CN111247181B - 光聚合物组合物 - Google Patents
光聚合物组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111247181B CN111247181B CN201880068367.3A CN201880068367A CN111247181B CN 111247181 B CN111247181 B CN 111247181B CN 201880068367 A CN201880068367 A CN 201880068367A CN 111247181 B CN111247181 B CN 111247181B
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- compound
- photopolymer composition
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- isocyanate
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- -1 isocyanate compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 22
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007824 aliphatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001491 aromatic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
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- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- ZIUSORRBQVLAEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxy-1H-pyrimidin-4-yl)urea Chemical compound N(C(=O)N)C1(N=CNC=C1)O ZIUSORRBQVLAEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CZDFJGDRFIGPBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,8-naphthyridine-2,7-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=NC2=NC(N)=CC=C21 CZDFJGDRFIGPBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NOIRDLRUNWIUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-3,7-dihydropurin-6-one;6-amino-1h-pyrimidin-2-one Chemical class NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1.O=C1NC(N)=NC2=C1NC=N2 NOIRDLRUNWIUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 3
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCOP(=O)(OCCCC)OCCCC STCOOQWBFONSKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N (+)-propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-benzyl-2-(dimethylamino)-1-(4-morpholin-4-ylphenyl)butan-1-one Chemical compound C=1C=C(N2CCOCC2)C=CC=1C(=O)C(CC)(N(C)C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 UHFFVFAKEGKNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,6-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=C(N=C=O)C=CC=C1N=C=O RUELTTOHQODFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricopper;dicarbonate;dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[Cu+2].[O-]C([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O GWBUNZLLLLDXMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
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- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- C09D133/066—Copolymers with monomers not covered by C09D133/06 containing -OH groups
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Abstract
本公开提供一种光聚合物组合物,该光聚合物组合物包含:聚合物基质或其前体,该聚合物基质或其前体包含具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物;光反应性单体;和光引发剂,本发明还提供一种由所述光聚合物组合物制备而成的全息图记录介质,包含所述光聚合物组合物的光学元件,和使用所述光聚合物组合物的全息记录方法。
Description
技术领域
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年12月11日在韩国知识产权局提交的韩国专利申请No.10-2017-0169488的权益,该专利申请的公开内容通过引用全部并入本说明书中。
本公开涉及一种光聚合物组合物、全息图记录介质、光学元件和全息记录方法。
背景技术
全息图记录介质通过曝光工艺改变介质中的全息记录层中的折射率来记录信息,读取由此记录的介质中的折射率的变化,并且再现该信息。
当使用光聚合物(光敏树脂)时,通过低分子量单体的光聚合可以容易地将光干涉图案存储为全息图。因此,光聚合物可以用于各种领域,如光学透镜、反光镜、偏转镜、滤光片、漫射屏、衍射元件、光导、波导、具有投屏和/或掩模功能的全息光学元件、光学存储器系统和光漫射板的介质、光学波长多工器、反射型和透射型滤色器等。
通常,用于全息图生产的光聚合物组合物包含聚合物粘合剂、单体和光引发剂,并且用激光干涉光照射由这种组合物制备而成的光敏膜来诱导局部单体的光聚合。
在这种光聚合过程中,在存在相对大量的单体的部分中,折射率变高。并且在存在相对大量的聚合物粘合剂的部分中,折射率相对降低,因此,发生折射率调制,并且通过这种折射率调制产生衍射光栅。
折射率调制值(n)受到光聚合物层的厚度和衍射效率(DE)的影响,并且随着厚度减小,角度选择性增加。
近来,需要开发能够以高衍射效率保持稳定全息图的物质,并且也已经做出各种尝试来制造具有薄的厚度和高折射率调制值的光聚合物层。
发明内容
技术问题
本公开提供一种光聚合物组合物,该光聚合物组合物可以更容易地提供即使具有薄的厚度也具有高折射率调制值和高衍射效率的光聚合物层。
本公开还提供一种全息图记录介质,该全息图记录介质包含即使具有薄的厚度也具有高折射率调制值和高衍射效率的光聚合物层。
本公开还提供一种包括上述全息图记录介质的光学元件。
本公开还提供一种全息记录方法,包括使用相干光源使所述光聚合物组合物中包含的光反应性单体选择性地聚合。
技术方案
本公开提供一种光聚合物组合物,包含:聚合物基质或其前体,该聚合物基质或其前体包含具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物;光反应性单体;和光引发剂。
本公开还提供一种由所述光聚合物组合物制备而成的全息图记录介质。
另外,本公开提供一种包括所述全息图记录介质的光学元件。
本公开还提供一种全息记录方法,包括使用相干光源使所述光聚合物组合物中包含的光反应性单体选择性地聚合。
下文中,将更详细地描述根据本发明的具体实施方案的光聚合物组合物、全息图记录介质、光学元件和全息记录方法。
如本文中所使用,术语“(甲基)丙烯酸酯”指甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯。
如本文中所使用,术语“(共)聚合物”指均聚物或共聚物(包括无规共聚物、嵌段共聚物和接枝共聚物)。
另外,本文中所使用的术语“全息图”指通过曝光工艺在整个可见光范围和近紫外范围(300nm至800nm)中记录光学信息的记录介质,并且其实例包括所有的可视全息图,如同轴(Gabor)全息图、离轴全息图、全孔径转移全息图、白光透射全息图(“彩虹全息图”)、Denisyuk全息图、离轴反射全息图、边缘照明全息图或全息立体图。
在本公开中,烷基可以是直链或支链,并且对其碳原子的数目没有特别地限制,但是优选为1至40。
根据一个实施方案,烷基具有1至20个碳原子。
根据另一实施方案,烷基具有1至10个碳原子。
根据另一实施方案,烷基具有1至6个碳原子。
烷基的具体实例包括甲基、乙基、丙基、正丙基、异丙基、丁基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、仲丁基、1-甲基丁基、1-乙基丁基、戊基、正戊基、异戊基、新戊基、叔戊基、己基、正己基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、4-甲基-2-戊基、3,3-二甲基丁基、2-乙基丁基、庚基、正庚基、1-甲基己基、环戊基甲基、环庚基甲基、辛基、正辛基、叔辛基、1-甲基庚基、2-乙基己基、2-丙基戊基、正壬基、2,2-二甲基庚基、1-乙基-丙基、1,1-二甲基-丙基、异己基、2-甲基戊基、4-甲基己基、5-甲基己基等,但是不限于此。
在本公开中,亚烷基是来自烷烃的二价官能团,并且可以是直链、支链或环状。其具体实例包括亚甲基、亚乙基、亚丙基、亚异丁基、亚仲丁基、亚叔丁基、亚戊基、亚己基等。
在本公开中,“*”指与另一取代基连接的键。
根据本公开的一个实施方案,提供一种光聚合物组合物,包含:聚合物基质或其前体,该聚合物基质或其前体包含具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物;光反应性单体;和光引发剂。
本发明人通过实验发现,由包含含有具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物的聚合物基质或其前体的光聚合物组合物形成的全息图,即使具有薄的厚度也可以表现出高折射率调制值和高衍射效率,从而完成本发明。
更具体地,由于聚合物基质或其前体的结构稳定性,在形成全息图的过程中不显著发生收缩,从而防止全息图变形。此外,聚合物基质或其前体具有由非共价键如氢键构成的网络结构,使得当向其施加外部冲击时,网络结构可以通过分子间相互作用而重建,从而提高对外部冲击的耐久性。
包含具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物的聚合物基质或其前体具有通过异氰酸酯基与多元醇的羟基的反应形成的氨基甲酸酯键,从而使形成的基质表现出优异的柔韧性。因此,可以提高在最终制备的全息图记录介质中光反应性单体的移动性,并且具有与其它组分的高相容性,使得形成的全息图具有优异的耐久性。
另外,能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团可以在聚合物基质中形成氢键,并且可以控制交联度。因此,如上所述,在通过非共价键如氢键形成交联结构之后施加外部冲击时,交联结构可以通过分子间相互作用以重复和可逆的形式重建,从而改善最终制备的全息图的耐久性和上面形成有全息图的膜的机械性能。
聚合物基质中的氢键是吉布斯自由能(△G)为约-12Kcal/mol至-24Kcal/mol的相对弱的键,但是通过排列多个氢键供体和受体可以具有强的键合力。因此,实施方案的聚合物基质可以具有与使用通过共价键化学交联的聚合物基质相似的性能。
所述聚合物基质或其前体可以充当全息图记录介质和由其制备的最终产品的载体,所述光反应性单体可以充当记录单体。当使用它们时,在全息记录的过程中,光反应性单体在聚合物基质上选择性地聚合,由于折射率差异而引起折射率调制。
另外,对聚合物基质的折射率没有特别地限制,但是可以是1.45至1.70、1.455至1.60或1.46至1.53。
能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的具体实例包括选自-OH、-OR、-NH2、-NHR(其中,R是C1至C20脂肪族基团)、-NR2(其中,R是C1至C20脂肪族基团)、-COOH、-COOR(其中,R是C1至C20脂肪族基团)、-CONH2、-CONR2、-NHOH和-NROR(其中,R是C1至C20脂肪族基团)的一价官能团,或选自-NHCO-、-NRCO-、-O-、-NH-、-NR-、-COO-、-CONHCO-、-CONRCO-、-NH-NH-、-NR-NH-和-NR-NR-的二价官能团。
R可以是C1至C20脂肪族基团、C4至C20脂环族基团或C6至C20芳香族基团。
对具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物的具体结构没有特别地限制,但是可以具有其中具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的杂环化合物和具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物键合的结构。
所述反应性异氰酸酯化合物可以通过使具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的杂环化合物和具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物反应,或者通过使能够形成上述结构的前体化合物反应来制备。
例如,具有上述结构的反应性异氰酸酯化合物可以通过使预定的杂环化合物与具有至少两个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物反应来合成。
具体地,具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的杂环化合物可以是选自2-脲基-4-嘧啶酮、4-脲基-4-嘧啶醇、2-脲基-4-嘧啶酮、二酰基嘧啶、2,6-二(乙酰氨基)-4-吡啶基、2,7-二氨基-1,8-萘啶、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、腺嘌呤-胸腺嘧啶二聚体、腺嘌呤-尿嘧啶二聚体和鸟嘌呤-胞嘧啶二聚体中的至少一种。
另外,具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物可以是具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的C1至C20脂肪族化合物、具有至少一个异氰酸酯基并且被至少一个C1至C10脂肪族基团取代的C4至C20脂环族化合物、或具有至少一个异氰酸酯基并且被至少一个C1至C10脂肪族基团取代的C6至C20芳香族化合物。
更具体地,所述具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的化合物是脂肪族、脂环族、芳香族或芳香族-脂肪族单异氰酸酯、二异氰酸酯、三异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯。
所述具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的化合物可以是具有氨基甲酸酯、脲、碳二亚胺、酰基脲、异氰脲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、恶二嗪三酮、脲二酮或亚氨基恶二嗪二酮结构的单体型二异氰酸酯和/或三异氰酸酯的具有相对高分子量的次级产物(低异氰酸酯和多异氰酸酯)。
所述具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的化合物的具体实例包括:亚丁基二异氰酸酯、六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)、1,8-二异氰酸基-4-(异氰酸基甲基)辛烷、2,2,4-和/或2,4,4-三甲基六亚甲基二异氰酸酯、异构双(4,4'-异氰酸基-环己基)甲烷、它们的具有任意期望的异构体含量的混合物、异氰酸基甲基-1,8-辛烷二异氰酸酯、1,4-亚环己基二异氰酸酯、异构环己烷二亚甲基二异氰酸酯、1,4-亚苯基二异氰酸酯、2,4-和/或2,6-甲苯二异氰酸酯、1,5-亚萘基二异氰酸酯、2,4'-或4,4'-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯和/或三苯基甲烷4,4',4"-三异氰酸酯等。
同时,与所述反应性异氰酸酯化合物反应形成聚合物基质的具有至少两个羟基的多元醇可以是具有2至20个碳原子的脂肪族、芳香族-脂肪族或脂环族二元醇、三元醇和/或更多元醇。
所述多元醇的羟基当量可以为300g/mol至10,000g/mol,重均分子量可以为100,000至1,500,0000g/mol。
二元醇的实例包括乙二醇、二甘醇、三甘醇、四甘醇、二丙二醇、三丙二醇、1,2-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、新戊二醇、2-乙基-2-丁基丙二醇、三甲基戊二醇、二乙基辛二醇位置异构体、1,3-丁二醇、环己二醇、1,4-环己烷二甲醇、1,6-己二醇、1,2-和1,4-环己二醇、氢化双酚A(2,2-双(4-羟基环己基)丙烷)和2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙基2,2-二甲基-3-羟基丙酸酯。
另外,三元醇的实例包括三羟甲基乙烷、三羟甲基丙烷或甘油。
合适的高官能醇包括二三羟甲基丙烷、季戊四醇、二季戊四醇和山梨糖醇。
作为所述多元醇,可以使用具有相对高分子量的脂肪族和脂环族多元醇,如聚酯多元醇、聚醚多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇、羟基官能丙烯酸树脂、羟基官能聚氨酯、羟基官能环氧树脂等。
所述聚酯多元醇可以是直链聚酯二元醇,该直链聚酯二元醇通过使用多羟基醇如乙二醇、二-、三-或四甘醇、1,2-丙二醇、二-、三-或四丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、1,5-戊二醇、1,6-己二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,4-二羟基环己烷、1,4-二羟甲基环己烷、1,8-辛二醇、1,10-癸二醇、1,12-十二烷二醇或它们的混合物,并且任选地,同时使用更高官能的多元醇如三羟甲基丙烷或甘油,由脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族二元羧酸或多元羧酸或它们的酸酐,例如,琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、庚二酸、辛二酸、壬二酸、癸二酸、壬烷二甲酸、癸烷二甲酸、对苯二甲酸、间苯二甲酸、邻苯二甲酸、四氢邻苯二甲酸、六氢邻苯二甲酸或偏苯三甲酸,以及酸酐如邻苯二甲酸酐、偏苯三甲酸酐或琥珀酸酐,或者它们的任意混合物以已知方式来得到。
当然,脂环族和/或芳香族二羟基和多羟基化合物适合作为用于制备聚酯多元醇的多羟基醇。
在制备聚酯时,也可以使用低级醇对应的多元羧酸酐或对应的多元羧酸酯,或它们的混合物,代替游离的多元羧酸。
另外,可以用于合成聚合物基质的聚酯多元醇包括内酯的均聚物或共聚物,它们优选通过将内酯或内酯混合物,如丁内酯、ε-己内酯和/或甲基-ε-己内酯加入到作为用于聚酯多元醇的合成组分的合适的双官能和/或更高官能的引发剂分子,如上述具有低分子量的多羟基醇中来得到。
另外,具有羟基的聚碳酸酯也适合作为用于预聚物合成的多羟基组分。例如,它可以通过二元醇如1,4-丁二醇和/或1,6-己二醇和/或3-甲基戊二醇与碳酸二芳基酯,如碳酸二苯酯、碳酸二甲酯或光气的反应制备。
另外,可以用于合成聚合物基质的聚醚多元醇可以是,例如,苯乙烯氧化物的加聚产物、环氧乙烷的加聚产物、环氧丙烷的加聚产物、四氢呋喃的加聚产物、环氧丁烷的加聚产物、或环氧氯丙烷的加聚产物、它们的混合加成产物、它们的接枝产物、通过多羟基醇的缩合得到的聚醚多元醇或它们的混合物、以及通过多羟基醇、胺和氨基醇的烷氧基化得到的物质。
聚醚多元醇的具体实例包括无规或嵌段共聚物形式的聚(环氧丙烷)、聚(环氧乙烷)和它们的组合,或者聚(四氢呋喃)及其混合物,其OH官能度为1.5至6并且数均分子量为200g/mol至18000g/mol,优选OH官能度为1.8至4.0并且数均分子量为600g/mol至8000g/mol,特别优选OH官能度为1.9至3.1并且数均分子量为650g/mol至4500g/mol。
为了由实施方案的光聚合物组合物得到更高的折射率调制值(△n)和衍射效率,可以使用羟基当量为1,000g/mol至3,000g/mol或1,200g/mol至2,500g/mol的多元醇作为具有至少两个羟基的多元醇。
当使用羟基当量在上述范围内的多元醇时,在形成氨基甲酸酯键的聚合物基质的交联反应中,更容易控制交联度和交联反应性。
另外,当使用羟基当量在上述范围内的多元醇时,具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的摩尔比可以为2至8,或为3至6。
由于反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的摩尔比在上述范围内,因此,最终聚合物基质的交联密度可以通过调节由氢键形成的交联的位置比例来控制。聚合物基质的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和记录单体的移动性(mobility)随着交联密度而变化,因此,最终制备的全息图记录介质的折射率调制值(△n)和衍射效率可以大大得到改善。
所述光反应性单体可以包括多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体或单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
如上所述,在光聚合物组合物的光聚合过程中单体聚合并且聚合物以相对大的量存在的部分中,折射率变高。在聚合物粘合剂以相对大的量存在的部分中,折射率变得相对低,发生折射率调制,并且通过这种折射率调制产生衍射光栅。
具体地,所述光反应性单体的一个实例可以包括(甲基)丙烯酸酯类α,β-不饱和羧酸衍生物,例如,(甲基)丙烯酸酯、(甲基)丙烯酰胺、(甲基)丙烯腈、(甲基)丙烯酸等,或者包含乙烯基或硫醇基的化合物。
所述光反应性单体的一个实例可以包括折射率为1.5以上、1.53以上或为1.5至1.7的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。折射率为1.5以上、或1.53以上或为1.5至1.7的所述多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体可以包含卤素原子(溴、碘等)、硫(S)、磷(P)或芳环。
折射率为1.5以上的多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体的更具体的实例包括双酚A改性的二丙烯酸酯类型、芴丙烯酸酯类型(HR6022等,由Miwon Specialty ChemicalCo.,Ltd.制备)、双酚芴环氧丙烯酸酯类型(HR6100、HR6060、HR6042等,由Miwon Specialty ChemicalCo.,Ltd.制备)、卤化环氧丙烯酸酯类型(HR1139、HR3362等,由Miwon Specialty ChemicalCo.,Ltd.制备)等。
所述光反应性单体的另一实例可以包括单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
所述单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体可以在分子中包含醚键和芴官能团。其具体实例包括(甲基)丙烯酸苯氧基苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸邻苯基苯酚环氧乙烷、(甲基)丙烯酸苄基酯、(甲基)丙烯酸2-(苯硫基)乙酯、(甲基)丙烯酸联苯基甲酯等。
同时,所述光反应性单体的重均分子量可以为50g/mol至1000g/mol或200g/mol至600g/mol。
重均分子量指通过GPC方法测量的使用聚苯乙烯校准的重均分子量。
在测量通过GPC方法测量的使用聚苯乙烯校准的重均分子量的过程中,可以使用公知的分析仪、诸如示差折射率检测器的检测器和分析柱。此外,可以使用常规应用的温度条件、溶剂和流速。
作为测量条件的一个具体实例,可以应用30℃的温度、氯仿溶剂和1mL/min的流速。
同时,实施方案的光聚合物组合物包含光引发剂。
光引发剂是通过光或光化辐射被活化的化合物,并且引发包含光反应性官能团的化合物如光反应性单体的聚合。
作为所述光引发剂,可以使用通常已知的光引发剂而没有特别地限制,但是其具体实例包括光自由基聚合引发剂、光阳离子聚合引发剂和光阴离子聚合引发剂。
所述光自由基聚合引发剂的具体实例包括:咪唑衍生物、双咪唑衍生物、N-芳基甘氨酸衍生物、有机叠氮化合物、环戊二烯钛、铝酸盐络合物、有机过氧化物、N-烷氧基吡啶鎓盐、噻吨酮衍生物、胺衍生物等。
更具体地,所述光自由基聚合引发剂的实例包括:1,3-二(叔丁基二氧羰基)二苯甲酮、3,3',4,4”-四(叔丁基二氧羰基)二苯甲酮、3-苯基-5-异唑酮、2-巯基苯并咪唑、双(2,4,5-三苯基)咪唑、2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙烷-1-酮(产品名称:Irgacure 651/制造商:BASF)、1-羟基-环己基-苯基-酮(产品名称:Irgacure184/制造商:BASF)、2-苄基-2-二甲氨基-1-(4-吗啉基苯基)-丁酮-1(产品名称:Irgacure 369/制造商:BASF)、双(η5-2,4-环戊二烯-1-基)-双(2,6-二氟-3-(1H-吡咯-1-基)-苯基)钛(产品名称:Irgacure784/制造商:BASF)、Ebecryl P-115(制造商:SK entis)、H-Nu 254(制造商:Spectra GroupLimited)等。
所述光阳离子聚合引发剂可以包括重氮盐、锍盐或碘鎓盐,其实例包括磺酸酯、亚氨基磺酸盐、二烷基-4-羟基锍盐、芳基磺酸-对硝基苄基酯、硅醇-铝络合物、(η6-苯)(η5-环戊二烯基)铁(II)等。
此外,可以使用安息香甲苯磺酸盐、2,5-二硝基苄基甲苯磺酸盐、N-甲苯磺酰基邻苯二甲酸酰亚胺等。
所述光阳离子聚合引发剂的更具体的实例包括市售产品如Cyracure UVI-6970、Cyracure UVI-6974和Cyracure UVI-6990(制造商:美国Dow Chemical Co.)、Irgacure264和Irgacure 250(制造商:BASF)或CIT-1682(制造商:Nippon Soda)。
所述光阴离子聚合引发剂可以包括硼酸盐,其实例包括丁酰氯丁基三苯基硼酸盐等。
所述光阴离子聚合引发剂的更具体的实例包括市售产品如Borate V(制造商:Spectra Group)。
另外,实施方案的光聚合物组合物可以包含单分子(I型)引发剂或双分子(II型)引发剂。
用于自由基光聚合的(I型)体系可以包括,例如,与叔胺组合的芳香族酮化合物,如二苯甲酮、烷基二苯甲酮、4,4'-双(二甲基氨基)二苯甲酮(米氏酮)、蒽酮和卤代二苯甲酮,或这些类型的混合物。
双分子(II型)引发剂可以包括安息香及其衍生物、苄基缩酮、酰基氧化膦,例如,2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酰基二苯基氧化膦、双丙烯酰基氧化膦、苯基乙醛酰基酯、樟脑醌、α-氨基烷基酰苯、α,α-二烷氧基苯乙酮、1-[4-(苯硫基)苯基]辛烷-1,2-二酮2-(邻苯甲酰基肟)、α-羟烷基酰苯等。
所述光聚合物组合物可以包含:1重量%至80重量%的所述聚合物基质或其前体;5重量%至80重量%的具有反应性官能团的交联剂;5重量%至80重量%的所述光反应性单体;和0.1重量%至15重量%的所述光引发剂。当所述光聚合物组合物还包含如下文中描述的有机溶剂时,上面提到的组分的含量以上面提到的组分的总和(不包括有机溶剂的组分的总和)为基础。
所述光聚合物组合物还可以包含低折射性氟类化合物。
所述氟类化合物稳定,具有低反应性,并且具有低折射率。因此,当将所述氟类化合物添加到光聚合物组合物中时,可以降低聚合物基质的折射率,从而使与单体的折射率调制最大化。
所述低折射性氟类化合物可以包含选自醚基、酯基和酰胺基中的至少一个官能团,和至少两个二氟亚甲基。
更具体地,所述氟类化合物可以具有由下面化学式4表示的结构,其中,包含醚基的官能团与中心官能团的两个末端键合,所述中心官能团包括两个二氟亚甲基之间的直接键或一个醚键。
[化学式4]
在化学式4中,R11和R12各自独立地是二氟亚甲基,R13和R16各自独立地是亚甲基,R14和R15各自独立地是二氟亚甲基,R17和R18各自独立地是聚环氧烷基,m是1以上、1至10或1至3的整数。
优选地,在化学式4中,R11和R12各自独立地是二氟亚甲基,R13和R16各自独立地是亚甲基,R14和R15各自独立地是二氟亚甲基,R17和R18各自独立地是2-甲氧基乙氧基甲氧基,m是整数2。
所述低折射性氟类化合物的折射率可以小于1.45,或为1.4以上且小于1.45。
如上所述,由于光反应性单体的折射率为1.5以上,高于低折射性氟类化合物的折射率,因此,聚合物基质的折射率可以降低,从而使与单体的折射率调制最大化。
具体地,基于100重量份的光反应性单体,所述低折射性氟类化合物的含量可以为30重量份至150重量份,或为50重量份至110重量份。
当基于100重量份的光反应性单体,所述低折射性氟类化合物的含量过度减小时,由于缺乏低折射性组分,记录之后的折射率调制值会降低。当所述含量过度增大时,由于交联度低而不能形成膜,并且由于相容性低而会提高缺陷率。此外,由于与其它组分的差的相容性而会产生雾度,或者部分氟类化合物会被洗脱至涂层的表面。
所述低折射性氟类化合物的重均分子量(通过GPC测量)可以为300以上,或为300至1000。
测量重均分子量的具体方法如上面所描述。
同时,所述光聚合物组合物还可以包含光敏染料。
所述光敏染料充当光敏颜料以使光引发剂感光。更具体地,所述光敏染料可以被照射在光聚合物组合物上的光激发,并且还可以充当引发剂来引发单体与交联单体的聚合。
所述光聚合物组合物可以包含0.01重量%至30重量%或0.05重量%至20重量%的所述光敏染料。
对所述光敏染料的实例没有特别地限制,并且可以使用本领域中公知的各种化合物。
所述光敏染料的具体实例包括:蒽并(9,1-bc)萘并(3,2,1-kl)吖啶(ceramidonine)的锍衍生物、新亚甲基蓝、硫代赤藓红三乙基铵、6-乙酰氨基-2-甲基蒽并(9,1-bc)萘并(3,2,1-kl)吖啶、曙红、赤藓红、玫瑰红、硫堇、碱性黄、氯化频哪氰醇、罗丹明6G、花青、乙基紫、维多利亚蓝R、天青石蓝、甲基氮萘红、结晶紫、亮绿、碱性橙G、达罗红、派洛宁Y、碱性红29、吡喃鎓碘化物、番红O、青蓝、亚甲基蓝、天青A,或它们中的两种或更多种的组合。
所述光聚合物组合物还可以包含有机溶剂。
所述有机溶剂的实例包括酮、醇、乙酸酯、醚和它们中的两种或更多种的混合物。
所述有机溶剂的具体实例包括:酮,如甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、乙酰丙酮或异丁基酮;醇,如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇或叔丁醇;乙酸酯,如乙酸乙酯、乙酸异丙酯或聚乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯;醚,如四氢呋喃或丙二醇单甲醚;或它们中的两种或更多种的混合物。
所述有机溶剂可以在混合光聚合物组合物中包含的各个组分时添加,或者可以通过添加分散或混合在有机溶剂中的各个组分而包含在光聚合物组合物中。
当光聚合物组合物中的有机溶剂的含量太低时,光聚合物组合物的流动性会降低,导致在最终制备的膜上产生缺陷如条纹图案。
此外,当添加太多量的有机溶剂时,固体含量降低,并且涂布和成膜不充分,使得膜的物理性能和表面特性会劣化并且在干燥和固化工艺的过程中会产生缺陷。
因此,所述光聚合物组合物可以包含有机溶剂,使得所包含的组分的总固体含量浓度为1重量%至70重量%,或为2重量%至50重量%。
所述光聚合物组合物还可以包含其它添加剂、催化剂等。
例如,所述光聚合物组合物还可以包含通常已知用于促进聚合物基质或光反应性单体的聚合的催化剂。
所述催化剂的实例包括:辛酸锡、辛酸锌、二月桂酸二丁基锡、二甲基双[(1-氧代新癸基)氧基]锡烷、二羧酸二甲基锡、二(乙基己酸)锆、乙酰丙酮锆、对甲苯磺酸,或叔胺,如1,4-二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷、二氮杂双环壬烷、二氮杂双环十一烷、1,1,3,3-四甲基胍、1,3,4,6,7,8-六氢-1-甲基-2H-嘧啶并(1,2-a)嘧啶等。
其它添加剂的实例包括消泡剂或磷酸酯类增塑剂,并且所述消泡剂可以为有机硅类反应添加剂,例如,为Tego Rad 2500。
所述增塑剂的实例包括磷酸酯化合物如磷酸三丁酯,并且所述增塑剂可以以1:5至5:1的重量比与氟类化合物一起添加。
所述增塑剂的折射率可以小于1.5,并且分子量可以为700以下。
所述氟类化合物或所述磷酸酯类化合物具有比所述光反应性单体更低的折射率,从而降低聚合物基质的折射率,并且使光聚合物组合物的折射率调制最大化。
此外,所述磷酸酯类化合物充当增塑剂以降低聚合物基质的玻璃化转变温度,从而提高光聚合物组合物的成形性能或者提高单体的移动性。
所述光聚合物组合物可以用于全息图记录。
同时,根据本公开的另一实施方案,可以提供一种由所述光聚合物组合物制备的全息图记录介质。
如上所述,当使用一个实施方案的光聚合物组合物时,可以提供与本领域中已知的全息图相比在具有更薄的厚度的同时能够实现显著改善的折射率调制值和高衍射效率的全息图。
所述全息图记录介质即使在5μm至30μm的厚度下也可以实现0.009以上、0.010以上、0.011以上、或0.012以上的折射率调制值(n)。对上限没有特别地限制,但是可以为0.020以下。
另外,所述全息图记录介质在5μm至30μm的厚度下的衍射效率可以为50%以上、70%以上、80%以上或85%以上。对上限没有特别地限制,但是可以为99.9%以下。
在一个实施方案的光聚合物组合物中,将其中包含的各个组分均匀混合、干燥并且在20℃以上的温度下固化,然后进行预定的曝光程序,从而制备用于在整个可见光范围和近紫外区域(300nm至800nm)中的光学应用的全息图。
在一个实施方案的光聚合物组合物中,首先,可以均匀地混合形成聚合物基质或其前体的组分,然后,可以将直链硅烷交联剂与催化剂混合来制备全息图。
在一个实施方案的光聚合物组合物中,可以使用本领域中公知的混合装置、搅拌器、混合器等来混合其中包含的各个组分而没有特别地限制。混合过程中的温度可以为0℃至100℃,优选为10℃至80℃,特别优选为20℃至60℃。
同时,在一个实施方案的光聚合物组合物中,首先将形成聚合物基质或其前体的组分均质化并且混合。随后,在添加直链交联剂时,光聚合物组合物可以变为在20℃以上的温度下固化的液体配方。
固化温度可以根据光聚合物的组成变化,并且固化通过,例如,在30℃至180℃的温度下加热来促进。
在固化时,光聚合物可以为注入或涂布在预定基板或模具上的状态。
同时,作为在由所述光聚合物组合物制备的全息图记录介质上记录可视全息图的方法,可以使用通常已知的方法而没有特别地限制。可以采用在下文中描述的实施方案的全息记录方法中描述的方法作为一个实例。
根据本公开的另一实施方案,可以提供一种全息记录方法,该全息记录方法包括使用相干光源使所述光聚合物组合物中包含的光反应性单体选择性地聚合。
如上所述,通过混合和固化所述光聚合物组合物的工艺,可以制备未记录可视全息图的介质,并且可以通过预定的曝光过程在介质上记录可视全息图。
可以使用已知的装置和方法在公知条件下在通过混合和固化所述光聚合物组合物的工艺提供的介质上记录可视全息图。
根据本公开的另一实施方案,可以提供一种包括全息图记录介质的光学元件。
所述光学元件的具体实例包括:光学透镜、反光镜、偏转镜、滤光片、漫射屏、衍射元件、光导、波导、具有投屏和/或掩模功能的全息光学元件、光学存储器系统和光漫射板的介质、光学波长多工器、反射型和透射型滤色器等。
包括全息图记录介质的光学元件的一个实例可以包括全息图显示装置。
所述全息图显示装置包括光源单元、输入单元、光学系统和显示单元。
光源单元是照射用于在输入单元和显示单元中提供、记录和再现对象的三维图像信息的激光束的部分。
此外,输入单元是预先输入待记录在显示单元上的对象的三维图像信息的部分,例如,对象的三维信息如用于各个空间的光的强度和相位可以输入到电寻址液晶SLM中,其中可以使用输入光束。
光学系统可以包括反光镜、偏振器、分束器、射束光闸、透镜等。光学系统可以分布在用于将从光源单元发射的激光束发送至输入单元的输入光束、用于将激光束发送至显示单元的记录光束、参照光束、擦除光束、读取光束等中。
显示单元可以从输入单元接收对象的三维图像信息,将其记录在由光寻址SLM组成的全息图板上,并且再现对象的三维图像。
此处,可以通过输入光束和参照光束的干涉来记录对象的三维图像信息。
记录在全息图板上的对象的三维图像信息可以通过由读取光束产生的衍射图案再现为三维图像。擦除光束可以用于迅速移除所形成的衍射图案。
同时,全息图板可以在输入三维图像的位置与再现三维图像的位置之间移动。
有益效果
根据本公开,提供一种即使具有薄的厚度也可以实现高折射率调制值和高衍射效率的光聚合物组合物、使用所述光聚合物组合物的全息图记录介质、光学元件和全息记录方法。
具体实施方式
下文中,将参照下面的实施例详细地说明本发明。
然而,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明,并且本发明的范围不限于此。
[制备实施例]
1.制备实施例1:反应性异氰酸酯化合物的合成
在500ml的烧瓶中,将4.4g(0.7mol)的2-氨基-6-甲基嘧啶-4-醇溶解在39g(3.5mol)的异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯中,然后在90℃下回流40小时。
当混合物变透明时,通过在过量的正己烷中缓慢析出混合物,然后过滤和干燥来进行后处理,以得到产物,收率为30%。
制备实施例2:非反应性低折射性物质(P2)的制备
将20.51g的2,2'-((氧代双(1,1,2,2-四氟乙烷-2,1-二基))双(氧代))双(2,2-二氟乙-1-醇)放置在1000ml的烧瓶中,溶解在500g的四氢呋喃中,并且在0℃下搅拌的同时多次缓慢添加4.40g的氢化钠(在矿物油中的60%的分散体)。
在0℃下搅拌20分钟之后,缓慢滴加12.50ml的2-甲氧基乙氧基甲基氯。
当通过1H NMR确认所有的反应物均被消耗时,在减压下完全去除反应溶剂。
有机层通过用300g的二氯甲烷萃取三次来收集。之后,用硫酸镁过滤,并且在减压下去除所有的二氯甲烷,得到29g的纯度为95%以上的液体产物,收率为98%。
[实施例:光聚合物组合物的制备]
实施例1
如下面表1中所示,将0.25g的在制备实施例1中得到的反应性异氰酸酯化合物、41.3g的多元醇-1(丙烯酸多元醇,OH当量为5767g/mol,稀释至20%固体)、8.5g的光反应性单体(高折射性丙烯酸酯,折射率为1.600,HR6022,由Miwon制备)、3.7g的磷酸三丁酯(TBP,分子量为266.31,折射率为1.424,由Sigma-Aldrich制备)和3.7g的在制备实施例2中得到的P2(非反应性低折射性物质)与30g的MIBK(溶剂)混合,并且搅拌1小时,得到透明溶液。
随后,向其中加入4.9g的番红O(染料,由Sigma-Aldrich制备)、3.7g的叔胺(CN-386,由Sartomer制备,稀释至10%固体)和2.5g的Irgacure250(稀释至1%固体),然后混合并均匀搅拌30分钟。之后,加入1.6g的DBTDL(二月桂酸二丁基锡,稀释至1%固体)并且搅拌1分钟,制备透明光聚合物涂料溶液。
使用迈耶棒将光聚合物涂料溶液涂布在TAC基板(80μm)上,然后在40℃下热固化30分钟,制备涂层厚度为15μm的光聚合物涂膜。
实施例2至实施例7
除了使用多元醇-2(丙烯酸多元醇,OH当量为1,800g/mol,稀释至20%固体)并且其它组分的含量如表2中所示改变之外,以与实施例1中相同的方式制备光聚合物涂料溶液和光聚合物涂膜。
[实验例:全息记录]
(1)将在各个实施例中制备的涂布有光聚合物的表面层压在载玻片上,并且固定,使得在记录时激光首先通过玻璃表面。
(2)衍射效率(η)的测量
通过两个干涉光(参照光和对象光)的干涉完成全息记录,并且完成透射型记录,使得两个光束入射到样品的同一面上。
衍射效率随着两个光束的入射角而变化,并且当两个光束的入射角相同时变为非倾斜(non-slanted)。
在非倾斜记录中,由于两个光束的入射角相对于法线相等,因此,垂直于膜产生衍射光栅。
使用波长为532nm的激光以透射型非倾斜方式完成记录(2θ=45o),并且根据下面等式1计算衍射效率(η)。
[等式1]
在等式1中,η是衍射效率,PD是记录之后样品的衍射光束的输出量(mW/cm2),PT是记录的样品的透射光束的输出量(mW/cm2)。
(3)折射率调制值(△n)的测量
透射型全息图的无损介质光栅可以由下面等式2计算折射率调制值(△n)。
[等式2]
在等式2中,d是光聚合物层的厚度,△n是折射率调制值,η(DE)是衍射效率,λ是记录波长。
[表1]
实施例的光聚合物组合物(单位:g)
[表2]
由实施例制备的全息图记录介质的实验例的测量结果
衍射效率(η)(%) | 折射率调制值(△n) | |
实施例1 | 77 | 0.01 |
实施例2 | 61 | 0.008 |
实施例3 | 52 | 0.0112 |
实施例4 | 65 | 0.0125 |
实施例5 | 97 | 0.02 |
实施例6 | 95 | 0.019 |
实施例7 | 85 | 0.016 |
如上面表1和表2中所示,可以确认,通过使用具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的制备实施例1的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物而制备的实施例的光聚合物涂膜具有0.008以上的折射率调制值(△n)和50%以上的衍射效率。
具体地,可以确认,包含以3至6的重量比使用具有预定羟基当量的多元醇和反应性异氰酸酯化合物得到的聚合物基质的实施例5和实施例6具有0.018以上的折射率调制值(△n)和90%以上的衍射效率。
Claims (8)
1.一种光聚合物组合物,包含:
聚合物基质或其前体,该聚合物基质或其前体包含具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的反应产物;
光反应性单体;
光引发剂;和
低折射性氟类化合物,
其中,所述具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物具有如下结构:
具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的杂环化合物和具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物键合,
其中,所述具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团的杂环化合物是选自2-脲基-4-嘧啶酮、4-脲基-4-嘧啶醇、2,6-二(乙酰氨基)-4-吡啶基、2,7-二氨基-1,8-萘啶、腺嘌呤、胸腺嘧啶、尿嘧啶、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶、腺嘌呤-胸腺嘧啶二聚体、腺嘌呤-尿嘧啶二聚体和鸟嘌呤-胞嘧啶二聚体中的至少一种,
其中,所述低折射性氟类化合物包含选自醚基、酯基和酰胺基中的至少一个官能团,和至少两个二氟亚甲基,
其中,所述低折射性氟类化合物的折射率小于1.45,所述光反应性单体的折射率为1.5以上,
其中,基于100重量份的所述光反应性单体,所述低折射性氟类化合物的含量为30重量份至150重量份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物,
其中,所述具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的脂肪族、脂环族或芳香族化合物是具有至少一个异氰酸酯基的C1至C20脂肪族化合物、具有至少一个异氰酸酯基并且被至少一个C1至C10脂肪族基团取代的C4至C20脂环族化合物、或具有至少一个异氰酸酯基并且被至少一个C1至C10脂肪族基团取代的C6至C20芳香族化合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物,
其中,所述具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的羟基当量为1,000g/mol至3,000g/mol,
所述具有能够形成多个氢键的氢键官能团和至少一个异氰酸酯基的反应性异氰酸酯化合物与所述具有至少两个羟基的多元醇的摩尔比为2至8。
4.根据权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物,
其中,所述光反应性单体包括多官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体或单官能(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体。
5.根据权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物,包含:
1重量%至80重量%的所述聚合物基质或其前体;1重量%至80重量%的所述光反应性单体;和0.1重量%至20重量%的所述光引发剂。
6.一种全息图记录介质,该全息图记录介质由权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物制备而成。
7.一种光学元件,该光学元件包括权利要求6所述的全息图记录介质。
8.一种全息记录方法,包括使用相干光源使权利要求1所述的光聚合物组合物中包含的光反应性单体选择性地聚合。
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