CN104990765A - Instrument and method for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water - Google Patents
Instrument and method for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water Download PDFInfo
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- CN104990765A CN104990765A CN201510404566.5A CN201510404566A CN104990765A CN 104990765 A CN104990765 A CN 104990765A CN 201510404566 A CN201510404566 A CN 201510404566A CN 104990765 A CN104990765 A CN 104990765A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an instrument for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water. The instrument for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water comprises a conical head section, a water inlet chamber pipe, a first main pipe, a second main pipe, a reducing adapter pipe, an elongation pipe and a T-shaped handle, wherein the pipe wall of the water inlet chamber pipe is provided with a water inlet with a filter layer, a baffle is provided between the inner chamber of the water inlet chamber pipe and the inner chamber of the first main pipe, and the baffle is provided with a chamber water passing port; a monitoring probe and an electromagnetic valve are provided in the inner chamber of the first main pipe from top to bottom, the inlet of the electromagnetic valve is connected with the chamber water passing port, the outlet is connected with a probe water inlet, and a probe water outlet port is connected with a speed regulating peristaltic pump. The invention further provides a method for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water. The instrument and method for monitoring inshore and estuary sedimentary layer pore water adapt to operation environments with different water depths in estuary sea areas, the disturbance to the sedimentary layer is small, the pore water at different time or different sedimentary layer depths can be quickly, continuously, efficiently and accurately acquired and monitored, and the layer-by-layer monitoring resolution is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to marine monitoring instrument field, particularly relate to for offshore, estuarine deposit pore water monitoring instrument and monitoring method.
Background technology
Offshore and estuarine deposit are the frequent regions of mass exchange, and power mechanism is complicated, and its material composition change procedure for research offshore and river mouth transport of substances mechanism significant.In existing research, the transport research of major part scholars to offshore and river mouth material composition does not have the change procedure considering material composition in sedimentary deposit pore water, therefore, the present invention is exactly the transport process of the sedimentary deposit pore water material composition for studying offshore and river mouth.
The assay method of pore water material composition is numerous, normal adopts centrifugal, extruding, the method for in-situ acquisition carries out collection and the mensuration of pore water, substantially first to gather, the method for rear detection carries out.Wherein method that is centrifugal and extruding needs to carry out pore moisture to sediment sample to extract Sediment Pore Water method from, centrifuge method complicated, and workload is large, and can cause the pollution of sample water sample, and sample information is delayed, can not carry out lasting sampling monitoring; In-situ acquisition method is then do not destroy the method for the passive collection Interstitial Water of sediment structure, mainly contain the original position dialysis membrane sampling thief (Peeper) based on osmotic equilibrium principle, the liposuction technique based on principle of negative pressure and Rhizon technology, film diffusion balance method etc. based on molecular diffusion principle, in-situ acquisition method can not cause sample water sample to pollute, operate simple and easy, but need the sampling time long, the pore water sampling of Peeper sampling thief and film diffusion balance method needs the time of at least 1 day to carry out molecule, ionic equilibrium.
1, Peeper sampling thief
Multi-chamber dialysis formula sampling thief (Peeper) is the Sediment Pore Water sampling thief of Columbia Univ USA Ray doctor Hesslein invention in 1976, be made by organic glass, main body is made up of a series of areola filling deionized water, areola overcoat has the dialysis film in micron order aperture, reaches soluble ion and molecular equilibrium gathers by film both sides water body.
Peeper sampling thief is widely used in the pore water collection in lake, river.Wang Jianjuns etc. use Peeper to gather Taihu Lake pore water metallic ion.Li Bao etc. use Peeper to gather bed mud pore water nitrogen and phosphorous nutrient in the Fu Baowan of Dian Chi.But traditional Peeper sampling thief spatial resolution is low, equilibration time long (more than 20 days).Peeper sampling thief, for reducing cavity size, repacks into and is made up of three pieces of plate bodys, every block plate body vertically has spaced hole by Ding Shiming etc., and by superimposed for three pieces of plate bodys, the plate body that hole is little is placed in outside, the hole one_to_one corresponding of three pieces of plate bodys; Between two superposed surfaces of three pieces of plate bodys, arrange the permeable membrane covering whole hole, two permeable membranes form sampling chamber with the hole of middle one piece of plate body, and three pieces of plate bodys and two panels permeable membrane are integrally fixed by the volume 100-300 μ L of each sampling chamber; Equilibration time can be shortened to 24h by the Peeper sampling thief after improvement.
Peeper sampling thief based on osmotic equilibrium principle has following shortcoming: the sampling time is long, fast and gather pore water constantly, especially can not effectively can not respond the short period such as wave, tide acting factor to hole water mitigation.
2, for river or lake sediment pore water sampling sampling thief
This sampling thief is the patent that BCEG Environment Remediation Co., Ltd. proposes, and is gather pore water based on the principle of surface pressure difference inside and outside sampling thief.This sampling thief is made up of conehead, multistage sampling pipe, stainless steel mesh, T-shaped handle.Sampling pipe lower end and conehead affixed, sampling pipe upper end is provided with inner thread mouth, and the bottom of sampling pipe is provided with screen cloth district; Be provided with Linear cut seam in screen cloth district, its seam is wide is 0.2mm, and at the coated stainless steel mesh of its outer wall, enters sampler for pore water; The lower end of T-shaped handle and the upper end grafting of sampling pipe.When this sampling thief is sampled, with T-shaped handle sampling pipe pressed downward in bed mud and sample, after reaching sampling depth, stopple coupon is stretched in extension rod, by using peristaltic pump, the pore water inside sampling thief being extracted on the water surface and collecting.This sampling thief can utilize extension rod to carry out the collection of river or bottom mud in lake different depth pore water, can effectively carry out the analysis of pore water in-situ acquisition, and equipment is simple, easy to operate.
Based on the existing sampling thief of surface pressure difference principle inside and outside sampling thief, there is following shortcoming: the pressure differential between the water surface that (a) collects pore water in the water surface in the outer river of sampling thief or lake and sampling thief is as power, pore water is impelled to enter in sampling thief, stretched into by stopple coupon the pore water in sampling thief to be extracted on the water surface again and gather, the controlling functions gathered pore water is not enough; B acquisition mode that () is such needs to save a certain amount of pore water in sampling thief, and the sedimentary deposit scope that gather is large, and the layering resolution of sampling is low; Although c () can gather the pore water of different depth, during from upper strata to lower floor's sedimentary deposit, easily cause the sampling initial stage to enter pore water and the mixing of original upper strata pore water of sampling thief, reduce the efficiency of sampling; D (), under the dynamic factor effects such as wave, the to-and-fro movement of Tidal resuspension current is frequent, the anti-wave effect scarce capacity of existing sampling thief; E () has hysteresis quality to component monitoring in pore water.
For the hydrodynamic condition of offshore and estuary region complexity, existing sedimentary deposit pore water sampling and monitoring instrument have following deficiency: although (a) existing pore water sampler has the existence of peristaltic pump, just stretch into the pore water in sampling thief to be extracted on the water surface with stopple coupon and gather, pore water enters sampling thief, and to depend on surface pressure inside and outside sampling thief poor, and inside and outside water surface difference is larger, pressure differential is larger, pore water enters faster, can not control speed that pore water enters and time; When () existing pore water sampler gathers different depth pore water b, layering resolution is low, and collecting efficiency is low; C () is sampled in the place that the depth of water is large, hydraulic pressure is large, inevitably has seawater to enter, and the accuracy of this interim mensuration before sampling can be affected; D () existing sampling thief extracts sampling thief pore water out by peristaltic pump, carry out gathering and measuring more than the water surface, the sampling of long-distance pipe transports, decay and the doping of the elementary composition of pore water sample can be caused, affect measurement result, and measure and there is certain hysteresis quality, the synchronism of each factor data can be affected; E () river mouth sea bed sedimentary deposit mostly is the less silt of the particle diameters such as silty clay, clayey silt, sandy clay and mud, simple with screen cloth with fritter slot and be difficult to silt and mud to isolate from outside sample inlet; F () estuarine water dynamic environment is complicated, the particularly reciprocating of wave, can make sampling pipe cause disturbance to be shifted, indirectly cause sedimental disturbance.Therefore, existing pore water sampler is also not enough to meet the requirement carrying out pore water monitoring at Tidal resuspension on structure and the method for sampling.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned technical matters, the invention provides a kind of structure simple, easy to operate, control flexibly, adapt to wide for offshore, estuarine deposit pore water monitoring instrument.
The present invention is specifically realized by following technical scheme:
For a monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, comprise from bottom to top connected by threaded coaxial conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe, the first supervisor, the second supervisor, reducing transfer tube, extension tube, T-shaped handle,
The tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe is symmetrically arranged with the water inlet of band filtering layer, is welded with a seal diaphragm in the inner chamber of described water inlet chamber pipe near the first supervisor side, the chamber described dividing plate being provided with the inner chamber being communicated with water inlet chamber pipe crosses the mouth of a river;
In the inner chamber of described first supervisor, from top to down is fixedly installed monitoring probe and solenoid valve, the entrance of described solenoid valve connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube and crosses the mouth of a river, export the probe water inlet being connected monitoring probe by size conversion plastic interface and another section first silicone tube, described monitoring probe water delivering orifice is by connecting speed governing peristaltic pump through the second silicone tube of the through hole of the first supervisor, the second supervisor, extension tube, T-shaped handle successively.
Further, the accessory erecting frame for stationary monitoring probe and solenoid valve is provided with in described first supervisor, described accessory erecting frame comprises iron plate that vertical symmetrically arranged xsect is arc, is fixed on described iron plate top, the C shape upper mounted plate of centre and bottom and middle fixed head, circular base plate successively, described circular base plate is provided with for the bottom screw hole of Motionless electromagnetic valve and crosses for chamber the bottom hole passed at the mouth of a river.
Further, described conehead section comprises coaxial solid conehead and ladder solid cylinder, described ladder solid cylinder butt end is provided with external thread, described ladder solid cylinder taper end is provided with pole perforating hole, pole perforating hole is used for tightening or turning on conehead, in case conehead cannot be outwarded winding under effect of water pressure, conehead section there are solid conehead and a ladder solid cylinder are connected as a single entity, conduct oneself with dignity by means of instrument, solid conehead makes monitoring instrument more easily insert in sedimentary deposit, and solid cylinder plays the effect reducing water inlet cavity volume.
Further, the inwall at described water inlet chamber pipe two ends is provided with internal thread, and on the tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe, relative water inlet goes out to be provided with the groove for installing filtering layer, and the bottom of described groove is provided with the screw hole for fixing filtering layer.
Further, described filtering layer is made up of four layers of filtering layer from outside to inside: the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 3mm aperture circular hole net, 0.5mm ~ 0.063mm fine pore stainless steel filter screen, 2 micron pore size, 3mm aperture circular hole net.
Further, the upper end inwall of described reducing transfer tube is provided with the internal thread connecting extension tube, lower end is provided with the external thread that connection second is responsible for, the middle part of described reducing transfer tube is fixedly installed instrument and draws and hang disk, and described instrument draws to hang on disk and is provided with along the equally distributed circular hole of its concentric circles.
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, comprise the following steps:
A (), in predetermined sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument inserts the sedimentary deposit degree of depth, determine the quantity of described first supervisor, the second supervisor and extension tube;
B conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe, filtering layer, accessory erecting frame, described first supervisor, described second supervisor of respective numbers, reducing transfer tube fit together by (), and coat the vacuum silicon grease of sealing, tie up instrument with hawser again to draw and hang in the circular hole of disk, slowly hang in seawater, arrive respective water depth and instrument reach stable after, increase the quantity of extension tube again, until instrument is put into sea bed;
C () is inserted in T-shaped handle in extension tube, monitoring instrument be pressed in sedimentary deposit by deadweight, if sedimentary deposit is comparatively hard, then uses the T-shaped handle of hammer, makes instrument insert predetermined depth in sedimentary deposit;
D the live wire of cable is connected with power supply with zero line and battery valve power lead by (), other wiring access probe display of cable, and connects in notebook computer by RS485 communication interface; By in the second silicone tube access speed governing peristaltic pump;
If e () monitoring location offshore is comparatively near, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is little, then the weight by self is fixed; If on monitoring location wave to instrument produce comparatively large disturbances time, the hawser tied up on circular hole is fixed on sea bed, to strengthen the anti-wave ability of instrument;
F () starts monitoring: allow solenoid valve connect electricity and open, and allow peristaltic pump start working, pore water is made slowly to enter into water chamber pipe according to certain speed, change to some extent Deng material composition data in notebook computer, start data measured by record monitoring probe automatically, realize continuously pore water material composition data monitoring fast;
G () if desired carries out multilayer monitoring, order instrument being deep into lower floor from upper strata is then needed to monitor, by closed electromagnetic valve deeply, utilize peristaltic pump to extract instrument out and cross pore water in aquaporin, repeat previous step after entering lower floor and carry out pore water monitoring or collection;
H the cable and silicone tube that connect electronic equipment, after monitoring completes, disconnect, utilize hawser that instrument is up pulled away from sedimentary deposit, collection apparatus by ().
The present invention compared to existing technology, has following beneficial effect:
The present invention can resist the hydrodynamism of river mouth complexity, adapt to the operating environment of Tidal resuspension different water depth, little to sedimentary deposit disturbance, can fast, continue, efficiently and accurately gather and monitor the pore water of different time or the different sedimentary deposit degree of depth, hierarchical monitor resolution is high, and Real-time Monitoring Data can be carried out recording and processing, specifically comprise:
(1) theoretical based on traditional negative-pressure ward, use silicone tube as crossing aquaporin, improving pore water relies on merely surface pressure difference inside and outside sampling thief to enter the dynamic feature of monitoring instrument, use speed governing peristaltic pump and solenoid control pore water pumping velocity, can, in the different depth of water, avoid pore water to enter too fast, can the change of fast monitored pore water material composition, the consumption of required pore water can be reduced again, reduce the scope that pore water collects, improve layering resolution;
(2) be deep into lower floor in monitoring instrument from upper strata and carry out the monitoring initial stage, the use of solenoid valve and peristaltic pump effectively can limit the lower floor's pore water newly entered and mix with original upper strata pore water, improves the work efficiency at different depth position monitoring pore water;
(3) use accessory erecting frame that monitoring probe is placed on instrument internal, can pore water material composition be continued, be monitored fast and efficiently, obtain hole water substance component change procedure in time, shorten the response time measuring pore water material composition, and avoid the hysteresis quality of measurement data;
(4) between the screen pack of small-bore, place miillpore filter, intercept fine sediment, and with the installation method of screw, can change filter membrane simply;
(5) on instrument, welding is drawn and is hung disk, hawser or pull bar can be tied up on four holes, manpower can be utilized when transferring or reclaim or draw loop wheel machine tool to draw and hang instrument, when the disturbance of wave is larger, can will be that hawser is thereon anchored on surrounding sea bed, to strengthen the anti-wave ability of instrument.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the complete assembling schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is conehead section, water inlet chamber, first supervisor and the assembling schematic diagram of accessory erecting frame of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the conehead segment structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the water inlet chamber schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the water inlet chamber schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is that schematic diagram is looked on a water inlet chamber left side for the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 be in Fig. 4 of the embodiment of the present invention C-C to cross-sectional schematic.
Fig. 8 is first supervisor's structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is second supervisor's structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the reducing transfer tube schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 11 is the reducing transfer tube schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 12 be in Figure 10 I-I to cross-sectional schematic.
Figure 13 is the extension tube structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the T-shaped handle schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 15 is the T-shaped handle schematic top plan view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 16 is that schematic diagram is looked on a T-shaped handle left side for the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 17 is the accessory erecting frame schematic front view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 18 is that schematic diagram is looked on an accessory erecting frame left side for the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 19 be in Figure 17 G-G to cross-sectional schematic.
Figure 20 be in Figure 17 D-D to cross-sectional schematic.
Figure 21 be in Figure 17 E-E to cross-sectional schematic.
Figure 22 be in Figure 17 F-F to cross-sectional schematic.
In figure: the solid conehead of 1-; 2-external thread; 3-internal thread; 4-ladder solid cylinder; 5-water inlet; 6-chamber crosses the mouth of a river; 7-groove; 8-screw hole; 9-instrument draws and hangs disk; 10-circular hole; 11-handle through hole; 12-bottom screw hole; 13-bottom hole; 14-chassis; Fixed head in 15-; 16-upper mounted plate; 17-iron plate; 18-first silicone tube; 19-solenoid valve; 20-size conversion plastic interface; 21-power of electromagnetic valve line; 22-pops one's head in water inlet; 23-monitoring probe; 24-second silicone tube; 25-cable; 26-accessory erecting frame; 27-water inlet chamber pipe; 28-first is responsible for; 29-second is responsible for; 30-reducing transfer tube; 31-extension tube; 32-T type handle; 33-dividing plate; 34-pole perforating hole; 35-filtering layer.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail object of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, embodiment can not repeat one by one at this, but therefore embodiments of the present invention are not defined in following examples.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, a kind of monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, comprise the conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe 27, first supervisor 28 (see Fig. 8), the second supervisor 29 (see Fig. 9), reducing transfer tube 30, extension tube 31, the T-shaped handle 32 that are from bottom to top connected by threaded coaxial
The tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe 27 is symmetrically arranged with the water inlet 5 of band filtering layer 35, be welded with a seal diaphragm 33 near the first supervisor 28 sides in the inner chamber of described water inlet chamber pipe 27, the chamber described dividing plate 33 being provided with the inner chamber being communicated with water inlet chamber pipe 27 crosses the mouth of a river 6;
Monitoring probe 23 and solenoid valve 19 from top to bottom is fixedly installed in the inner chamber of described first supervisor 28, the entrance of described solenoid valve 19 connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube 18 and crosses the mouth of a river 6, outlet connects the probe water inlet 22 of monitoring probe 23 by size conversion plastic interface 20 and another section first silicone tube 18, described monitoring probe 23 water delivering orifice is by connecting speed governing peristaltic pump through the second silicone tube 24 of the through hole 11 of the first supervisor 28, second supervisor 29, extension tube 31, T-shaped handle 32 successively.
As shown in FIG. 17 to 22, the accessory erecting frame 26 for stationary monitoring probe 23 and solenoid valve 19 is provided with in described first supervisor 28, described accessory erecting frame 26 comprises iron plate 17 that vertical symmetrically arranged xsect is arc, is fixed on described iron plate 17 top, the C shape upper mounted plate 16 of centre and bottom and middle fixed head 15, circular base plate 14 successively, described circular base plate 14 is provided with for the bottom screw hole 12 of Motionless electromagnetic valve 19 and crosses for chamber the bottom hole 13 passed at the mouth of a river 6.
As shown in Figure 3, described conehead section comprises coaxial solid conehead 1 and ladder solid cylinder 4, described ladder solid cylinder 4 butt end is provided with external thread 2, described ladder solid cylinder 4 taper end is provided with pole perforating hole 34, pole perforating hole is used for tightening or turning on conehead, in case conehead cannot be outwarded winding under effect of water pressure, conehead section there are solid conehead 1 and a ladder solid cylinder 4 are connected as a single entity, conduct oneself with dignity by means of instrument, solid conehead 1 makes monitoring instrument more easily insert in sedimentary deposit, and solid cylinder plays the effect reducing water inlet cavity volume.
As shown in Figures 4 to 7, the inwall at described water inlet chamber pipe 27 two ends is provided with internal thread 3, on the tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe 27, relative water inlet 5 goes out to be provided with the groove 7 for installing filtering layer 35, and the bottom of described groove is provided with the screw hole 8 for fixing filtering layer 35.
In the present embodiment; described filtering layer 35 is made up of four layers of filtering layer from outside to inside: the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 3mm aperture circular hole net, 0.5mm ~ 0.063mm fine pore stainless steel filter screen, 2 micron pore size, 3mm aperture circular hole net; large and small bore filter net plays protection miillpore filter and is not subject to silt destruction, and miillpore filter can completely cut off fine sediment.
As shown in Figure 10 to Figure 12, the upper end inwall of described reducing transfer tube 30 is provided with the internal thread 3 connecting extension tube 31, lower end is provided with the external thread 2 that connection second is responsible for 29, the middle part of described reducing transfer tube 30 is fixedly installed instrument and draws and hang disk 9, and described instrument draws to hang on disk 9 and is provided with along the equally distributed circular hole 10 of its concentric circles.
Conehead section, the water inlet chamber pipe 27, respectively supervisor and accessory erecting frame 26 etc. of the present embodiment use stainless steel material, and extension tube 31, reducing transfer tube 30, instrument draw and hang the use such as disk 9, T-shaped handle 32 aluminum alloy materials.
The external thread 2 of conehead section (Fig. 1) carries out forming water inlet chamber together with screw engagement with the internal thread 3 of water inlet chamber pipe 27 (Fig. 2) lower end.
Water inlet 5 is positioned in the middle part of water chamber pipe 27, has four inlet of a rectangular conduits 5 being of a size of 40mm*30mm circumferentially, and has the groove 7 and screw hole 8 of installing filter element.
Each supervisor (Fig. 8, Fig. 9) is internal diameter is 60mm, external diameter is the pipe of 76mm, the internal thread 3 of water inlet chamber pipe 27 upper end and the external thread 2 of the first supervisor 28 carry out screw engagement, the joint quantity of the second supervisor 29 (Fig. 5) can be increased according to sampling depth, every section of supervisor long 500mm during assembling.
Extension tube 31 (Figure 13) is internal diameter is 30mm, and external diameter is the pipe of 46mm, every section of long 500mm of pipe, can increase the joint quantity of extension rod 31 during assembling according to the depth of water.
Second supervisor 29 and extension tube 31 are threadably engaged in reducing transfer tube 30, the long 150mm of reducing transfer tube 30.
Described instrument draws and hangs disk 9 and be welded on reducing transfer tube 30, can by rope or pull bar by instrument lifting and fixing.
T-shaped handle 32 can be enclosed within extension tube 31 topmost, is used in extrusion apparatus insertion sedimentary deposit, and the too firmly all right T-shaped handle 32 of hammering of sedimentary deposit makes main tube part can be inserted into the predetermined monitoring degree of depth.
The circular base plate 14 of accessory erecting frame 26 (Fig. 9) is used for installing Motionless electromagnetic valve 19, and upper mounted plate 16 and middle fixed head 15 are used for placing monitoring probe, and upper mounted plate 16 and middle fixed head 15, circular base plate 14 two iron plates 17 support.
Pore water suction control section includes miniature electromagnetic valve 19, silicone tube 18, speed governing peristaltic pump.Monitoring part comprises the display of material composition monitoring probe 23, cable 25 and data and register system.
Solenoid valve 19 is used for controlling the turnover of water in water inlet chamber pipe 27; Each silicone tube is that pore water enters monitoring probe and drains into the passage outside instrument; Speed governing peristaltic pump can enter the speed into water chamber according to the seepage velocity adjustment apertures water in sedimentary deposit, avoid pore water to enter too fast and too large to the sedimentary deposit generation disturbance of chamber; Monitoring probe 23 can be selected according to monitoring component type, conductivity probe, PH probe etc.; Data display and record coefficient are then in the signal data RS485 communication interface access laptop computer detected by monitoring probe 23, to be recorded and process by the software worked out voluntarily to data.
the monitoring instrument assembling flow path that the present embodiment provides is as follows:
A screen pack and miillpore filter are arranged in the screw hole 8 before water inlet 5 as filtering layer 35 screw by ();
B solenoid valve 19 is arranged in the bottom screw hole 12 on accessory erecting frame 26 by () with screw, accessory erecting frame 26 is put on the dividing plate 33 in the first supervisor 28, the mouth of a river 6 is crossed facing to chamber in bottom hole 13, on the water inlet being connected on the mouth of a river 6 and battery valve 19 with the first silicone tube 18 and water delivering orifice, and with pipe clamp banding interface;
C () is according to probe size, monitoring probe 23 is put on middle fixed head 15 or upper mounted plate 16 fixing, probe water inlet 22 place is connected on one section of first silicone tube 18, use pipe clamp banding, be connected between one section of first silicone tube 18 of battery valve 19 water delivering orifice and one section of first silicone tube 18 being connected on probe water inlet 22 place and connect with size conversion plastic interface 20, and be connected in the water delivering orifice of monitoring probe 23 with the second silicone tube 24;
D () be rubber seal on external thread 2 overlaps, by the first supervisor 28 access water inlet chamber pipe, according to the degree of depth inserting sedimentary deposit, determine that the quantity of 29 is responsible in access second, spin in the double rubber seal of putting into of each supervisor;
E () overlaps rubber seal at the external thread 2 of conehead section, conehead section spun into entering in water chamber pipe 27, and is screwed with in thin iron rod insertion pole perforating hole 34;
F () puts into rubber seal on the external thread 2 of reducing transfer tube 30, in its precession being responsible for, in small-caliber end access extension tube 31;
G T-shaped handle 32 is finally enclosed within uppermost extension rod 31 by (), by cable 25, second silicone tube 24, battery valve power lead 21 through each pipe, stretch out outside monitoring instrument from T-shaped handle through hole 11.
the pore water monitoring method that the present embodiment provides is as follows:
A (), in predetermined sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument inserts the sedimentary deposit degree of depth, determining that the first supervisor 28, second is responsible for the quantity of 29 and extension tube 31;
B () is according to above-mentioned assembling flow path, conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe 27, filtering layer 35, accessory erecting frame 26, first supervisor 28, the second supervisor 29 of respective numbers, reducing transfer tube 30 are fitted together, coat the vacuum silicon grease of sealing, tie up instrument with hawser again to draw and hang in the circular hole 10 of disk 9, slowly hang in seawater, arrive respective water depth and instrument reach stable after, then increase the quantity of extension tube 31, until instrument is put into sea bed;
C () is inserted in T-shaped handle 32 in extension tube 31, monitoring instrument be pressed in sedimentary deposit by deadweight, if sedimentary deposit is comparatively hard, then uses the T-shaped handle 32 of hammer, makes instrument insert predetermined depth in sedimentary deposit;
D the live wire of cable 25 is connected with power supply with zero line and battery valve power lead 21 by (), other wiring access probe display of cable 25, and connects in notebook computer by RS485 communication interface; Second silicone tube 24 is accessed in speed governing peristaltic pump;
If e () monitoring location offshore is comparatively near, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is little, then the weight by self is fixed; If on monitoring location wave to instrument produce comparatively large disturbances time, the hawser tied up on circular hole 10 is fixed on sea bed, to strengthen the anti-wave ability of instrument;
F () starts monitoring: allow solenoid valve 19 connect electricity and open, and allow peristaltic pump start working, pore water is made slowly to enter into water chamber pipe 27 according to certain speed, change to some extent Deng material composition data in notebook computer, start data measured by record monitoring probe 23 automatically, realize continuously pore water material composition data monitoring fast; Wherein said solenoid valve 19 be energized often open, power-off close solenoid valve, instrument is inserted in the process of predetermined depth, although outside water pressure increases, the volume of air in water inlet chamber pipe 27 can be compressed, make the outer seawater of instrument enter chamber, but described solenoid valve 19 is cut out, and chamber pipe 27 volume of intaking is little, add the obstruct of filtering layer 35, enter into the seawater amount in water chamber pipe 27 very little, little on monitoring result impact;
G () if desired carries out multilayer monitoring, order instrument being deep into lower floor from upper strata is then needed to monitor, by closed electromagnetic valve deeply, utilize peristaltic pump to extract instrument out and cross pore water in aquaporin, repeat previous step after entering lower floor and carry out pore water monitoring or collection;
H the cable and silicone tube that connect electronic equipment, after monitoring completes, disconnect, utilize hawser that instrument is up pulled away from sedimentary deposit, if instrument cannot pull out by manpower, then need the loop wheel machine on ship to be pulled out by instrument, and extension tube 31 separated, collection apparatus by ().
(i) the instrument removal of recovery is cleaned with distilled water.
The above embodiment of the present invention is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and is not the restriction to embodiments of the present invention.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent to replace and improvement etc., within the protection domain that all should be included in the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterized in that: comprise the conehead section from bottom to top connected by threaded coaxial, chamber pipe (27) of intaking, the first supervisor (28), the second supervisor (29), reducing transfer tube (30), extension tube (31), T-shaped handle (32)
The tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe (27) is symmetrically arranged with the water inlet (5) of band filtering layer (35), be welded with a seal diaphragm (33) near first supervisor (28) side in the inner chamber of described water inlet chamber pipe (27), the chamber described dividing plate (33) being provided with the inner chamber being communicated with water inlet chamber pipe (27) crosses the mouth of a river (6);
In the inner chamber of described first supervisor (28), from top to down is fixedly installed monitoring probe (23) and solenoid valve (19), the entrance of described solenoid valve (19) connects chamber by one section of first silicone tube (18) and crosses the mouth of a river (6), export the probe water inlet (22) being connected monitoring probe (23) by size conversion plastic interface (20) and another section first silicone tube (18), described monitoring probe (23) water delivering orifice is by being responsible for (28) through first successively, second supervisor (29), extension tube (31), second silicone tube (24) of the through hole (11) of T-shaped handle (32) connects speed governing peristaltic pump.
2. the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described first supervisor (28), be provided with the accessory erecting frame (26) for fixing described monitoring probe (23) and described solenoid valve (19), described accessory erecting frame (26) comprises the iron plate (17) that vertical symmetrically arranged xsect is arc, be fixed on described iron plate (17) top successively, the C shape upper mounted plate (16) of middle and bottom and middle fixed head (15) and circular base plate (14), described circular base plate (14) is provided with for described Motionless electromagnetic valve (19) bottom screw hole (12) and describedly cross the bottom hole (13) passed at the mouth of a river (6) for chamber.
3. the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described conehead section comprises coaxial solid conehead (1) and ladder solid cylinder (4), described ladder solid cylinder (4) butt end is provided with external thread (2), and described ladder solid cylinder (4) taper end is provided with pole perforating hole (34).
4. the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the inwall at described water inlet chamber pipe (27) two ends is provided with internal thread (3), on the tube wall of described water inlet chamber pipe (27), relatively described water inlet (5) goes out to be provided with the groove (7) for installing described filtering layer (35), and the bottom of described groove is provided with the screw hole (8) for fixing described filtering layer (35).
5., according to the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water that claim 4 is stated, it is characterized in that: described filtering layer (35) is made up of four layers of filtering layer from outside to inside: the polypropylene microporous filter membrane of 3mm aperture circular hole net, 0.5mm ~ 0.063mm fine pore stainless steel filter screen, 2 micron pore size, 3mm aperture circular hole net.
6. the monitoring instrument for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the upper end inwall of described reducing transfer tube (30) is provided with the internal thread (3) connecting described extension tube (31), lower end is provided with the external thread (2) that (29) are responsible in connection second, the middle part of described reducing transfer tube (30) is fixedly installed instrument and draws and hang disk (9), and described instrument draws to hang on disk (9) and is provided with along the equally distributed circular hole of its concentric circles (10).
7., for a monitoring method for offshore and estuarine deposit pore water, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
A (), in predetermined sample detecting place, sounds the depth of the water and determines that instrument inserts the sedimentary deposit degree of depth, determine that described first supervisor (28), second is responsible for the quantity of (29) and extension tube (31);
B conehead section, water inlet chamber pipe (27), filtering layer (35), accessory erecting frame (26), described first supervisor (28), described second supervisor (29) of respective numbers, reducing transfer tube (30) fit together by (), and coat the vacuum silicon grease of sealing, tying up instrument with hawser again draws in the circular hole (10) hanging disk (9), slowly hang in seawater, arrive respective water depth and instrument reach stable after, increase the quantity of extension tube (31) again, until instrument is put into sea bed;
C () is inserted in T-shaped handle (32) in extension tube (31), monitoring instrument be pressed in sedimentary deposit by deadweight, if sedimentary deposit is comparatively hard, then uses the T-shaped handle of hammer (32), makes instrument insert predetermined depth in sedimentary deposit;
D the live wire of cable (25) is connected with power supply with zero line and battery valve power lead (21) by (), other wiring access probe display of cable (25), and connects in notebook computer by RS485 communication interface; By in the second silicone tube (24) access speed governing peristaltic pump;
If e () monitoring location offshore is comparatively near, the depth of water is shallow, and stormy waves is little, then the weight by self is fixed; If on monitoring location wave to instrument produce comparatively large disturbances time, the hawser tied up on circular hole (10) is fixed on sea bed, to strengthen the anti-wave ability of instrument;
F () starts monitoring: allow solenoid valve (19) connect electricity and open, and allow peristaltic pump start working, pore water is made slowly to enter into water chamber pipe (27) according to certain speed, change to some extent Deng material composition data in notebook computer, start automatically to record the measured data of monitoring probe (23), realize continuously pore water material composition data monitoring fast;
G () if desired carries out multilayer monitoring, order instrument being deep into lower floor from upper strata is then needed to monitor, by closed electromagnetic valve deeply, utilize peristaltic pump to extract instrument out and cross pore water in aquaporin, repeat previous step after entering lower floor and carry out pore water monitoring or collection;
H the cable and silicone tube that connect electronic equipment, after monitoring completes, disconnect, utilize hawser that instrument is up pulled away from sedimentary deposit, collection apparatus by ().
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| CN107941562A (en) * | 2017-12-04 | 2018-04-20 | 李广素 | A kind of hydraulic engineering water quality silt content sampler |
| CN109946119A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | 中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所 | The micro- plastics layered sampling device of boat-carrying |
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