CN111248159A - Solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding - Google Patents
Solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248159A CN111248159A CN202010190401.3A CN202010190401A CN111248159A CN 111248159 A CN111248159 A CN 111248159A CN 202010190401 A CN202010190401 A CN 202010190401A CN 111248159 A CN111248159 A CN 111248159A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- base material
- earthworm
- solid waste
- earthworms
- wormcast
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
Abstract
The invention provides a solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding, and relates to the technical field of biological treatment. The invention utilizes the biotechnology to feed the earthworms to treat the solid wastes such as the municipal domestic sludge and the like, improves the content of various nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and the like, greatly reduces the content of harmful substances and heavy metals, and has great development potential for optimizing urban and rural environments, reducing agricultural pollution and developing green organic agriculture.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological treatment, in particular to a solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding.
Background
In recent years, due to the unreasonable application of a large amount of chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides, a large amount of non-renewable resources are consumed, the soil structure is damaged, the quality and the environment of agricultural products are polluted, and the healthy survival of human beings is influenced. Therefore, from the development trend of green agriculture and ecological agriculture advocated in modern agricultural production, the pollution-free organic fertilizer without polluting the environment will certainly play an important role in future agricultural production. The earthworm breeding is combined with biotechnology to treat harmful substances in solid wastes such as domestic sludge, crop straws and the like, a circular economy industrial chain is developed, high-quality organic fertilizers are produced, the agricultural ecological environment is protected, and the method is a necessary way for realizing green organic agriculture.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the problems, the invention provides a solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm cultivation, so that the content of harmful substances and heavy metals is greatly reduced, and the technology has great development potential for optimizing urban and rural environments, reducing agricultural pollution, developing green organic agriculture.
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm cultivation, which comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing and crushing the collected organic domestic garbage, sludge, cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and straws according to the weight ratio of 30-50% of the organic domestic garbage, 30-50% of the sludge, 10-30% of the cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and 10-20% of the straws to obtain a base material;
s20, adjusting the proportion of each component of the base material to ensure that the mass ratio of C to N is 30-35%, the water content is 60-70%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the particle size is 2-3mm, and using the mixture as the base material for breeding earthworms;
s30, ridging the earthworm field directly by using the mixture base material obtained in S20, wherein the width of each ridge is 2.0-2.5m, and the height of each ridge is 1.0-1.2 m;
s40, putting the earthworm seedlings in ridges of the mixture base material, controlling and adjusting the environment of the base material, keeping a certain temperature and humidity, and putting sequential baits into the base material every 15 days;
s50, scraping the old base material according to the utilization condition of the base material and additionally adding new base material in the cultivation process, and collecting wormcast in the scraped old base material as organic fertilizer;
s60, screening the obtained wormcast, and screening impurities in the wormcast to obtain pure wormcast as a raw material of the organic fertilizer.
Preferably, in the step S20, the composting is performed at 50-55 ℃ for 20-35 days to obtain the mixed base material after composting.
Preferably, in the step S40, the humidity is controlled at 70-85%, the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20-40%, and the temperature is controlled at 50-70 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention utilizes the biotechnology to feed the earthworms to treat the solid wastes such as the municipal domestic sludge and the like, improves the content of various nutrient components such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matters and the like, greatly reduces the content of harmful substances and heavy metals, and has great development potential for optimizing urban and rural environments, reducing agricultural pollution and developing green organic agriculture.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples of the invention
A solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding comprises the following steps:
s10, mixing and crushing the collected organic domestic garbage, sludge, cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and straws according to the weight ratio of 30-50% of the organic domestic garbage, 30-50% of the sludge, 10-30% of the cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and 10-20% of the straws to obtain a base material;
s20, adjusting the proportion of each component of the base material to ensure that the mass ratio of C to N is 30-35%, the water content is 60-70%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the particle size is 2-3mm, and using the mixture as the base material for breeding earthworms; then composting is carried out, the temperature is controlled to be 50-55 ℃, the time is 20-35 days, and the mixed base material after composting is obtained;
s30, ridging the earthworm field directly by using the mixture base material obtained in S20, wherein the width of each ridge is 2.0-2.5m, and the height of each ridge is 1.0-1.2 m;
s40, putting the earthworm seedlings in ridges of the mixture base material, controlling and adjusting the environment of the base material, keeping a certain temperature and humidity, and putting sequential baits into the base material every 15 days; controlling the humidity at 70-85%, the oxygen concentration at 20-40% and the temperature at 50-70 deg.C;
s50, scraping the old base material according to the utilization condition of the base material and additionally adding new base material in the cultivation process, and collecting wormcast in the scraped old base material as organic fertilizer;
s60, screening the obtained wormcast, and screening impurities in the wormcast to obtain pure wormcast as a raw material of the organic fertilizer.
In this example, earthworms, also known as earthworms, are terrestrial invertebrates of the oligochaeta of Annelida. Earthworms (earth work) are one of the link animals, more than 3000 earthworms exist in the world, and more than 200 earthworms exist in China. The earthworm is a species of lumbricus, Eisenia foetida, Eisenia labra, Durah, etc. widely distributed in the country. The earthworm is rich in nutrition, rapid in propagation, miscellaneous in feeding and high in artificial breeding yield. The economic benefit is good. The earthworm can be used as a precious medicine for treating various diseases, and can also be used as a high-protein food and a feed. Earthworms dig holes to loosen the soil and decompose organic matters, create good conditions for the growth and reproduction of soil microorganisms, play special roles in soil improvement, public nuisance elimination, ecological environment protection, material circulation, biological diversity and the like, and currently, many countries utilize earthworms to treat domestic garbage, organic waste and purify sewage. Earthworms contribute to the material circulation and energy transfer in the soil process through activities such as feeding, digestion, excretion (earthworm feces), secretion (mucus), digging, and the like, are one of soil invertebrate groups (mainly earthworms, mites and ants) that have important effects on the process of determining soil fertility, and are called "ecosystem engineers".
In this embodiment, the earthworm composting refers to a composting process in which earthworms are introduced into an organic waste treatment technology. Earthworms, commonly known as earthworms, live in the soil and eat fresh or semi-decomposed organic substances which are swallowed together with the soil during the daytime and night. The earthworms can utilize self-abundant enzyme systems (protease, lipase, cellulase, amylase and the like) to rapidly and thoroughly decompose organic wastes into easily utilized nutrient substances, thereby accelerating the composting and decomposing process. The decomposition degree of the earthworm compost is related to the protein, fat, carbon-nitrogen ratio, content of toxic substances and the like of organic materials, and is also related to the putting density of earthworms in unit volume of materials and the temperature and humidity of a composting environment.
In this embodiment, the earthworm breeding has environmental requirements:
temperature: generally, earthworms enter a dormant state at a temperature of 5-30 ℃ and 0-5 ℃ and die at a temperature below 0 ℃, the optimum temperature is about 20-27 ℃, the earthworms are also the optimum temperature of earthworm cocoon eggs, growth stops at a temperature above 32 ℃, and the earthworms die at a temperature above 40 ℃.
Humidity: earthworms breathe through the skin, so that the bodies of the earthworms need to be kept moist, the moisture in the earthworms accounts for more than 75% of the body weight, the prevention of moisture loss is the key for the survival of the earthworms, and the moisture of the feed is preferably kept at about 70%.
pH (pH): earthworms grow well within a pH range of 6-8, and produce the most earthworm cocoons.
Ventilating: earthworms breathe by oxygen diffused into soil from the atmosphere, and the better the soil is ventilated, the more vigorous the metabolism is, so that not only are more earthworms generate cocoons, but also the maturation period is shortened.
Food: when the fed food is insufficient or the fed food has low quality, the earthworms compete for food, so that the fertility is reduced, the pest and disease spread is caused, the death rate is increased, and part of earthworms escape or grow slowly.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (3)
1. A solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, mixing and crushing the collected organic domestic garbage, sludge, cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and straws according to the weight ratio of 30-50% of the organic domestic garbage, 30-50% of the sludge, 10-30% of the cow dung, other livestock and poultry manure and 10-20% of the straws to obtain a base material;
s20, adjusting the proportion of each component of the base material to ensure that the mass ratio of C to N is 30-35%, the water content is 60-70%, the pH value is 6.5-7.5, the particle size is 2-3mm, and using the mixture as the base material for breeding earthworms;
s30, ridging the earthworm field directly by using the mixture base material obtained in S20, wherein the width of each ridge is 2.0-2.5m, and the height of each ridge is 1.0-1.2 m;
s40, putting the earthworm seedlings in ridges of the mixture base material, controlling and adjusting the environment of the base material, keeping a certain temperature and humidity, and putting sequential baits into the base material every 15 days;
s50, scraping the old base material according to the utilization condition of the base material and additionally adding new base material in the cultivation process, and collecting wormcast in the scraped old base material as organic fertilizer;
s60, screening the obtained wormcast, and screening impurities in the wormcast to obtain pure wormcast as a raw material of the organic fertilizer.
2. The earthworm cultivation-based solid waste biotreatment technology of claim 1, wherein in the step S20, composting is performed subsequently, the temperature is controlled at 50-55 ℃ for 20-35 days, and a composted mixed base material is obtained.
3. The earthworm cultivation-based solid waste biotreatment technology of claim 1, wherein in the step S40, the humidity is controlled at 70-85%, the oxygen concentration is controlled at 20-40%, and the temperature is controlled at 50-70 ℃.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010190401.3A CN111248159A (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding |
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| CN202010190401.3A CN111248159A (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Solid waste biological treatment technology based on earthworm breeding |
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2344512A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-19 | Carl Mitchell | Method of disposal of pet waste |
| CN101050048A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2007-10-10 | 孙传智 | Biochemical treatment method for household garbage |
| CN104082251A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-08 | 西安市沣东新城康运种养殖专业合作社 | Organic solid waste bio-treatment technology based on earthworm breeding |
| CN104256127A (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2015-01-07 | 天津市嘉沃科技有限公司 | Earthworm culture soil preparation method |
| CN106106372A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 刘建忠 | A kind of solid waste biologic treating technique based on vermiculture |
-
2020
- 2020-03-18 CN CN202010190401.3A patent/CN111248159A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2344512A1 (en) * | 2001-04-19 | 2002-10-19 | Carl Mitchell | Method of disposal of pet waste |
| CN101050048A (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2007-10-10 | 孙传智 | Biochemical treatment method for household garbage |
| CN104082251A (en) * | 2014-07-10 | 2014-10-08 | 西安市沣东新城康运种养殖专业合作社 | Organic solid waste bio-treatment technology based on earthworm breeding |
| CN104256127A (en) * | 2014-09-08 | 2015-01-07 | 天津市嘉沃科技有限公司 | Earthworm culture soil preparation method |
| CN106106372A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-16 | 刘建忠 | A kind of solid waste biologic treating technique based on vermiculture |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
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| 孙振钧: "《生态循环养殖模式暨畜禽养殖废弃物资源化利用技术》", 30 June 2018 * |
| 曾中平等: "《蛙鳖活饵养殖利用技术》", 31 October 1994 * |
| 武佳韵等: "《餐厨垃圾与菌渣混合发酵养殖蚯蚓的试验研究》", 《生物学杂志》 * |
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Application publication date: 20200609 |