CN111257050A - Ship ballast water biological collection device and use method thereof - Google Patents
Ship ballast water biological collection device and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111257050A CN111257050A CN202010147640.0A CN202010147640A CN111257050A CN 111257050 A CN111257050 A CN 111257050A CN 202010147640 A CN202010147640 A CN 202010147640A CN 111257050 A CN111257050 A CN 111257050A
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- water
- ballast water
- control unit
- filter screen
- water inlet
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 191
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 4
- 240000004282 Grewia occidentalis Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
Abstract
The invention discloses a ship ballast water biological acquisition device and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises: a barrel body, the inside of which is provided with a filter screen; the water inlet pipe is arranged above the barrel body, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe extends into the upper part of the filter screen; the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet electromagnetic valve, and the opening degree of the water inlet electromagnetic valve can be adjusted; the water outlet pipe is used for discharging the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen out of the barrel body; the water level sensing unit is used for detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, the water level sensing unit sends a feedback signal to the control unit; and the control unit is connected with the water inlet electromagnetic valve and is used for receiving feedback information and adjusting the opening size of the water inlet electromagnetic valve. The invention has short acquisition time and high acquisition efficiency, saves manpower and material resources, is not polluted and interfered by external organisms and human factors in the acquisition process, and improves the authenticity and the accuracy of the ship ballast water sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological automatic and quantitative collectors, in particular to a ship ballast water biological collecting device and a using method thereof.
Background
Ship ballast water refers to water and suspended matter added to a ship to control the draft and stability of the ship. The ballast water contains microorganisms, plankton and their spores, larvae, etc., and random discharge causes invasion of organisms. Therefore, we need to collect and sample it for analysis;
at present, the commonly used collection and sampling at home and abroad include four collection methods, namely, the collection by a sounding pipe, the collection at the discharge port of a fire fighting system and the collection by a manhole and a vent hole. The most common of these four methods is sounding pipe collection, and the technical equipments commonly used for sounding pipe collection include three kinds of pneumatic well pump, water bucket sampler and bottom sediment sampler.
The pneumatic well pump is a pneumatic plunger pump made of a fireproof material. It connects two tubes: one connected to the compressed air and one used to pump out ballast water. It can be lowered down the sounding pipe to a certain depth even to the bottom of the ballast tank to pump out ballast water and sediments.
The water bucket sampler is made of fireproof materials and is suitable for depth measuring pipes of all ships. The bucket sampler is lowered along the sounding pipe until ballast water enters from the small hole at the upper part.
The bottom sampler is made of fireproof materials and is also suitable for depth measuring tubes of all ships. And lowering the bottom sediment sampler to the bottom of the ballast tank. When the bottom sediment sampler touches the bottom of the ballast tank, the valve is opened, ballast water and sediment automatically enter the lower space, and air is generated in the upper space.
Although the three techniques mentioned above are the current commonly used acquisition methods, these techniques still have many defects: firstly, whether the sampled object is representative cannot be guaranteed, because suspended microorganisms in water may not be collected because of the loss due to the washing away of the pressure problem, and the accuracy and precision of the subsequent ballast water sampling research are greatly influenced; secondly, the operation of these techniques is very time consuming and laborious. The use of these devices requires personnel to operate, such as picking at the fire protection system discharge port, which requires two crew members together, a turbine and an assistant to control the pumps and valves. The assistance of ship personnel is also required when sampling at manholes and vent holes. The manual intervention cannot be separated, and a great deal of time and energy are consumed, so that the waste of manpower and material resources in the acquisition process is caused.
Therefore, a new technique for sampling ballast water is imperative. It is desirable to develop an automatic device that does not require human control for acquisition to reduce the consumption of manpower and material resources, shorten the acquisition time, and improve the acquisition efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems in the prior art, and provides the ship ballast water organism collecting device which is short in collecting time, high in collecting efficiency and free of pollution to collected samples and the using method thereof.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a ship ballast water biological collection device, which comprises:
a barrel body, the inside of which is provided with a filter screen;
the water inlet pipe is arranged above the barrel body, and an outlet of the water inlet pipe extends into the position above the filter screen; the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet electromagnetic valve, and the opening degree of the water inlet electromagnetic valve can be adjusted;
the water outlet pipe is used for discharging the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen out of the barrel body;
the water level sensing unit is used for detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, the water level sensing unit sends a feedback signal to the control unit;
and the control unit is connected with the water inlet electromagnetic valve and used for receiving the feedback information and adjusting the opening of the water inlet electromagnetic valve.
Furthermore, the control unit also comprises a human-computer interaction interface, the human-computer interaction interface comprises a matrix key and a nixie tube display module, and the matrix key can control the starting, stopping and working time of the water inlet electromagnetic valve; the nixie tube display module is used for displaying the state information of the water inlet electromagnetic valve.
Furthermore, the control unit also comprises a wireless serial port communication module, and the upper computer is connected with the control unit through the wireless serial port communication module.
Further, the shape of filter screen is the circular cone, water level sensing unit is the water level inductor, the water level inductor sets up in the circular cone the upper portion of filter screen.
Furthermore, one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the barrel body and is positioned below the filter screen, the other end of the water outlet pipe extends out of the barrel body, a water outlet electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and the water outlet electromagnetic valve is connected with the control unit.
Further, the bottom of the barrel body is provided with a base, and the base is a four-corner support made of metal.
The invention provides a using method of a ship ballast water biological collection device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, the control unit controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, the ship ballast water in the water outlet pipe flows into the filter screen for filtering, and the water outlet pipe discharges the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen out of the barrel body;
s2, detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, sending a feedback signal to the control unit by the water level sensing unit;
s3, after the control unit receives the feedback signal, the water inlet electromagnetic valve is controlled to reduce the opening until the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen is reduced to a normal range;
s4, the control unit calculates the intake volume of the ship ballast water according to the opening information of the intake solenoid valve, and after the set acquisition dosage is reached, the control unit controls the intake solenoid valve to close.
Further, the mesh size of the filter screen is 50 μm.
Further, in the step S4, the control unit may calculate the intake volume of the ship ballast water from the opening information of the intake solenoid valve using an integral algorithm.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) manual intervention can be basically separated in the collection process, compared with the collection mode adopted by various ports in China at present, the invention greatly saves manpower and material resources, and effectively controls the collected water quantity;
2) the device can filter useless garbage such as dead branches and leaves in the ship ballast water, has a tight structure, cannot be polluted and interfered by external organisms and human factors in the collection process, and cannot change the components of the collected ballast water, so that the authenticity and the accuracy of a ship ballast water sample are improved;
3) the device has wide application range, can fully meet the requirements of sampling and detection research of living organisms in the ship ballast water, has low requirements on operation technology and use environment, and can be used in all areas where the ship ballast water can be collected;
4) the collected ship ballast water sample is easy to store, sample and process, and is convenient for detection and research of the ship ballast water sample in a subsequent laboratory.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a marine ballast water organism collection device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a method flow chart of the using method of the ship ballast water biological collection device.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings so that the advantages and features of the present invention can be more easily understood by those skilled in the art, and the scope of the present invention will be more clearly and clearly defined.
Referring to fig. 1, the ship ballast water organism collecting device of the present invention includes:
the barrel body 1 is internally provided with a filter screen 2;
the water inlet pipe 3 is arranged above the barrel body 1, and the outlet of the water inlet pipe 3 extends into the upper part of the filter screen 2; the water inlet pipe 3 is provided with a water inlet electromagnetic valve 4, and the opening degree of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4 can be adjusted; preferably, the water inlet pipe 3 adopts a PVC water pipe with the diameter of DN 20;
a water outlet pipe 5 for discharging the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen 2 to the outside of the tub body 1;
the water level sensing unit 6 is used for detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen 2, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, the water level sensing unit 6 sends a feedback signal to the control unit 7;
and the control unit 7 is connected with the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4, and the control unit 7 is used for receiving the feedback information and adjusting the opening of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4.
In the invention, the control unit 7 is an STM32 singlechip, the singlechip can read the feedback information of the water level sensing unit 6 through GPIO, and the singlechip can also read the current opening information of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4 and write control information in a USART mode.
Specifically, the control unit 7 further comprises a human-computer interaction interface, the human-computer interaction interface comprises a matrix key 71 and a nixie tube display module 72, and the matrix key 71 can control the starting, stopping and working time of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4; the nixie tube display module 72 is used for displaying the state information of the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4.
Preferably, the control unit 7 further includes a wireless serial communication module 73, and the upper computer 8 is connected to the control unit 7 through the wireless serial communication module 73. In this embodiment, a bluetooth communication mode can be adopted, so that the serial port debugging assistant of the upper computer performs debugging control on the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4.
In the present invention, the filter screen 2 is shaped like a cone, the water level sensing unit 6 is a water level sensor, and the water level sensor is disposed at the upper portion of the cone-shaped filter screen 2. The filter screens 2 with different specifications can be installed according to research requirements, collected ship ballast water can be filtered by the filter screens 2 with different specifications, suspended matters, microorganisms, algae and other particle impurities in water with different diameters can be collected, and preferably, the size of the filter screen 2 installed in the embodiment of the invention is 50 micrometers, which is the most appropriate precision for filtering the ship ballast water.
In the invention, one end of a water outlet pipe 5 is communicated with the bottom of a barrel body 1 and is positioned below a filter screen 2, the other end of the water outlet pipe 5 extends out of the barrel body 1, a water outlet electromagnetic valve 9 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 5, and the water outlet electromagnetic valve 9 is connected with a control unit 7. In the invention, the water flow components at the water outlet position of the water outlet pipe 5 are fully mixed, the water outlet pipe 5 adopts straight pipe discharge to avoid the influence of bent pipes and other equipment on microorganisms in the ship ballast water, the discharge of the filter screen 2 and the water outlet pipe 5 can represent the actual ship ballast water discharge condition most, and the convenience can be provided for the research after sampling of the ship ballast water.
Preferably, the bottom of the barrel body 1 is provided with a base 10, and the base 10 is a four-corner bracket made of metal. The four-corner bracket can play a role in supporting and stabilizing.
Referring to fig. 2, the method for using the biological collection device for ship ballast water of the present invention comprises the following steps:
s1, the control unit 7 controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4 to be opened, the ship ballast water in the water outlet pipe 3 flows into the filter screen 2 to be filtered, and the water outlet pipe 5 discharges the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen 2 out of the barrel body 1;
s2, detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen 2, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, sending a feedback signal to the control unit 7 by the water level sensing unit 6;
s3, after the control unit 7 receives the feedback signal, the water inlet electromagnetic valve 4 is controlled to reduce the opening until the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen 2 is reduced to a normal range;
s4, the control unit 7 calculates the intake volume of the ship ballast water according to the opening information of the intake solenoid valve 4, and after the set collection dosage is reached, the control unit 7 controls the intake solenoid valve 4 to close.
Preferably, the mesh size of the filter screen 2 is 50 μm.
In step S4 of the present invention, the control unit 7 calculates the intake volume of the ship ballast water from the opening information of the intake solenoid valve 4 using an integral algorithm.
In summary, the invention has the advantages that:
1) manual intervention can be basically separated in the collection process, compared with the collection mode adopted by various ports in China at present, the invention greatly saves manpower and material resources, and effectively controls the collected water quantity;
2) the device can filter useless garbage such as dead branches and leaves in the ship ballast water, has a tight structure, cannot be polluted and interfered by external organisms and human factors in the collection process, and cannot change the components of the collected ballast water, so that the authenticity and the accuracy of a ship ballast water sample are improved;
3) the device has wide application range, can fully meet the requirements of sampling and detection research of living organisms in the ship ballast water, has low requirements on operation technology and use environment, and can be used in all areas where the ship ballast water can be collected;
4) the collected ship ballast water sample is easy to store, sample and process, and is convenient for detection and research of the ship ballast water sample in a subsequent laboratory.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A marine ballast water biological collection device, comprising:
a barrel body, the inside of which is provided with a filter screen;
the water inlet pipe is arranged above the barrel body, and an outlet of the water inlet pipe extends into the position above the filter screen; the water inlet pipe is provided with a water inlet electromagnetic valve, and the opening degree of the water inlet electromagnetic valve can be adjusted;
the water outlet pipe is used for discharging the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen out of the barrel body;
the water level sensing unit is used for detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, the water level sensing unit sends a feedback signal to the control unit;
and the control unit is connected with the water inlet electromagnetic valve and used for receiving the feedback information and adjusting the opening of the water inlet electromagnetic valve.
2. The marine ballast water organism collecting device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit further comprises a human-computer interaction interface, the human-computer interaction interface comprises a matrix key and a nixie tube display module, and the matrix key can control the starting, stopping and working time of the water inlet electromagnetic valve; the nixie tube display module is used for displaying the state information of the water inlet electromagnetic valve.
3. The marine ballast water organism collection device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control unit further comprises a wireless serial communication module, and the upper computer is connected with the control unit through the wireless serial communication module.
4. The marine ballast water organism collection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the strainer is shaped like a cone, and the water level sensing unit is a water level sensor provided at an upper portion of the cone-shaped strainer.
5. The marine ballast water organism collecting device according to claim 4, wherein one end of the water outlet pipe is communicated with the bottom of the tank body and is located below the filter screen, the other end of the water outlet pipe extends out of the tank body, and a water outlet electromagnetic valve is arranged on the water outlet pipe and is connected with the control unit.
6. The marine ballast water organism collection device according to claim 1, wherein a base is provided at the bottom of the tank body, and the base is a metal quadrangular frame.
7. A method of using the marine ballast water biological collection apparatus of claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
s1, the control unit controls the water inlet electromagnetic valve to be opened, the ship ballast water in the water outlet pipe flows into the filter screen for filtering, and the water outlet pipe discharges the ship ballast water filtered by the filter screen out of the barrel body;
s2, detecting the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen, and when the water level height is larger than a set range, sending a feedback signal to the control unit by the water level sensing unit;
s3, after the control unit receives the feedback signal, the water inlet electromagnetic valve is controlled to reduce the opening until the water level height of the ship ballast water on the filter screen is reduced to a normal range;
s4, the control unit calculates the intake volume of the ship ballast water according to the opening information of the intake solenoid valve, and after the set acquisition dosage is reached, the control unit controls the intake solenoid valve to close.
8. The use method of the marine ballast water organism collection device according to claim 7, wherein the mesh size of the filter net is 50 μm.
9. The method of using a marine ballast water organism collection device according to claim 7, wherein the control unit calculates the intake volume of the marine ballast water from the opening information of the intake solenoid valve using an integration algorithm in step S4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010147640.0A CN111257050A (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | Ship ballast water biological collection device and use method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010147640.0A CN111257050A (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | Ship ballast water biological collection device and use method thereof |
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| CN111257050A true CN111257050A (en) | 2020-06-09 |
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| CN202010147640.0A Pending CN111257050A (en) | 2020-03-05 | 2020-03-05 | Ship ballast water biological collection device and use method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113945428A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-18 | 上海海洋大学 | Intelligent ballast water sampling equipment |
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