CN111254581B - 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN111254581B
CN111254581B CN202010069912.XA CN202010069912A CN111254581B CN 111254581 B CN111254581 B CN 111254581B CN 202010069912 A CN202010069912 A CN 202010069912A CN 111254581 B CN111254581 B CN 111254581B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
nanofiber membrane
skeleton
framework
membrane
nanofiber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202010069912.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN111254581A (zh
Inventor
李文望
林经华
王翔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xiamen University of Technology
Original Assignee
Xiamen University of Technology
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xiamen University of Technology filed Critical Xiamen University of Technology
Priority to CN202010069912.XA priority Critical patent/CN111254581B/zh
Publication of CN111254581A publication Critical patent/CN111254581A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN111254581B publication Critical patent/CN111254581B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D04H1/728—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged by electro-spinning
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/541—Composite fibres, e.g. sheath-core, sea-island or side-by-side; Mixed fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/549—Polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/55—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
    • D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
    • D04H1/551—Resins thereof not provided for in groups D04H1/544 - D04H1/55
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/593—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives to layered webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/72—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being randomly arranged
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/04—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles
    • D04H3/045—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments in rectilinear paths, e.g. crossing at right angles for net manufacturing
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D04H3/153—Mixed yarns or filaments

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法，涉及纳米纤维膜领域。该制备方法包括：利用纺丝设备将骨架聚合物材料熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架。再将骨架与纳米纤维膜叠放，加热，熔融态的聚合物溶液渗入纳米纤维膜中填满成为骨架容腔部分的纤维孔隙，冷却得到骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。其中，骨架材料的熔化温度低于纳米纤维膜的熔化温度；骨架的拉伸强度大于纳米纤维膜。骨架融化后填满作为骨架容腔部分的纳米纤维膜孔隙，骨架与纳米纤维膜结合紧密，纳米纤维膜拉伸强度大幅提升。

Description

一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米纤维膜领域，具体而言，涉及一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法。
背景技术
目前增强纳米纤维膜的拉伸强度的方法有制备取向纤维膜、热压纤维膜，通过喷涂、原位复合的方式附加纳米颗粒进行改性，纳米颗粒和纳米纤维膜的结合不够紧密，拉伸强度提升幅度小。这些方法多是通过牺牲一定程度的孔隙率来达到提升纤维膜整体力学性能的效果，在方法实施之前只能通过前期试验或经验来判断孔隙率降低的程度及力学性能提升的程度，且难以通过改变施行方法的工艺条件来精确控制孔隙率缩减的程度及力学性能提升的程度。
发明内容
本发明采用在纳米纤维膜中融入高拉伸强度的骨架材料，能大幅提升纳米纤维膜的拉伸强度。具体方案如下。
本发明提供了一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，包含具有孔隙的纳米纤维膜和熔入所述纳米纤维膜的骨架。所述骨架呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状。所述骨架的材料为能够加热熔化的聚合物，且熔化温度低于所述纳米纤维膜的熔化温度。所述骨架的拉伸强度大于所述纳米纤维膜。
优选地，所述纳米纤维膜为电纺膜。
优选地，所述纳米纤维膜的材料为聚酰亚胺。
优选地，所述聚合物选自聚己内酯、聚乳酸和尼龙6中的一种或多种。
本发明还提供了一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，包含以下步骤：
A.自制骨架：将所述聚合物在纺丝设备中熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架；
B.将所述骨架与所述纳米纤维膜叠放，加热，使所述骨架熔融为液态并浸入所述纳米纤维膜中，冷却得到所述骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。
优选地，所述纺丝设备选用静电纺丝直写机。
优选地，所述聚合物选用聚乳酸，步骤B中加热的温度是190～260℃，加热的时间是0.1～3min。
优选地，所述聚合物选用尼龙6，步骤B中加热的温度是240～250℃，加热的时间是0.1～3min。
优选地，步骤B中，在加热的同时对所述骨架进行加压，在不损毁所述纳米纤维膜的情况下，采用滚轴或平面向下热压。
优选地，步骤B中，所述骨架和所述纳米纤维膜的用量质量比为1:5～1:30。
本发明的有益效果是：
1.骨架融化后填充部分纳米纤维膜孔隙，骨架与纳米纤维膜结合紧密，纳米纤维膜拉伸强度大幅提升。
2.可依性能，灵活地选择功能性骨架材料，如采用抗菌成分骨架分布于纳米纤维膜上，使得纳米纤维膜也具有抗菌成分；可以进行纤维膜交联强度的提升，也可以进行单一方向上的拉伸强度提升。
3.应用范围广，可直接运用于现有耐热纳米纤维膜上，仅需选择熔点低于原有纳米纤维膜的骨架材料。
4.本发明选用的是后处理的方式来提升纳米纤维膜的拉伸性能，且在实验前可通过骨架占纳米纤维膜的百分比，预期纳米纤维膜强度提升程度及孔隙率降低程度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施方式的技术方案，下面将对实施方式中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对保护范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是实施例1和2提供的纳米纤维膜和骨架融合过程的示意图；
图2是实施例1提供的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的光学显微镜图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。实施例中未注明具体条件者，按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者，均为可以通过市售购买获得的常规产品。
下面对本发明实施例的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法进行具体说明。
本发明实施例提供了一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，包含具有孔隙的纳米纤维膜和熔入所述纳米纤维膜的骨架。所述骨架呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状。所述骨架的材料为能够加热熔化的聚合物，且熔化温度低于所述纳米纤维膜的熔化温度。所述骨架的拉伸强度大于所述纳米纤维膜。
其中，所述纳米纤维膜为电纺膜。通过电纺丝获得的纳米纤维膜的孔隙率高，且具有较好的亲液性，便于与骨架融合。
其中，所述纳米纤维膜的材料为聚酰亚胺。聚酰亚胺熔融温度较高在300℃以上，适用性广。
其中，所述聚合物选自聚己内酯、聚乳酸和尼龙6中的一种或多种。例如，对弯曲强度要求较低时可以采用聚乳酸(PLA)作为骨架材料。对弯曲强度要求较高可以采用尼龙6(PA6)作为骨架材料。
本发明实施例还提供了一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，包含以下步骤：
A.自制骨架：将所述聚合物在挤出设备中熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架。
B.将所述骨架与所述纳米纤维膜叠放，加热，使所述骨架熔融为液态并浸入所述纳米纤维膜中，冷却得到所述骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。
优选地，所述挤出设备选用3D打印机或静电纺丝直写机。3D打印机或静电纺丝直写机均能够对挤出材料的形状进行设计，实现网格型或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架的制备。使用上述设备，便于调整骨架直径和结构。
优选地，所述聚合物选用聚乳酸，步骤B中加热的温度是190～260℃，加热的时间是0.1～3min。聚乳酸的拉伸强度高，以聚乳酸为骨架材料，能够显著提升材料的拉伸强度。此加热温度时，聚乳酸熔融为液态，流动性较强，易渗入纳米纤维膜中。加热时间以骨架完全熔融渗入纳米纤维膜为准，如较细骨架10s左右即可渗入纳米纤维膜中。
优选地，所述聚合物选用尼龙6，步骤B中加热的温度是240～250℃，加热的时间是0.1～3min。尼龙6的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均较高，以尼龙6为骨架材料，能够显著提升材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度。
优选地，步骤B中，在加热的同时对所述骨架进行加压，在不损毁所述纳米纤维膜的情况下，采用滚轴或平面向下热压。当骨架材料加热后的流动性差时，对其进行加压，以使骨架材料融入纳米纤维膜的孔隙中。
优选地，步骤B中，所述骨架和所述纳米纤维膜的用量质量比为1:5～1:30。
以下通过实施例对本发明的方案进行具体说明。
实施例1
本实施例提供一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，根据以下步骤制得。
A.自制骨架：将骨架原材料聚乳酸(PLA)在静电纺丝直写机中熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状的骨架，骨架分子量为8万。
B.将1质量份的骨架置于4.5质量份的聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜上，在230℃下加热2min，观察到骨架熔融为液态并浸入聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜中；冷却，如图1的示意图，骨架与聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜融为一体；得到骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，如图2所示。
骨架原材料聚乳酸(PLA)的拉伸强度大于聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，但其熔点低于聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，加热过程能保持纤维膜原来的形状。
本实施例得到骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，骨架质量占比全膜的18％，相比原聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，孔隙率下降12％，拉伸强度由4MP提升至34.23MP。
实施例2
本实施例提供一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，根据以下步骤制得。
A.自制骨架：以质量比为10:1的尼龙6(PA6)和抗菌防螨卢卡纤维为骨架材料，将骨架原材料投入3D打印机中熔融并挤出，得到呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架。
B.将1质量份的骨架置于10质量份的聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜上，在260℃下加热2min，在加热的同时用滚轴对所述骨架进行加压，压强为0.5MPa，以加快尼龙6融入聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜中。观察到骨架熔融为液态并浸入聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜中；冷却，如图1的示意图，骨架与聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜融为一体；得到具有抗菌功能的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。
骨架原材料尼龙6(PA6)和抗菌防螨卢卡纤维的拉伸强度大于聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，但其熔点低于聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，加热过程能保持纤维膜原来的形状。
本实施例得到骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，骨架质量占比全膜的9％，相比原聚酰亚胺电纺纤维膜，孔隙率下降6％，拉伸强度由8.83MP提升至39.6MP。
以上所描述的实施例仅是本发明的部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例，本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制本发明要求保护的范围，而仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，其特征在于：包含具有孔隙的纳米纤维膜和熔入所述纳米纤维膜的骨架；所述骨架呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状；所述骨架的材料为能够加热熔化的聚合物，且熔化温度低于所述纳米纤维膜的熔化温度；所述骨架的拉伸强度大于所述纳米纤维膜；所述纳米纤维膜的材料为聚酰亚胺；所述聚合物为尼龙6；所述骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备包含以下步骤：
A.自制骨架：将所述聚合物在纺丝设备中熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架；B.将所述骨架与所述纳米纤维膜叠放，加热，使所述骨架熔融为液态并浸入所述纳米纤维膜中，冷却得到所述骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜，其特征在于，所述纳米纤维膜为电纺膜。
3.一种如权利要求1～2任意一项所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，其特征在于，包含以下步骤：
A.自制骨架：将所述聚合物在纺丝设备中熔融并挤出，得到呈网格状或呈平行排列的条纹状的骨架；
B.将所述骨架与所述纳米纤维膜叠放，加热，使所述骨架熔融为液态并浸入所述纳米纤维膜中，冷却得到所述骨架增强型纳米纤维膜。
4.根据权利要求3所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述纺丝设备选用静电纺丝直写机。
5.根据权利要求3所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，其特征在于，所述聚合物选用尼龙6，步骤B中加热的温度是240～250℃，加热的时间是0.1～3min。
6.根据权利要求5所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤B中，在加热的同时对所述骨架进行加压，在不损毁所述纳米纤维膜的情况下，采用滚轴或平面向下热压。
7.根据权利要求5所述的骨架增强型纳米纤维膜的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤B中，所述骨架和所述纳米纤维膜的用量质量比为1:5～1:30。
CN202010069912.XA 2020-01-21 2020-01-21 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法 Active CN111254581B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010069912.XA CN111254581B (zh) 2020-01-21 2020-01-21 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010069912.XA CN111254581B (zh) 2020-01-21 2020-01-21 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN111254581A CN111254581A (zh) 2020-06-09
CN111254581B true CN111254581B (zh) 2021-03-12

Family

ID=70950927

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202010069912.XA Active CN111254581B (zh) 2020-01-21 2020-01-21 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN111254581B (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113057761A (zh) * 2021-03-10 2021-07-02 上海市肺科医院 一种仿生气管及其制备方法
GB2610794A (en) * 2021-05-02 2023-03-22 Zephlinear Ltd Method of manufacturing hybrid additive fabric, the fabric, and tools for manufacturing fabric

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3984095B2 (ja) * 2002-04-30 2007-09-26 ユニチカ株式会社 均質な外観を呈する不織布の製造方法
CN103541149B (zh) * 2013-08-29 2017-04-05 天津工业大学 一种增强静电纺纳米纤维膜的方法
CN103437071A (zh) * 2013-09-11 2013-12-11 浙江伟星实业发展股份有限公司 一种静电纺纳米纤维膜及其制备方法
CN104727016A (zh) * 2014-04-01 2015-06-24 浙江伟星实业发展股份有限公司 一种纳米纤维复合膜及其制备方法
CN107268185B (zh) * 2017-06-09 2019-11-08 东华大学 一种混合纺丝制备稳定结构柔性拉胀材料的方法
CN107780052B (zh) * 2017-10-27 2020-09-04 长沙新材料产业研究院有限公司 一种聚酰亚胺纳米纤维膜及其制备方法
CN110585487B (zh) * 2019-09-23 2021-07-23 湖南大学 一种负载离子和几何图案信号的医用骨膜支架及其构建方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111254581A (zh) 2020-06-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN111254581B (zh) 一种骨架增强型纳米纤维膜及其制备方法
Naeimirad et al. Recent advances in core/shell bicomponent fibers and nanofibers: A review
Lee et al. Role of molecular weight of atactic poly (vinyl alcohol)(PVA) in the structure and properties of PVA nanofabric prepared by electrospinning
Deravi et al. Design and fabrication of fibrous nanomaterials using pull spinning
Maleki et al. The influence of process parameters on the properties of electrospun PLLA yarns studied by the response surface methodology
CN101707929B (zh) 复合聚酰胺制品
CN106163776B (zh) 使用聚合物的水性分散体制造预浸渍有热塑性聚合物的纤维质材料的方法
Molnar et al. Determination of tensile strength of electrospun single nanofibers through modeling tensile behavior of the nanofibrous mat
Liu et al. Controllable structure, properties, and degradation of the electrospun PLGA/PLA‐blended nanofibrous scaffolds
CN102899738B (zh) 一种超细酚醛纤维的制备方法
CN106163756A (zh) 在流化床中生产预浸渍有热塑性聚合物的纤维质材料的方法
Li et al. Fabrication of three‐dimensional porous scaffolds with controlled filament orientation and large pore size via an improved E‐jetting technique
CN103055721B (zh) 高通量高强度聚四氟乙烯中空纤维膜的制备方法
EP2876133A3 (en) Fiber-containing prepregs and methods and systems of making
De Schoenmaker et al. Electrospun polyamide 4.6 nanofibrous nonwovens: parameter study and characterization
KR20170104369A (ko) 단일 단계에서 천연 섬유, 특히 리넨의 스트랜드 또는 리본을 함침시키기 위한 연속 장치
Cardoso et al. Evaluation of printing parameters on porosity and mechanical properties of 3D printed PLA/PBAT blend parts
CN113046855A (zh) 一种低线密度束状聚四氟乙烯长丝及其制备工艺和用途
CN105603543B (zh) 聚丙烯腈溶液的喷丝方法
CN108265394A (zh) 一种可生物降解熔喷聚丁二酸丁二醇酯无纺布及其制备方法
Shneider et al. Electrospinning of epoxy fibers
Liu et al. Electrospun core–sheath fibers for integrating the biocompatibility of silk fibroin and the mechanical properties of PLCL
CN106811847A (zh) 一种纤维增强热塑性复合材料用混纤纱及其制备方法
KR101983025B1 (ko) 폴리페닐렌설파이드 멜트블라운 부직포의 제조방법
CN103757721A (zh) 一种聚酰胺酰亚胺纤维湿法一步纺丝工艺

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant