CN111265217A - Gas off-line sampling device, expired gas acquisition system and expired gas NO detection system - Google Patents
Gas off-line sampling device, expired gas acquisition system and expired gas NO detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111265217A CN111265217A CN201811380165.0A CN201811380165A CN111265217A CN 111265217 A CN111265217 A CN 111265217A CN 201811380165 A CN201811380165 A CN 201811380165A CN 111265217 A CN111265217 A CN 111265217A
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Detecting, measuring or recording devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/082—Evaluation by breath analysis, e.g. determination of the chemical composition of exhaled breath
Abstract
The invention provides a gas off-line sampling device which comprises a gas collecting pipe, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe are communicated with the gas collecting pipe; the first one-way valve can allow gas to enter the gas collecting pipe through the gas inlet pipe, and the second one-way valve can allow gas in the gas collecting pipe to be discharged through the gas outlet pipe. The invention also provides an expired gas acquisition system and an expired NO detection system comprising the gas offline sampling device. The gas off-line sampling device provided by the invention has a simple structure, is not easy to mix interference gas in the gas collection process, can be used for off-line gas collection, is suitable for off-line gas detection, and enlarges the application range of gas detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of exhaled gas analysis, in particular to a gas offline sampling device, an exhaled gas collecting system and an exhaled NO detection system.
Background
Exhaled NO is produced by airway cells, the concentration of which is highly correlated with the number of inflammatory cells, and the determination of exhaled NO is currently widely used in the diagnosis and monitoring of respiratory diseases as a biomarker of airway inflammation. The recommended standards for Exhaled NO detection were established in 1997 and 1999 in Europe and the United states, respectively, and published in 2005 in a combined fashion ("ATR/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and offline Measurement of Exhaled Low Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitricoxide, 2005 ", ATS for American society of laryngopharynx, ERC for European society of respiration, hereinafter" Standard ", which is used to guide how to perform detection and to use the detection results in diagnosis and evaluation of therapeutic effects of respiratory diseases such as asthma. Due to the accuracy issues of NO detection sensors, the amount of exhaled gas generally needs to meet certain requirements during exhaled NO detection. To ensure the accuracy of the assay, the Standard recommends that the exhaled NO measurement must be at 5cm H2O column to 20cm H2Exhalation was performed at an exhalation pressure of the O-column at a flow rate of 45mL/s to 55mL/s (50 mL/s. + -. 10%).
At present, the exhaled NO detection system on the market mostly adopts an online detection mode, but is difficult to exhale NO detection in a place far away from a detection instrument, and in addition, online detection is difficult to sample exhaled gas of multiple people simultaneously, so that the detection efficiency is low. CN203539351U discloses an off-line breath sampling tube, which collects the expired air in a sampling air bag by providing a sampling air path and an evacuation air path. However, the sampling tube has a complex structure, high cost and complicated operation steps, and easily causes pollution to collected exhaled air.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a gas offline sampling device, an expired gas acquisition system and an expired gas NO detection system, which are used for solving the problem that the existing expired gas offline sampling device is complex in structure and operation steps.
The invention aims to provide a gas off-line sampling device which comprises a gas collecting pipe, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe are communicated with the gas collecting pipe; the first one-way valve can allow gas to enter the gas collecting pipe through the gas inlet pipe, and the second one-way valve can allow gas in the gas collecting pipe to be discharged through the gas outlet pipe.
Further, the gas collection tube has an aspect ratio equivalent of between 50 and 55.
The second purpose of the present invention is to provide an exhaled air collecting system, which includes any one of the above described gas offline sampling devices and an exhaled air path, wherein the exhaled air path has a breath inlet end and a gas collecting end, and the gas collecting end is detachably communicated with an air inlet pipe of the gas offline sampling device, so that the gas offline sampling device collects exhaled air flowing from the breath inlet end; still be equipped with first pressure sensor and first flow control valve in the expiration gas circuit, first pressure sensor is arranged in gathering the fluid pressure in the gas circuit of breathing, first flow control valve is used for adjusting the expired gas flow who flows from the gas acquisition end.
Furthermore, the expiration gas circuit also comprises a first filtering unit and a third one-way valve, wherein the first filtering unit is arranged between the respiration inlet end and the gas collection end and is used for filtering impurities in the expiration gas; the third one-way valve is arranged between the first filtering unit and the gas collection end and can allow the exhaled gas to flow from the breathing inlet end to the gas collection end.
Furthermore, the acquisition system also comprises a second filtering unit, a fourth one-way valve and a fifth one-way valve, wherein the second filtering unit is used for filtering NO, and the breathing inlet end is communicated with the atmosphere through the second filtering unit to form an inspiration air path; the fourth one-way valve is connected between the second filtering unit and the expiration air passage, and the fifth one-way valve is connected between the second filtering unit and the atmosphere; the fourth one-way valve and the fifth one-way valve may allow air to flow in the direction of the respiratory inlet port.
The invention also provides an exhaled NO detection system, which comprises any one of the gas offline sampling devices and a detection gas path, wherein the inlet end of the detection gas path is detachably connected with the gas outlet pipe of the gas offline sampling device, a NO sensor, a first power unit and a second flow regulating valve are arranged in the detection gas path, and the NO sensor is used for detecting the amount of NO in exhaled gas; the first power unit is used for continuously conveying the exhaled gas to the NO sensor; and the second flow regulation is used for regulating the flow of the exhaled gas in the detection gas path.
Furthermore, the detection system further comprises a second pressure sensor, a flow sensor and a second microprocessor, wherein the second pressure sensor is used for collecting pressure data in the detection gas path, and the flow sensor is used for collecting flow data in the detection gas path; the second microprocessor is respectively connected with the second pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the second flow regulating valve, and is used for receiving pressure data acquired by the second pressure sensor and flow data acquired by the flow sensor and regulating the second flow regulating valve according to the pressure data and the flow data.
Furthermore, the detection system also comprises a buffer cavity, a second power unit, a third filtering unit and a two-position three-way valve, wherein the buffer cavity is arranged between the inlet end of the detection gas path and the first power unit; the second power unit is used for conveying the gas in the detection gas path to the atmosphere; the third filtering unit is used for filtering NO; the inlet end of the two-position three-way valve can be switched to be communicated with the inlet end of the detection gas path or communicated with the atmosphere through the third filtering unit, and the outlet end of the two-position three-way valve is communicated with the first power unit.
Further, the second microprocessor is respectively connected with the first power unit, the second power unit, the two-position three-way valve and the NO sensor, and is used for controlling the opening of the first power unit, the opening of the second power unit, the connection position of the inlet end of the two-position three-way valve and receiving the detection result of the NO sensor
Further, the breath NO detection system comprises an adult breath NO detection system and a child breath NO detection system, wherein in the adult breath NO detection system, the gas storage volume of the gas collection tube is between 20mL and 190mL, and the delivery rate of the expired gas is between 0.5mL/s and 4.75 mL/s; in the children expiration NO detection system, the gas storage volume of the gas collection pipe is between 20mL and 132mL, and the delivery rate of the expired gas is between 0.5mL/s and 3.3 mL/s.
The gas sampling device provided by the invention has a simple structure, is not easy to mix interference gas in the gas collection process, can be used for collecting gas off line, is suitable for off-line detection of gas, and enlarges the application range of gas detection; the exhaled gas collection system provided by the invention can replace different gas offline sampling devices, so that the collection cost of exhaled gas is reduced; the breath NO detection device greatly improves the detection efficiency of breath NO.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a gas off-line collecting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram showing the construction of an exhaled breath collecting system in the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the construction of an expiratory NO detection system in a third embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. In this specification, the pressure is a gauge pressure.
Referring to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the present invention provides an off-line gas sampling device, which includes a gas collection tube 1, and a gas inlet tube and a gas outlet tube communicated with the gas collection tube 1, wherein the gas inlet tube and the gas outlet tube are respectively connected to two ends of the gas collection tube 1, the gas inlet tube is provided with a first check valve 2, and the gas outlet tube is provided with a second check valve 3; the first one-way valve 2 can allow gas to enter the gas collecting pipe 1 through a gas inlet pipe, and the second one-way valve 3 can allow gas in the gas collecting pipe 1 to be discharged through a gas outlet pipe.
The gas sampling device provided by the embodiment has a simple structure, can be used for collecting gas off line, is suitable for off-line detection of gas, and enlarges the application range of gas detection.
It should be noted that the equivalent length-to-diameter ratio of the gas sampling tube 1 is 10 to 250. Preferably 50 to 55. In the gas collection process, when the length-diameter ratio equivalent is larger than 50, the gas sampling pipe can be used as a piston flow container, gas flows into the gas sampling pipe from the gas inlet pipe and then is aligned in the flow direction, and axial mixing and diffusion are completely avoided, so that interference gas in the gas sampling pipe can be pushed out from the gas outlet pipe, and the interference gas is prevented from being mixed in collected exhaled gas; when stopping gaseous collection, first check valve and second check valve close, gather gaseous storage in gaseous sampling pipe. In addition, in order to avoid the overlarge structure of the gas offline sampling device, the equivalent of the long diameter is preferably less than 55, and the installation and the transportation of the gas offline sampling device are facilitated.
Further, the radial interface of the gas collection tube 1 is circular. The scheme ensures that the off-line sampling device has a more compact structure and is more favorable for installation and transportation.
Referring to fig. 2, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an expired gas collection system, including the offline gas sampling device provided in the first embodiment, and further including an expired gas path, where the expired gas path has a breath inlet end 4 and a gas collection end, and the gas collection end is detachably communicated with a gas inlet pipe of the offline gas sampling device, so that the offline gas sampling device collects expired gas flowing from the breath inlet end 4.
The expired gas collection system provided by the embodiment can replace different gas off-line sampling devices, thereby reducing the collection cost of the expired gas and expanding the application range of the expired gas collection system.
Further, a first pressure sensor 7 and a first flow control valve 8 are further arranged in the expiration gas circuit, the first pressure sensor 7 is used for collecting fluid pressure in the respiration gas circuit, and the first flow control valve 8 is used for adjusting the flow of expired gas flowing out of the gas collection end.
Further, the acquisition system further includes a first microprocessor (not shown in the figure), and the first microprocessor is respectively connected to the first pressure sensor 7 and the first flow control valve 8, and is configured to receive pressure data acquired by the first pressure sensor 7 and control the first flow control valve 8 according to the pressure data. The scheme can control the flow according to the expiratory pressure, so that the exhaled gas is more accurately collected.
Further, expiration gas circuit still includes first filter unit 5, first filter unit 5 is located between breathing entry end 4 and the gaseous collection end for filter the impurity in the expired gas. This scheme can effectively reduce the impurity in the expired gas to make the expired gas that gets into among the gaseous off-line sampling device pollute for a short time, be favorable to improving the accuracy that follow-up expired gas detected.
Further, the expiratory air passage further comprises a third one-way valve 6, wherein the third one-way valve 6 is arranged between the first filter unit 5 and the gas collection end, and can allow the expiratory air to flow from the respiration inlet end 4 to the gas collection end. The collection system that this scheme provided can prevent the air from gathering the end and getting into first filter unit from gaseous after gaseous off-line sampling device dismantles to first filter unit's life has been prolonged.
Further, the collection system further comprises a second filtration unit 10, the second filtration unit 10 being configured to filter NO; the respiratory inlet end 4 is communicated with the atmosphere through a second filtering unit 10 to form an inspiration air path. Collecting the expired gas through the collection system that this scheme provided, being applicable to the follow-up NO detection that exhales, the user breathes in from breathing the entry end, and it is internal that the air filters the NO back entering user through second filter unit to NO is to exhaling the interference of NO detection result in the air can be reduced.
Further, the acquisition system further comprises a fourth one-way valve 9 and a fifth one-way valve 11, wherein the fourth one-way valve 9 is connected between the second filtering unit 10 and the expiration air passage, and the fifth one-way valve 11 is connected between the second filtering unit 10 and the atmosphere; fourth check valve 10 and fifth check valve 11 may allow air to flow in the direction of respiratory inlet end 4. Through setting up fourth check valve and fifth check valve, can avoid air or exhale gas to get into second filter unit at the time of non-inhaling to the life of second filter unit has been prolonged.
Referring to fig. 3, a third embodiment of the present invention provides an expiratory NO detection system, including the gas offline sampling device provided in the first embodiment, and further including a detection gas path, an inlet end of the detection gas path is detachably connected to an outlet pipe of the gas offline sampling device, a NO sensor 21, a first power unit 20, and a second flow regulating valve 14 are disposed in the detection gas path, and the NO sensor 21 is configured to detect an amount of NO in the expiratory gas; the first power unit 20 is used to continuously deliver exhaled gas to the NO sensor 21; the second flow regulating valve 14 is used for regulating the flow of the exhaled gas in the detection gas path.
The expiration NO detection system provided by the scheme can be used for carrying out off-line detection on expired gas, so that the expiration NO detection efficiency is improved, and the application range of the detection system is expanded.
Further, the detection system further comprises a second pressure sensor 12, a flow sensor 13 and a second microprocessor 22, wherein the second pressure sensor 12 is used for acquiring pressure data in the detection gas path, and the flow sensor 13 is used for acquiring flow data in the detection gas path; the second microprocessor 22 is connected to the second pressure sensor 12, the flow sensor 13 and the second flow regulating valve 14, and is configured to receive the pressure data collected by the second pressure sensor 12 and the flow data collected by the flow sensor 13, and regulate the second flow regulating valve 14 according to the pressure data and the flow data.
Further, the detection system further comprises a buffer cavity 15 and a second power unit 16, wherein the buffer cavity 15 is arranged between the inlet end of the detection gas path and the first power unit 20, and the second power unit 16 is used for conveying the gas in the detection gas path to the atmosphere. The second power unit 16 is started before the first power unit 20 continuously delivers the exhaled air, so that the interference air in the detection air passage can be discharged, and the exhaled NO detection result is more accurate.
Further, the first power unit 20 and the second power unit 16 are air pumps.
Further, the detection system further comprises a two-position three-way valve 17 and a third filtering unit 18, wherein the third filtering unit 18 is used for filtering NO; the inlet end of the two-position three-way valve 17 can be switched to be communicated with the inlet end of the detection gas path or communicated with the atmosphere through the third filtering unit 18, and the outlet end of the two-position three-way valve is communicated with the first power unit 20. The detection of expiratory NO can be corrected by providing a two-position three-way valve 17 and a third filter unit 18.
Further, the detection system further comprises a sixth one-way valve 19, the third filter unit 18 is in communication with the atmosphere via the sixth one-way valve 19, and air can flow into the NO sensor 21 via the sixth one-way valve 19. This scheme can avoid non-calibration in-process air to get into third filter unit to third filter unit's life has been prolonged.
Further, the second microprocessor 22 is further connected to the first power unit 20, the second power unit 16, the two-position three-way valve 17 and the NO sensor 21, respectively, and is configured to control the opening of the first power unit 20 and the second power unit 16, control a connection position of an inlet end of the two-position three-way valve 17, and receive a detection result of the NO sensor.
For the gas storage volume of the gas collection tube, a number of factors need to be considered: (1) in the exhaled NO detection process, the first power unit 20 continuously conveys the exhaled gas to the NO sensor 21, the conveying speed is not less than 0.5mL/s, and the conveying time is not less than 40s, so that the gas storage volume V of the gas collection pipe is not less than the volume of the exhaled gas to be detected, namely V is not less than 20 mL; (2) for the adult expiration NO detection equipment, as the maximum expiration flow is 55mL/s, the expiration time is about 10s at the longest, and dead space gas in the oral cavity and interference gas in a pipeline are about 170mL, the gas storage volume V of the gas collection pipe is less than or equal to 190 mL; for the children exhalation NO detection device, the exhalation time is about 6s at most, the oral cavity dead space is about 50mL, the longest exhalation time is about 6s, and V is less than or equal to 132 mL.
Namely, for the adult expiration NO detection device, the gas storage volume V of the gas collection pipe is between 20mL and 190 mL; for a child breath NO detection device, the gas storage volume V of the gas collection tube is between 20mL and 132 mL.
Thus, for an adult exhaled NO detection device, the exhaled gas delivery rate v ≦ 190/40 mL/s =4.75mL/s, i.e. between 0.5mL/s and 4.75 mL/s; for a child's exhaled NO detection device, the exhaled gas delivery rate v ≦ 130/40 mL/s =3.3 mL/s, i.e. between 0.5mL/s and 3.3 mL/s.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The gas off-line sampling device is characterized by comprising a gas collecting pipe, a gas inlet pipe and a gas outlet pipe, wherein the gas inlet pipe and the gas outlet pipe are communicated with the gas collecting pipe; the first one-way valve can allow gas to enter the gas collecting pipe through the gas inlet pipe, and the second one-way valve can allow gas in the gas collecting pipe to be discharged through the gas outlet pipe.
2. The offline gas sampling device of claim 1, wherein the gas collection tube has an aspect ratio equivalent of between 50 and 55.
3. An expired gas collection system, comprising the gas offline sampling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, and an expired gas circuit, wherein the expired gas circuit has a breath inlet end and a gas collection end, and the gas collection end is detachably communicated with a gas inlet pipe of the gas offline sampling device, so that the gas offline sampling device collects expired gas flowing in from the breath inlet end; still be equipped with first pressure sensor and first flow control valve in the expiration gas circuit, first pressure sensor is arranged in gathering the fluid pressure in the gas circuit of breathing, first flow control valve is used for adjusting the expired gas flow who flows from the gas acquisition end.
4. The exhaled gas collection system according to claim 3, further comprising a first filter unit and a third one-way valve in the exhaled gas path, wherein the first filter unit is disposed between the breath inlet end and the gas collection end, and is configured to filter impurities in the exhaled gas; the third one-way valve is arranged between the first filtering unit and the gas collection end and can allow the exhaled gas to flow from the breathing inlet end to the gas collection end.
5. The exhaled breath collection system of claim 4, further comprising a second filter unit for filtering NO, a fourth one-way valve and a fifth one-way valve, wherein the breath inlet port is in communication with the atmosphere through the second filter unit to form an inhalation air path; the fourth one-way valve is connected between the second filtering unit and the expiration air passage, and the fifth one-way valve is connected between the second filtering unit and the atmosphere; the fourth one-way valve and the fifth one-way valve may allow air to flow in the direction of the respiratory inlet port.
6. An expired air NO detection system, which is characterized by comprising the gas offline sampling device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, and further comprising a detection gas circuit, wherein the inlet end of the detection gas circuit is detachably connected with the gas outlet pipe of the gas offline sampling device, a NO sensor, a first power unit and a second flow regulating valve are arranged in the detection gas circuit, and the NO sensor is used for detecting the amount of NO in the expired air; the first power unit is used for continuously conveying the exhaled gas to the NO sensor; and the second flow regulation is used for regulating the flow of the exhaled gas in the detection gas path.
7. The exhaled NO detection system of claim 6, further comprising a second pressure sensor for collecting pressure data in the detection circuit, a flow sensor for collecting flow data in the detection circuit, and a second microprocessor; the second microprocessor is respectively connected with the second pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the second flow regulating valve, and is used for receiving pressure data acquired by the second pressure sensor and flow data acquired by the flow sensor and regulating the second flow regulating valve according to the pressure data and the flow data.
8. The exhaled NO detection system of claim 7, further comprising a buffer chamber, a second power unit, a third filter unit and a two-position three-way valve, wherein the buffer chamber is disposed between the detection gas path inlet end and the first power unit; the second power unit is used for conveying the gas in the detection gas path to the atmosphere; the third filtering unit is used for filtering NO; the inlet end of the two-position three-way valve can be switched to be communicated with the inlet end of the detection gas path or communicated with the atmosphere through the third filtering unit, and the outlet end of the two-position three-way valve is communicated with the first power unit.
9. The exhaled NO detection system of claim 8, wherein the second microprocessor is further connected to the first power unit, the second power unit, the two-position three-way valve and the NO sensor, respectively, for controlling the opening of the first power unit, the opening of the second power unit, the connection position of the inlet end of the two-position three-way valve, and receiving the detection result of the NO sensor.
10. The exhaled NO detection system of claim 9, wherein the exhaled NO detection system comprises an adult exhaled NO detection system and a child exhaled NO detection system, and the adult exhaled NO detection system comprises a gas collection tube having a gas storage volume of between 20mL to 190mL, and an exhaled gas delivery rate of between 0.5mL/s to 4.75 mL/s; in the children expiration NO detection system, the gas storage volume of the gas collection pipe is between 20mL and 132mL, and the delivery rate of the expired gas is between 0.5mL/s and 3.3 mL/s.
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| CN201811380165.0A CN111265217A (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Gas off-line sampling device, expired gas acquisition system and expired gas NO detection system |
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| CN201811380165.0A CN111265217A (en) | 2018-11-20 | 2018-11-20 | Gas off-line sampling device, expired gas acquisition system and expired gas NO detection system |
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Cited By (1)
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Application publication date: 20200612 |