan layered image within the scope of finger；
Step 22, the gray difference according to different tissues extract skin layer data of the threshold range between -718~-177；
Step 23 passes through masking-out editor and region growing, the skin data building three-dimensional of extraction Ipsilateral finger to elbow joint part
Model；
Step 24 passes through masking-out editor and region growing, and extraction healthy side hand refers to and the skin data of the back of the hand constructs threedimensional model；
Step 25 refers to healthy side hand with the skin threedimensional model of the back of the hand using sagittal plane as plane of symmetry progress mirror image operation；
The skin threedimensional model and Ipsilateral corresponding position of step 26, the finger and the back of the hand that are obtained mirror image according to anatomical features point
Threedimensional model alignment；
After step 27, alignment, the three-dimensional of the skin threedimensional model replacement Ipsilateral corresponding position of the finger and the back of the hand that are obtained with mirror image
Model, and processing is merged with Ipsilateral forearm threedimensional model；
Step 28 exports combined skin threedimensional model for STL formatted file.
2. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 1 will select the thickness less than 1mm to be scanned when scanning the upper limb of patient, and will scan number
It is the file of DICOM format according to output.
3. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 3 includes the following steps:
Step 31, in reverse engineering software, the STL formatted file of the skin threedimensional model exported in steps for importing 28；
Step 32, the diagnosis that tri patch is carried out to the skin threedimensional model of importing, repair hole, Self-crossover defect；
Step 33 is split the skin threedimensional model after reparation, intercepts out from elbow joint to ulna and radius lower end corresponding position
Forearm part intercepts out wrist joint part from ulna and radius lower end to metacarpal bone proximal end corresponding position, from metacarpal bone proximal end to injured hand
Distal phalanx distal end corresponding position intercept out finger and hand back part；
Step 34 carries out surface fitting to three parts extracted respectively, exports as forearm, wrist, finger and three, the back of the hand
STEP formatted file.
4. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 4 includes the following steps:
Step 41, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, the STEP format text of the forearm part that is exported in steps for importing 34
Part；
Step 42 carries out thickening operation to the threedimensional model of the forearm part of importing, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 43 carries out subdivision to the forearm threedimensional model thickened, and inner forearm fixed part is divided into from structure and outside is solid
Determine part two parts；
Hinge and lock are designed at step 44, the threedimensional model faying face after subdivision, obtain for brace being fixed on forearm
Retained part；Inner forearm and outside model can be using hinges as shaft opening and closing, convenient for being clamped on the forearm of patient.
5. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 5 includes the following steps:
Step 51, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, import the finger exported in step 3 and hand back part STEP
Formatted file；
Step 52 designs leading line according to the requirement of finger function position, and the starting point of leading line is corresponding with metacarpal bone proximal location, terminal
Corresponding with the middle phalanx proximal location of injured finger, the angular range of the function digit of the corresponding metacarpophalangeal joint of leading line is 40
~70 degree；
Step 53, the metacarpal bone proximal end of the STEP model imported in step 51, metacarpal bone distal end, injured finger middle phalanx proximal end
Cutting planes are established, cutting planes are vertical with the leading line in step 52, and three transversals are obtained after cutting to model；
Step 54 is scanned three transversals of acquisition by leading line, obtains the fixed injured finger of brace and the back of the hand is three-dimensional bent
Surface model；
Step 55 carries out thickening operation to the three-dimensional surface model scanned, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 56 edits the threedimensional model thickened according to the width of injured finger position, the back of the hand, and removal does not need
Part；
Step 57, extract with the corresponding skin threedimensional model of injury finger, according to finger width by brace fixed finger part
Section is designed as U-shaped, and the opening of U-shaped is towards volar direction；
Step 58 carries out thickening operation to the three-dimensional surface model in U-shaped section, and thickness is preset as 2.5mm；
Step 59 designs the connection structure that rotation may be implemented in the proximal end of the corresponding injured finger of U-shaped fixed part, makes brace
The part of fixed injury finger can need to adjust angle according to rehabilitation training.
6. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 6 includes the following steps:
Step 61, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, according to the requirement of anatomy function digit design brace wrist joint bend
The leading line of bent position is in wrist joint flexion angle range between 30~45 degree；
The brace that the distal sections curve and step 55 of the model on the outside of forearm that step 62, extraction step 43 obtain obtain is fixed
The proximal cross-section curve of finger and hand back part carries out sweep operation using the leading line described in step 61, obtains brace
Wrist joint fixed part.
7. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 7 includes the following steps:
Step 71, in three-dimensional computer Autocad, be sequentially inserted into and forearm be fixed on by the brace that step 44 obtains
The brace that the threedimensional model of the fixed wrist joint part of the brace that the threedimensional model of exterior portion, step 62 obtain, step 56 obtain
The threedimensional model of fixed hand back part, progress Boolean calculation is merged into an entirety after being aligned mating surface；
The branch that the brace that step 72, inserting step 44 obtain is fixed on the threedimensional model of the inboard portion of forearm, step 59 obtains
The threedimensional model of the fixed injured finger part of tool, the threedimensional model completed with step 71 are assembled, and the overall dress of brace is obtained
With threedimensional model.
8. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 8 includes the following steps:
Step 81, the brace overall assembling threedimensional model obtained in steps for importing 72 in finite element analysis software；
Step 82 carries out grid dividing to the brace threedimensional model of importing；
Step 83 applies load and constraint condition to the brace threedimensional model of importing；
Step 84 solves the stress condition of the brace threedimensional model of importing；
Step 85, output Finite element analysis results.
9. the design and preparation of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Method, which is characterized in that step 9 includes the following steps:
Step 91, the structure feature that stress maximum region in brace is extracted according to the analysis result of step 85, design crooked experiment examination
Sample；
Step 92, the crooked experiment sample designed using 3D printing method production, quantity are no less than 5, and each sample will be beaten simultaneously
Print；Sample material is PLA (polylactic acid).
10. the design and system of the customization stabilizing brace after a kind of flexor tendon injury in hand reparation according to claim 1
Preparation Method, which is characterized in that step 10 includes the following steps:
Step 101 carries out three-point bending test to the bend specimen of 3D printing；
Whether step 102, the bending strength for analyzing sample meet design requirement；
If step 103, sample mechanical property are met the requirements, pass through all parts of 3D printing brace；If sample mechanical property
It is unsatisfactory for requiring, then branch lamps structure is modified according to the specific location of stress maximum, and repeat step 4~step as the case may be
Rapid 10 until sample mechanical property meets the requirements all parts of rear 3D printing brace；
Step 104, by the brace component assembly of 3D printing at complete brace.
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| CN107260385A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2017-10-20 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of foot's clamping plate protector and preparation method thereof |
| CN108056850B (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-08-17 | 中山大学附属第一医院 | Method for manufacturing personalized protective brace for forearm of child |
| CN108491659A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-04 | 广东医科大学附属医院 | The light weight method of 3D printing personalization External distraction appliance based on topological optimization |
| CN108478317B (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2023-12-05 | 影为医疗科技(上海)有限公司 | Individualized elbow joint brace and construction method thereof |
| US11259810B2 (en) | 2018-06-18 | 2022-03-01 | Xiros Limited | Device, assembly and method for use in tendon repair |
| CN109350855A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-02-19 | 重庆科技学院 | A kind of wearable lap anchor based on carbon fiber preparation |
| CN110464525A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-11-19 | 上海万巧科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing skeletal fixation bracket preparation method based on medical image |
| CN111265355B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2022-03-25 | 东莞市虎门医院 | Preparation method of customized 3D printing breathable forearm fixing brace |
| CN113779715B (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2023-06-27 | 汕头大学 | Design method of light mechanical exoskeleton |
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