CN111248111A - Mountain spring flowing water fish culture method - Google Patents
Mountain spring flowing water fish culture method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111248111A CN111248111A CN201811478248.3A CN201811478248A CN111248111A CN 111248111 A CN111248111 A CN 111248111A CN 201811478248 A CN201811478248 A CN 201811478248A CN 111248111 A CN111248111 A CN 111248111A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention discloses a mountain spring flowing water fish farming method, which belongs to the field of farming and comprises the following steps: fish pond site selection: the fishpond is selected and built in a place with good surrounding natural ecological environment, flat terrain, fresh and pollution-free river water, convenient water injection and drainage and basically stable water flow throughout the year; building a fish pond: the shape and size of the fishpond are determined according to the terrain and water flow; breeding fish seeds: the method mainly comprises the following steps of stocking herbivorous grass carps which are fond of a clear water environment, and matching a small amount of carps; feeding management: the feed mainly comprises wild grass, float grass, tender vegetable leaves, artificially planted green feed and the like, and a grass material frame which is put in the green feed and floats on the water surface is arranged in the pool; prevention and treatment of fish diseases: the principle of 'prevention is taken as the main principle and the prevention is more important than treatment' is adhered to, the culture method is scientific and reasonable, the culture quality and the culture efficiency are high, and the economic benefit of enterprises is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cultivation, in particular to a mountain spring flowing water fish culture method.
Background
Spring water fish grows in long-flowing and is fresh and pollution-free, mineral-rich spring water is used for eating local pollution-free natural baits in mountainous areas, the spring water fish is genuine organic green food, meat of the spring water fish is rich in delicious amino acid, unsaturated fatty acid, calcium, zinc, selenium and other trace elements, the spring water fish is high in nutritive value, tender and smooth in taste, fresh and tasty, free of mud and fishy smell and deeply favored by people, the spring water fish culture is a small investment project suitable for farmers in mountainous areas, and the spring water fish culture method has the advantages of small occupied area, good management, quick response, excellent fish products, good benefits and the like, can effectively promote income increase of farmers in mountainous areas, and is an important way for poverty relief of industries in mountainous areas.
However, the existing mountain spring running water fish culture method has defects, and scientific and reasonable technical means are not adopted, so that the culture quality and efficiency are low.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mountain spring flowing water fish culture method which is scientific and reasonable, has high culture quality and efficiency and improves the economic benefit of enterprises.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
A method for culturing fish in mountain spring running water comprises the following steps:
s1, fish pond site selection: the fishpond is selected and built in a place with good surrounding natural ecological environment, flat terrain, fresh and pollution-free river water, convenient water injection and drainage and basically stable water flow throughout the year;
s2, building a fish pond:
(a) area of the fish pond: the shape and size of the fishpond are determined according to the terrain and water flow, on the premise of terrain permission, the fishpond is square in shape, round in shape and large in water flow, and the fishpond area can be large by taking full use of land as a principle; small water flow, small fish pond area, generally 40-50 m2The depth of water in the fish pond is preferably 1.0-1.5 m, stone resources in mountainous areas are rich, pond ridges are built by stone, pond walls are higher to prevent mountain floods from rushing into the pond and fishes from jumping out of the pond, and the pond walls are sewn by cement to be solid and free of leakage;
(b) building a water inlet:
(b-1) Water inflow method: according to the difference of the water source of the fishpond, the water inlet mode is designed into a drop height type or a horizontal flow type;
(b-2) position of water inlet: the water exchange place in the fishpond is selected, the water source distance is prolonged as much as possible, the fishponds are rectangular and circular, the water inlets of the rectangular fishponds are arranged on opposite angles so as to reduce the dead angle of water flow, and the circular fishponds are preferably fed in the circumferential tangential direction, so that the effective utilization rate of pond water can be improved;
(c) building a water outlet: the water outlet of the fishpond is arranged at the bottommost part of the fishpond;
s3, fish spawn stocking:
(a) breeding the variety: the method mainly comprises the following steps of stocking herbivorous grass carps which are fond of a clear water environment, and matching a small amount of carps;
(b) stocking specification: the bred fingerlings are strong in physique, smooth in body surface, fresh and glossy in body color, regular in size and uniform in size, the bred grass carp is 150-250 g/tail, and the carp is 50-100 g/tail;
(c) stocking density: according to 1m3The water body is used for putting about 500g of fish seeds;
s4, feeding management:
(a) feed quality and variety: the feed mainly comprises wild grass, float grass, tender vegetable leaves, artificially planted green feed and the like, and a grass material frame which is put in the green feed and floats on the water surface is arranged in the pool;
(b) daily feeding amount: grass carp starts to eat at a water temperature of more than 6 ℃, but the environment of the fingerling just put into the pond to the pond is not suitable, the grass carp is fond of jumping or swimming around the pond in groups, the appetite is not good, the grass carp is not suitable for immediate feeding, a small amount of feeding is started after 2-3 days of stocking, the daily feeding amount is flexibly mastered according to the weather condition, the water temperature, the water quality, the appetite and the activity condition of the fish in the same day, generally 4% -6% of the weight of the grass carp, the feeding amount is properly reduced by taking the fish as the fish finishes eating in the same day, if the weather turns bad, the fish is sick and the like, and the daily feeding amount is correspondingly adjusted and increased along with the growth of the fish;
(c) the daily feeding times are as follows: feeding times are increased and decreased according to conditions such as seasons, water temperature changes and the like, the feeding is arranged for 2-5 times every day, the green feed fed in the afternoon is fed in a divided mode, the green feed fed in the afternoon is cut into small sections to improve the palatability, and the residual grass residues are fished and removed in the evening of the day to avoid rotting, consuming a large amount of oxygen and deteriorating the water quality;
s5: prevention and treatment of fish diseases: insist on the principle of taking prevention as the main and emphasizing prevention over treatment;
(a) sterilizing the fish pond: filling the newly built fishpond with water, washing dirt and impurities in the fishpond with flowing water, washing excessive heavy metal salts in the new soil, soaking for several days, closing a water inlet gate, draining the fishpond water, solarizing the fishpond for about 10 days, filling clear water with the depth of 15cm in the fishpond, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m3Sprinkling water in the whole pond for disinfection, and breeding grass carp seeds about 10 days after disinfection;
(b) fish disinfection: before the fingerlings are put into the pond in a stocking way, the fish bodies must be disinfected, the disinfection time is determined according to the water temperature, when the water temperature is about 15 ℃, the fingerlings are put into a water container filled with 3% of salt for immersion bath for 3-5 min, and then the fingerlings are put into the pond.
Furthermore, in the S1, the water temperature of the river water is generally 15-30 ℃, the dissolved oxygen content of the water is above 7.0mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5.
Further, in the step (b) of S2, in the fishpond with a steep water source topography, the inlet water is designed to be of a drop height type, that is, a certain drop height is designed between the inlet water and the fishpond surface, so that the water flow is suspended into the fishpond along the topography through the inlet water pipe to increase the contact surface between the water flow and the air, thereby being beneficial to increasing the oxygen content of the fishpond water; in the fish pond with gentle terrain, the water inlet is designed into a horizontal flow type, the water inlet and the pond surface have no natural fall, a water source is injected into the fish pond through the water inlet in a horizontal flow manner, a filter screen is arranged at the upper stream of the water inlet to prevent wild trash fish or dirt from entering the fish pond, and a blocking escape net for preventing fish from escaping upwards after tracing water and a flashboard for adjusting the water inflow are arranged at the lower stream of the filter screen.
Further, in step (c) of S2, the circular pool outlet is disposed at the center of the pool bottom, the water outlet is provided with a fish blocking bar, the lower part is connected with a sewage discharge pipe, the tail end of the sewage discharge pipe is provided with a sewage discharge valve, the pool bottom is built to a slope of about 10% from the periphery to the center so as to form a vortex at the central water outlet of the bottom, which is beneficial to sewage collection and discharge, the rectangular pool outlet is provided with 2-3 layers, the layer 1 is the fish blocking bar, the layer 3 is a gate plate for controlling water level, the pool wall of the mountain spring flow pool is provided with an overflow port at a position 1m away from the pool bottom, which is used for controlling water level of the pool and partial water discharge and sewage discharge, and the cross section of the water outlet is slightly larger than a water inlet no matter of the square pool or the circular pool, so.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention fully utilizes the geographical environment of mountainous areas, the fishpond is convenient to select and arrange, the addresses are flat, the surrounding ecological environment is excellent, the river water is fresh and pollution-free, the water flow is stable, thereby providing good running water for the fish, the area of the fishpond is suitable, the fishpond can be square and round according to local conditions, the fishpond is very suitable for popularization, reasonable water inlets and water outlets are arranged, good running water is provided, compared with the dead water fish culture mode, the disease incidence of the fish is greatly reduced, green feed is fed, the cultured fish has good quality, the fish disease control is carried out by taking prevention as a main part and paying more attention to treatment, the water quality is not polluted, the water quality environment is effectively improved, the culture method is scientific and reasonable, the culture quality and the efficiency are high, and the economic benefit of enterprises is improved.
Detailed Description
The following will clearly and completely describe the technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention. It is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work are within the scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
a method for culturing fish in mountain spring running water comprises the following steps:
s1, fish pond site selection: the fishpond is selected and built in a place with good surrounding natural ecological environment, flat terrain, fresh and pollution-free river water, convenient water injection and drainage and basically stable water flow throughout the year;
s2, building a fish pond:
(a) area of the fish pond: the shape and size of the fishpond are determined according to the terrain and water flow, on the premise of terrain permission, the fishpond is square in shape, round in shape and large in water flow, and the fishpond area can be large by taking full use of land as a principle; small water flow, small fish pond area, generally 40-50 m2The depth of water in the fish pond is preferably 1.0-1.5 m, stone resources in mountainous areas are rich, pond ridges are built by stone, pond walls are higher to prevent mountain floods from rushing into the pond and fishes from jumping out of the pond, and the pond walls are sewn by cement to be solid and free of leakage;
(b) building a water inlet:
(b-1) Water inflow method: according to the difference of the water source of the fishpond, the water inlet mode is designed into a drop height type or a horizontal flow type;
(b-2) position of water inlet: the water exchange place in the fishpond is selected, the water source distance is prolonged as much as possible, the fishponds are rectangular and circular, the water inlets of the rectangular fishponds are arranged on opposite angles so as to reduce the dead angle of water flow, and the circular fishponds are preferably fed in the circumferential tangential direction, so that the effective utilization rate of pond water can be improved;
(c) building a water outlet: the water outlet of the fishpond is arranged at the bottommost part of the fishpond;
s3, fish spawn stocking:
(a) breeding the variety: the method mainly comprises the following steps of stocking herbivorous grass carps which are fond of a clear water environment, and matching a small amount of carps;
(b) stocking specification: the bred fingerlings are strong in physique, smooth in body surface, fresh and glossy in body color, regular in size and uniform in size, the bred grass carp is 150-250 g/tail, and the carp is 50-100 g/tail;
(c) stocking density: according to 1m3The water body is used for putting about 500g of fish seeds;
s4, feeding management:
(a) feed quality and variety: the feed mainly comprises wild grass, float grass, tender vegetable leaves, artificially planted green feed and the like, and a grass material frame which is put in the green feed and floats on the water surface is arranged in the pool;
(b) daily feeding amount: grass carp starts to eat at a water temperature of more than 6 ℃, but the environment of the fingerling just put into the pond to the pond is not suitable, the grass carp is fond of jumping or swimming around the pond in groups, the appetite is not good, the grass carp is not suitable for immediate feeding, a small amount of feeding is started after 2-3 days of stocking, the daily feeding amount is flexibly mastered according to the weather condition, the water temperature, the water quality, the appetite and the activity condition of the fish in the same day, generally 4% -6% of the weight of the grass carp, the feeding amount is properly reduced by taking the fish as the fish finishes eating in the same day, if the weather turns bad, the fish is sick and the like, and the daily feeding amount is correspondingly adjusted and increased along with the growth of the fish;
(c) the daily feeding times are as follows: feeding times are increased and decreased according to conditions such as seasons, water temperature changes and the like, the feeding is arranged for 2-5 times every day, the green feed fed in the afternoon is fed in a divided mode, the green feed fed in the afternoon is cut into small sections to improve the palatability, and the residual grass residues are fished and removed in the evening of the day to avoid rotting, consuming a large amount of oxygen and deteriorating the water quality;
s5: prevention and treatment of fish diseases: insist on the principle of taking prevention as the main and emphasizing prevention over treatment;
(a) sterilizing the fish pond: filling the newly built fishpond with water, washing dirt and impurities in the fishpond with flowing water, washing excessive heavy metal salts in the new soil, soaking for several days, closing a water inlet gate, draining the fishpond water, solarizing the fishpond for about 10 days, filling clear water with the depth of 15cm in the fishpond, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m3Sprinkling water in the whole pond for disinfection, and breeding grass carp seeds about 10 days after disinfection;
(b) fish disinfection: before the fingerlings are put into the pond in a stocking way, the fish bodies must be disinfected, the disinfection time is determined according to the water temperature, when the water temperature is about 15 ℃, the fingerlings are put into a water container filled with 3% of salt for immersion bath for 3-5 min, and then the fingerlings are put into the pond.
Furthermore, in S1, the water temperature of river water is generally 15-30 ℃, the dissolved oxygen of water is above 7.0mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5.
Further, in step (b) of S2, in the fishpond with a steep water source topography, the inlet water is designed to be of a drop height type, that is, a certain drop height is designed between the inlet water and the fishpond surface, so that the water flow is suspended into the fishpond along the topography through the inlet water pipe to increase the contact surface between the water flow and the air, thereby being beneficial to increasing the oxygen content of the fishpond water; in the fish pond with gentle terrain, the water inlet is designed into a horizontal flow type, the water inlet and the pond surface have no natural fall, a water source is injected into the fish pond through the water inlet in a horizontal flow manner, a filter screen is arranged at the upper stream of the water inlet to prevent wild trash fish or dirt from entering the fish pond, and a blocking escape net for preventing fish from escaping upwards after tracing water and a flashboard for adjusting the water inflow are arranged at the lower stream of the filter screen.
Further, in step (c) of S2, the circular pool outlet is disposed at the center of the pool bottom, the water outlet is provided with a fish blocking bar, the lower part is connected with a sewage discharge pipe, the tail end of the sewage discharge pipe is provided with a sewage discharge valve, the pool bottom is built to a slope of about 10% from the periphery to the center so as to form a vortex at the central water outlet of the bottom, which is beneficial to sewage collection and discharge, the rectangular pool outlet is provided with 2-3 layers, the layer 1 is the fish blocking bar, the layer 3 is a gate plate for controlling water level, the pool wall of the mountain spring flow pool is provided with an overflow port at a position 1m away from the pool bottom, which is used for controlling water level of the pool and partial water discharge and sewage discharge, and the cross section of the water outlet is slightly larger than a water inlet no matter of the square pool or the circular pool, so.
The invention fully utilizes the geographical environment of mountainous areas, the fishpond is convenient to select and arrange, the addresses are flat, the surrounding ecological environment is excellent, the river water is fresh and pollution-free, the water flow is stable, thereby providing good running water for the fish, the area of the fishpond is suitable, the fishpond can be square and round according to local conditions, the fishpond is very suitable for popularization, reasonable water inlets and water outlets are arranged, good running water is provided, compared with the dead water fish culture mode, the disease incidence of the fish is greatly reduced, green feed is fed, the cultured fish has good quality, the fish disease control is carried out by taking prevention as a main part and paying more attention to treatment, the water quality is not polluted, the water quality environment is effectively improved, the culture method is scientific and reasonable, the culture quality and the efficiency are high, and the economic benefit of enterprises is improved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the modified concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A mountain spring flowing water fish culture method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, fish pond site selection: the fishpond is selected and built in a place with good surrounding natural ecological environment, flat terrain, fresh and pollution-free river water, convenient water injection and drainage and basically stable water flow throughout the year;
s2, building a fish pond:
(a) area of the fish pond: the shape and size of the fishpond are determined according to the terrain and water flow, on the premise of terrain permission, the fishpond is square in shape, round in shape and large in water flow, and the fishpond area can be large by taking full use of land as a principle; small water flow, small fish pond area, generally 40-50 m2The depth of the fishpond is preferably 1.0-1.5 m, stone resources in mountainous areas are rich, the pond ridge is built by stones, the pond wall is higher, and the pond wall is sewn by cement to be firm and free of leakage;
(b) building a water inlet:
(b-1) Water inflow method: according to the difference of the water source of the fishpond, the water inlet mode is designed into a drop height type or a horizontal flow type;
(b-2) position of water inlet: selecting a place beneficial to water exchange in the fishpond, and prolonging the water source distance as much as possible, wherein the fishponds are rectangular and circular, the rectangular fishponds are provided with water inlets on opposite angles, and the circular fishponds are preferably fed with water in the circumferential tangential direction;
(c) building a water outlet: the water outlet of the fishpond is arranged at the bottommost part of the fishpond;
s3, fish spawn stocking:
(a) breeding the variety: the method mainly comprises the following steps of stocking herbivorous grass carps which are fond of a clear water environment, and matching a small amount of carps;
(b) stocking specification: the bred fingerlings are strong in physique, smooth in body surface, fresh and glossy in body color, regular in size and uniform in size, the bred grass carp is 150-250 g/tail, and the carp is 50-100 g/tail;
(c) stocking density: according to 1m3The water body is used for putting about 500g of fish seeds;
s4, feeding management:
(a) feed quality and variety: the feed mainly comprises wild grass, float grass, tender vegetable leaves, artificially planted green feed and the like, and a grass material frame which is put in the green feed and floats on the water surface is arranged in the pool;
(b) daily feeding amount: feeding a small amount of fish after 2-3 days of stocking, wherein the daily feeding amount is flexibly mastered according to the weather condition, water temperature, water quality, fish appetite and activity condition of the day, generally 4-6% of the weight of the fish, the feeding amount is properly reduced by taking the daily feeding amount as the fish is completely eaten, such as weather deterioration, fish diseases and the like, and the daily feeding amount is correspondingly adjusted and increased along with the growth of the fish;
(c) the daily feeding times are as follows: feeding times are increased and decreased according to conditions such as seasons, water temperature changes and the like, the feeding is arranged for 2-5 times every day, the green feed fed in the afternoon is cut into small sections, and the residual grass residues are fished and removed in the evening of the day;
s5: prevention and treatment of fish diseases: insist on the principle of taking prevention as the main and emphasizing prevention over treatment;
(a) sterilizing the fish pond: filling the newly built fishpond with water, washing dirt and impurities in the fishpond with flowing water, washing excessive heavy metal salts in the new soil, soaking for several days, closing a water inlet gate, draining the fishpond water, solarizing the fishpond for about 10 days, filling clear water with the depth of 15cm in the fishpond, and adding bleaching powder 10g/m3Sprinkling water in the whole pond for disinfection, and breeding grass carp seeds about 10 days after disinfection;
(b) fish disinfection: before the fingerlings are put into the pond in a stocking way, the fish bodies must be disinfected, the disinfection time is determined according to the water temperature, when the water temperature is about 15 ℃, the fingerlings are put into a water container filled with 3% of salt for immersion bath for 3-5 min, and then the fingerlings are put into the pond.
2. The method for farming fish in mountain spring running water according to claim 1, wherein: in the S1, the water temperature of river water is generally 15-30 ℃, the dissolved oxygen of water is above 7.0mg/L, and the pH value is 7.5-8.5.
3. The method for farming fish in mountain spring running water according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (b-1) of S2, in the fishpond with a steep water source topography, the inlet water is designed to be of a drop type, i.e., a certain drop is designed between the inlet water and the pond surface, so that the water flow is suspended in the air through the inlet water pipe along the topography and is sprinkled into the fishpond; in the fish pond with gentle topography, the water inlet is designed into a horizontal flow type, the water inlet and the pond surface have no natural fall, a water source is injected into the fish pond through the water inlet in a horizontal flow manner, a filter screen is arranged at the upstream of the water inlet, and a blocking escape net for preventing fishes from escaping upwards after tracing water and a flashboard for adjusting the water inflow are arranged at the downstream of the filter screen.
4. The method for farming fish in mountain spring running water according to claim 1, wherein: s2 (c), a circular pool water outlet is arranged at the center of the bottom of the pool, a fish blocking fence is arranged on the water outlet, a sewage discharge pipe is connected below the water outlet, a sewage discharge valve is arranged at the tail end of the sewage discharge pipe, a slope of about 10% is built from the periphery to the center of the pool bottom, 2-3 layers of rectangular pool water outlets are arranged, the 1 st layer is the fish blocking fence, the 2-3 layers are gate plates for controlling water level, an overflow port is arranged at a position 1m away from the pool bottom on the pool wall of the mountain spring flowing water pool, and the section of the water outlet is slightly larger than a water inlet no matter in a square pool or a circular pool.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113303249A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-27 | 丽江绿雪庄生态文化发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating trout by melting water in high-altitude snow mountains |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113303249A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-08-27 | 丽江绿雪庄生态文化发展有限公司 | Method for cultivating trout by melting water in high-altitude snow mountains |
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