CN111249256B - 一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法 - Google Patents
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及药物制备领域,具体涉及一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为(2‑5):1混合溶于0.2‑0.5mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂反应1‑2h,得到复合壳聚糖;S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:(30‑50)溶于质量分数为0.1~0.5%的盐酸溶液中,并以50‑100Hz超声20‑30min;S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。本发明获得的药物缓释剂具有较好的药物缓释效果,并且对癌细胞具有较好的抑制作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物制备领域,具体涉及一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法。
技术背景
加替沙星(Gatifloxacin,1-环丙基-6-氟-1,4-二氢-8-甲氧基-7-(3-甲基-1-哌嗪基)-4-氧代-3-喹啉羧酸),是日本杏林制药株式会社创制的新的6-氟-8-甲氧基喹诺酮化合物,喹诺酮类药物已经成为临床上广泛使用的高效、低毒、广谱的一线抗感染药物。在结构多样的药效团中,具有α,β-不饱和酮结构特征的查尔酮类化合物作为天然有效成分,具有多种药理活性。天然查尔酮类化合物多为多羟基苯环取代的α,β-不饱和酮类,因其较差的水溶性导致生物利用度较低,限制临床上的应用。通过查尔酮与加替沙星组成新的化合物提高了生物利用度,但是药物在体内存留时间短,很容易被代谢成失去活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中加替沙星和查尔酮类药物在体内存留时间短,易被代谢而失效的问题,提供了一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法。
本发明的目的通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为(2-5):1混合溶于0.2-0.5mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂,在160-180℃条件下反应1-2h,得到复合壳聚糖;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:(30-50)溶于质量分数为0.1-0.5%的盐酸溶液中,并以50-100Hz超声20-30min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
上述加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,通过查尔酮与加替沙星发生亲核取代反应得到新的化合物,提高了水溶性和生物利用度。将银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖在酸性条件性以铜作为催化剂,将银杏聚戊烯醇连接到壳聚糖上。再将形成的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物分散到壳聚糖复合中,形成以壳聚糖为壳,加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物为核的微胶囊结构。壳聚糖在体内可以缓慢降解,壳聚糖降解的同时释放内部的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物。银杏聚戊烯醇与壳聚糖之间形成的酰胺键也在体内得到水解。银杏聚戊烯醇和加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物共同协同促进对癌细胞及病毒的抑制作用。
优选地,所述步骤S2中银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖的摩尔比为4:1。
优选地,所述步骤S2中反应温度为170℃。
优选地,所述步骤S3中加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和复合壳聚糖的质量比为1:45。
加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和复合壳聚糖的比例影响药物的效果,合适的比例可以提高药物效果。
优选地,所述查尔酮的结构为
其中,R1为卤素或羟基,R2为氢、甲基、甲氧基或卤素,X为氮、氧或硫。
优选地,所述R1为溴或羟基。
优选地,所述R2为氟、氯或溴。
所述加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法所制备得到的药物制剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下技术效果:
本发明提供的一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,通过查尔酮与加替沙星发生亲核取代反应得到新的化合物,提高了水溶性和生物利用度。将银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖在酸性条件性以铜作为催化剂,将银杏聚戊烯醇连接到壳聚糖上。再将形成的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物分散到壳聚糖复合中,形成以壳聚糖为壳,加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物为核的微胶囊结构。壳聚糖在体内可以缓慢降解,壳聚糖降解的同时释放内部的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物。银杏聚戊烯醇与壳聚糖之间形成的酰胺键也在体内得到水解。银杏聚戊烯醇和加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物共同协同促进对癌细胞及病毒的抑制作用。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面结合具体实施例、对比例将对本发明的技术方案进行详细的描述。显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施方式,都属于本发明所保护的范围。
除特殊说明,本实施例、对比例以及实验例中所用的设备均为常规实验设备,所用的材料、试剂无特殊说明均为市售得到。
实施例1
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为2:1混合溶于0.2mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂,在180℃条件下反应2h,得到复合壳聚糖;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:30溶于质量分数为0.5%的盐酸溶液中,并以50Hz超声20min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
所述查尔酮的结构为:
R1为Br,R2为H。
实施例2
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为5:1混合溶于0.5mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂,在160℃条件下反应1h,得到复合壳聚糖;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:50溶于质量分数为0.1%的盐酸溶液中,并以100Hz超声30min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
所述查尔酮的结构为:
R1为Br,X为S。
实施例3
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为4:1混合溶于0.3mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂,在170℃条件下反应1h,得到复合壳聚糖;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:45溶于质量分数为0.2%的盐酸溶液中,并以80Hz超声25min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
所述查尔酮的结构为:
R1为Br,X为N。
对比例1
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:45溶于质量分数为0.2%的盐酸溶液中,并以80Hz超声25min;
S3.将步骤S2得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
与实施例3相比,本对比例壳聚糖为修饰银杏聚戊烯醇。
对比例2
一种加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇混合溶于0.3mol/L的乙酸溶液中;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的.银杏聚戊烯醇溶于质量分数为0.2%的盐酸溶液中,并以80Hz超声25min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥。
与实施例3相比,本对比例未将银杏聚戊烯醇修饰在壳聚糖上。
实验例1
精确称取2g的各实施例和对比例获得的药物在37℃水浴加热使其凝胶化,将凝胶化的药物放入一端封口的透析袋中,将透析袋放入装有PBS(pH 7.4)195mL的锥形瓶中。将此锥形瓶放入振荡器中,恒温37℃,调转速100r/min进行实验。定时取样3mL(并及时补充37℃的PBS 3mL,维持介质总体积为200mL),将各时间点的样品以PBS为对照,在波长262nm处测定各时间点处的吸光值A1。同时测定空白凝胶的吸光值A2,载药凝胶中药物吸光值A=A1-A2,根据12h的吸光值得出计算药物的释放度。结果如下表:
表1各实施例和对比例的药物的释放度结果
组别 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 |
12h药物释放度 | 61.2% | 63.4% | 60.4% | 65.4% | 97.2% |
从表1可以看出,实施例组方法获得的药物制剂具有很好的药物缓释效果。12h之后药物体外释放度为60%-64%。
实验例2
将各实施例和对比例得到的药物制剂分别用二甲基亚砜(DMSO)溶剂,配置成1.0×10-2mol/L浓度的溶液,之后用质量分数为10%的牛血清的RPMI-1640培养液将上述溶液稀释至0.1μmol/L的溶液。
再去对数生长器的人胰腺癌Panc-1细胞以每孔6000个细胞接种于96孔板中,随机分别加入实施例或对比例的药物,48小时后每孔加入5g/L的咪唑蓝溶液10μL,继续在培养4h之后加入100μL质量百分比浓度为10%的十二万级磺酸钠溶液。再培养24h,然后用酶标仪在570nm波长测定吸光度(OD)值,按照癌细胞抑制率=[(1-实验组OD值)/空白对照组OD值]×100%。计算癌细胞抑制率。结果如下表所示:
表2各实施例和对比例的癌细胞抑制率结果
组别 | 实施例1 | 实施例2 | 实施例3 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 |
抑制率(%) | 83.2 | 81.5 | 85.4 | 74.3 | 78.2 |
从表2可以看出,实施例各组对人胰腺癌细胞的抑制率要大于对比例组。对比例1由于为采用壳聚糖作为缓释剂,药物释放快对癌细胞的抑制作用小。对比例2由于为加入银杏聚戊烯醇,银杏聚戊烯醇作为加替沙星与查耳酮缀合物的促进剂,因此对比例2的对癌细胞的抑制作用也变小。
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,对于本领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明及思路的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动,这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (7)
1.一种加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1.制备加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物;
S2.银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖按照摩尔比为(2-5):1混合溶于0.2-0.5mol/L的乙酸溶液中,以Cu为催化剂,在160-180℃条件下反应1-2h,得到复合壳聚糖;
S3.将步骤S1得到的加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和步骤S2得到的复合壳聚糖,按照质量比为1:(30-50)溶于质量分数为0.1-0.5%的盐酸溶液中,并以50-100Hz超声20-30min;
S4.将步骤S3得到的混合溶液调节至中性,并喷雾干燥,
所述查尔酮的结构为
其中,R1为卤素或羟基,R2为氢、甲基、甲氧基或卤素,X为氮、氧或硫。
2.根据权利要求1所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中银杏聚戊烯醇和壳聚糖的摩尔比为4:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中反应温度为170℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物和复合壳聚糖的质量比为1:45。
5.根据权利要求1所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,所述R1为溴或羟基。
6.根据权利要求1所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法,其特征在于,所述R2为氟、氯或溴。
7.一种由权利要求1至6任一项所述加替沙星与查尔酮缀合物缓释剂的合成方法所制备得到的药物制剂。
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