JP7548515B2 - Fluid sampling apparatus - Google Patents
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- JP7548515B2 JP7548515B2 JP2023119618A JP2023119618A JP7548515B2 JP 7548515 B2 JP7548515 B2 JP 7548515B2 JP 2023119618 A JP2023119618 A JP 2023119618A JP 2023119618 A JP2023119618 A JP 2023119618A JP 7548515 B2 JP7548515 B2 JP 7548515B2
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 161
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical group O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005325 percolation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031018 biological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004177 carbon cycle Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010037844 rash Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C13/00—Surveying specially adapted to open water, e.g. sea, lake, river or canal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
本発明は、海洋流体のモニタリングと採取の技術分野に関し、特に、流体試料採取の装置に関する。 The present invention relates to the technical field of marine fluid monitoring and collection, and in particular to devices for fluid sampling .
深海、特に海底冷泉と海底熱水内の大量の深部流体が上向きに輸送されており、海底堆積物界面の下から、水、炭化水素、硫化水素、細粒堆積物を主な成分とする流体が噴出又は浸透方式で海底から溢れ出しており、特に、天然ガスハイドレートシステム内において、流体（例えばメタンガス）活動が非常に頻繁である。これらの流体は、堆積物-水界面を通って水域環境に入り、一連の物理的、化学的、生物学的作用を生じさせ、地球の炭素循環、生物／微生物の生命活動、海洋化学の変化等に重要な役割を果たしている。そのため、堆積物－水界面での流体の流束について、正確、原位置、有効なモニタリング及び科学的研究を実施することは、特に重要である。 A large amount of deep fluids in the deep sea, especially in submarine cold springs and submarine hydrothermal fluids, are transported upward, and fluids mainly composed of water, hydrocarbons, hydrogen sulfide, and fine sediments are overflowing from the seafloor below the seafloor sediment interface by means of eruptions or seeps. In particular, fluid (e.g., methane gas) activity is very frequent in natural gas hydrate systems. These fluids enter the aquatic environment through the sediment-water interface and cause a series of physical, chemical, and biological processes, which play important roles in the global carbon cycle, biological/microbial life activities, changes in ocean chemistry, etc. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out accurate, in situ, and effective monitoring and scientific research of fluid fluxes at the sediment-water interface.
現在、流体の流束を測定する方法は、主にビデオ画像認識法、マルチビーム水域法、ソナー法などの様々な方法があり、流体試料もある程度採取できるが、これらの採取作業方法は通常、水中ロボットと組み合わせて使用する必要があるので、普遍的に次のような欠点がある。すなわち、第一に、作業時間が短く、作業量が比較的小さく、長期間作業が可能であっても、作業過程で継続的なモニタリング又は繰り返し引き揚げ設備を必要とし、多くの人手、物資、財源を消費するだけでなく、高品質で効率的に長期時系列の試料採集タスクを完了することが困難である。第二に、補助的設備への要求が高く、コストが高額で、試料採取と流束のモニタリングを完了するには、それぞれ試料採取設備及び流束モニタリング設備が必要である。 At present, there are various methods for measuring fluid flux, mainly including video image recognition method, multi-beam water area method, sonar method, etc., and fluid samples can also be collected to a certain extent. However, these collection work methods usually need to be used in conjunction with underwater robots, and generally have the following disadvantages: First, even if the work time is short, the work volume is relatively small, and long-term work is possible, continuous monitoring or repeated salvage equipment is required during the work process, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, materials and financial resources, but also makes it difficult to complete long-term time-series sample collection tasks with high quality and efficiency. Second, the requirements for auxiliary equipment are high and the costs are high, and sample collection equipment and flux monitoring equipment are required to complete sample collection and flux monitoring, respectively.
流体活動は、海洋地質、特に、天然ガスハイドレートシステム及び油ガスシステムの活動の重要な指標であり、試料採取は、流束のモニタリングを有機的に結合すると、研究効率を向上でき、同時にハイドレート及び油ガスの２つのシステムをより結合することができるため、将来性が高く期待されている。 Fluid activity is an important indicator of marine geology, particularly the activity of natural gas hydrate systems and oil and gas systems. Sampling, when organically combined with flux monitoring, can improve research efficiency while at the same time better connecting the two systems of hydrate and oil and gas, making it a promising field.
本発明は、従来技術の不足に着目し、流体の流束モニタリングと流体試料採取の結合問題を解決できる流体の流束モニタリングと流体試料採取の装置及び方法を提供する。 The present invention addresses the shortcomings of the prior art and provides an apparatus and method for fluid flux monitoring and fluid sampling that can solve the problem of combining fluid flux monitoring and fluid sampling.
流体の流束モニタリング及び流体試料採取の装置であって、主流管と、第１微細径管と、第２微細径管と、液体吸引組立体と、トレーサー排出組立体とを備え、主流管の両端は開口され、第１微細径管の一端は主流管に連通され、他端が液体吸引組立体に連通され、第２微細径管の一端は主流管に連通され、第２微細径管の他端が液体吸引組立体に連通され、液体吸引組立体は第１微細径管及び第２微細径管中の液体を吸引することで、第１微細径管及び第２微細径管に浸透作用を生じさせ、主流管から流体試料及びトレーサーを吸収するために用いられ、トレーサー排出組立体は第１微細径管と主流管との連通位置と第２微細径管と主流管との連通位置との間で連通され、主流管にトレーサーを排出するために用いられ、第１微細径管及び第２微細径管は異なる時期のトレーサーの濃度に応じて異なる時期の流体の流束をモニタリングするため、トレーサー及び流体を吸収し、異なる期間の流体及びトレーサーを分けて保管するために用いられる。 A fluid flux monitoring and fluid sampling device comprising a mainstream pipe, a first fine tube, a second fine tube, a liquid suction assembly, and a tracer discharge assembly, both ends of the mainstream pipe being open, one end of the first fine tube being connected to the mainstream pipe and the other end being connected to the liquid suction assembly, one end of the second fine tube being connected to the mainstream pipe and the other end of the second fine tube being connected to the liquid suction assembly, and the liquid suction assembly suctions the liquid in the first fine tube and the second fine tube, thereby performing a penetration action in the first fine tube and the second fine tube. The tracer discharge assembly is used to absorb a fluid sample and a tracer from the mainstream pipe, and is connected between a communication position between the first fine pipe and the mainstream pipe and a communication position between the second fine pipe and the mainstream pipe, and is used to discharge the tracer into the mainstream pipe, and the first fine pipe and the second fine pipe are used to absorb the tracer and fluid and to separately store the fluid and the tracer for different periods in order to monitor the flux of the fluid at different times according to the concentration of the tracer at different times.
さらに、前記液体吸引組立体は、密閉式圧力チャンバーを備え、前記トレーサー排出組立体はトレーサーを格納する不透水袋を備え、不透水袋が密閉式圧力チャンバーに内設され、密閉式圧力チャンバーを通過して主流管に連通され、密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間の環状空間が第１微細径管及び第２微細径管内の液体を吸収できる物質を保管し、第１微細径管及び第２微細径管が両方とも環状空間に連通され、前記物質は液体を吸収して不透水袋を圧迫して不透水袋内のトレーサーを主流管に押し出すために用いられる。 Furthermore, the liquid suction assembly includes a sealed pressure chamber, and the tracer discharge assembly includes an impermeable bag for storing a tracer, the impermeable bag is disposed within the sealed pressure chamber and communicates with the mainstream pipe through the sealed pressure chamber, the annular space between the sealed pressure chamber and the impermeable bag stores a material capable of absorbing liquid in the first fine tube and the second fine tube, both the first fine tube and the second fine tube communicate with the annular space, and the material is used to absorb the liquid and press the impermeable bag to push the tracer in the impermeable bag into the mainstream pipe.
さらに、第１コイルボビンと、第２コイルボビンとをさらに備え、第１コイルボビン及び第２コイルボビンは、上蓋板に連結され、第１微細径管が第１コイルボビンに巻回して設けられ、第２微細径管が第２コイルボビンに巻回して設けられる。 Furthermore, the coil winding further includes a first coil bobbin and a second coil bobbin, the first coil bobbin and the second coil bobbin are connected to the upper cover plate, the first fine diameter tube is wound around the first coil bobbin, and the second fine diameter tube is wound around the second coil bobbin.
さらに、密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間の環状空間に保管される物質は、飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン及び固形塩化ナトリウムで、第１微細径管及び第２微細径管内の液体が脱イオン水である。 Furthermore, the substances stored in the annular space between the sealed pressure chamber and the water-impermeable bag are saturated sodium chloride brine and solid sodium chloride, and the liquid in the first fine tube and the second fine tube is deionized water.
さらに、前記主流管の一端の開口部は、ターゲットエリアに向けて曲げ、流体が主流管に入るようにする。 In addition, an opening at one end of the main pipe is bent toward the target area to allow fluid to enter the main pipe.
さらに、水域の物理的パラメータを測定するための水温・塩分・深度センサーも備える。 In addition, it is equipped with water temperature, salinity and depth sensors to measure the physical parameters of the water body.
さらに、上蓋板と、基台とを含むベースシステムも備え、主流管、密閉式圧力チャンバーは、上蓋板に固結され、上蓋板に流量出入口が穿設され、主流管は流量出入口を介して基台に連通され、上蓋板が基台に連結され、基台は試料回収システム及びパーコレーションシステムを支持するために用いられる。 Furthermore, a base system including a top cover plate and a base is provided, the main flow pipe and the sealed pressure chamber are fixed to the top cover plate, a flow inlet/outlet is drilled in the top cover plate, the main flow pipe is connected to the base via the flow inlet/outlet, the top cover plate is connected to the base, and the base is used to support the sample recovery system and the percolation system.
さらに、前記ベースシステムは、基台の上蓋板から離れる端に連結され、ターゲットエリアに挿入されて、基台内部とターゲットエリアに密閉空間を形成させるための密封環も備える。 The base system further includes a sealing ring that is connected to the end of the base away from the top cover plate and is inserted into the target area to form an airtight space inside the base and in the target area.
さらに、前記ベースシステムは、基台内に設けられ、流体が通過するため多孔質バッフルも備える。 The base system further includes a porous baffle disposed within the base for the passage of fluid therethrough.
流体の流束モニタリング及び流体試料採取の方法であって、以下の構成を有する。すなわち、
密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間に設けられた環状空間は、第１微細径チューブ及び第２微細径チューブの水を吸収し、第１微細径チューブ及び第２微細径チューブがそれぞれ同じ数値の浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２を生成するようにし、同時に密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間に設けられた環状空間の物質が吸水した後密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間の環状空間の体積を増大させ、不透水袋を圧迫し、不透水袋内のトレーサーが第３微細径チューブを経由して主流管内に押し出されるステップ１、
第１微細径チューブ及び第２微細径チューブは、それぞれ主流管から流体及びトレーサーを吸収するステップ２、及び
採取された異なる期間の第１微細径チューブ及び第２微細径チューブ内の流体試料に基づいて同じ期間の比較を行い、浸透率Ｐ１、浸透率Ｐ２及びトレーサー濃度に従って異なる期間の流体の流束を計算するステップ３。
1. A method for fluid flux monitoring and fluid sampling comprising:
Step 1: the annular space between the closed pressure chamber and the impermeable bag absorbs the water in the first fine tube and the second fine tube, so that the first fine tube and the second fine tube respectively generate the same permeability P1 and permeability P2. At the same time, the material in the annular space between the closed pressure chamber and the impermeable bag absorbs water, and increases the volume of the annular space between the closed pressure chamber and the impermeable bag, compressing the impermeable bag, so that the tracer in the impermeable bag is pushed into the mainstream pipe through the third fine tube.
Step 2: the first fine tube and the second fine tube respectively absorb the fluid and the tracer from the main pipe; and Step 3: based on the fluid samples collected in the first fine tube and the second fine tube at different periods, a comparison is made for the same periods, and the fluid fluxes for different periods are calculated according to the permeability P1, the permeability P2 and the tracer concentration.
本発明の有利な効果は、次の通りである。１、本発明は、上向き浸透流体及び下向き浸透流体を含む試料の採取及び流束のモニタリングを結合し、研究効率を高める。２、本発明は、その時点での流体移動状況及び大きさを還元することができる。３、本発明は、長周期の流体に対し試料採取及び流束モニタリングを行うことができ、本発明の装置を回収した後、長周期の流体をモニタリングすることができ、長周期過程中に常に注意を払う必要はない。４、本発明の得られた流体モニタリングデータはより正確である。 The advantageous effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention combines sampling and flux monitoring, including upward and downward infiltration fluids, to improve research efficiency. 2. The present invention can reduce the fluid movement situation and magnitude at that time. 3. The present invention can perform sampling and flux monitoring for long-period fluids, and after the device of the present invention is retrieved, the long-period fluids can be monitored, and there is no need to pay attention all the time during the long-period process. 4. The fluid monitoring data obtained by the present invention is more accurate.
以下に、添付の図面及び具体的実施形態を参照しつつ、本発明をさらに説明する。 The present invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
図１及び図２に示すように、本発明の装置は、ベースシステムと、試料回収システムと、パーコレーションシステムと、水温塩分センサーシステムと、敷設回収システムとを備える。 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the device of the present invention includes a base system, a sample recovery system, a percolation system, a water temperature and salinity sensor system, and a laying and recovery system.
前記ベースシステムは、本発明の装置の総重量を支えるために用いられる。ベースシステムは、密封環２４と、下蓋板２３と、多孔質バッフル２２と、基台３０とを備える。基台３０は、中空円筒構造で、前記密封環２４の上端と基台３０とは溶接方法で固結され、密封環２４の横断面が三角形で、三角形の密封環２４は密封環２４の下端が堆積層に挿入された時、基台３０と堆積層に密閉空間を形成させることが容易になり、堆積層から上方に浸透する流体は基台３０の内部に封じ込まれる。下蓋板２３は、基台３０の外側に周設され、基台３０を堆積層内に過度に沈みこませないために用いられる。前記多孔質バッフル２２は、基台３０の内表面に内設され、かつ連結され、塊状物質が基台３０を通過するのを遮断し、流体が基台３０を通過するのを可能にするために用いられ、また本発明の装置が着底した時に過度に沈降するのも防止できる。 The base system is used to support the total weight of the device of the present invention. The base system includes a seal ring 24, a lower cover plate 23, a porous baffle 22, and a base 30. The base 30 has a hollow cylindrical structure, and the upper end of the seal ring 24 and the base 30 are fixed by a welding method. The cross section of the seal ring 24 is triangular. When the lower end of the seal ring 24 is inserted into the sediment layer, the triangular seal ring 24 makes it easy to form an enclosed space between the base 30 and the sediment layer, and the fluid that permeates upward from the sediment layer is sealed inside the base 30. The lower cover plate 23 is installed around the outside of the base 30 and is used to prevent the base 30 from sinking excessively into the sediment layer. The porous baffle 22 is disposed within and connected to the inner surface of the base 30 and is used to block bulk material from passing through the base 30 and allow fluid to pass through the base 30, and also to prevent excessive settling when the device of the present invention is seated on the bottom.
前記試料回収システムは、第１試料回収システムと、第２試料回収システムとを備え、海中での流体浸透方式には上向き浸透及び下向き浸透が含まれ、第１試料回収システム及び第２試料回収システムは上向き浸透及び上向き浸透の流体に共同で試料を採取するために用いられ、試料回収システムの具体的な構造は次の通りである。 The sample recovery system includes a first sample recovery system and a second sample recovery system, and the underwater fluid penetration method includes upward penetration and downward penetration, and the first sample recovery system and the second sample recovery system are used to jointly collect samples from the upward penetration and upward penetration fluids, and the specific structure of the sample recovery system is as follows:
図１、図２及び図３に示すように、前記試料回収システムは、上蓋板２１と、流量出入口２０と、主流管１９と、第１支持ベース２９と、第１試料回収システムと、第２試料回収システムとを備える。前記上蓋板２１の下端は、基台３０の上端に連結され、流量出入口２０が上蓋板２１を貫通し、主流管１９の一端は下向きに曲げられて流量出入口２０に連通され、流量出入口２０の下端が基台３０に連通されるため、上向き浸透流体は基台３０に入った後、流体は流量出入口２０を経由して主流管１９に入る。流体の体積流束の変化量が少ない時、主流管１９の曲がり部で吸着堆積現象が起こり、曲がり部を目詰まりするため、前記主流管１９の流量出入口２０に近い端の曲がり部が流体移動経路を延長させるために一定の距離にわたって上方及び右に延び、流体の曲がり部での主流管１９の目詰まりを効果的に防止し、主流管１９の流動性を増し、本発明の長期作業にサポートを提供する。主流管１９の流量出入口２０から離れる端（すなわち、図中の主流管１９の一番左側）が開口され、流体も該開口部から主流管１９に入ることができる。前記第１支持ベース２９の一端は、主流管１９に連結され、他端が上蓋板２１に連結され、第１支持ベース２９は主流管１９を支持して主流管１９を上蓋板２１に固定させる。主流管１９本体の直径は、ミクロン径レベルに属す。ミクロン径とは直径がミクロンオーダであることを意味し、例えば従来技術内のキャピラリーチューブである。 1, 2 and 3, the sample recovery system includes an upper cover plate 21, a flow inlet/outlet 20, a main pipe 19, a first support base 29, a first sample recovery system, and a second sample recovery system. The lower end of the upper cover plate 21 is connected to the upper end of the base 30, the flow inlet/outlet 20 penetrates the upper cover plate 21, one end of the main pipe 19 is bent downward and connected to the flow inlet/outlet 20, and the lower end of the flow inlet/outlet 20 is connected to the base 30, so that after the upward infiltration fluid enters the base 30, the fluid enters the main pipe 19 through the flow inlet/outlet 20. When the change in volumetric flux of the fluid is small, an adsorption and deposition phenomenon occurs at the bend of the main pipe 19, causing the bend to become clogged. Therefore, the bend at the end of the main pipe 19 close to the flow inlet/outlet 20 extends upward and to the right for a certain distance to extend the fluid movement path, effectively preventing the main pipe 19 from becoming clogged at the bend of the fluid, increasing the fluidity of the main pipe 19, and providing support for the long-term operation of the present invention. The end of the main pipe 19 away from the flow inlet/outlet 20 (i.e., the leftmost side of the main pipe 19 in the figure) is opened, so that the fluid can also enter the main pipe 19 through the opening. One end of the first support base 29 is connected to the main pipe 19, and the other end is connected to the top cover plate 21. The first support base 29 supports the main pipe 19 and fixes the main pipe 19 to the top cover plate 21. The diameter of the main pipe 19 body belongs to the micron diameter level. Micron diameter means that the diameter is on the order of microns, for example, a capillary tube in the prior art.
前記第１試料回収システムは、第１弁ポート１８１と、第１微細径チューブ１６と、第１コイル軸１５１と、第１支柱１３１と、第２支柱１３２と、第１コイルボビン１２１と、第２コイルボビン１２２とを備え、第１弁ポート１８１は主流管１９に設けられ、主流管１９が第１弁ポート１８１を介して第１微細径チューブ１６に連通される。詳細は後述する。第１支柱１３１の一端は、上蓋板２１に連結され、他端が第１コイルボビン１２１に連結され、第１コイルボビン１２１が第１支柱１３１を介して上蓋板２１に固定され、第１コイルボビン１２１と第１支柱１３１との間がピンで枢結され、第１コイルボビン１２１は自体の軸方向に沿って回転することができる。上蓋板２１の別の位置において、第２支柱１３２、第２コイルボビン１２２も第１コイルボビン１２１と同じ固定方法で上蓋板２１に固定され、第１コイル軸１５１は第１コイルボビン１２１と第２コイルボビン１２２との間に設けられ、第１コイル軸１５１の一端は第１コイルボビン１２１に固結され、第１コイル軸１５１の他端が第２コイルボビン１２２に枢結され、第１コイル軸１５１は第１コイルボビンに対して自体の軸方向を中心に回転することができ、第１微細径チューブ１６は第１コイル軸１５１に数周巻回された後密閉式圧力チャンバー４に連通され、第１コイルボビン１２１及び第２コイルボビン１２２を回転して、微細径チューブを数周巻回することに利便性を提供する。第１コイル軸１５１は、第１微細径チューブ１６を数周巻回することを機能し、すなわち、第１微細径チューブ１６は海に沈めるのに十分な長さを有することができ、十分多い流体試料を十分長い期間で保管でき、本発明は年単位で流束のモニタリング及び流体試料採取を行うことができ、具体的には第１微細径チューブ１６に１年程度保管する。 The first sample recovery system includes a first valve port 181, a first fine tube 16, a first coil shaft 151, a first support 131, a second support 132, a first coil bobbin 121, and a second coil bobbin 122. The first valve port 181 is provided in the main pipe 19, and the main pipe 19 is connected to the first fine tube 16 through the first valve port 181. Details will be described later. One end of the first support 131 is connected to the top cover plate 21, and the other end is connected to the first coil bobbin 121, and the first coil bobbin 121 is fixed to the top cover plate 21 through the first support 131. The first coil bobbin 121 and the first support 131 are pivotally connected by a pin, and the first coil bobbin 121 can rotate along its own axial direction. At another position of the top cover plate 21, the second support 132 and the second coil bobbin 122 are also fixed to the top cover plate 21 in the same fixing manner as the first coil bobbin 121, the first coil shaft 151 is provided between the first coil bobbin 121 and the second coil bobbin 122, one end of the first coil shaft 151 is fixedly connected to the first coil bobbin 121 and the other end of the first coil shaft 151 is pivotally connected to the second coil bobbin 122, the first coil shaft 151 can rotate around its own axial direction relative to the first coil bobbin, the first fine tube 16 is wound around the first coil shaft 151 several times and then communicated with the sealed pressure chamber 4, and the first coil bobbin 121 and the second coil bobbin 122 can be rotated to wind the fine tube several times. The first coil shaft 151 functions to wind the first fine tube 16 several times, i.e., the first fine tube 16 can be long enough to be submerged in the ocean and can store a sufficiently large amount of fluid samples for a sufficiently long period of time, so that the present invention can monitor flux and collect fluid samples on a yearly basis, specifically, the samples are stored in the first fine tube 16 for about one year.
前記第２試料回収システムは、第２弁ポート１８２と、第２微細径チューブ１７と、第２コイル軸１５２と、第３支柱１３３と、第４支柱１３４と、第３コイルボビン１２３と、第４コイルボビン１２４とを備える。前記第２試料回収システムの構造は、第１試料回収システムの構造及び構成要素と全く同じで、第３コイルボビン１２３及び第３支柱１３３は上蓋板２１に一緒に固定され、第４コイルボビン１２４及び第４支柱１３４も上蓋板２１に一緒に固定され、第２コイル軸１５２の一端は第３コイルボビン１２３に固結され、他端が第４コイルボビン１２４に枢結され、第２微細径チューブ１７の一端は第２弁ポート１８２を介して主流管１９に連結され、他端が第２コイル軸１５２に数周巻回された後で密閉式圧力チャンバー４内に連通される。 The second sample recovery system includes a second valve port 182, a second fine tube 17, a second coil shaft 152, a third support 133, a fourth support 134, a third coil bobbin 123, and a fourth coil bobbin 124. The structure of the second sample recovery system is exactly the same as the structure and components of the first sample recovery system, and the third coil bobbin 123 and the third support 133 are fixed together to the top cover plate 21, and the fourth coil bobbin 124 and the fourth support 134 are also fixed together to the top cover plate 21. One end of the second coil shaft 152 is fixed to the third coil bobbin 123 and the other end is pivoted to the fourth coil bobbin 124. One end of the second fine tube 17 is connected to the main pipe 19 via the second valve port 182, and the other end is wound around the second coil shaft 152 several times before being connected to the sealed pressure chamber 4.
しかしながら、第１試料回収システムと第２試料回収システムとの相違点として、第１試料回収システム内の第１弁ポート１８１は、主流管１９上の流量出入口２０に近い位置に設けられ、第２試料回収システム内の第２弁ポート１８２が主流管１９の流量出入口２０から離れる端に近い位置に設けられることである。上向き浸透特性を有する流体は、流量出入口２０を経由して主流管１９に入り、主流管１９の流量出入口２０から離れる端は下向き浸透特性を有する流体が主流管１９に入る入口であり、主流管１９中の体積流束の変化量ｑと第１微細径チューブ１６の浸透率Ｐ１及び第２微細径チューブ１７の浸透率Ｐ２の大きさの比較により、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７が流体を収集し、パーコレーションシステムと結合した具体的な分析を後述する。 However, the difference between the first and second sample collection systems is that the first valve port 181 in the first sample collection system is located near the flow inlet/outlet 20 on the main pipe 19, and the second valve port 182 in the second sample collection system is located near the end of the main pipe 19 away from the flow inlet/outlet 20. The fluid with upward permeation characteristics enters the main pipe 19 through the flow inlet/outlet 20, and the end of the main pipe 19 away from the flow inlet/outlet 20 is the inlet through which the fluid with downward permeation characteristics enters the main pipe 19. By comparing the change in volume flux q in the main pipe 19 with the permeability P1 of the first fine tube 16 and the permeability P2 of the second fine tube 17, the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 collect the fluid, and a specific analysis of the combination with the percolation system will be described later.
上記の第１コイルボビン１２１、第２コイルボビン１２２、第３コイルボビン１２３、第４コイルボビン１２４は、均しく機能穴１４を備え、機能穴１４は第１コイル軸１５１及び第２コイル軸１５２を制御するために用いられる。 The first coil bobbin 121, the second coil bobbin 122, the third coil bobbin 123, and the fourth coil bobbin 124 are uniformly provided with functional holes 14, and the functional holes 14 are used to control the first coil shaft 151 and the second coil shaft 152.
前記パーコレーションシステムは、密閉式圧力チャンバー４と、不透水袋９と、第３微細径チューブ１１と、浸透膜２７と、第２支持ベース２８とを備える。第２支持ベース２８の一端は、上蓋板２１に連結され、一端が密閉式圧力チャンバー４に連結されることで、密閉式圧力チャンバー４を上蓋板２１に固定させる。前記不透水袋９は、密閉式圧力チャンバー４に内設され、第３微細径チューブ１１を介して主流管１９に連通され、第３微細径チューブ１１と主流管１９との連通位置が第１弁ポート１８１と第２弁ポート１８２との間に配置され、不透水袋９内にトレーサー２６が格納され、トレーサー２６は第３微細径チューブ１１を経由して主流管１９に流入することができ、不透水袋９はプラスチック素材で製造されることができる。前記密閉式圧力チャンバー４と不透水袋９との間の環状空間に飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５及び固形塩化ナトリウムで満たされ、不透水袋９内のトレーサー２６は密閉式圧力チャンバー４内の飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の密度と同じであり、本発明の装置を投げ込んで使用する前、密閉式圧力チャンバー４内の飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５が不透水袋９に圧力を発生させないようにする。密閉式圧力チャンバー４もそれぞれ第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７に連通され、連通位置に浸透膜２７が設けられ、浸透膜２７が高分子所在で製造され、水分子のみを通過させる。本発明を使用する前、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７をそれぞれ脱イオン水で満たし、本発明を投げ込んで使用する場合、密閉式圧力チャンバー４内の飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５は浸透膜２７を介して第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７の脱イオン水を吸収し、飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の体積を増加させ、飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５は不透水袋９内のトレーサー２６を圧迫して主流管１９内に流れ、固形塩化ナトリウムが塩化ナトリウムブライン２５に溶解し続け、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の飽和を維持し、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５が脱イオン水を吸収する速度を安定に保ち、脱イオン水を吸収された第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７はそれぞれ浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２を生成し、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の長期飽和を維持するため、浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２は同じ固定値で長期間安定し、かつ浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２も実験や式等の従来の方法で具体的な数値を得ることができ、脱イオン水を吸収された第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７は浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２により主流管１９内で流体及びトレーサー２６を吸収する。また、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の飽和を維持し、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５が脱イオン水を吸収する速度を安定に保つことにより、本発明の装置が海底に置かれた後、塩化ナトリウムブライン２５が脱イオン水を吸収する速度が安定するので、同じ長さの期間は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７において一定の長さを有し、例えば１年目は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７においてそれぞれ１０ｃｍの流体及びトレーサー２６を吸収し、２年目は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７にもそれぞれ１０ｃｍの流体及びトレーサー２６を吸収し、期間と組み合わせて、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７をマークするため、他の方法を用いることもできる。第１微細径チューブ１６における流体浸透速度は、飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５が第１微細径チューブ１６内の脱イオン水を吸収する速度によって決定されるため、第１微細径チューブ１６における流体の流動速度は非常にゆっくりであり、本発明の装置が長期間海底に置かれていても、第１微細径チューブ１６における流体又はトレーサー２６は長期間比較的静止しており、拡散或いは希釈することはなく、本発明の装置を引き上げる時、第１微細径チューブ１６における流体及びトレーサー２６も当初の濃度及び分布を維持する。第１微細径チューブ１６にトレーサー２６がある場合、トレーサー２６濃度と組み合わせて異なる期間の流体の流束を算出することができる。 The percolation system includes a sealed pressure chamber 4, an impermeable bag 9, a third fine tube 11, a permeable membrane 27, and a second support base 28. One end of the second support base 28 is connected to the upper cover plate 21, and the other end is connected to the sealed pressure chamber 4, thereby fixing the sealed pressure chamber 4 to the upper cover plate 21. The impermeable bag 9 is installed in the sealed pressure chamber 4 and communicates with the mainstream pipe 19 via the third fine tube 11. The communication position between the third fine tube 11 and the mainstream pipe 19 is disposed between the first valve port 181 and the second valve port 182. A tracer 26 is stored in the impermeable bag 9, and the tracer 26 can flow into the mainstream pipe 19 via the third fine tube 11. The impermeable bag 9 can be made of a plastic material. The annular space between the sealed pressure chamber 4 and the impermeable bag 9 is filled with saturated sodium chloride brine 25 and solid sodium chloride, and the tracer 26 in the impermeable bag 9 has the same density as the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the sealed pressure chamber 4, so that the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the sealed pressure chamber 4 does not generate pressure in the impermeable bag 9 before the device of the present invention is thrown in and used. The sealed pressure chamber 4 also communicates with the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, respectively, and a permeable membrane 27 is provided at the communication position. The permeable membrane 27 is made of a polymer and allows only water molecules to pass through. Before using the present invention, the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 are filled with deionized water, and when the present invention is used, the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 in the sealed pressure chamber 4 absorbs the deionized water in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 through the permeable membrane 27, increasing the volume of the saturated sodium chloride brine 25, and the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 presses the tracer 26 in the impermeable bag 9 and flows into the main pipe 19, so that the solid sodium chloride continues to dissolve in the sodium chloride brine 25, and the sodium chloride brine 25 remains saturated. The rate at which the sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs deionized water is kept stable, and the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 absorbed with deionized water generate permeabilities P1 and P2, respectively, and the sodium chloride brine 25 is kept saturated for a long time, so that the permeabilities P1 and P2 are stable at the same fixed value for a long time, and the specific values of the permeabilities P1 and P2 can be obtained by conventional methods such as experiments and formulas. The first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 absorbed with deionized water absorb the fluid and tracer 26 in the main pipe 19 at the permeabilities P1 and P2. Also, by keeping the sodium chloride brine 25 saturated and keeping the rate at which the sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs deionized water stable, the rate at which the sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs deionized water is stable after the device of the present invention is placed on the seabed, so that the same length of time period has a certain length in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, for example, in the first year, 10 cm of fluid and tracer 26 are absorbed in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, respectively, and in the second year, 10 cm of fluid and tracer 26 are also absorbed in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, respectively, and other methods can be used to mark the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 in combination with the time period. Since the fluid infiltration rate in the first fine tube 16 is determined by the rate at which the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs the deionized water in the first fine tube 16, the flow rate of the fluid in the first fine tube 16 is very slow, and even if the device of the present invention is placed on the seabed for a long period of time, the fluid or tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16 is relatively stationary for a long period of time and does not diffuse or dilute, and when the device of the present invention is pulled up, the fluid and tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16 also maintain their original concentration and distribution. If there is a tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16, the flux of fluid in different periods can be calculated in combination with the concentration of the tracer 26.
主流管１９、第１微細径チューブ１６、第２微細径チューブ１７、第３微細径チューブ１１は、均しくミクロン径レベルで、従来技術内のキャピラリーチューブで製造させることができる。 The main flow tube 19, the first fine tube 16, the second fine tube 17, and the third fine tube 11 can be manufactured using conventional capillary tubes with uniform diameters at the micron level.
上記の塩化ナトリウムブライン２５と脱イオン水の組み合わせは、密閉式圧力チャンバー４内の物質がそれぞれ第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７内の液体を吸収できる限り、他の物質で置き換えることもできる。 The above combination of sodium chloride brine 25 and deionized water can be replaced with other substances as long as the substances in the sealed pressure chamber 4 are capable of absorbing the liquids in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, respectively.
ここで、本発明の原理を説明する。主流管１９内の流体の体積流束の変化量は、ｑであり、ｑは上向き浸透流体及び下向き浸透流体によって決定される。具体的には、上向き浸透流体は右から左に流れ、下向き浸透流体が左から右に流れ、第１微細径チューブ１６の浸透率はＰ１で、第２微細径チューブ１７の浸透率がＰ２で、浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２の値は密閉式圧力チャンバー４が第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７の脱イオン水を吸収したことによって生成され、Ｐ１＝Ｐ２となり、主流管１９から第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７に入る流体を吸収する速度は、浸透率Ｐ１及び浸透率Ｐ２によって決定される。ここで、本発明の装置における異なる流体の流れ方向を説明する。 Here, the principle of the present invention will be described. The change in volumetric flux of the fluid in the main pipe 19 is q, which is determined by the upward infiltration fluid and the downward infiltration fluid. Specifically, the upward infiltration fluid flows from right to left, the downward infiltration fluid flows from left to right, the permeability of the first fine tube 16 is P1, the permeability of the second fine tube 17 is P2, and the values of the permeability P1 and the permeability P2 are generated by the closed pressure chamber 4 absorbing the deionized water in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, so that P1=P2, and the speed of absorbing the fluid entering the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 from the main pipe 19 is determined by the permeability P1 and the permeability P2. Here, the flow directions of different fluids in the device of the present invention will be described.
（一）上向き浸透流体について、上向き浸透流体は、流量出入口２０から主流管１９に入り、流体が右から左に流れ、以下の２つの場合に分けられる。 (1) Regarding the upward seepage fluid, the upward seepage fluid enters the mainstream pipe 19 from the flow inlet/outlet 20, and the fluid flows from right to left. There are two cases as follows:
（１）図４に示すように、ｑ＜Ｐ１かつｑ＜Ｐ２の場合、
ｑ＜Ｐ１、すなわち、単位時間あたりの第１微細径チューブ１６によって吸収される流体の流量は、主流管１９に入る流体の流量よりも大きいので、この過程で全ての流体が第１微細径チューブ１６に吸い込まれ、第１微細径チューブ１６は、主流管１９の流体の残りの流量を吸収する以外に、第３微細径チューブ１１から主流管１９に流出するトレーサー２６も吸収することができる。第２微細径チューブ１７の場合、トレーサー２６のみが第２微細径チューブ１７に吸い込まれ、第２微細径チューブ１７によって吸収され得ないトレーサー２６は、主流管１９の左側開口部を経由して主流管１９から流出する。
(1) As shown in FIG. 4, when q<P1 and q<P2,
Since q<P1, i.e., the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the first fine tube 16 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid entering the mainstream pipe 19, all the fluid is sucked into the first fine tube 16 during this process, and the first fine tube 16 can absorb the remaining flow rate of the fluid in the mainstream pipe 19 as well as the tracer 26 flowing out from the third fine tube 11 to the mainstream pipe 19. In the case of the second fine tube 17, only the tracer 26 is sucked into the second fine tube 17, and the tracer 26 that cannot be absorbed by the second fine tube 17 flows out of the mainstream pipe 19 via the left opening of the mainstream pipe 19.
（２）図５に示すように、ｑ＞Ｐ１かつｑ＞Ｐ２の場合、
ｑ＞Ｐ１、すなわち、単位時間あたりの主流管１９に入る流体の流量は、第１微細径チューブ１６によって吸収される流体の流量よりも大きいので、流体は、第１微細径チューブ１６によって完全に吸収されず、第１微細径チューブ１６によって吸収されない流体は、第３微細径チューブ１１から流出するトレーサー２６を第２弁ポート１８２の方向に移動するよう押す。したがって、第１微細径チューブ１６は、トレーサー２６のない流体のみを吸収し、第２微細径チューブ１７が流体及びトレーサー２６の両方を吸収し、第２微細径チューブ１７によって吸収され得ないトレーサー２６は主流管１９の左端開口部を経由して主流管１９から流出する。
(2) As shown in FIG. 5, when q>P1 and q>P2,
Since q>P1, i.e., the flow rate of the fluid entering the mainstream pipe 19 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the first fine tube 16, the fluid is not completely absorbed by the first fine tube 16, and the fluid not absorbed by the first fine tube 16 pushes the tracer 26 flowing out of the third fine tube 11 to move in the direction of the second valve port 182. Therefore, the first fine tube 16 absorbs only the fluid without the tracer 26, the second fine tube 17 absorbs both the fluid and the tracer 26, and the tracer 26 that cannot be absorbed by the second fine tube 17 flows out of the mainstream pipe 19 via the left end opening of the mainstream pipe 19.
（二）下向き浸透流体について、下向き浸透流体は主流管１９の流量出入口２０から離れる端の開口部（すなわち、図１の主流管１９の一番左側）から微細径チューブに入り、流体が左から右に移動し、次の２つの場合に分けられる。 (2) Regarding downward seepage fluid, the downward seepage fluid enters the fine-diameter tube from the opening at the end of the mainstream pipe 19 away from the flow inlet/outlet 20 (i.e., the leftmost part of the mainstream pipe 19 in FIG. 1), and the fluid moves from left to right, which can be divided into the following two cases:
（１）図６に示すように、ｑ＜Ｐ１かつｑ＜Ｐ２の場合、
ｑ＜Ｐ２、すなわち、単位時間あたりに第２微細径チューブ１７によって吸収される流体の流量は、主流管１９に入る流体の流量よりも大きい。主流管１９に入る流体は、第２微細径チューブ１７によって完全に吸収され、第２微細径チューブ１７は、主流管１９の流体の残りの流量を吸収する以外に、第３微細径チューブ１１から主流管１９に流出するトレーサー２６も吸収することができるため、第１微細径チューブ１６の場合、主流管１９のトレーサー２６のみを吸収でき、第１微細径チューブ１６によって吸収され得ないトレーサー２６は、流量出入口２０を経由して主流管１９から流出する。
(1) As shown in FIG. 6, when q<P1 and q<P2,
q<P2, that is, the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the second fine tube 17 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid entering the mainstream pipe 19. The fluid entering the mainstream pipe 19 is completely absorbed by the second fine tube 17, which, in addition to absorbing the remaining flow rate of the fluid in the mainstream pipe 19, can also absorb the tracer 26 flowing out from the third fine tube 11 to the mainstream pipe 19. Therefore, in the case of the first fine tube 16, it can only absorb the tracer 26 in the mainstream pipe 19, and the tracer 26 that cannot be absorbed by the first fine tube 16 flows out of the mainstream pipe 19 through the flow inlet/outlet 20.
（２）図７に示すように、ｑ＞Ｐ１かつｑ＞Ｐ２の場合、
ｑ＞Ｐ２、すなわち、単位時間あたりの主流管１９に入る流体の流量は、第２微細径チューブ１７によって吸収される流体の流量よりも大きいので、流体は、第２微細径チューブ１７によって完全に吸収されず、第２微細径チューブ１７によって吸収されない流体は、第３微細径チューブ１１から流出するトレーサー２６を第１弁ポート１８１の方向に移動するよう押す。したがって、第１微細径チューブ１６は、トレーサー２６のない流体のみを吸収し、第２微細径チューブ１７が流体及びトレーサー２６の両方を吸収し、第１微細径チューブ１６によって吸収され得ないトレーサー２６は主流管１９の右端開口部を経由して主流管１９から流出する。
(2) As shown in FIG. 7, when q>P1 and q>P2,
Since q>P2, i.e., the flow rate of the fluid entering the mainstream pipe 19 per unit time is greater than the flow rate of the fluid absorbed by the second fine tube 17, the fluid is not completely absorbed by the second fine tube 17, and the fluid not absorbed by the second fine tube 17 pushes the tracer 26 flowing out of the third fine tube 11 to move in the direction of the first valve port 181. Therefore, the first fine tube 16 absorbs only the fluid without the tracer 26, the second fine tube 17 absorbs both the fluid and the tracer 26, and the tracer 26 that cannot be absorbed by the first fine tube 16 flows out of the mainstream pipe 19 via the right end opening of the mainstream pipe 19.
上記は、上向き浸透流体又は下向き浸透流体のいずれかが主流管１９に入る場合であり、上向き浸透流体及び下向き浸透流体が主流管１９に入る方向は異なるため、主流管における体積流束の変化量が大きい方の流体は主流管内のｑの流れ方向を主導し、体積流束の変化量が低い方の流体は主流管から押し出されるが、場合によっては、上向き浸透流体と下向き浸透流体の体積流束の変化量が同じである可能性があり、最終的に得られた第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７に基づいて具体的に分析する必要がある。 The above is the case where either the upward or downward penetrating fluid enters the mainstream pipe 19. Since the upward and downward penetrating fluids enter the mainstream pipe 19 in different directions, the fluid with the larger change in volume flux in the mainstream pipe will lead the flow direction q in the mainstream pipe, and the fluid with the smaller change in volume flux will be pushed out of the mainstream pipe. However, in some cases, the change in volume flux of the upward and downward penetrating fluids may be the same, and a specific analysis is required based on the finally obtained first fine tube 16 and second fine tube 17.
上記は、流体移動の全ての方法及び本発明の動作原理であり、主にある時点での流体移動方法について説明する。異なる期間の流体の流束の場合、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７における流体の流動速度が遅いため、流体及びトレーサー２６は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７において拡散又は混合効果を形成することはない。異なる期間の流体及びトレーサー２６は、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７の異なる位置に保管され、同じ期間の流体及びトレーサーが第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７の同じ位置に保管され、したがって第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７において流体及びトレーサー２６を層状（セグメント化）に保管する効果を形成し、流体及びトレーサー２６は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７において異なる期間により保管されて、異なる期間のセグメント化された効果を形成する。 The above is all the methods of fluid movement and the working principle of the present invention, which mainly describes the method of fluid movement at a certain time. In the case of fluid flux of different periods, the fluid and tracer 26 will not form a diffusion or mixing effect in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 because the flow speed of the fluid in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 is slow. The fluid and tracer 26 of different periods are stored in different positions in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, and the fluid and tracer of the same period are stored in the same position in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, thus forming the effect of storing the fluid and tracer 26 in layers (segmented) in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, and the fluid and tracer 26 are stored in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 by different periods to form a segmented effect of different periods.
本発明の装置を回収する場合、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７を取り出して同じ期間の比較を行うことができる。異なる状態において、トレーサー２６の流れ方向が異なるため、トレーサー２６の濃度に基づいて当時の流体状態を分析し、Ｐ１、Ｐ２の値及びトレーサー２６濃度を組み合わせて当時の流体の流束の状態を推定する。また、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７も異なる時期の流体を含み、すなわち、長周期における異なる時期の流体の採取を実現し、異なる期間の流体のイオン濃度を得る。 When recovering the device of the present invention, the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 can be taken out and compared for the same period. Since the flow direction of the tracer 26 is different in different states, the fluid state at that time is analyzed based on the concentration of the tracer 26, and the value of P1, P2 and the concentration of the tracer 26 are combined to estimate the state of the fluid flux at that time. In addition, the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 also contain fluid at different times, that is, the collection of fluid at different times over a long period is realized, and the ion concentration of the fluid at different periods is obtained.
前記水温・塩分・深度センサーシステムは、水温・塩分・深度センサー５と、留め具８と、固定軸１０とを備え、固定軸１０は上蓋板２１に固結され、留め具８は固定軸１０に連結され、水温・塩分・深度センサー５は留め具８を介して固定軸１０に固定される。水温・塩分・深度センサー５（水温・塩分・深度計とも呼ばれる）は、従来技術で、水域の電気伝導率、圧力、温度及び深度等の基本的な水域の物理パラメータを測定するために用いられる。本発明と組み合わせて、水温・塩分・深度センサーシステムで長周期における異なる時期の温度及び圧力の状態を確認し、温度及び圧力に応じて流体速度及び流体の流束の値を校正して、より正確な実測値を得て、当時の流体状態を還元する。 The water temperature, salinity and depth sensor system includes a water temperature, salinity and depth sensor 5, a fastener 8 and a fixed shaft 10. The fixed shaft 10 is fixed to the top cover plate 21, the fastener 8 is connected to the fixed shaft 10, and the water temperature, salinity and depth sensor 5 is fixed to the fixed shaft 10 via the fastener 8. The water temperature, salinity and depth sensor 5 (also called a water temperature, salinity and depth gauge) is a conventional technology used to measure basic water body physical parameters such as electrical conductivity, pressure, temperature and depth of the water body. In combination with the present invention, the water temperature, salinity and depth sensor system is used to check the temperature and pressure conditions at different times in a long period, and the values of fluid velocity and fluid flux are calibrated according to temperature and pressure to obtain more accurate actual measured values and restore the fluid state at that time.
前記敷設回収システムは、吊り下げジョイント１と、吊り下げピン穴２と、保護ハウジング３と、連結杆７と、支圧リング６とを備える。前記保護ハウジング３は、複数の連結杆７を介して上蓋板２１に固結され、試料回収システム、パーコレーションシステム、水温塩分センサーシステムを衝突による損傷から保護するために用いられる。吊り下げジョイント１は、保護ハウジング３に連結され、吊り下げピン穴２は吊り下げジョイント１を貫通し、本発明の装置の投げ込み時にクレーンに連結するために用いられる。吊り下げジョイント１は、本発明の装置の重量を支え、本発明の装置を吊り込む又は引き上げることに便利である。 The installation and recovery system comprises a suspension joint 1, a suspension pin hole 2, a protective housing 3, a connecting rod 7, and a support ring 6. The protective housing 3 is fixed to the top cover plate 21 via a number of connecting rods 7, and is used to protect the sample recovery system, the percolation system, and the water temperature and salinity sensor system from damage due to collision. The suspension joint 1 is connected to the protective housing 3, and the suspension pin hole 2 passes through the suspension joint 1 and is used to connect the device of the present invention to a crane when it is dropped. The suspension joint 1 supports the weight of the device of the present invention, and is convenient for suspending or lifting the device of the present invention.
本発明の装置の使用方法は、次の通りである。 The method of using the device of the present invention is as follows:
１、本発明の装置を海底に投げ込む前、密閉式圧力チャンバー４と不透水袋９との間の環状空間を飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５及び固形塩化ナトリウムで満たし、不透水袋９を塩化ナトリウムブライン２５と同じトレーサー２６で満たし、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７を脱イオン水で満たし、水温・塩分・深度センサーシステムをオンにする。 1. Before the device of the present invention is thrown into the seabed, fill the annular space between the closed pressure chamber 4 and the impermeable bag 9 with saturated sodium chloride brine 25 and solid sodium chloride, fill the impermeable bag 9 with the same tracer 26 as the sodium chloride brine 25, fill the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 with deionized water, and turn on the water temperature, salinity, and depth sensor system.
２、クレーンを吊り下げ回収システムに連結し、本発明の装置を海に吊り込み、本発明の装置が海底に着地した時、密封環２４が堆積物に接触並びに挿入して、密閉空間を形成し、飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５は第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７内の脱イオン水を吸収し、密閉式圧力チャンバー４の体積が固定される状態において、脱イオン水を吸収する飽和塩化ナトリウムブライン２５の体積が増加し、不透水袋９内のトレーサー２６を圧迫して主流管１９に流れ、脱イオン水を吸収された第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７はそれぞれ第１微細径チューブ１６の浸透率Ｐ１及び第２微細径チューブ１７の浸透率Ｐ２を生成し、浸透率Ｐ１と浸透率Ｐ２の値は同じで、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７はそれぞれ主流管１９内のトレーサー２６及び流体を吸収する。 2. The crane is connected to the hoisting and recovery system, and the device of the present invention is hoisted into the sea. When the device of the present invention is landed on the seabed, the sealing ring 24 contacts and penetrates into the sediment to form a sealed space. The saturated sodium chloride brine 25 absorbs the deionized water in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17. In the state where the volume of the sealed pressure chamber 4 is fixed, the volume of the saturated sodium chloride brine 25 absorbing the deionized water increases, compresses the tracer 26 in the impermeable bag 9, and flows into the mainstream pipe 19. The first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 absorbing the deionized water generate the permeability P1 of the first fine tube 16 and the permeability P2 of the second fine tube 17 respectively. The values of the permeability P1 and the permeability P2 are the same, and the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 absorb the tracer 26 and the fluid in the mainstream pipe 19 respectively.
３、長い期間を経った後、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７内の脱イオン水が完全に吸収される前に、クレーンで本発明の装置を揚収して、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７を得、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７を分割で切断して、異なる期間の流体試料を得ると共に保管し、異なる期間の流体試料を得、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７に保管された流体試料及びその中にあるトレーサー２６濃度を同じ期間で比較し、当時の流体浸透状況（流体の流れ方向及びｑとＰ１、Ｐ２の大きさの関係を含む）を逆に推定し、水温・塩分・深度センサーシステムで測定された温度及び圧力と組み合わせて得られた異なる期間の流体の流束を校正し、正確な流体の流束データを得る。 3. After a long period of time, before the deionized water in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 is completely absorbed, the device of the present invention is lifted by a crane to obtain the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, and the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 are cut in pieces to obtain and store fluid samples of different periods, and the fluid samples stored in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 and the tracer 26 concentration therein are compared during the same period to inversely estimate the fluid infiltration situation at that time (including the fluid flow direction and the relationship between q and the magnitudes of P1 and P2), and the fluid fluxes obtained during different periods are calibrated in combination with the temperature and pressure measured by the water temperature, salinity and depth sensor system to obtain accurate fluid flux data.
第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７を同じ期間で比較し、浸透状況を次のように推定した。 The first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17 were compared over the same period, and the penetration status was estimated as follows:
（１）第１微細径チューブ１６内には流体及びトレーサー２６があり、第２微細径チューブ１７内にはトレーサー２６のみがある。当時で上向き浸透特性を有する流体で、ｑ＜Ｐ１で、トレーサー２６は主流管１９においてそれぞれ第１弁ポート１８１の方向及び第２弁ポート１８２の方向に移動することが示されている。 (1) There is a fluid and a tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16, and only the tracer 26 in the second fine tube 17. It is shown that with a fluid having upward permeation characteristics at that time, when q<P1, the tracer 26 moves in the main pipe 19 in the direction of the first valve port 181 and the direction of the second valve port 182, respectively.
（２）第１微細径チューブ１６内にはトレーサー２６のない流体のみがあり、第２微細径チューブ１７には吸収された流体及びトレーサー２６がある。当時で上向き浸透特性を有する流体で、ｑ＞Ｐ１で、第３微細径チューブ１１から流出するトレーサー２６は主流管１９において第２弁ポート１８２の方向にのみ移動することが示されている。 (2) There is only fluid without tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16, and there is absorbed fluid and tracer 26 in the second fine tube 17. At that time, for a fluid with upward permeation characteristics, when q>P1, it is shown that the tracer 26 flowing out of the third fine tube 11 moves only in the direction of the second valve port 182 in the main pipe 19.
（３）第１微細径チューブ１６にはトレーサー２６があり、第２微細径チューブ１７には流体及びトレーサー２６がある。当時で下向き浸透特性を有する流体で、ｑ＜Ｐ１で、第３微細径チューブ１１から流出するトレーサー２６は主流管１９においてそれぞれ第１弁ポート１８１の方向及び第２弁ポート１８２の方向に移動することが示されている。 (3) There is a tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16, and there is a fluid and a tracer 26 in the second fine tube 17. At that time, the fluid has downward permeation characteristics, and when q<P1, it is shown that the tracer 26 flowing out of the third fine tube 11 moves in the direction of the first valve port 181 and the direction of the second valve port 182 in the main pipe 19, respectively.
（４）第１微細径チューブ１６には吸収された流体及びトレーサー２６があり、第２微細径チューブ１７にはトレーサー２６のない流体のみがある。下向き浸透特性を有する流体で、ｑ＞Ｐ１で、第３微細径チューブ１１から流出するトレーサー２６は主流管１９において第１弁ポート１８１の方向にのみ移動することが示されている。 (4) The first fine tube 16 contains absorbed fluid and tracer 26, and the second fine tube 17 contains only fluid without tracer 26. It is shown that for a fluid with downward permeation characteristics, q>P1, the tracer 26 flowing out of the third fine tube 11 moves only in the direction of the first valve port 181 in the main pipe 19.
トレーサー２６のみ又はトレーサー２６のない流体のみを有する上記概念は、相対的な概念で、トレーサー２６のみ又はトレーサー２６のない流体ではなく、別の微細径チューブに比べて高濃度或いは低濃度の概念である。例えば、第１微細径チューブ１６にトレーサー２６のみがあるのは、第２微細径チューブ１７に比べて、第１微細径チューブ１６内に第２微細径チューブ１７より高い濃度のトレーサー２６があることを意味する。 The concept of having only tracer 26 or only fluid without tracer 26 is a relative concept, not only tracer 26 or fluid without tracer 26, but a higher or lower concentration compared to another fine tube. For example, only tracer 26 in a first fine tube 16 compared to a second fine tube 17 means that there is a higher concentration of tracer 26 in the first fine tube 16 than in the second fine tube 17.
最後に、浸透率Ｐ１、浸透率Ｐ２、トレーサー２６の濃度に応じて水温・塩分・深度センサー５の校正と組み合わせて、その時点での流体の流束を算出した。 Finally, the fluid flux at that time was calculated in combination with the calibration of the water temperature, salinity and depth sensor 5 according to the permeability P1, the permeability P2 and the concentration of the tracer 26.
本発明は、流体流束モニタリングと流体試料採取の装置及び方法を開示し、長期間にわたって海底流体の流束をモニタリングし、水温・塩分・深度センサーシステムと組み合わせて正確な流体の流束の状況を得ることができる。また、第１微細径チューブ１６及び第２微細径チューブ１７において異なる期間の流体試料を収集し、異なる期間の流体試料を得ることができる。 The present invention discloses an apparatus and method for fluid flux monitoring and fluid sampling, which can monitor the flow of seafloor fluids over a long period of time, and can obtain accurate fluid flux conditions in combination with a water temperature, salinity and depth sensor system. In addition, fluid samples of different periods can be collected in the first fine tube 16 and the second fine tube 17, and fluid samples of different periods can be obtained.
当業者であれば、上記の技術的手段及び思想に基づいてその他の多種多様な変更及び変形を行うことができ、かつかかる変更及び変形が本発明の特許請求の保護範囲に含まれるべきである。 A person skilled in the art can make a wide variety of other modifications and variations based on the above technical means and ideas, and such modifications and variations should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
１０ ・・ 固定軸
１ ・・ 吊り下げジョイント
１１ ・・ 第３微細径チューブ
１２１ ・・ 第１コイルボビン
１２２ ・・ 第２コイルボビン
１２３ ・・ 第３コイルボビン
１２４ ・・ 第４コイルボビン
１３１ ・・ 第１支柱
１３２ ・・ 第２支柱
１３３ ・・ 第３支柱
１３４ ・・ 第４支柱
１４ ・・ 機能穴
１５１ ・・ 第１コイル軸
１５２ ・・ 第２コイル軸
１６ ・・ 第１微細径チューブ
１７ ・・ 第２微細径チューブ
１８１ ・・ 第１弁ポート
１８２ ・・ 第２弁ポート
１９ ・・ 主流管
２０ ・・ 流量出入口
２ ・・ 吊り下げピン穴
２１ ・・ 上蓋板
２２ ・・ 多孔質バッフル
２３ ・・ 下蓋板
２４ ・・ 密封環
２５ ・・ 塩化ナトリウムブライン
２６ ・・ トレーサー
２７ ・・ 浸透膜
２８ ・・ 第２支持ベース
２９ ・・ 第１支持ベース
３０ ・・ 基台
３ ・・ 保護ハウジング
４ ・・ 密閉式圧力チャンバー
５ ・・ 水温・塩分・深度センサー
６ ・・ 支圧リング
７ ・・ 連結杆
８ ・・ 留め具
９ ・・ 不透水袋
Reference Signs List 10 Fixed shaft 1 Suspension joint 11 Third fine tube 121 First coil bobbin 122 Second coil bobbin 123 Third coil bobbin 124 Fourth coil bobbin 131 First support 132 Second support 133 Third support 134 Fourth support 14 Functional hole 151 First coil shaft 152 Second coil shaft 16 First fine tube 17 Second fine tube 181 First valve port 182 Second valve port 19 Main flow pipe 20 Flow inlet/outlet 2 Suspension pin hole 21 Top cover plate 22 Porous baffle 23 Bottom cover plate 24 Seal ring 25 Sodium chloride brine 26 Tracer 27 Permeable membrane 28 Second support base 29 First support base 30 Base 3 Protective housing 4 Sealed pressure chamber 5 Water temperature, salinity and depth sensor 6 Pressure support ring 7 Connecting rod 8 Fastener 9 Impermeable bag
Claims (8)
前記液体吸引組立体は、密閉式圧力チャンバーを備え、前記トレーサー排出組立体はトレーサーを格納する不透水袋を備え、不透水袋が密閉式圧力チャンバーに内設され、密閉式圧力チャンバーを通過して主流管に連通され、密閉式圧力チャンバーと不透水袋との間の環状空間が第１微細径管及び第２微細径管内の液体を吸収できる物質を保管し、第１微細径管及び第２微細径管が両方とも環状空間に連通され、前記物質は液体を吸収して不透水袋を圧迫して不透水袋内のトレーサーを主流管に押し出すために用いられる、
ことを特徴とする、流体試料採取の装置。 A fluid sampling device comprising a mainstream pipe, a first fine tube, a second fine tube, a liquid suction assembly, and a tracer discharge assembly, both ends of the mainstream pipe being open, one end of the first fine tube being connected to the mainstream pipe and the other end being connected to the liquid suction assembly, one end of the second fine tube being connected to the mainstream pipe and the other end of the second fine tube being connected to the liquid suction assembly, and the liquid suction assembly suctions liquid in the first fine tube and the second fine tube, thereby causing a permeation effect in the first fine tube and the second fine tube. the tracer discharge assembly is connected between a communication position between the first fine tube and the mainstream pipe and a communication position between the second fine tube and the mainstream pipe, and is used to discharge the tracer into the mainstream pipe; the first fine tube and the second fine tube are used to absorb the tracer and fluid, and to separately store the fluid and the tracer at different times in order to monitor the flux of the fluid at different times according to the concentration of the tracer at different times;
The liquid suction assembly includes a sealed pressure chamber, and the tracer discharge assembly includes an impermeable bag for storing a tracer, the impermeable bag is disposed in the sealed pressure chamber and communicates with the mainstream pipe through the sealed pressure chamber, an annular space between the sealed pressure chamber and the impermeable bag stores a material capable of absorbing liquid in the first and second fine tubes, both the first and second fine tubes communicate with the annular space, and the material is used to absorb liquid and press the impermeable bag to push the tracer in the impermeable bag into the mainstream pipe.
1. A device for fluid sampling, comprising:
7. The fluid sampling apparatus of claim 6, wherein the base system is mounted within a base and also includes a porous baffle for the passage of fluid therethrough.
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