CN104990765B - A kind of monitoring instrument and monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water - Google Patents
A kind of monitoring instrument and monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water Download PDFInfo
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- CN104990765B CN104990765B CN201510404566.5A CN201510404566A CN104990765B CN 104990765 B CN104990765 B CN 104990765B CN 201510404566 A CN201510404566 A CN 201510404566A CN 104990765 B CN104990765 B CN 104990765B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of monitoring instruments for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, including the conehead section from bottom to top connected by threaded coaxial, intake chamber pipe, the first supervisor, the second supervisor, reducing transfer tube, extension tube, T-type handle, it is provided with the water inlet with filter layer on the tube wall of water inlet chamber pipe, it is provided with partition board between the inner cavity of water inlet chamber pipe and the inner cavity of the first supervisor, being provided with chamber on the partition board crosses the mouth of a river；Monitoring probe and solenoid valve are provided in the inner cavity of first supervisor from top to down, the entrance connection chamber of solenoid valve crosses the mouth of a river, outlet connection probe water inlet, and probe water outlet connects speed governing peristaltic pump.The present invention also provides a kind of monitoring methods for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water.The present invention adapts to the operating environment of Tidal resuspension different water depth, sedimentary is disturbed it is small, can quickly, continue, efficiently and accurately acquire and monitor different time or the pore water of different deposition layer depth, hierarchical monitor high resolution.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine monitoring instrument fields, more particularly, to offshore, estuarine deposit pore water monitoring instrument
And monitoring method.
Background technology
Offshore and estuarine deposit are the frequent regions of mass exchange, and power mechanism is complicated, and its material composition change procedure
It is of great significance for research offshore and river mouth transport of substances mechanism.In existing research, most of scholars are to offshore
And there is no the change procedures for considering material composition in sedimentary pore water for the research that transports of river mouth material composition, and therefore, this hair
Bright is exactly the transport process of the sedimentary pore water material composition for studying offshore and river mouth.
The assay method of pore water material composition is numerous, and pore water is carried out frequently with the method for centrifugation, extruding, in-situ acquisition
Acquisition and measurement, the method that is detected substantially first to acquire, afterwards carry out.The method for wherein centrifuging and squeezing is needed to deposit sample
Product carry out pore moisture from centrifugal process extracts Sediment Pore Water method complexity, heavy workload, and can cause sample water sample
Pollution, sample information lag cannot carry out continuing sampling monitoring；And in-situ acquisition method is then that not destroy deposit structure passive
The method for acquiring Interstitial Water mainly has the dialysis Membrane sampling (Peeper) in situ based on osmotic equilibrium principle, is based on negative pressure original
The liposuction technique of reason and Rhizon technologies, the film diffusion balance method etc. based on molecular diffusion principle, in-situ acquisition method is not
Sample water sample can be caused to pollute, operation is simple, but needs the sampling time long, Peeper samplers and film diffusion balance method
Pore water sampling need at least 1 day time carry out molecule, ionic equilibrium.
1, Peeper samplers
Multi-chamber dialysis formula sampler (Peeper) is Columbia Univ USA Ray doctors Hesslein hair in 1976
Bright Sediment Pore Water sampler, is made by organic glass, and main body is by a series of areola groups for filling deionized water
At the dialysis film for being cased with micrometer grade hole diameter outside, areola, by film both sides water body reach soluble ion and molecular equilibrium into
Row acquisition.
Peeper samplers are widely used in the pore water acquisition in lake, river.Wang Jianjun etc. is using Peeper to Taihu Lake
Pore water metal ion is acquired.Lee's treasured etc. uses bed mud pore water nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in Peeper acquisitions Dian Chi Fu Baowan.
But traditional Peeper sampler spatial resolutions are low, equilibration time length (20 days or more).Ding Shiming etc. is to reduce cavity ruler
It is very little, Peeper samplers are repacked into and are made of three pieces of plate bodys, vertically there is spaced hole on every piece of plate body, by three
Block plate body overlaps, and the small plate body of hole is placed in outside, and the hole of three pieces of plate bodys corresponds；Three pieces of plate bodys two superposed surfaces it
Between the whole holes of setting covering permeable membrane, the hole of two permeable membranes and intermediate one piece of plate body constitutes sampling chamber, each to sample
The volume 100-300 μ L of cell, three pieces of plate bodys and two panels permeable membrane are integrally fixed；Improved Peeper samplers can incite somebody to action
Equilibration time shortens to for 24 hours.
Peeper samplers based on osmotic equilibrium principle have a disadvantage that：Sampling time is long, can not quickly and hold
Continuous ground is acquired pore water, especially cannot effectively respond shadow of the short cycles such as wave, tide acting factor to pore water
It rings.
2, for the sampler of sediment pore water sampling in rivers or lakes
The sampler is the patent that BCEG Environment Remediation Co., Ltd. proposes, is based on the water surface inside and outside sampler
The principle of pressure difference is acquired pore water.The sampler is by conehead, multistage sampling pipe, stainless steel mesh, T-type handle structure
At.Sampling pipe lower end and conehead are affixed, and sampling pipe upper end is equipped with inner thread mouth, and the lower part of sampling pipe is equipped with sieve area；Sieve area
It is interior to be equipped with wire cutting seam, slit width 0.2mm, and stainless steel mesh is coated in its outer wall, enter sampler for pore water；T
The lower end of type handle and the upper end grafting of sampling pipe.When the sampler is sampled, sampling pipe is pressed downward into bottom with T-type handle
It is sampled in mud, after reaching sampling depth, probe tube is stretched into extension rod, it, will be inside sampler by using peristaltic pump
Pore water be extracted on the water surface and be collected.The sampler can carry out river or bottom mud in lake different depth hole using extension rod
The acquisition of gap water can effectively carry out pore water in-situ acquisition analysis, and equipment is simple, easy to operate.
Existing sampler based on surface pressure difference principle inside and outside sampler has the disadvantages that：(a) with river outside sampler
The pressure difference between the water surface of pore water is collected in stream or the water surface and sampler in lake as power, and pore water is promoted to enter
In sampler, then probe tube is stretched into the pore water in sampler being extracted on the water surface and is acquired, the control to hole hydromining collection
Function processed is insufficient；(b) acquisition mode as needs the sedimentary model saved a certain amount of pore water in sampler, acquired
It encloses greatly, the layering resolution ratio of sampling is low；Although (c) can be acquired to the pore water of different depth, from upper layer under
Layer sedimentary when, easily cause sampling initial stage enter sampler pore water and original upper layer pore water mixing, reduce sampling
Efficiency；(d) under the effect of the dynamic factors such as wave, Tidal resuspension flow moves back and forth frequent, the existing anti-wave of sampler
Capability of influence is insufficient；(e) there is hysteresis quality to component monitoring in pore water.
For the hydrodynamic condition of offshore and estuary region complexity, existing sedimentary pore water sampling and monitoring instrument have
Following deficiency：(a) although existing pore water sampler has the presence of peristaltic pump, is only stretched into the hole in sampler with probe tube
Gap water is extracted on the water surface and is acquired, and pore water enters sampler, and to depend on surface pressure inside and outside sampler poor and interior
Outer water surface difference is bigger, and pressure difference is bigger, and pore water entrance is faster, can not control speed and the time of pore water entrance；(b)
When existing pore water sampler acquisition different depth pore water, layering resolution ratio is low, and collecting efficiency is low；(c) ground big in the depth of water
Fang Jinhang is sampled, and hydraulic pressure is big, inevitably there is seawater entrance, and the accuracy of this interim measurement before sampling can be affected；
(d) existing sampler is acquired and measures more than the water surface by wriggling pumped sampler pore water, is managed over long distances
The sampling in road transports, and can cause the decaying and doping of hole water sample elemental constituent, influences measurement result, and measure with one
Determine hysteresis quality, the synchronism of each factor data can be influenced；(e) river mouth sea bed sedimentary be mostly silty clay, clayey silt,
The grain sizes such as dauk smaller silt and mud with sieve and fritter slot and are difficult to silt and mud isolating from sampling merely
Except entrance；(f) river mouth hydrodynamic environment is complicated, especially the reciprocating of wave, can make sampling pipe that disturbance be caused to shift,
Connect the disturbance caused to deposit.Therefore, existing pore water sampler is also insufficient on construction and the method for sampling
Tidal resuspension carries out the requirement of hole water monitoring.
Invention content
In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of simple in structure, easy to operate, controls flexibly, it is wide to adapt to
For offshore, estuarine deposit pore water monitoring instrument.
The present invention is specifically realized by following technical scheme：
A kind of monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, including from bottom to top connected by threaded coaxial
Conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe, the first supervisor, the second supervisor, reducing transfer tube, extension tube, T-type handle,
The water inlet with filter layer, the inner cavity of the water inlet chamber pipe are symmetrically arranged on the tube wall of the water inlet chamber pipe
In close to first supervisor side be welded with a sealing partition board, be provided on the partition board connection water inlet chamber pipe inner cavity chamber
Cross the mouth of a river；
It is fixedly installed monitoring probe and solenoid valve from top to down in the inner cavity of first supervisor, the solenoid valve
Entrance connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube and crosses the mouth of a river, and outlet passes through size conversion plastic interface and another section of the first silica gel
The probe water inlet of pipe connection monitoring probe, the monitoring probe water outlet is by sequentially passing through the first supervisor, the second supervisor, prolonging
Long tube, T-type handle through-hole the second silicone tube connect speed governing peristaltic pump.
Further, the accessory mounting bracket for stationary monitoring probe and solenoid valve, institute are provided in first supervisor
The cross section that accessory mounting bracket includes vertically symmetrical setting is stated to be the iron plate of arc, be sequentially fixed at the iron plate top, centre
With the C-shaped upper mounted plate and middle fixed plate, circular base plate of bottom, the bottom for Motionless electromagnetic valve is provided in the circular base plate
Layer and crosses the bottom hole that the mouth of a river passes through at screw hole for chamber.
Further, the conehead section includes coaxial solid conehead and ladder solid cylinder, the ladder solid cylinder
Butt end is provided with external screw thread, and the ladder solid cylinder taper end is provided with pole perforating hole, and pole perforating hole is used for tightening or unscrewing conehead,
To prevent under effect of water pressure conehead can not unscrew, there is solid conehead and a ladder solid cylinder to be linked together in conehead section,
Conduct oneself with dignity by instrument, solid conehead makes monitoring instrument be easier to be inserted into sedimentary, and solid cylinder, which plays reduction water inlet chamber, to be held
Long-pending effect.
Further, the inner wall at the water inlet chamber pipe both ends is provided with internal thread, on the tube wall of the water inlet chamber pipe
Opposite water inlet is provided with the groove for installing filter layer, and the bottom of the groove is provided with the spiral shell for fixing filter layer
Wire hole.
Further, the filter layer is made of four layers of filter layer from outside to inside：The apertures 3mm circular hole net, 0.5mm~
0.063mm fine pores stainless steel filter screen, the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 2 micron pore sizes, the apertures 3mm circular hole net.
Further, the upper end inner wall of the reducing transfer tube is provided with the internal thread of connection extension tube, and lower end is provided with
The external screw thread of the second supervisor is connected, instrument drawing is fixedly installed in the middle part of the reducing transfer tube and hangs disk, the instrument drawing is hung
It is provided on disk along the equally distributed circular hole of its concentric circles.
In addition, the present invention also provides a kind of monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, including it is following
Step：
(a) it in scheduled sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument is inserted into deposition layer depth, determine described the
The quantity of one supervisor, the second supervisor and extension tube；
It (b) will be described in conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe, filter layer, accessory mounting bracket, first supervisor, respective numbers
Second supervisor, reducing transfer tube fit together, and coat the vacuum silicon grease of sealing, then are tied up with hawser and hang disk into instrument drawing
It in circular hole, slowly hangs in seawater, reaches after respective water depth and instrument reach and stablize, be further added by the quantity of extension tube, until
Instrument is put into sea bed；
(c) it is inserted in T-type handle in extension tube, monitoring instrument is pressed into sedimentary by dead weight, if sedimentary is harder,
With hammer T-type handle, instrument is made to be inserted into predetermined depth in sedimentary；
(d) firewire of cable and zero curve and power of electromagnetic valve line are connect with power supply, other wiring access of cable is visited
Head display, and connected in laptop by RS485 communication interfaces；Second silicone tube is accessed in speed governing peristaltic pump；
If (e) monitoring position offshore is closer, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is small, then is fixed by the weight of itself；If monitoring position
When upper wave generates compared with large disturbances to instrument, the hawser tied up on circular hole is fixed on sea bed, to enhance the anti-wave of instrument
Ability；
(f) start to monitor：It allows solenoid valve to connect electric opening, and peristaltic pump is allowed to start to work, make pore water according to a constant speed
Degree is slowly entered into water chamber pipe, and material composition data in laptops is waited to be varied from, and starts to automatically record monitoring probe
Measured data realize continuous quickly pore water material composition data monitoring；
(g) multilayer monitoring is if desired carried out, then the sequence that instrument is deep into lower layer from upper layer is needed to be monitored, deeply
It is preceding to close solenoid valve, using the pore water in wriggling pumped instrument water passage, into lower layer after repeat previous step into
The water monitoring of row hole or acquisition；
(h) after the completion of monitoring, will connect electronic equipment cable and silicone tube disconnect, using hawser by instrument toward pull-up
From sedimentary, collection apparatus.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
The present invention can resist the hydrodynamism of river mouth complexity, adapt to the operating environment of Tidal resuspension different water depth, right
Sedimentary disturbance is small, can quickly, continue, efficiently and accurately acquire and monitor different time or different deposition layer depth
Pore water, hierarchical monitor high resolution, and Real-time Monitoring Data capable of being recorded and be handled specifically includes：
(1) theoretical based on traditional negative-pressure ward, using silicone tube as water passage, improves simple rely on of pore water and adopt
Surface pressure difference enters the dynamic feature of monitoring instrument inside and outside sample device, is aspirated using speed governing peristaltic pump and solenoid valve control pore water
Speed, can in the different depth of water, avoid pore water enter it is too fast, can quickly monitor hole water substance component variation and
The dosage of pore water needed for capable of reducing, reduces the range that pore water collects, and improves layering resolution ratio；
(2) lower layer being deep into from upper layer in monitoring instrument and being monitored initial stage, the use of solenoid valve and peristaltic pump can be effective
It limits the lower layer's pore water newly entered to mix with original upper layer pore water, improves the work for monitoring pore water in different depth position
Make efficiency；
(3) use accessory mounting bracket by monitoring probe placement in instrument internal, it can be lasting, fast to hole water substance component
Speed is efficiently monitored, and is obtained hole water substance component and is changed over time process, shortens the sound for measuring pore water material composition
Between seasonable, and avoid the hysteresis quality of measurement data；
(4) it places miillpore filter between the filter screen of small-bore, obstructs fine sediment, and with the installation method of screw,
Simply filter membrane can be replaced；
(5) on instrument welding draw hang disk, can by hawser either pull rod tie up on four holes transfer or recycle when can
Using manpower or the drawing of loop wheel machine tool to be drawn to hang instrument, when the disturbance of wave is larger, the hawser for tying up to thereon can be anchored at
On surrounding sea bed, to enhance the anti-wave ability of instrument.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the complete assembling schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the assembling schematic diagram of the conehead section of the embodiment of the present invention, water inlet chamber, the first supervisor and accessory mounting bracket.
Fig. 3 is the conehead segment structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the water inlet chamber schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the water inlet chamber schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the water inlet chamber left view schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 be the embodiment of the present invention Fig. 4 in C-C to schematic cross-sectional view.
Fig. 8 is first supervisor's structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is second supervisor's structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the reducing transfer tube schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the reducing transfer tube schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 be in Figure 10 I-I to schematic cross-sectional view.
Figure 13 is the extension tube structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the T-type handle schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the T-type handle schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is the T-type handle left view schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the accessory mounting bracket schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 is the accessory mounting bracket left view schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 be in Figure 17 G-G to schematic cross-sectional view.
Figure 20 be in Figure 17 D-D to schematic cross-sectional view.
Figure 21 be in Figure 17 E-E to schematic cross-sectional view.
Figure 22 be in Figure 17 F-F to schematic cross-sectional view.
In figure：The solid coneheads of 1-；2- external screw threads；3- internal threads；4- ladder solid cylinders；5- water inlets；6- chambers cross water
Mouthful；7- grooves；8- screw holes；Disk is hung in the drawing of 9- instruments；10- circular holes；11- handle through-holes；12- bottom screw holes；13- bottoms
Hole；The chassis 14-；Fixed plate in 15-；16- upper mounted plates；17- iron plates；The first silicone tubes of 18-；19- solenoid valves；20- sizes turn
Change plastic interface；21- power of electromagnetic valve lines；22- probe water inlets；23- monitoring probes；The second silicone tubes of 24-；25- cables；
26- accessory mounting brackets；27- water inlet chamber pipes；28- first is responsible for；29- second is responsible for；30- reducing transfer tubes；31- extension tubes；
32-T type handles；33- partition boards；34- pole perforating holes；35- filter layers.
Specific implementation mode
The purpose of the present invention is described in further detail in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, embodiment cannot be
This is repeated one by one, but therefore embodiments of the present invention are not defined in following embodiment.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, including from bottom to top
The conehead section connected by threaded coaxial, chamber pipe 27, first of intaking are responsible for 28 (see Fig. 8), second 29 (see Fig. 9) of supervisor, are become
Diameter transfer tube 30, extension tube 31, T-type handle 32,
It is symmetrically arranged with the water inlet 5 with filter layer 35, the water inlet chamber pipe on the tube wall of the water inlet chamber pipe 27
It is welded with a sealing partition board 33 close to the first 28 sides of supervisor in 27 inner cavity, connection water inlet chamber is provided on the partition board 33
The chamber of the inner cavity of pipe 27 crosses the mouth of a river 6；
It from top to bottom is fixedly installed monitoring probe 23 and solenoid valve 19, the electricity in the inner cavity of first supervisor 28
The entrance of magnet valve 19 connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube 18 and crosses the mouth of a river 6, outlet by size conversion plastic interface 20 and
The probe water inlet 22 of another section of the first silicone tube 18 connection monitoring probe 23, the monitoring pop one's head in 23 water outlets by wearing successively
Cross first supervisor 28, second supervisor 29, extension tube 31, T-type handle 32 through-hole 11 the second silicone tube 24 connection speed governing wriggle
Pump.
As shown in FIG. 17 to 22, it is provided with for stationary monitoring probe 23 and solenoid valve 19 in first supervisor 28
Accessory mounting bracket 26, the accessory mounting bracket 26 include that the cross section of vertically symmetrical setting is the iron plate 17 of arc, fixes successively
In the C-shaped upper mounted plate 16 and middle fixed plate 15 of 17 top of the iron plate, centre and bottom, circular base plate 14, the circular base
It is provided on disk 14 for the bottom screw hole 12 of Motionless electromagnetic valve 19 and crosses the bottom hole 13 that the mouth of a river 6 passes through for chamber.
As shown in figure 3, the conehead section includes coaxial solid conehead 1 and ladder solid cylinder 4, the ladder filled circles
4 butt end of column is provided with external screw thread 2, and 4 taper end of ladder solid cylinder is provided with pole perforating hole 34, and pole perforating hole is used for tightening or twisting
Open conehead, to prevent under effect of water pressure conehead can not unscrew, have solid conehead 1 and a ladder solid cylinder 4 in conehead section
It is linked together, conducts oneself with dignity by instrument, solid conehead 1 makes monitoring instrument be easier to be inserted into sedimentary, and solid cylinder plays reduction
The effect for cavity volume of intaking.
As shown in Figures 4 to 7, the inner wall at 27 both ends of water inlet chamber pipe is provided with internal thread 3, the water inlet chamber pipe
With respect to the groove 7 being provided at water inlet 5 for installing filter layer 35 on 27 tube wall, the bottom of the groove, which is provided with, to be used for
The screw hole 8 of fixed filter layer 35.
In the present embodiment, the filter layer 35 is made of four layers of filter layer from outside to inside：The apertures 3mm circular hole net, 0.5mm~
0.063mm fine pores stainless steel filter screen, the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 2 micron pore sizes, the apertures 3mm circular hole net, large and small aperture mistake
Strainer, which plays, protects miillpore filter not destroyed by silt, and miillpore filter can completely cut off fine sediment.
As shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, the upper end inner wall of the reducing transfer tube 30 is provided with the internal thread of connection extension tube 31
3, lower end is provided with the external screw thread 2 of the second supervisor 29 of connection, and the middle part of the reducing transfer tube 30 is fixedly installed instrument drawing and hangs
Disk 9, instrument drawing, which is hung, to be provided on disk 9 along the equally distributed circular hole of its concentric circles 10.
Conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe 27, each supervisor and accessory mounting bracket 26 of the present embodiment etc. use stainless steel material,
Extension tube 31, reducing transfer tube 30, instrument drawing hang disk 9, T-type handle 32 etc. and use aluminum alloy materials.
The internal thread 3 of 27 lower end (Fig. 2) of external screw thread 2 and water inlet chamber pipe of conehead section (Fig. 1) carries out screw engagement one
It rises and forms water inlet chamber.
Water inlet 5 is located at 27 middle part of water inlet chamber pipe, and circumferentially upper there are four the inlet of a rectangular conduit that size is 40mm*30mm
5, and have the groove 7 and screw hole 8 of installation filter element.
Each supervisor (Fig. 8, Fig. 9) is that internal diameter is 60mm, and outer diameter is the pipe of 76mm, the internal thread of 27 upper end of water inlet chamber pipe
3 and first the external screw thread 2 of supervisor 28 carry out screw engagement, can increase by second 29 (Fig. 5) of supervisor when assembling according to sampling depth
Engagement quantity, every section of long 500mm of supervisor.
Extension tube 31 (Figure 13) is that internal diameter is 30mm, and outer diameter is the pipe of 46mm, and the long 500mm of every section of pipe, when assembling can
To increase the engagement quantity of extension rod 31 according to the depth of water.
Second supervisor 29 and extension tube 31 are threadably engaged in reducing transfer tube 30,30 long 150mm of reducing transfer tube.
Instrument drawing is hung disk 9 and is welded on reducing transfer tube 30, can by rope or pull rod by instrument lift with
And it is fixed.
T-type handle 32 can be sleeved in the extension tube 31 of the top, be used for extrusion apparatus and be inserted into sedimentary, sedimentary is too
T-type handle 32 can also be hammered firmly, and main tube part is made to be inserted into predetermined monitoring depth.
The circular base plate 14 of accessory mounting bracket 26 (Fig. 9) is used for installing Motionless electromagnetic valve 19, upper mounted plate 16 and middle fixation
Plate 15 is used for placing monitoring probe, and upper mounted plate 16 and middle fixed plate 15, circular base plate 14 are supported with two iron plates 17.
It includes miniature electromagnetic valve 19, silicone tube 18, speed governing peristaltic pump that pore water, which aspirates control section,.Monitoring portion is divided
Material composition monitoring probe 23, cable 25 and data show and record system.
Solenoid valve 19 is used for controlling the disengaging of water in water inlet chamber pipe 27；Each silicone tube be pore water enter monitoring probe and
Drain into the channel outside instrument；Speed governing peristaltic pump can enter water inlet chamber according to the seepage velocity adjustment apertures water in sedimentary
Speed, avoid pore water from entering chamber too fast and generate too big disturbance to sedimentary；Monitoring probe 23 can be according to monitoring
Component type is selected, conductivity probe, PH probes etc.；It is detected by monitoring probe 23 that data, which show and record coefficient then,
Signal data accessed in laptop computer with RS485 communication interfaces, by the software voluntarily worked out to data carry out record and
Processing.
The monitoring instrument assembling flow path that the present embodiment is provided is as follows：
(a) in the screw hole 8 before filter screen and miillpore filter being mounted on water inlet 5 as the screw of filter layer 35；
(b) solenoid valve 19 is mounted on screw in the bottom screw hole 12 on accessory mounting bracket 26, by accessory mounting bracket
26 put on the partition board 33 in the first supervisor 28, and the mouth of a river 6 is crossed in bottom hole 13 against chamber, and the mouth of a river was connected on the first silicone tube 18
6 and solenoid valve 19 inlet and outlet on, pipe clamp banding interface is used in combination；
(c) according to probe size, monitoring probe 23 is put on middle fixed plate 15 or upper mounted plate 16 and is fixed, with one section
First silicone tube 18 is connected at probe water inlet 22, with pipe clamp banding, is connected on one section of first silicone tube of 19 water outlet of solenoid valve
18 and be connected on probe water inlet 22 at one section of first silicone tube 18 between be attached with size conversion plastic interface 20, be used in combination
Second silicone tube 24 is connected in the water outlet of monitoring probe 23；
(d) in 2 sets of upper rubber seal of external screw thread, by 28 access water inlet chamber pipe of the first supervisor, according to insertion sedimentary
Depth, determine the quantity of the second supervisor 29 of access, be screwed in the simultaneous rubber seal that is put into of each supervisor；
(e) in 2 sets of upper rubber seal of the external screw thread of conehead section, conehead section is screwed on into water inlet chamber pipe 27, is used in combination
Thin iron rod, which is inserted into pole perforating hole 34, to be screwed；
(f) it is put into rubber seal on the external screw thread 2 of reducing transfer tube 30, during its precession is responsible for, in small-caliber end
Access extension tube 31；
(g) finally T-type handle 32 is sleeved on uppermost extension rod 31, by cable 25, the second silicone tube 24, solenoid valve
Power cord 21 passes through each pipe, is stretched out outside monitoring instrument from T-type handle through-hole 11.
Pore water monitoring method provided in this embodiment is as follows：
(a) it in scheduled sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument is inserted into deposition layer depth, determine the first master
The quantity of the supervisor of pipe 28, second 29 and extension tube 31；
(b) according to above-mentioned assembling flow path, by conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe 27, filter layer 35, accessory mounting bracket 26, the
One supervisor 28, the second supervisor 29 of respective numbers, reducing transfer tube 30 fit together, and coat the vacuum silicon grease of sealing, then use
Hawser is tied up instrument drawing and is hung in the circular hole 10 of disk 9, slowly hangs in seawater, reaches respective water depth and instrument reaches stable
Afterwards, it is further added by the quantity of extension tube 31, until instrument is put into sea bed；
(c) T-type handle 32 is inserted in extension tube 31, by dead weight by monitoring instrument be pressed into sedimentary in, if sedimentary compared with
Firmly, then hammer T-type handle 32 is used, instrument is made to be inserted into predetermined depth in sedimentary；
(d) firewire of cable 25 and zero curve and power of electromagnetic valve line 21 are connect with power supply, other wiring of cable 25
Access probe display, and connected in laptop by RS485 communication interfaces；The access speed governing of second silicone tube 24 is compacted
In dynamic pump；
If (e) monitoring position offshore is closer, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is small, then is fixed by the weight of itself；If monitoring position
When upper wave generates compared with large disturbances to instrument, the hawser tied up on circular hole 10 is fixed on sea bed, to enhance the anti-wave of instrument
Unrestrained ability；
(f) start to monitor：It allows solenoid valve 19 to connect electric opening, and peristaltic pump is allowed to start to work, make pore water according to certain
Speed is slowly entered into water chamber pipe 27, and material composition data in laptops is waited to be varied from, and starts to automatically record monitoring
Data measured by probe 23 realize continuous quickly pore water material composition data monitoring；Wherein the solenoid valve 19 is switched on
It is normally opened, power-off close solenoid valve, during instrument is inserted into predetermined depth, although outside water pressure increase, can compress into
The volume of air in water chamber's pipe 27 makes the outer seawater of instrument enter chamber, but the solenoid valve 19 is to close, and intake
27 volume of chamber pipe is small, in addition have the barrier of filter layer 35, the seawater amount very little into water inlet chamber pipe 27, to monitoring result
It influences small；
(g) multilayer monitoring is if desired carried out, then the sequence that instrument is deep into lower layer from upper layer is needed to be monitored, deeply
It is preceding to close solenoid valve, using the pore water in wriggling pumped instrument water passage, into lower layer after repeat previous step into
The water monitoring of row hole or acquisition；
(h) after the completion of monitoring, will connect electronic equipment cable and silicone tube disconnect, using hawser by instrument toward pull-up
From sedimentary, if manpower can not pull out instrument, the loop wheel machine on ship is needed to pull out instrument, and extension tube 31 is separated,
Collection apparatus.
(i) it is cleaned by the instrument removal of recycling and with distilled water.
The above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be to the present invention
Embodiment restriction.For those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also make on the basis of the above description
Other various forms of variations or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.It is all the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should be included in the protection of the claims in the present invention made by within spirit and principle
Within the scope of.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterised in that：Including from bottom to top passing through spiral shell
Line coaxially connected conehead section, the first supervisor (28), the second supervisor (29), reducing transfer tube (30), is prolonged water inlet chamber pipe (27)
Long tube (31), T-type handle (32),
It is symmetrically arranged with the water inlet (5) with filter layer (35), the water inlet chamber on the tube wall of the water inlet chamber pipe (27)
It manages in the inner cavity of (27) and is welded with a sealing partition board (33) close to first supervisor (28) side, the company of being provided on the partition board (33)
The chamber of the inner cavity of logical water inlet chamber pipe (27) crosses the mouth of a river (6)；
It is fixedly installed monitoring probe (23) and solenoid valve (19) from top to down in the inner cavity of first supervisor (28), it is described
The entrance of solenoid valve (19) connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube (18) and crosses the mouth of a river (6), and outlet passes through size conversion plastics
Interface (20) and the probe water inlet (22) of another section of the first silicone tube (18) connection monitoring probe (23), the monitoring probe
(23) water outlet by sequentially pass through the first supervisor (28), second supervisor (29), extension tube (31), T-type handle (32) through-hole
(11) the second silicone tube (24) connects speed governing peristaltic pump；
Speed governing peristaltic pump and solenoid valve control pore water pumping velocity；
It is fixedly installed instrument drawing in the middle part of the reducing transfer tube (30) and hangs disk (9), the instrument drawing is hung to be set on disk (9)
It is equipped with along the equally distributed circular hole of its concentric circles (10)；
The conehead section includes coaxial solid conehead (1) and ladder solid cylinder (4), ladder solid cylinder (4) butt end
It is provided with external screw thread (2), ladder solid cylinder (4) taper end is provided with pole perforating hole (34)；
The filter layer (35) is made of four layers of filter layer from outside to inside：The apertures 3mm circular hole net, 0.5mm~0.063mm fine pores
Stainless steel filter screen, the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 2 micron pore sizes, the apertures 3mm circular hole net.
2. the monitoring instrument according to claim 1 for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterised in that:It is described
The accessory mounting bracket (26) for fixing the monitoring probe (23) and the solenoid valve (19) is provided in first supervisor (28),
The accessory mounting bracket (26) includes that the cross section of vertically symmetrical setting is the iron plate (17) of arc, is sequentially fixed at the iron plate
(17) the C-shaped upper mounted plate (16) of top, centre and bottom and middle fixed plate (15) and circular base plate (14), the circular base plate
(14) it is provided with the bottom screw hole (12) for fixing the solenoid valve (19) on and crosses what the mouth of a river (6) passed through for the chamber
Bottom hole (13).
3. the monitoring instrument according to claim 1 for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterised in that:It is described
The inner wall at water inlet chamber pipe (27) both ends is provided with internal thread (3), on the tube wall of the water inlet chamber pipe (27) it is relatively described into
The groove (7) for installing the filter layer (35) is provided at the mouth of a river (5), the bottom of the groove is provided with for fixing
State the screw hole (8) of filter layer (35).
4. the monitoring instrument according to claim 1 for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterised in that:It is described
The upper end inner wall of reducing transfer tube (30) is provided with the internal thread (3) for connecting the extension tube (31), and lower end is provided with connection
The external screw thread (2) of two supervisors (29).
5. a kind of monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(a) it in scheduled sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument is inserted into deposition layer depth, determine the first supervisor
(28), the quantity of the second supervisor (29) and extension tube (31)；
(b) before filter screen and miillpore filter being mounted on water inlet (5) as filter layer (35) screw screw hole (
8) in；
(c) solenoid valve (19) is mounted on screw in the bottom screw hole (12) on accessory mounting bracket (26), accessory is installed
Frame (26) is put on the partition board (33) in the first supervisor (28), and bottom hole (13) cross the mouth of a river (6) against chamber, with the first silicone tube
(18) it was connected in the inlet and outlet of the mouth of a river (6) and solenoid valve (19), pipe clamp banding interface is used in combination；
(d) according to probe size, monitoring probe (23) is put on middle fixed plate (15) or upper mounted plate (16) and is fixed, with one
The first silicone tube of section (18) is connected at probe water inlet (22), with pipe clamp banding, is connected on one section of solenoid valve (19) water outlet the
Size conversion plastic interface is used between one silicone tube (18) and one section of first silicone tube (18) being connected at probe water inlet (22)
(20) it is attached, the second silicone tube (24) is used in combination to be connected in the water outlet of monitoring probe (23)；
(e) rubber seal is put in external screw thread (2), by the first supervisor (28) access water inlet chamber pipe, according to insertion sedimentary
Depth, determine the quantity of the second supervisor (29) of access, between each supervisor being put into rubber seal is screwed on；
(f) rubber seal is put in the external screw thread (2) of conehead section, conehead section is screwed on into water inlet chamber pipe (27), is used in combination
Thin iron rod, which is inserted into pole perforating hole (34), to be screwed；
(g) it is put into rubber seal on the external screw thread (2) of reducing transfer tube (30), during its precession is responsible for, in small-caliber end
Access extension tube (31)；
(h) T-type handle (32) is sleeved in uppermost extension tube (31), by cable (25), the second silicone tube (24), solenoid valve
Power cord (21) passes through each pipe, is stretched out outside monitoring instrument from T-type handle through-hole (11)；
(i) by conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe (27), filter layer (35), accessory mounting bracket (26), first supervisor (28), phase
After answering second supervisor (29) of quantity, reducing transfer tube (30) to fit together, the vacuum silicon grease of sealing is coated, then use
Hawser is tied up instrument drawing and is hung in the circular hole (10) of disk (9), slowly hangs in seawater, reaches respective water depth and instrument reaches steady
After fixed, it is further added by the quantity of extension tube (31), until instrument is put into sea bed；
(j) T-type handle (32) is inserted in extension tube (31), by dead weight by monitoring instrument be pressed into sedimentary in, if sedimentary compared with
Firmly, then hammer T-type handle (32) is used, instrument is made to be inserted into predetermined depth in sedimentary；
(k) firewire of cable (25) and zero curve and power of electromagnetic valve line (21) are connect with power supply, other of cable (25) connect
Line access probe display, and connected in laptop by RS485 communication interfaces；Second silicone tube (24) is accessed and is adjusted
In fast peristaltic pump；
If (l) monitoring position offshore is closer, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is small, then is fixed by the weight of itself；If monitoring position upper ripple
When wave generates compared with large disturbances to instrument, the hawser tied up on circular hole (10) is fixed on sea bed, to enhance the anti-wave of instrument
Ability；
(m) start to monitor：It allows solenoid valve (19) to connect electric opening, and peristaltic pump is allowed to start to work, make pore water according to a constant speed
Degree is slowly entered into water chamber pipe (27), is waited material composition data in laptops to be varied from, is started to automatically record monitoring
Data measured by probe (23) realize continuous quickly pore water material composition data monitoring；
(n) multilayer monitoring is if desired carried out, then the sequence that instrument is deep into lower layer from upper layer is needed to be monitored, it will before going deep into
Solenoid valve close, using the pore water in wriggling pumped instrument water passage, into lower layer after repeat previous step carry out hole
Gap water monitoring or acquisition；
(o) after the completion of monitoring, the cable for connecting electronic equipment and silicone tube are disconnected, instrument is up pulled away from using hawser and is sunk
Lamination, collection apparatus.
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| CN201510404566.5A CN104990765B (en) | 2015-07-10 | 2015-07-10 | A kind of monitoring instrument and monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water |
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