CN111263574B - Thermoelectric protection device based on equivalent medium method and preparation method - Google Patents

Thermoelectric protection device based on equivalent medium method and preparation method Download PDF

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CN111263574B
CN111263574B CN202010197678.9A CN202010197678A CN111263574B CN 111263574 B CN111263574 B CN 111263574B CN 202010197678 A CN202010197678 A CN 202010197678A CN 111263574 B CN111263574 B CN 111263574B
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area
workpiece
radius
coating
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CN111263574A (en
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何晓
张兴伟
吴林志
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00—Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0073—Shielding materials

Abstract

The invention provides a thermoelectric protection device based on an equivalent medium method and a preparation method thereof. The composite structure comprises a composite area and a composite matrix area, wherein the composite area consists of a workpiece area and a coating outside the workpiece area, and cylindrical holes are uniformly distributed in the composite matrix area. The thermoelectric double-physical-field protection device designed by the invention can work in a direct-current electric field without working in a temperature field, can simultaneously eliminate the aggregation or dispersion phenomenon of heat flow and current in a matrix caused by parts, avoids the damage of electronic devices and mechanical workpieces caused by the concentration of the heat flow and the current, and provides a protection means for engineering problems.

Description

Thermoelectric protection device based on equivalent medium method and preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a protection device with thermoelectric double physical fields, and also relates to a preparation method of the protection device with thermoelectric double physical fields.
Background
In actual production life, due to the difference between the composition materials of machine parts, electronic components and the like and the surrounding base, the difference in the materials can disturb the distribution of a temperature field and an electric field in the base, and the disturbance is reflected in two aspects of concentration and dispersion of heat flow or current. For machine parts, local heat flow concentration or divergence can cause rapid change of local thermal stress so as to influence the working environment of the machine parts and other nearby parts, and the working environment is particularly represented as reducing the effective working time of the parts and making the effective working time far shorter than the theoretical life; for electronic components, not only can the heat conductivity difference cause heat flow concentration, but also the current concentration caused by the conductivity difference can generate a large amount of joule heat, and the heat concentration can burn the electronic components and can also have certain influence on surrounding electronic components and circuit boards.
In view of the above problems, there are few published reports on the protection of mechanical parts and electronic components from thermoelectric dual physical fields simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a thermoelectric protection device based on an equivalent dielectric method, which can perform thermal and electric protection simultaneously against a temperature field and a direct current electric field and is not limited by materials. The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent medium method.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent medium method comprises a composite area and a composite matrix area, wherein the composite area consists of a workpiece area and a coating outside the workpiece area, and cylindrical holes are uniformly distributed in the composite matrix area.
The thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent dielectric method of the present invention may further comprise:
1. the composite region is located in the middle of the composite matrix region.
2. The workpiece area is cylindrical, and the coating is a circular ring.
3. The composite substrate is formed by stacking square cells, and the square cells are composed of cylindrical holes and a substrate material.
4. The cylindrical holes are located at the geometric centroid of the square cell.
5. The cylindrical hole is filled with the same material as the workpiece area.
6. Volume fraction of workpiece area in composite area
Figure BDA0002418202160000011
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure BDA0002418202160000021
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Wherein a is the side length of a single square cell in a preselected composite matrix; r is1And r2The radius of the workpiece area and coating; r is0Is the radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix.
The invention discloses a preparation method of a thermoelectric protection device based on an equivalent medium method, which comprises the following steps:
radius of the workpiece area and the coating layer are r1And r2Respectively has a thermal conductivity of k1And k2Respectively, the electrical conductivity is sigma1And σ2The radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix is r0The thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the base material are the same as those of the workpiece area, and the thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the base material are respectively k0And σ0In the followingThe radius r of the cylindrical hole in the substrate is divided by the upper parameter0And the coating radius r2Besides, other parameters are determined according to actual working conditions;
selecting the radius r of the coating according to the engineering requirement2Volume fraction of the composite region occupied by the workpiece region
Figure BDA0002418202160000022
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure BDA0002418202160000023
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Where a is the length of the side of the individual square cell in the preselected composite matrix, according to the formula
Figure BDA0002418202160000024
Determining the radius r of a cylindrical bore0Thereafter, uniform drilling was performed outside the coating.
The method for preparing the thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent medium method can also comprise the following steps:
the cylindrical cavities are filled with the same material as the workpiece areas.
The invention provides an equivalent method based on the idea of neutral inclusion, and puts inclusions with effective performance equal to that of a substrate into the substrate, so that the uniform field of the substrate is not disturbed, and designs and manufactures a protection device aiming at thermoelectric double physical fields on the basis of the method, thereby protecting mechanical parts, electronic components and related parts working around the electronic components.
The invention provides a protection device for the problem of part damage caused by heat flow or current concentration of mechanical parts and electronic components in the working process, can perform thermal and electric protection on a temperature field and a direct current electric field simultaneously, and is not limited by materials.
The device is based on the neutral inclusion idea, and the thermoelectric double-field protection device is designed according to the idea of an equivalent medium. The definition of neutral inclusions is: when inclusions having an effective property equal to that of the matrix are placed in the matrix, the homogeneous field of the matrix is not disturbed, and such inclusions are called neutral inclusions. Firstly, according to the thought, when the equivalent physical properties (thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity) of a composite region formed by a workpiece region and a coating region are equal to those of a matrix material, a temperature field and a direct current electric field which are disturbed (heat flow and current are gathered or dispersed) in the matrix are restored uniformly again; secondly, the method is limited by materials in engineering application, so that the invention combines the idea of equivalent media to change the equivalent physical properties of the matrix in a drilling way in the matrix to form a composite matrix; and finally, the equivalent physical properties of the composite area where the base body and the workpiece area are located are equal, so that the phenomenon of heat flow and current concentration or divergence caused by the workpiece area can be eliminated, and the protection aim is fulfilled.
The invention can eliminate the concentration or dispersion phenomenon of heat flow and current in the base body caused by the workpiece area (electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like), avoid the damage of the electronic devices and the mechanical workpieces caused by the concentration of the heat flow and the current, and provide a protection means for engineering problems.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: when the base body works, the mechanical parts and the electronic components can cause the concentration or dispersion phenomenon of heat flow and current in the base body, the phenomenon of high concentration of the heat stress and the current around the base body is caused, the mechanical parts and the electronic components and other parts around the mechanical parts and the electronic components are influenced, and the effective service life of the mechanical parts and the electronic components is far lower than the theoretical value. The device can eliminate the influence on the temperature field and the electric field in the substrate after acting on the part, thereby eliminating the part damage caused by local thermal stress and current distribution nonuniformity. The test proves that: the thermoelectric double-physical-field protection device designed according to the equivalent method can work under a direct-current electric field without working under a temperature field, and can simultaneously eliminate the aggregation or diffusion phenomenon of heat flow and current in a matrix caused by parts. The experimental results are shown in the attached fig. 4 and 5, wherein fig. 4 and 5 show the disturbance of the temperature field and the direct current electric field in the matrix caused by the exposed parts and the effect successfully eliminated by the device of the invention, so that the temperature field and the direct current electric field are restored to be uniform again.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a protection device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a single square cell in a substrate.
Fig. 4 shows the temperature and potential distribution in the matrix without the protective device.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the working effect of the protective device designed according to the method of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail in connection with the accompanying drawing figures.
With reference to fig. 1, a first embodiment of the thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent medium method of the present invention is composed of the following two parts: a composite workpiece region consisting of the workpiece region 1 and the coating 2, and a composite substrate 3 consisting of a stack of square cells (fig. 3) consisting of cylindrical bores 4 and a substrate material 5.
In a second embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the first embodiment, the composite region is provided in the middle of the composite base region. The cylindrical holes in the composite substrate are located at the geometric centroid of the square cell to ensure the thermoelectric protection performance of the device (see figure 3).
In a third embodiment of the invention, based on the first or second embodiment, the workpiece region is designed as a cylinder and the coating is a ring.
In a fourth embodiment of the present invention, based on any of the above embodiments, the cylindrical hole is disposed at the geometric centroid of the square cell.
In a fifth embodiment of the present invention, based on any of the above embodiments, the cylindrical hole is filled with the same material as the workpiece region. In order to ensure that the material property of the cylindrical hole in the composite matrix is consistent with that of the workpiece area, the cylindrical hole is filled with the material which is the same as that of the workpiece area.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention is the work area in addition to any of the above embodimentsVolume fraction of the composite region
Figure BDA0002418202160000041
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure BDA0002418202160000042
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Wherein a is the side length of a single square cell in a preselected composite matrix; r is1And r2The radius of the workpiece area and coating; r is0Is the radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix.
The protection device designed by the method consists of a composite area and a composite matrix area, wherein the composite area consists of a workpiece area and a coating, the workpiece area is cylindrical, the coating is a ring, and cylindrical holes are uniformly distributed in the composite matrix area. Radius of the workpiece area and the coating layer are r1And r2(see attached FIG. 1), the thermal conductivity is k1And k2The electrical conductivity is respectively sigma1And σ2Wherein the radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix is r0The thermal and electrical conductivity is the same as for the workpiece region. The thermal conductivity and the electrical conductivity of the matrix material are respectively k0And σ0. Of the above parameters, only the radius r of the cylindrical hole in the substrate0And the coating radius r2Unknown, and the other parameters can be determined according to the actual working conditions.
Radius r of the coating2Can be selected randomly according to engineering requirements, and the radius r of the cylindrical hole can be determined according to the method provided by the invention0The manufacturing of the thermoelectric double-field protection device can be completed, and the determination method comprises the following steps: make the volume fraction of the workpiece area in the composite area
Figure BDA0002418202160000043
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure BDA0002418202160000044
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Wherein a is preThe side lengths of the individual square cells in the composite matrix are first selected (see figure 3). After the cylindrical holes are determined by the method, the manufacturing process of the thermoelectric double-field protection device can be completed by uniformly drilling holes outside the coating.
Attention is paid to the following in the above process: in order to ensure that the material property of the cylindrical hole in the composite matrix is consistent with that of the workpiece area, only the material which is the same as that of the workpiece area needs to be filled in the cylindrical hole; the cylindrical holes in the composite substrate must be located at the geometric centroid of the square cell to ensure the thermoelectric protection performance of the device (see figure 3); from the above-mentioned process, it can be seen that the thermoelectric dual field protection device of the present invention is not limited to the specific materials of both the workpiece region and the substrate, and has general applicability.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the protection device designed according to the method of the invention automatically works in a thermoelectric double physical field without manual operation after being assembled. The working process and the effect are as follows: isothermal lines (equipotential lines) of a temperature field (direct current electric field) in the composite matrix are parallel to each other and uniformly distributed, and when the matrix contains workpiece areas 1 such as electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like, the uniform temperature field and the direct current electric field are disturbed, so that heat flow or current is locally concentrated or dispersed (the isothermal lines are dispersed or concentrated), which is shown in fig. 4 for the distribution condition of the isothermal lines (equipotential lines); when the composite matrix is formed by coating the outside of the working area and drilling the matrix, namely the protective device is formed, the heat flow concentration or dispersion (isothermal line dispersion or concentration) phenomenon caused by the workpiece area is eliminated, and the disturbed temperature field and the direct current electric field are restored to be uniform again, as shown in an isothermal line (equipotential line) 6 in fig. 4 and 5, so that thermosensitive elements, electronic devices, mechanical parts and the like in the workpiece area are protected.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, the present invention can be modified in the specific embodiments and applications according to the spirit of the present invention, and the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. Thermoelectric protective clothing based on equivalent medium methodThe device is characterized in that: the composite structure comprises a composite area and a composite substrate area, wherein the composite area consists of a workpiece area and a coating outside the workpiece area, cylindrical holes are uniformly distributed in the composite substrate area, the composite substrate is formed by stacking square cells, and the square cells consist of the cylindrical holes and a substrate material; the composite area is positioned in the middle of the composite matrix area; the cylindrical hole is positioned at the geometric centroid of the square cell element; the workpiece area is cylindrical, and the coating is a circular ring; the cylindrical hole is filled with the same material as the workpiece area; volume fraction of workpiece area in composite area
Figure FDA0003188725350000011
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure FDA0003188725350000012
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Wherein a is the side length of a single square cell in a preselected composite matrix; r is1And r2The radius of the workpiece area and coating; r is0Is the radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix.
2. A method for manufacturing a thermoelectric protection device based on the equivalent dielectric method as set forth in claim 1, wherein: radius of the workpiece area and the coating layer are r1And r2Respectively has a thermal conductivity of k1And k2Respectively, the electrical conductivity is sigma1And σ2The radius of the circular hole in the composite matrix is r0The thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the base material are the same as those of the workpiece area, and the thermal conductivity and the electric conductivity of the base material are respectively k0And σ0Dividing the radius r of the cylindrical hole in the substrate by the above parameters0And the coating radius r2Besides, other parameters are determined according to actual working conditions;
selecting the radius r of the coating according to the engineering requirement2Volume fraction of the composite region occupied by the workpiece region
Figure FDA0003188725350000013
Equal to the volume fraction of the cylindrical holes in the composite matrix
Figure FDA0003188725350000014
Equal, i.e. f1＝f2Where a is the length of the side of the individual square cell in the preselected composite matrix, according to the formula
Figure FDA0003188725350000015
Determining the radius r of a cylindrical bore0Thereafter, uniform drilling was performed outside the coating.
3. The method of claim 2, comprising: the cylindrical cavities are filled with the same material as the workpiece areas.
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CN106675529A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-17 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 Composite thermal interface material of orientated pored graphene foam and low-melting-point alloy
CN109855939A (en) * 2019-04-03 2019-06-07 黑龙江科技大学 A kind of thermal insulation layer construction simulation equivalent test specimen of debonding defect interface resistance and preparation method thereof

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DE102006055120B4 (en) * 2006-11-21 2015-10-01 Evonik Degussa Gmbh Thermoelectric elements, process for their preparation and their use

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CN106675529A (en) * 2016-12-13 2017-05-17 中电普瑞电力工程有限公司 Composite thermal interface material of orientated pored graphene foam and low-melting-point alloy
CN109855939A (en) * 2019-04-03 2019-06-07 黑龙江科技大学 A kind of thermal insulation layer construction simulation equivalent test specimen of debonding defect interface resistance and preparation method thereof

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