CN114058953B - Low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing and production method thereof - Google Patents
Low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding type processing and a production method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of silicon steel production. The non-oriented silicon steel comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:1.5 to 2.5%, mn:0.15 to 1.0%, als:0.5 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The production process comprises the following steps: molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting, vacuum treatment and continuous casting; heating and hot rolling; normalizing; cold rolling and annealing; preserving heat and cooling; and coating an insulating layer. According to the invention, the non-oriented silicon steel with excellent electromagnetic performance and elongation can be produced by optimizing the components and the proportion of the non-oriented silicon steel in combination with process operation, so that the winding type processing and using requirements of electrical steel can be effectively met, and the production process flow is short and the cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel rolling production, and particularly relates to low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing and a production method thereof.
Background
The traditional production method of the motor stator core is formed by welding or riveting a plurality of punched single sheets, and the sheets are not related to each other, so that more or less material or artificial difference exists on each material, and meanwhile, due to the influence of pressure during welding or riveting, the problems of gaps, cracking and the like can occur, the performance of the motor is influenced, besides, the corners and the middle part of the motor stator core are wasted during punching, and the utilization rate of the material is low. And the processing mode of the wound stator core only needs to be processed by the processes of uncoiling, leveling, stamping, winding, welding, finishing and the like, so that the material utilization rate is greatly improved. Meanwhile, each stator core is formed by continuously winding the same strip steel, and is subjected to powerful shaping by a press machine, so that the size precision and the performance of the stator core are superior to those of punching sheet type processing.
For the silicon steel material for the stator core of the motor produced by adopting the winding type processing mode, the high elongation percentage is also required while the requirements on low iron loss and high magnetic induction are met. In the prior art, the iron loss is reduced by adding aluminum, but the addition of aluminum inevitably causes great reduction of the elongation percentage while reducing the iron loss, so that the requirement of winding processing is difficult to ensure.
For example, the Chinese patent application number is: 202010344453.1, filed as: the invention is named as follows on the year 2020, 4 and 27 months: a high magnetic induction non-oriented silicon steel for an automobile generator and a preparation method thereof. The high-magnetic-induction non-oriented silicon steel for the automobile generator comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.60 to 1.60 percent of Si; 0.10 to 0.65 percent of Mn0; 0.040-0.100% of P; als is less than or equal to 0.0080 percent; 0.01 to 0.10 percent of Sns; c + S + O + N + Ti is less than or equal to 100ppm, and the content of each element is less than or equal to 25ppm; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurity elements. The application optimizes the components and process design, the magnetic performance of the final product meets the requirements that the iron loss P is 1.5/50 and is less than or equal to 4.50W/kg, and the magnetic induction B50 is more than or equal to 1.74T; the mechanical property meets that the Vickers microhardness HV1 is in the range of 110-120, and the elongation A50 is more than or equal to 40 percent; the final product of the non-oriented silicon steel meets the requirements of users on the performance of the automobile generator and the winding type processing of the stator. However, the non-oriented silicon steel obtained in the application has relatively high iron loss, namely P1.5/50 is less than or equal to 4.50W/kg, and the iron loss of the non-oriented silicon steel needs to be further reduced for better producing the non-oriented silicon steel with low iron loss performance.
For another example, the chinese patent application No. is: 202010330218.9, filing date: the invention is named as follows in 22 days 4 and 22 months in 2020: a non-oriented electrical steel for a non-standard thickness electric bicycle motor and a production method thereof. The components of the electrical steel in the application comprise less than or equal to 0.004 percent of C, si:0.9-1.9%, mn:0.3-0.7%, als:0.3 to 1.5 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.005 percent of S, less than or equal to 0.04 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.004 percent of Ti, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The finally obtained non-oriented silicon steel in the application has low magnetic performance and iron loss, high magnetic induction, low yield strength and tensile strength and low hardness to a certain extent, but the elongation of the non-oriented silicon steel in the application needs to be further improved, the process flow provided by the application is adopted for production, the non-standard thickness increases the production cost, and the production efficiency can be influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing non-oriented silicon steel has high iron loss, relatively poorer magnetic performance and lower elongation rate, so that the use requirement of electrical steel is difficult to meet, and the existing non-oriented silicon steel is not beneficial to winding processing, and provides the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing and the production method thereof. By adopting the technical scheme, the problems can be effectively solved, and the non-oriented silicon steel with excellent electromagnetic performance and elongation rate is produced, so that the winding type processing and using requirements of electrical steel can be effectively met, and the manufacturing process flow is short and the cost is relatively low.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:1.5 to 2.5%, mn:0.15 to 1.0%, als:0.5 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Furthermore, the total content of other elements C is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, ti is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and the total content of other impurities V, nb, B, ca, mo and Ni is required to be controlled below 0.02 percent.
Further, the amount of Si and Al added is controlled to be Al: si = 0.42-0.45, more preferably 0.43.
Further, its iron loss P 1.5/50 Less than 3.0W/kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.68T, elongation A 50 ≥28％。
The invention relates to a production method of low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, which comprises the following process steps:
firstly, pretreating molten iron, smelting in a converter, carrying out vacuum treatment and continuously casting;
step two, heating and hot rolling;
step three, normalizing treatment;
step four, cold rolling and annealing;
step five, heat preservation and cooling;
and step six, coating an insulating layer.
Furthermore, in the step one, the content of FeO in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent through the reduction modification of the ladle top slag, and the CaO/Al in the slag is ensured 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled to be 1.4-1.8, and the total oxygen content in the casting blank is controlled to be stabilized below 15 ppm.
Furthermore, in the second step, the casting blank is heated and hot-rolled in a hot charging mode, the charging temperature is more than 300 ℃, the heating temperature of the casting blank is controlled to be 1050-1200 ℃, and the heating time is controlled to be 120-250 min; in the third step, the obtained hot-rolled plate with the thickness of 2.0-3.0 mm is normalized at 850-1000 ℃ to obtain coarse (100) and (110) oriented grain structures with the grain sizes of more than 150 microns.
Further, in the fourth step, the cold-rolled strip steel is annealed in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere at 900-1000 ℃, the dew point is controlled below-10 ℃, wherein H in the nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere is controlled 2 The content accounts for 30-45%, and the oxygen content in the furnace is controlled below 20 ppm.
Furthermore, in the fifth step, the band steel is kept at a high temperature for a period of time, which is generally controlled to be 30-50 s, so that the band steel is fully recrystallized to obtain a required tissue, and then the band steel is cooled; after the strip steel is indirectly cooled, the strip steel is cooled at a specified cooling speed.
Furthermore, the cooling section adopts air cooling and comprises controlled cooling and rapid cooling, wherein the cooling speed of the strip steel is controlled by adjusting the air quantity during the controlled cooling, so that the strip steel is cooled in the section at the cooling rate of 15-35 ℃/s, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the strip steel is controlled to be 300-500 ℃.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, the components and the mass percentage ranges of the components are optimally designed, so that the comprehensive electromagnetic performance of the obtained non-oriented silicon steel can be guaranteed, particularly, the obtained product has excellent elongation rate under the conditions of low iron loss and high magnetic induction strength, the obtained non-oriented silicon steel can effectively meet the winding processing and using requirements of electrical steel, the manufacturing cost is low, and the economic benefit is high.
(2) The low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing mainly adopts a Si + Al component design idea, controls the Si content to be 1.5-2.5% and the Al content to be 0.5-1.5%, and produces the iron loss P through the mutual matching of the components 1.5/50 Less than 3.0W/kg, magnetic induction greater than 1.68T, elongation A 50 Not less than 28 percent of non-oriented electrical steel, on one hand, the electromagnetic performance of the product is effectively ensured, and the use requirement of the electrical steel is further met; on the other hand, on the basis of guaranteeing electrical steel electromagnetic property, guarantee the percentage elongation to satisfy the demand of wound form processing.
(3) The low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing is prepared by strictly controlling the addition of the components, particularly controlling the ratio of Al: si = 0.42-0.45, thereby ensuring the elongation percentage of the silicon steel while ensuring the magnetic performance of the silicon steel, being beneficial to reducing the processing brittleness of the silicon steel and ensuring that the obtained non-oriented silicon steel can be used for the winding type processing of electrical steel. Meanwhile, the Mn and S elements are accurately controlled, so that Mn/S is more than or equal to 10, the hot rolling plasticity of the silicon steel can be effectively improved, the strength is improved, and the punching performance is improved.
(4) According to the production method of the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, disclosed by the invention, the non-oriented silicon steel with excellent electromagnetic performance and relatively high elongation can be obtained by optimally designing the component proportion and the production process, particularly by optimally designing the parameters of smelting, heating, annealing, heat preservation and cooling processes, so that the processing and using requirements of electrical steel can be effectively met, the manufacturing process is short, additional production procedures are not required, and the production cost is low.
(5) According to the production method of the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, during annealing, a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere is introduced, the content of hydrogen in the mixed atmosphere is controlled to be 30% -45%, and the content of oxygen in a furnace is controlled to be below 20ppm, so that the electromagnetic performance and the elongation of the obtained non-oriented silicon steel can be effectively guaranteed. Meanwhile, the strip steel is subjected to short heat preservation at high temperature for a period of time to fully complete recrystallization, cooling treatment is carried out after the required tissue is obtained, and the cooling process is optimally designed, so that the elongation of the strip steel can be ensured to be at a higher level, and the electromagnetic performance of a final product can be ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a table showing values (wt%) of chemical components in various embodiments and various proportions in the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows the performance test results of the products obtained in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the furnace atmosphere on the surface quality and the internal microstructure of the steel strip in comparative example 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of the furnace atmosphere on the surface quality and the internal microstructure of the steel strip in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, which comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:1.5 to 2.5%, mn:0.15 to 1.0%, als:0.5 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. Wherein, the element C is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, the S is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, the Ti is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and the total content of the other impurities of V, nb, B, ca, mo and Ni is required to be controlled below 0.02 percent. More optimally, the adding amount of the Si and the Al is controlled to be Al: si = 0.42-0.45, more preferably, when 0.43 is taken as the best, mn/S is more than or equal to 10. The invention relates to a deviceThe components and the mass percentage range of the components are optimally designed, so that the electromagnetic performance of the obtained non-oriented silicon steel can be ensured, particularly, the Si content is 1.5-2.5%, the Al content is 0.5-1.5%, and the iron loss P is 1.5/50 Less than 3.0W/kg, magnetic induction B 50 More than 1.68T, elongation A 50 Not less than 28% of non-oriented electrical steel.
It should be noted that Si is an element for increasing electrical resistance, is the most important alloy element of electrical steel, and needs to be increased in order to obtain low iron loss, but the increase of Si content increases the strength of steel, which leads to strip breakage of steel due to brittle deformation during cold working; the aluminum has similar action with silicon, can improve rho value, reduce gamma zone, promote the growth of crystal grains, reduce iron loss and increase the strength of steel, thus leading to difficult later processing control. According to the invention, the addition amount and the proportion of Si and Al are strictly controlled, and the subsequent appropriate processing technology is matched, so that the elongation can be kept at a higher level as much as possible on the premise of simultaneously ensuring the magnetic property and the mechanical property of the obtained non-oriented silicon steel, and the requirement of subsequent winding type processing of electrical steel is further met. In addition, the silicon steel of the invention controls the addition amount of manganese and sulfur to satisfy that Mn/S is more than or equal to 10, and manganese and sulfur form MnS, thus preventing the hot brittleness phenomenon caused by FeS with low melting point formed along the grain boundary, and ensuring a certain amount of manganese to improve hot rolling plasticity. Meanwhile, manganese can expand a gamma phase region, and the solid solubility product of MnS in the gamma phase is lower than that in the alpha phase, so that the MnS can be promoted to coarsen, and the growth of later crystal grains is facilitated. According to the invention, the Mn/S ratio is controlled to be the above ratio, so that on one hand, good hot workability and MnS coarsening effect can be ensured; on the other hand, the hardness of the low-carbon electrical steel can be improved by matching part of solid-dissolved manganese with P, so that the punching performance of the obtained silicon steel is improved.
The invention relates to low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing, which comprises the following production process steps:
firstly, pretreating molten iron, smelting in a converter, carrying out vacuum treatment and continuously casting;
the steel with the chemical components is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter steelmaking and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 150-250 mm. To say thatObviously, the special proportion of Si and Al in the component system of the invention must strictly control Al inclusion in smelting, and the invention reduces the FeO content in the slag to below 5 percent by reducing and modifying the ladle top slag to ensure the CaO/Al content in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled to be 1.4-1.8, so that the capacity of adsorbing and mixing top slag can be effectively improved, and the total oxygen content in a casting blank is controlled to be stabilized below 15ppm, so that the influence on the product performance can be reduced as far as possible.
Step two, heating and hot rolling;
the casting blank is heated and hot rolled in a hot charging mode, the charging temperature is more than 300 ℃, and the heating temperature of the casting blank is controlled to be 1050-1200 ℃. It should be noted that, as a result of the research by the applicant, a lower heating temperature is advantageous for further reduction of the iron loss, but increases the difficulty of the hot rolling control, and therefore, the present invention is controlled within the above range. The heating time is controlled to be 120-250 min, so that the conditions that the plate blank is not completely burnt and the temperature of the surface and the core part is not uniform due to the short heating time are effectively avoided; and the conditions that the small impurities are dissolved back, grow up in the subsequent heat treatment process, pin grains and influence the electromagnetic performance of the casting blank due to overlong heating time are avoided.
Step three, normalizing treatment;
the obtained hot-rolled sheet having a thickness of 2.0 to 3.0mm is normalized at 850 to 1000 ℃ to obtain a coarse (100) and (110) oriented grain structure of 150 μm or more.
Step four, cold rolling and annealing;
cold rolling to the required thickness, generally 0.35mm. Annealing the cold-rolled strip steel in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere at 900-1000 ℃, and controlling the dew point below-10 ℃. Because of the special proportion of Si and Al, the strip steel is easy to be oxidized in a high-temperature section, and a layer of Fe serving as a main component is formed on the surface of the strip steel 3 O 4 ，Al 2 O 3 ，SiO 2 Oxide layers or oxide dots, the presence of which hinders the deformation of the material. In the process of metal material deformation, along with the implementation of applied stress, dislocation begins to move, and the materialMacroscopic deformation of the material occurs and when the dislocation motion is hindered, a situation occurs in which the strain lags the stress, i.e. the elongation is reduced. At the same time, the performance is deteriorated, and therefore, H in the mixed atmosphere of nitrogen and hydrogen is controlled 2 The content is 30-45%, and the oxygen content in the furnace is controlled below 20 ppm.
Step five, heat preservation and cooling;
the band steel is kept at a high temperature for a period of time, generally controlled at 30-50 s, so as to fully recrystallize to obtain the required tissue, and the crystal grains are completely grown and can not be oxidized. And then cooling the strip steel. The strip steel is indirectly cooled by using a cooling pipe to keep a good plate shape. The cooling pipe furnace indirectly cools the strip steel by sucking cold air through negative pressure caused by the waste discharge fan, and the cooling pipes are arranged above and below the strip steel and are uniformly arranged along the width direction of the strip steel.
Then the strip steel is cooled according to the specified cooling speed. The cooling section is divided into controlled cooling and rapid cooling, and air cooling is adopted. Because the air volume of the rapid cooling section is not adjustable, the strip steel is circularly sprayed and cooled by the maximum air volume all the time. Therefore, controlling the cooling process has a large impact on product performance. The cooling control circulating fan adopts alternating current variable frequency speed regulation, controls the cooling speed of the strip steel by adjusting the air quantity, so that the strip steel is cooled at the section according to the process speed, namely at the cooling rate of 15-35 ℃/s, and controls the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet to be about 300-500 ℃, thereby effectively ensuring the elongation at a higher level and simultaneously ensuring the electromagnetic performance of the product. The cooling is too fast, the internal stress of the strip steel is increased, and the elongation is reduced; too slow cooling, too long product holding time and deteriorated performance. According to the invention, the cooling process is optimized, so that the finally obtained non-oriented silicon steel product can meet the requirements of the invention.
Sixthly, coating an insulating layer;
after the strip steel is taken out of the furnace, the surface of the strip steel is coated with an insulating coating and is dried and solidified at the temperature below 500 ℃, and excellent insulating property is obtained.
The invention is further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
In the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing in this embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components are as listed in the chemical component value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm after molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment, and the FeO content in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent through the reduction and modification of the slag on the top of a steel ladle during the treatment, thereby ensuring the CaO/Al content in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio was controlled at 1.6.
Feeding into a furnace at 500 ℃, heating at 1120 ℃ for 230min, and hot rolling into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5 mm; after being normalized at 930 ℃, the steel is cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.35mm for hard rolling; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, the annealing treatment is carried out at 930 ℃ for 45s, the temperature is kept for 30s at a high temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 30 ℃/s at a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then the insulating coating is coated, and the final product is obtained after drying and curing at 450 ℃.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components of the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing are listed in a chemical composition value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm, and the steel ladle top slag is subjected to reduction modification during treatment, so that the content of FeO in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent, and CaO/Al in the slag is ensured 2 O 3 The ratio was controlled at 1.7.
Feeding into a furnace at 550 ℃, heating for 210min at 1120 ℃, and hot rolling into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5 mm; after being normalized at 930 ℃, the steel is cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.35mm for hard rolling; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, the annealing treatment of 930 ℃ multiplied by 45s is carried out, the temperature is kept for 35s in a high-temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 30 ℃/s in a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet temperature and an outlet temperature is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then the insulating coating is coated, and the final product is obtained after drying and curing at 450 ℃.
Example 3
In the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing in this embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components are as listed in the chemical component value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm, and the steel ladle top slag is subjected to reduction modification during treatment, so that the content of FeO in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent, and CaO/Al in the slag is ensured 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled at 1.5.
Heating at 600 deg.C for 230min at 1120 deg.C, and hot rolling to obtain hot rolled coil with thickness of 2.5 mm; after being normalized at 930 ℃, the steel is cold-rolled to a thickness of 0.35mm for hard rolling; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, the annealing treatment is carried out at 930 ℃ for 45s, the temperature is kept for 30s at a high temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 35 ℃/s at a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 400 ℃, then the insulating coating is coated, and the final product is obtained after drying and curing at 450 ℃.
Example 4
In the embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components of the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing are listed in a chemical composition value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm, and the steel ladle top slag is subjected to reduction modification during treatment, so that the content of FeO in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent, and CaO/Al in the slag is ensured 2 O 3 The ratio was controlled at 1.6.
Feeding into a furnace at 700 ℃, heating for 230min at 1120 ℃, and hot rolling into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5 mm; after normalizing at 930 ℃, cold rolling to a hard roll with the thickness of 0.35 mm; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 17ppm, annealing treatment is carried out at 930 ℃ for 45s, heat preservation is carried out for 50s in a high-temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 30 ℃/s in a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then insulating coating is coated, and after drying and curing are carried out at 450 ℃, the final product is obtained.
Example 5
In the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing in this embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components are as listed in the chemical component value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm after molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment, and the FeO content in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent through the reduction and modification of the slag on the top of a steel ladle during the treatment, thereby ensuring the CaO/Al content in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio was controlled at 1.7.
Feeding into a furnace at 350 ℃, heating at 1100 ℃ for 250min, and hot rolling into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5 mm; after normalizing at 860 ℃, cold rolling to a thickness of 0.35mm for hard rolling; then at 35% by weight of 2 And 65% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, the annealing treatment is carried out at 940 ℃ for 35s, the temperature is kept for 30s at a high-temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 25 ℃/s at a controlled cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then the insulating coating is coated, and the final product is obtained after drying and curing at 450 ℃.
Example 6
In the embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components of the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing are listed in a chemical composition value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm after molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment, and the FeO content in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent through the reduction and modification of the slag on the top of a steel ladle during the treatment, thereby ensuring the CaO/Al content in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled at 1.8.
Feeding into a furnace at 350 ℃, heating at 1050 ℃ for 250min, and hot rolling into a hot rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5 mm; after normalizing at 1000 ℃, cold rolling to 0.35mm thick hard roll; then at 45% H 2 And 55% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 18ppm, annealing treatment is carried out at 900 ℃ for 45s, heat preservation is carried out for 45s at a high temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is 15 ℃/s at a controlled cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then insulating coating is coated, and after drying and curing are carried out at 450 ℃, the final product is obtained.
Example 7
In the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing in this embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components are as listed in the chemical component value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm after molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment, and the FeO content in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent through the reduction and modification of the slag on the top of a steel ladle during the treatment, thereby ensuring the CaO/Al content in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled at 1.4.
Heating at 600 deg.C for 120min at 1200 deg.C, and hot rolling into hot rolled coil with thickness of 2.5 mm; after normalizing at 850 ℃, cold rolling to a hard roll with the thickness of 0.35 mm; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, annealing treatment is carried out at 1000 ℃ for 35s, heat preservation is carried out for 30s in a high-temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 35 ℃/s in a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then insulating coating is coated, and after drying and curing are carried out at 450 ℃, the final product is obtained.
Example 8
In the low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing in this embodiment, the weight percentage ranges of the components are as listed in the chemical component value list in fig. 1.
The test steel with the content is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a casting blank with the thickness of 230mm, and the steel ladle top slag is subjected to reduction modification during treatment, so that the content of FeO in the slag is reduced to below 5 percent, and CaO/Al in the slag is ensured 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled at 1.4.
Heating at 600 deg.C for 120min at 1200 deg.C, and hot rolling into hot rolled coil with thickness of 2.5 mm; after normalizing at 850 ℃, cold rolling to a hard roll with the thickness of 0.35 mm; then at 30% H 2 And 70% of N 2 The oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be 16ppm, annealing treatment is carried out at 1000 ℃ for 35s, heat preservation is carried out for 35s in a high-temperature section for cooling, the cooling rate is controlled to be 35 ℃/s in a cooling section, the temperature difference between an inlet and an outlet is controlled to be about 300 ℃, then insulating coating is coated, and after drying and curing are carried out at 450 ℃, the final product is obtained.
Comparative examples 1 to 2
The test steel with the components of comparative examples 1 and 2 is subjected to molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment and then is continuously cast into a 230mm casting blank, the blank is heated for 230min at 1120 ℃ and is hot-rolled into a hot-rolled coil with the thickness of 2.5mm, and after the hot-rolled coil is normalized at 930 ℃, the hot-rolled coil is normally cold-rolled to a hard-rolled coil with the thickness of 0.35 mm; then at 20% H 2 And 80% of N 2 In the mixed gas, the cooling rate is respectively 45 ℃/s and 50 ℃/s in a controlled cooling section, and then the insulating coating is coated, dried and solidified at 450 ℃, so that the final product is obtained.
Comparative examples 3 to 4
Continuously casting the test steel with the components of comparative examples 3 and 4 into a casting blank of 230mm after molten iron pretreatment, converter smelting and vacuum treatment, heating at 1100 ℃ for 250min, hot rolling into a hot rolled coil of 2.2mm in thickness, normalizing at 860 ℃, and then normally cold rolling to a hard rolled coil of 0.35mm in thickness; then by 20% of H 2 And 80% of N 2 In the mixed gas, the temperature is 940 ℃ multiplied by 35s, the cooling rate is respectively 55 ℃/s and 50 ℃/s in a controlled cooling section, and then the final product is obtained after the insulating coating is coated, dried and solidified at the temperature of 450 ℃.
The electromagnetic properties and the elongation of the non-oriented silicon steel obtained in the examples and the comparative examples were measured, and the results are shown in fig. 2. As can be seen by combining the data in the figures 1 and 2, the non-oriented silicon steel meeting the component requirements of the invention has electromagnetic performance and elongation rate which can well meet the requirements of electrical steel winding type processing, and particularly under the condition of the same mark, the elongation rate of the non-oriented silicon steel obtained in the embodiment of the invention is superior to that of a comparative example, and the non-oriented silicon steel has higher elongation rate.
The effect of the furnace atmosphere on the surface quality and the internal microstructure of the strip is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. FIG. 1 shows the steel strip obtained in comparative example 1, which has a dark (black) surface and a clearly dispersed (approximately 1 to 3 μm) oxide layer. The strip steel shown in figure 2 has a bright surface, no obvious oxidation phenomenon and good surface and internal quality.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a suitable winding type processing's no oriented silicon steel of low iron loss which characterized in that: the alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: si:1.5 to 2.5%, mn:0.15 to 1.0%, als:0.5 to 1.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the other elements C is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, S is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, ti is less than or equal to 0.0030 percent, N is less than or equal to 0.0020 percent, and the total content of the other impurities V, nb, B, ca, mo and Ni is required to be controlled below 0.02 percent; the adding amount of Si and Al is controlled as follows: si =0.42 to 0.45;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating molten iron, smelting in a converter, carrying out vacuum treatment and continuously casting; reducing and modifying the ladle top slag to reduce the FeO content in the slag to below 5 percent and ensure CaO/Al in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled to be 1.4 to 1.8, and the total oxygen content in the casting blank is controlled to be stable below 15 ppm;
step two, heating and hot rolling;
step three, normalizing treatment;
step four, cold rolling and annealing;
step five, heat preservation and cooling; the strip steel is subjected to heat preservation for 30 to 50s at a high temperature section, and then the strip steel is cooled; cooling the strip steel at a specified cooling speed after indirectly cooling the strip steel; the cooling section adopts air cooling and comprises controlled cooling and rapid cooling, wherein the cooling speed of the strip steel is controlled by adjusting the air quantity during the controlled cooling, so that the strip steel is cooled in the section at the cooling speed of 15-35 ℃/s, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the strip steel is controlled to be 300-500 ℃;
and step six, coating an insulating layer.
2. The low-iron-loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing according to claim 1, wherein: its iron loss P 1.5/50 Less than 3.0W/kg, magnetic induction B 50 1.68T, elongation A 50 ≥28%。
3. A method for producing a low core loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for coil winding processing according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, pretreating molten iron, smelting in a converter, carrying out vacuum treatment and continuously casting; reducing and modifying the steel ladle top slag to reduce the FeO content in the slagThe amount is below 5 percent, ensuring CaO/Al in the slag 2 O 3 The ratio is controlled to be 1.4 to 1.8, and the total oxygen content in the casting blank is controlled to be stable below 15 ppm;
step two, heating and hot rolling;
step three, normalizing treatment;
step four, cold rolling and annealing;
step five, heat preservation and cooling; the strip steel is subjected to heat preservation for 30 to 50s at a high temperature section, and then the strip steel is cooled; cooling the strip steel at a specified cooling speed after indirectly cooling the strip steel; the cooling section adopts air cooling and comprises controlled cooling and rapid cooling, wherein the cooling speed of the strip steel is controlled by adjusting the air quantity during the cooling control, so that the strip steel is cooled in the section at the cooling speed of 15 to 35 ℃/s, and the temperature difference between the inlet and the outlet of the strip steel is controlled to be 300 to 500 ℃;
and step six, coating an insulating layer.
4. A method for producing a low core loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for winding processing according to claim 3, wherein: step two, heating and hot rolling the casting blank in a hot charging mode, wherein the charging temperature is more than 300 ℃, the heating temperature of the casting blank is controlled to be 1050-1200 ℃, and the heating time is controlled to be 120min-250min; in the third step, the obtained hot rolled plate with the thickness of 2.0-3.0 mm is normalized at the temperature of 850-1000 ℃, and then coarse (100) and (110) oriented grain structures with the size of more than 150 mu m are obtained.
5. A method for producing a low core loss non-oriented silicon steel suitable for coil winding processing according to claim 3, wherein: annealing the cold-rolled strip steel in a nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere at 900-1000 ℃, controlling the dew point below-10 ℃, wherein H in the nitrogen-hydrogen mixed atmosphere is controlled 2 The content accounts for 30% -45%, and the oxygen content in the furnace is controlled to be below 20 ppm.
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