CN111254341B - High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment and production method thereof - Google Patents
High-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment and a production method thereof, and the process flow is as follows: molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid washing, cold rolling, continuous annealing and coating. RH refiningAfter treatment, the molten steel end point chemical composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 1.2%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, Als is less than or equal to 0.05%, P: 0.04-0.06%, [ S + C + N + Ti%]Less than or equal to 80ppm, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The aluminum-free composition is designed to reduce the inclusion content in the steel and improve the magnetic performance. By matching with the process, the product has the thickness of 0.50mm and the thickness of B 50 ≥1.75T、P 1.5/50 The surface quality is not more than 4.8W/kg, the surface quality is good, the defect of corrugation is avoided, and the design requirement of power generation equipment is met. And alloy elements are not added, CSP flow or secondary cold rolling and other modes are not adopted, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of non-oriented electrical steel manufacturing, and particularly relates to high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment and a production method thereof.
Background
In recent years, with the continuous development of the national power industry, the market share of power generation equipment is rapidly expanding. Compared with the traditional compressor motor and the small motor, the power generation equipment requires higher working efficiency. The non-oriented electrical steel is used as a main material for preparing the motor iron core, the magnetic property of the non-oriented electrical steel plays a decisive role in the working efficiency of the motor, and particularly the improvement of the magnetic induction can obviously improve the motor efficiency.
Chinese patent No. 201210142261.8, publication No. CN102676916A, published on 9/19/2012, discloses a non-oriented electrical steel for high magnetic induction frequency conversion compressor and a preparation method thereof, and discloses a component system which adopts 2.6-2.9% of Si, 0.4-0.55% of Mn, 0.8-1.0% of Al and 0.025-0.035% of Sn and improves magnetic induction by matching with a normalizing temperature of 960-980 ℃. However, since Sn is a grain boundary segregation element, grain size increases and grain boundary segregation increases after high-temperature normalization, which easily causes cold rolling and strip breakage, and significantly affects production.
The Chinese patent application number published in 2018, 8, month and 17 is as follows: 201810310723.X, published CN108411205A, A method for producing high-magnetic-induction low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel by CSP process discloses a method for producing high-magnetic-induction low-iron-loss non-oriented electrical steel by adopting a component system with 0.1-3.0% of Si, 0.10-1.5% of Al, 0.10-1.5% of Mn and [ S + O + C + N + Ti ] less than or equal to 80PPM, reducing iron loss by adopting a secondary cold rolling method and improving magnetic induction, increasing working procedures by the method to cause production cost to rise, and having obvious corrugation defects on the surface of the electrical steel. Patent applications such as the non-oriented electrical steel and the method thereof produced by continuous casting and rolling of thin slabs, publication No. CN 102134675A published on 27.7.2011, and patent applications such as the non-oriented electrical steel and the method thereof produced by continuous casting and rolling of thin slabs, publication No. CN 101906577A published on 8.12.2010, disclose production methods of the non-oriented electrical steel, but when the non-oriented electrical steel is produced by a CSP process, once a rolling mill or coiling has a problem, an ultra-thick hot rolled plate is produced, once the total cold rolling reduction rate exceeds 90 percent, (111) texture is sharply increased, and the magnetic induction value of the product cannot meet the requirement and cannot be used.
In summary, in the prior art, Sb and Sn alloy elements are mostly added, or CSP process or secondary cold rolling and other manners are adopted, and the requirement of improving magnetic induction with low iron loss is met through process cooperation, so that the problems of increased production difficulty, increased cost, surface corrugation and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a production method of high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment, which is used for obtaining the steel with the thickness of 0.50mm and B 50 ≥1.75T、P 1.5/50 The high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel product with the surface quality of less than or equal to 4.8W/kg meets the design requirement of power generation equipment.
The invention also aims to provide the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for the small power generation equipment.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a production method of high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment comprises the following process flows of: molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid washing, cold rolling, continuous annealing and coating.
Further, after RH refining treatment, the molten steel has the end-point chemical components by mass percent of Si: 0.5 to 1.2%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, Als is less than or equal to 0.05%, P: 0.04-0.06%, less than or equal to 80ppm of [ S + C + N + Ti ], and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, C is less than or equal to 30ppm, S is less than or equal to 20ppm, N is less than or equal to 15ppm, and Ti is less than or equal to 15 ppm;
si has the functions of improving the resistivity and reducing the iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel;
mn and S form MnS, so that the hot brittleness phenomenon caused by FeS with a low melting point formed along a grain boundary can be prevented, in addition, Mn expands a gamma phase region to promote the coarsening of MnS, promote the strengthening of {100} and {110} components and the weakening of {111} components, and improve the magnetism;
p can obviously improve the resistivity and further reduce the iron loss of the non-oriented electrical steel, and in addition, the segregation of P along the grain boundary can improve the {100} component and reduce the {111} component and further improve the magnetic induction;
the Als content is more than 0.15%, the same effect as silicon is achieved, but in consideration of reducing impurities, the design requirement of the patent is that the Als content is less than or equal to 0.05%;
c is a harmful element for non-oriented electrical steel, but the continuous annealing process can be decarbonized, and the steelmaking cost is comprehensively considered, so the design requirement C in the patent is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent;
s is a harmful element for non-oriented electrical steel, and the steelmaking cost is comprehensively considered, so the design requirement of S in the patent is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent;
n is a harmful element for non-oriented electrical steel, the aging effect of N on electrical steel is more serious than that of C, and the steelmaking cost is comprehensively considered, so the design requirement N in the patent is less than or equal to 0.0015%;
ti is a harmful element for non-oriented electrical steel, and the steelmaking cost is comprehensively considered, so the design requirement of Ti in the patent is that Ti is less than or equal to 0.0015 percent.
Further, in the hot rolling step, the plate blank is heated to 1060-1120 ℃, the soaking time is more than or equal to 60min, the thickness of the intermediate blank is 28-35 mm, the hot rolling thickness is 1.8-2.5 mm after 7 times of finish rolling, the finish rolling temperature is 820-900 ℃, and the coiling temperature is 700-780 ℃.
Further, in the hot rolling step, the hot rolled steel coil is directly cooled by air after being coiled; or hoisting the coiled hot rolled coil to a cover type furnace at 700 ℃, and closing a power supply to slowly cool along with the furnace.
Preferably, the coiled hot rolled coil is lifted to a hood type furnace at 700 ℃, and is discharged from the furnace for air cooling when the power supply is turned off and the furnace is slowly cooled to 300 ℃. The hot rolled coil is more uniform in texture, and the {100} and {110} components are strengthened to weaken the {111} component and improve the magnetic property.
Further, the acid washing specifically comprises: and pickling with hydrochloric acid, controlling the pickling temperature to be 60-90 ℃, and enabling the surface to be free of macroscopic scale or stain after pickling.
Further, the cold rolling specifically comprises: the target thickness is 0.50mm by four passes.
Further, in the continuous annealing step, the concentration of alkali liquor in the alkaline washing section is 2.0-3.5%, the temperature of the alkali liquor is 60-80 ℃, and the surface of the cold-rolled strip steel is ensured to be cleaned, so that the subsequent coating has good adhesive force; the internal tension of the annealing furnace is less than or equal to 2.0N/mm 2 The product has lower anisotropy on the premise of meeting the national standard requirement; the annealing process temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the process temperature time is 1-3 min, so that crystal grains grow up to ensure the magnetic performance; annealing atmosphere is N 2 And H 2 Mixed gas of H 2 The gas volume fraction is controlled according to 25-30%, and the dew point in the furnace is controlled below 10 ℃.
Further, in the coating step, the surface of the strip steel is coated with a magnesium chromate coating, the coating is baked at a temperature of 300-340 ℃, and Cr in the coating is enabled to be in the range of 300-340 DEG C 6+ Is rapidly reduced into Cr 3+ And the environmental protection requirement is met and the adhesive force is good.
The invention provides high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment, which is produced by adopting the method.
Compared with the prior art, the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel product for the small power generation equipment, which is produced by the invention, is 0.50mm thick and B 50 ≥1.75T、P 1.5/50 Less than or equal to 4.8W/kg, good surface quality,no corrugated mark defect exists; the design requirement of the power generation equipment is met. Alloy elements are not added, CSP flow or secondary cold rolling and other modes are not adopted, and the cost is low.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a transverse metallographic photograph of a finished nonoriented electrical steel of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal metallographic photograph of a finished nonoriented electrical steel product of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a transverse metallographic photograph of a finished non-oriented electrical steel product of comparative example 2;
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal metallographic photograph of a finished non-oriented electrical steel product of comparative example 2;
FIG. 5 is a surface view of a finished nonoriented electrical steel product of example 1.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described with reference to examples.
Example 1
A production method of high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment comprises the following process flows of: molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid washing, cold rolling, continuous annealing and coating.
Wherein the molten steel after RH refining treatment comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 1.2%, Mn: 0.30%, Als: 0.0043%, P: 0.05%, [ S + C + N + Ti%]The balance being 72ppm and the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities. Electromagnetic stirring is adopted for continuous casting, and a casting blank with the specification of 230mm multiplied by 10m is obtained. Heating the casting blank at 1110 ℃, wherein the soaking time is 70min, the thickness of the intermediate blank is set to 35mm, the finish rolling is carried out for 7 passes for 2.0mm, the finish rolling temperature is set to 870 ℃, and the coiling temperature is set to 780 ℃. And hoisting the coiled hot rolled coil to a cover type furnace at 700 ℃, closing a power supply, slowly cooling the coil to 300 ℃, discharging the coil out of the furnace, and air cooling the coil. And pickling with hydrochloric acid, controlling the pickling temperature to be 75 ℃, and removing macroscopic iron oxide scale residues on the surface after pickling. Cold rolling to 0.50mm thickness in 4 times, cleaning the strip steel in NaOH alkaline bath with concentration of 2.5% and temperature of 70 deg.C, annealing in continuous annealing furnace with unit tension of 1.8N/mm 2 Controlling the temperature in the furnace to be H 2 +N 2 Mixed reducing atmosphere, H 2 The concentration of the active carbon is 26%,the dew point in the furnace is-5 ℃, the annealing process temperature is 860 ℃, and the annealing time is 1 min. And (3) coating a magnesium chromate coating on the annealed strip steel by a coating unit, drying and curing, wherein the surface temperature of the strip steel during baking is 300 ℃.
Other processes, parameters not mentioned are carried out according to the prior art.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 3.82W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.78T, the average grain size is 70 mu m (as shown in figures 1 and 2), the surface quality is good, and the corrugated defect is avoided, and various performance indexes (as shown in figure 5) meet the design requirements of power generation equipment.
Example 2
The production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for the small power generation equipment is different from the production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel in the embodiment 1:
(1) the chemical components by mass percentage are as follows: 0.72%, Mn: 0.21%, Als: 0.0053%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 64ppm, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) the coiling temperature is set to be 740 ℃;
(3) the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, and the annealing time is 1.2 min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.25W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.77T, the average grain size is 59 mu m, the surface quality is good, the corrugation defect is avoided, and various performance indexes meet the design requirements of power generation equipment.
Example 3
The production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for the small power generation equipment is different from the production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel in the embodiment 1:
(1) the chemical components in percentage by mass are Si: 0.51%, Mn: 0.14%, Als: 0.0033%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 78ppm, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) the coiling temperature is set to 700 ℃;
(3) the annealing process temperature is 800 ℃, and the annealing time is 3 min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.57W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.75T, the average grain size is 51 mu m, the surface quality is good, the corrugation defect is avoided, and various performance indexes meet the design requirements of power generation equipment.
Example 4
The production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for the small power generation equipment is different from the production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel in the embodiment 1:
(1) the chemical components by mass percentage are as follows: 0.72%, Mn: 0.21%, Als: 0.0053%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 64ppm, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) setting the coiling temperature to be 740 ℃, and directly air-cooling the hot rolled steel coil after coiling;
(3) the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, and the annealing time is 1.2 min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.33W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.76T, the average grain size is 55 mu m, the surface quality is good, the corrugation defect is avoided, and various performance indexes meet the design requirements of power generation equipment.
Example 5
The production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for the small power generation equipment is different from the production method of the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel in the embodiment 1:
(1) the chemical components by mass percentage are as follows: 0.72%, Mn: 0.21%, Als: 0.0053%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 64ppm, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) setting the coiling temperature to be 740 ℃, and directly air-cooling the hot rolled steel coil after coiling;
(3) the annealing process temperature is 900 ℃, and the annealing time is 2 min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.8W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.75T, PingThe average grain size is 47 mu m, the surface quality is good, the corrugation defect is avoided, and various performance indexes meet the design requirements of power generation equipment.
Comparative example 1
A production method of non-oriented electrical steel adopts an aluminum-containing component system, and the production flow is the same as that of example 1, except that:
(1) the chemical components in percentage by mass are Si: 0.98%, Mn: 0.30%, Als: 0.31%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 93ppm, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) the coiling temperature is set to be 740 ℃;
(3) the annealing temperature is 850 ℃, and the annealing time is 1.2 min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.43W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.74T, average grain size of 50 μm, good surface quality, no corrugation defect, and magnetic induction B 50 And the design requirements of power generation equipment are not met.
Comparative example 2
A production method of non-oriented electrical steel adopts an aluminum-containing component system, and the production flow is the same as that of example 1, except that:
(1) the chemical components by mass percentage are as follows: 0.98%, Mn: 0.30%, Als: 0.31%, [ S + C + N + Ti ] ═ 93ppm, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities;
(2) setting the coiling temperature to be 740 ℃, and directly air-cooling the hot rolled steel coil after coiling;
(3) the annealing process temperature is 850 ℃, and the annealing time is 1.2 Min.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.51W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.73T, an average grain size of 46 μm (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4), good surface quality, no corrugation defect, and magnetic induction B 50 And the design requirements of power generation equipment are not met.
Comparative example 3
A production method of non-oriented electrical steel adopts an aluminum-containing component system, and the production flow is the same as that of example 1, except that:
(1) after coiling, the hot rolled steel coil is directly air-cooled without slow cooling by a bell-type furnace;
(2) the annealing process temperature is 920 ℃.
The non-oriented electrical steel product prepared by the components and the process has the magnetic property, iron loss P, measured by an Epstein Square circle measuring method 1.5/50 4.01W/Kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.74T, average grain size 66 μm, good surface quality without corrugation defects, but magnetic induction B 50 And the design requirements of power generation equipment are not met.
In summary, the main process parameters and properties of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3 are as follows for example 1:
table 1 comparison of main process parameters and properties of examples 1-5 and comparative examples 1-3
The non-oriented electrical steel produced by the method has good surface quality and meets the design requirement of power generation equipment.
The above detailed description of a high magnetic induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment and the method for producing the same with reference to the embodiments is illustrative and not restrictive, and several embodiments may be enumerated within the scope of the limitations, so that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the general concept of the present invention and fall within the scope of the protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A production method of high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small power generation equipment comprises the following process flows of: the method comprises the following steps of molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, RH refining, continuous casting, hot rolling, acid washing, cold rolling, continuous annealing and coating, and is characterized in that after the RH refining treatment, the molten steel has the end-point chemical components in percentage by mass as Si: 0.5 to 1.2%, Mn: 0.1-0.3%, Als is less than or equal to 0.05%, P: 0.04-0.06%, less than or equal to 30ppm of C, less than or equal to 20ppm of S, less than or equal to 15ppm of N, less than or equal to 15ppm of Ti, less than or equal to 80ppm of [ S + C + N + Ti ], and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
in the hot rolling step, the thickness of the intermediate blank is 28-35 mm, and the hot rolled steel coil is directly air-cooled after being coiled; or hoisting the coiled hot rolled coil to a cover type furnace at 700 ℃, and closing a power supply to slowly cool along with the furnace;
in the continuous annealing step, the concentration of alkali liquor in the alkali washing section is 2.0-3.5%, the temperature of the alkali liquor is 60-80 ℃, and the internal tension of the annealing furnace is less than or equal to 2.0N/mm 2 (ii) a The annealing process temperature is 800-900 ℃, and the process temperature time is 1-3 min; annealing atmosphere is N 2 And H 2 Mixed gas of H 2 The gas volume fraction is controlled according to 25 to 30 percent, and the dew point in the furnace is controlled below 10 ℃;
the pickling is performed by hydrochloric acid, and the pickling temperature is controlled to be 60-90 ℃;
the high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel B for the small power generation equipment 50 ≥1.75T、P 1.5/50 ≤4.8W/kg。
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the hot rolling step, the slab is heated to 1060 to 1120 ℃ for soaking for 60min or more.
3. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the hot rolling step, the finish rolling temperature is 820 to 900 ℃.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the hot rolling step is carried out at a coiling temperature of 700 to 780 ℃.
5. The production method according to claim 1, wherein in the coating step, the surface of the strip steel is coated with a magnesium chromate coating, and the coating is baked at a temperature of 300 to 340 ℃.
6. A high-magnetic-induction non-oriented electrical steel for small-sized power generation equipment produced by the production method described in any one of claims 1 to 5.
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