CN107036851B - Settling algae collecting device and method for measuring settling rate of algae - Google Patents

Settling algae collecting device and method for measuring settling rate of algae Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107036851B
CN107036851B CN201710283717.5A CN201710283717A CN107036851B CN 107036851 B CN107036851 B CN 107036851B CN 201710283717 A CN201710283717 A CN 201710283717A CN 107036851 B CN107036851 B CN 107036851B
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China
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algae
water
settled
guide column
collecting
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CN107036851A (en
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杨正健
刘德富
马骏
纪道斌
徐雅倩
崔玉洁
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Hubei University of Technology
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Hubei University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
    • G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
    • G01N1/20—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state for flowing or falling materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
    • G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
    • G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/04—Investigating sedimentation of particle suspensions

Abstract

The invention provides a settling algae collecting device, which comprises a guide column in a cylinder shape, wherein a filter screen is arranged at an inlet at the top of the guide column, a fixed screen cover used for fixing the filter screen on the top of the guide column is arranged on the filter screen, and the fixed screen cover is provided with an inlet; the bottom of the guide column is connected with the collecting dish, the bottom of the side wall of the guide column is provided with a water outlet pipe, and the bottom of the collecting dish is provided with a discharge pipe; in addition, the invention also provides a method for measuring the sedimentation rate of the algae by using the sedimentation algae collecting device; the method can capture the settlement rate of the algae in situ in the field monitoring process, can analyze the settlement rules of different algae according to the conditions of different algae, and has important significance for identifying the algal bloom digestion mechanism and developing the algal bloom prediction and forecast.

Description

Settling algae collecting device and method for measuring settling rate of algae
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water environment, in particular to a settled algae collecting device and a method for measuring the settling rate of algae.
Background
At present, partial reservoirs and lakes in China are in a water eutrophication state and are accompanied by algal bloom outbreak, so that the ecological system of rivers and lakes and the safety of drinking water are threatened.
The occurrence of algal bloom is a complex process and is mainly influenced by natural conditions such as water flow, water temperature, nutrient salt and illumination and biological factors such as death, settlement, aggregation and predation of algae, wherein the settlement characteristics of algae have obvious influence on the vertical distribution of algae in a water body. Because algae are small in size and small in density and are easily decomposed by microorganisms, the conventional method is difficult to capture the algae sedimentation process, and the existing algae sedimentation work is obtained based on empirical values and an indoor laboratory. How to obtain different algae in-situ sedimentation rates in the field monitoring process becomes a key problem for correctly knowing an algae bloom digestion mechanism and developing algae bloom numerical simulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provide a settled algae collecting device and a method for measuring the settlement rate of algae, which can obtain different in-situ settlement rates of algae in the field monitoring process.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a settling algae collecting device comprises a guide column in a cylinder shape, wherein a filter screen is arranged at an inlet at the top of the guide column, a fixed screen cover used for fixing the filter screen on the top of the guide column is arranged on the filter screen, and the fixed screen cover is provided with an inlet;
the guide post bottom is connected with the collection dish, guide post lateral wall bottom is equipped with the outlet pipe, it is equipped with the discharging pipe to collect dish bottom.
Preferably, the guide post is connected with one end of the connecting rope through a connecting buckle.
Preferably, the guide post is in the shape of a cylindrical cylinder, the net fixing cover is in the shape of a circular ring, and the collecting disc is in the shape of a disc.
Preferably, the outer surfaces of the top and bottom side walls of the guide column are provided with external threads, the inner side wall of the bottom of the net fixing cover is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads at the top of the guide column, and the inner side wall of the top of the collecting dish is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads at the bottom of the guide column.
Preferably, the water outlet pipe is provided with a first valve, and the discharge pipe is provided with a second valve.
Preferably, the water outlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both rubber pipes, and the first valve and the second valve are both water stop clamp structures.
In addition, the invention also provides a method for measuring the sedimentation rate of algae by using the sedimentation algae collecting device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): filling purified water into the guide column, fastening the guide column through a connecting rope, and sinking the whole settled algae collecting device to the position of a water layer to be detected;
step 2): after standing for a period of time t, lifting the whole settled algae collecting device out of the water surface;
step 3): opening a first valve on a water outlet pipe, collecting the water body, and measuring the number of algae cells in unit volume in the water body according to a microscopic examination method, and recording as C;
step 4): slowly draining the water in the guide column through a water outlet pipe, and then separating the collecting disc from the guide column;
step 5): opening a second valve of the discharge pipe, collecting the settled algae in the collection dish into a sample bottle through the discharge pipe, and measuring the number of settled algae cells in unit area according to a microscopic examination method and recording as M;
step 6): and (4) calculating the settlement rate omega of the algae at the water layer to be detected according to omega = M/(Ct).
Further, in the step 5), the settled algae in the collection dish is collected into a sample bottle through the discharge pipe by using a scraping brush.
Further, in the step 2), the whole settled algae collecting device is lifted out of the water surface and then placed on a base with holes, and a discharge pipe downwards passes through the holes of the base.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: because the algae in different water layers are different, after the settling rate of a certain class of algae to be analyzed is determined, the settling algae collecting device can be sunk to the position of the water layer to be detected of the corresponding algae; after standing for a period of time, lifting the whole settled algae collecting device out of the water surface, wherein in the period of standing, the algae in the water layer to be detected can enter the guide column through the inlet at the top of the guide column, and a part of the algae settles on the collecting dish, so that the algae can be measured and the settling rate of the algae can be captured; the method can capture the settlement rate of the algae in situ in the field monitoring process, can analyze the settlement rules of different algae according to the conditions of different algae, and has important significance for identifying the algal bloom digestion mechanism and developing the algal bloom prediction and forecast.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a settled algae collection apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an exploded structure of a settled algae collection apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of the filter screen of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the net fixing cover of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic bottom view of the collection tray of FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the wiper;
in the figure, a guide column 1, a filter screen 2, a net fixing cover 3, a collecting disc 4, a water outlet pipe 5, a first valve 5.1, a discharge pipe 6, a second valve 6.1, a connecting buckle 7, a connecting rope 8, a scraping brush 9 and a base 10.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a settling algae collecting device comprises a guide column 1 in a cylinder shape, wherein a filter screen 2 is arranged at an inlet at the top of the guide column 1, a screen fixing cover 3 for fixing the filter screen 2 on the top of the guide column 1 is arranged on the filter screen 2, and the screen fixing cover 3 is provided with an inlet;
the bottom of the guide column 1 is connected with a collecting dish 4, the bottom of the side wall of the guide column 1 is provided with a water outlet pipe 5, and the bottom of the collecting dish 4 is provided with a discharging pipe 6.
In the technical scheme, the filter screen 2 is used for filtering zooplankton at the inlet of the guide column 1 and is a circular stainless steel wire mesh; the guide column 1, the net fixing cover 3 and the collecting dish 4 are made of acrylic materials.
Preferably, the guide post 1 is connected with one end of a connecting rope 8 through a connecting buckle 7. The guide column 1 is controlled to reach or leave the water layer to be measured by the connecting rope 8. In this embodiment, the connection buckle 7 can be designed with reference to a TC-800C type snap-cap sampler link buckle.
Preferably, the guide post 1 is in the shape of a cylindrical cylinder, the net fixing cover 3 is in the shape of a circular ring, and the collecting dish 4 is in the shape of a circular disc.
Preferably, 1 top of guide post and bottom lateral wall surface all are equipped with the external screw thread, 3 bottom inside walls of solid net lid are equipped with the internal thread with 1 top external screw thread matched with of guide post, collect 4 top inside walls of dish and be equipped with the internal thread with 1 bottom external screw thread matched with of guide post. The installation mode can be conveniently disassembled and assembled, and the measuring speed can be improved.
Preferably, a first valve 5.1 is arranged on the water outlet pipe 5, and a second valve 6.1 is arranged on the discharge pipe 6.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1, the water outlet pipe 5 and the water outlet pipe 6 are both rubber pipes, and the first valve 5.1 and the second valve 6.1 are both of a water stop clip structure. The water stop clamp has simple and practical structure and is very suitable for the field monitoring process
In addition, the invention also provides a method for measuring the sedimentation rate of algae by using the sedimentation algae collecting device, which comprises the following steps:
step 1): filling the guide column 1 with purified water, fastening the guide column 1 through a connecting rope 8, and sinking the whole settled algae collecting device to the position of a water layer to be detected; the algae in different water layers can be distinguished, and after the settling rate of certain algae to be analyzed is determined, the settled algae collecting device can be settled to the position of the water layer to be detected of the corresponding algae;
step 2): after standing for a period of time t, lifting the whole settled algae collecting device out of the water surface; during the static period, the algae in the water layer to be detected enters the guide column 1 through the inlet at the top of the guide column 1, and is gradually distributed in the purified water, and a part of the algae sinks on the collecting dish 4;
step 3): opening a first valve 5.1 on the water outlet pipe 5, collecting the water body, and determining the number of algae cells in unit volume in the water body according to a microscopic examination method, and recording as C;
step 4): slowly draining the water in the guide column 1 through the water outlet pipe 5, and then separating the collecting disc 4 from the guide column 1;
step 5): opening a second valve 6.1 of the discharge pipe 6, collecting the settled algae in the collection dish 4 into a sample bottle through the discharge pipe 6, and measuring the number of settled algae cells in unit area according to a microscopic examination method, wherein the number is marked as M;
step 6): and (4) calculating the settlement rate omega of the algae at the water layer to be detected according to omega = M/(Ct).
Further, in the step 5), the settled algae in the collection dish 4 is collected into the sample bottle through the discharge pipe 6 by using the scraping brush 9. Can accelerate the collection efficiency of subsiding the alga through scraping brush 9, will subside the alga and scrape into 6 oral areas of discharging pipe fast, finally enter into in the sample bottle.
Further, in the step 2), the whole settled algae collecting device is lifted out of the water surface and then placed on the base 10 with holes, and the discharging pipe 6 passes through the holes of the base 10 downwards. This facilitates the resting of the settled algae collection device, while also protecting the discharge pipe 6 at the bottom surface from damage.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and features in the embodiments and examples in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. A settled algae collection device, comprising: the guide post comprises a guide post (1) in a barrel shape, a filter screen (2) is arranged at an inlet at the top of the guide post (1), a net fixing cover (3) used for fixing the filter screen (2) on the top of the guide post (1) is arranged on the filter screen (2), and the net fixing cover (3) is provided with an inlet;
the bottom of the guide column (1) is connected with a collecting dish (4), a water outlet pipe (5) is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the guide column (1), and a discharge pipe (6) is arranged at the bottom of the collecting dish (4);
the guide post (1) is connected with one end of a connecting rope (8) through a connecting buckle (7).
2. The settled algae collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the guide post (1) is in the shape of a cylindrical barrel, the net fixing cover (3) is in the shape of a circular ring, and the collecting disc (4) is in the shape of a circular disc.
3. The settled algae collection apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the guide post (1) top and bottom lateral wall surface all are equipped with the external screw thread, gu net lid (3) bottom inside wall is equipped with the internal thread with guide post (1) top external screw thread matched with, it is equipped with the internal thread with guide post (1) bottom external screw thread matched with to collect dish (4) top inside wall.
4. The settled algae collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein: be equipped with first valve (5.1) on outlet pipe (5), be equipped with second valve (6.1) on discharging pipe (6).
5. The settled algae collection apparatus of claim 4, wherein: the water outlet pipe (5) and the water outlet pipe (6) are rubber pipes, and the first valve (5.1) and the second valve (6.1) are of water stop clamp structures.
6. A method of determining a settling rate of algae using the settled algae collection apparatus of claim 1, wherein: it comprises the following steps:
step 1): filling the guide column (1) with purified water, fastening the guide column (1) through a connecting rope (8), and sinking the whole settled algae collecting device to the position of a water layer to be detected;
step 2): after standing for a period of time t, lifting the whole settled algae collecting device out of the water surface;
step 3): opening a first valve (5.1) on the water outlet pipe (5), collecting the water body, and determining the number of algae cells in unit volume in the water body according to a microscopic examination method, and recording as C;
step 4): slowly draining the water in the guide column (1) through the water outlet pipe (5), and then separating the collecting disc (4) from the guide column (1);
step 5): opening a second valve (6.1) of the discharge pipe (6), collecting the settled algae in the collection dish (4) into a sample bottle through the discharge pipe (6), and measuring the number of settled algae cells in unit area according to a microscopic examination method and recording the number as M;
step 6): and (4) calculating the settlement rate omega of the algae at the water layer to be detected according to omega = M/(Ct).
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the settling algae collection apparatus determines the settling rate of algae by: in the step 5), the settled algae in the collection dish (4) is collected into a sample bottle through the discharge pipe (6) by using the scraping brush (9).
8. The method of determining the settling rate of algae in the settled algae collection apparatus of claim 6 or 7, wherein: in the step 2), the whole settled algae collecting device is lifted out of the water surface and then placed on a base (10) with holes, and a discharge pipe (6) downwards passes through the holes of the base (10).
CN201710283717.5A 2017-04-26 2017-04-26 Settling algae collecting device and method for measuring settling rate of algae Active CN107036851B (en)

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CN108801675A (en) * 2018-08-07 2018-11-13 中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所 The collection device and method in a kind of deposit surface sedimentation water plant brood body library
CN113092699A (en) * 2021-03-22 2021-07-09 中南民族大学 Method and device for monitoring ecological environment of water area by using flagellates
CN116147991B (en) * 2023-04-18 2023-07-21 湖北工业大学 Water environment pollution sampling device

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CN201141823Y (en) * 2008-01-04 2008-10-29 杨振法 Fine particle substance granule group separation device
CN203534858U (en) * 2013-09-30 2014-04-09 虞小生 Portable sampler with filter screen
KR101618625B1 (en) * 2015-11-25 2016-05-12 동문이엔티(주) Algal homogenization apparatus and method for operating thereof
CN205426567U (en) * 2016-03-05 2016-08-03 国家海洋局北海环境监测中心 Well lower floor water sample hydrophore
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