CN111237493A - 有效减少磨损的插板阀 - Google Patents

有效减少磨损的插板阀 Download PDF

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CN111237493A
CN111237493A CN202010156742.9A CN202010156742A CN111237493A CN 111237493 A CN111237493 A CN 111237493A CN 202010156742 A CN202010156742 A CN 202010156742A CN 111237493 A CN111237493 A CN 111237493A
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valve
valve plate
iron core
movable frame
shell
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CN111237493B (zh
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张畋征
杨昌霖
周茂东
吴宵
石庆林
杨光松
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Xiamen University
Jimei University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/16Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor with special arrangements for separating the sealing faces or for pressing them together
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K25/00Details relating to contact between valve members and seats
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K27/00Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor
    • F16K27/04Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves
    • F16K27/044Construction of housing; Use of materials therefor of sliding valves slide valves with flat obturating members
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/0227Packings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/02Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor
    • F16K3/0254Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing with flat sealing faces; Packings therefor being operated by particular means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/30Details
    • F16K3/314Forms or constructions of slides; Attachment of the slide to the spindle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K3/00Gate valves or sliding valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closing members having a sliding movement along the seat for opening and closing
    • F16K3/30Details
    • F16K3/316Guiding of the slide
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0644One-way valve
    • F16K31/0668Sliding valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/02Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic
    • F16K31/06Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices electric; magnetic using a magnet, e.g. diaphragm valves, cutting off by means of a liquid
    • F16K31/0675Electromagnet aspects, e.g. electric supply therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Sliding Valves (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)

Abstract

有效减少磨损的插板阀,涉及制造加工领域,包括手轮、丝杆、阀门板和阀门外壳,还包括两个活动框,活动框位于气道口中,阀门板位于两个活动框之间,活动框与阀门板之间安装有密封胶条;所述活动框设有凹槽定位孔,凹槽定位孔上加装有铁芯,铁芯上套设有复位弹簧;所述阀门外壳上对应铁芯的位置安装有电磁铁;其中,当阀门密闭时,电磁铁不工作,复位弹簧将活动框紧压在阀门板上起到密封效果;当开关阀门时,电磁铁开始工作,通过吸引铁芯,将活动框向远离阀门板的方向移动。可实现开关阀门时能改变阀门板与阀门外壳间的紧密程度,从而保证阀门正常功能的情况下减少开关时造成的磨损,减少更换胶条的频率,延长插板阀的使用寿命。

Description

有效减少磨损的插板阀
技术领域
本发明涉及制造加工领域,尤其涉及有效减少磨损的插板阀。
背景技术
在加工制造领域,特别是涉及需要对气体进行密闭处理的加工场合,插板阀是经常被用到的结构。频繁的开关及气道中的粉尘常会加剧阀门胶条的磨损,减少阀门使用寿命,增加工厂成本。故通过改变阀门结构来减少磨损在阀门被大量使用的情况下可以减少可观的开销。
阀门开关时,参与摩擦的部分主要是在阀门上的胶条与阀门的外壳。为了保证阀门的密封性能,阀门胶条与外壳之间的配合一般为过盈配合,且其配合越紧密,阀门开关时的磨损越大。同时,在阀门开关时,理论上此时插板阀不再需要保证两侧管道的密封性,只需要保证管道内与管道外的密封性,意即此时过紧的过盈配合是没有必要的,因此该过紧的过盈配合增加了阀门无谓的磨损,时间久后由于插板阀开关时磨损过大,会影响阀门的密封性,严重影响插板阀的使用,需要频繁更换胶条,同时也会减少阀门的寿命。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中的上述问题,提供有效减少磨损的插板阀,可调整阀门与外壳之间配合紧密关系,从而解决阀门开关时密封结构磨损过大的问题。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
有效减少磨损的插板阀,包括手轮、丝杆、阀门板和阀门外壳,阀门外壳包括前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳,前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳组装形成有气道口,阀门板位于前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳的中间即气道口中,手轮通过丝杆连接阀门板以开启或关闭气道口;还包括两个活动框,所述活动框位于气道口中,阀门板位于两个活动框之间,活动框与阀门板之间安装有密封胶条;所述活动框设有凹槽定位孔,所述凹槽定位孔上加装有铁芯,铁芯上套设有复位弹簧;所述阀门外壳上对应铁芯的位置安装有电磁铁;其中,当阀门密闭时,电磁铁不工作,复位弹簧将活动框紧压在阀门板上起到密封效果;当开关阀门时,电磁铁开始工作,通过吸引铁芯,将活动框向远离阀门板的方向移动。
所述气道口的两侧安装有双向导轨,所述双向导轨上开设有供阀门板上下移动的竖槽轨道、及供活动框前后移动的横槽轨道;所述阀门板的两侧插接在竖槽轨道内,所述活动框的两侧设有插接在横槽轨道内的凸出部。
所述双向导轨上排列设有两列若干行固定座;两列固定座的中间设有第一间隙,第一间隙呈直线式设置以形成所述竖槽轨道;相邻行的固定座之间设有第二间隙,第二间隙形成所述横槽轨道。
所述铁芯设有8个,分别安装在两个活动框的四角处,相应地,所述电磁铁设有8个,分别安装在前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳的四角处。
所述活动框上朝向阀门板的一侧开设有密封槽,所述密封胶条安装于密封槽内。
相对于现有技术,本发明技术方案取得的有益效果是:
1、本发明在阀门板两侧与阀门外壳间增加两个活动框,将复位弹簧套设在铁芯上并利用电磁铁作为驱动,即可实现开关阀门时能改变阀门板与阀门外壳间的紧密程度,从而保证阀门正常功能的情况下减少开关时造成的磨损,减少更换胶条的频率,延长插板阀的使用寿命。
2、本发明使用电磁铁驱动,结构简单,操作简便,能够简单地实现功能,无需过多的部件,安装维护也很方便。
3、本发明可在绝大多数工作气压不是非常大的气道场景中工作,并通过减少阀门胶条的磨损来延长阀门使用寿命,大大地减少工厂成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明的整体结构示意图之一;
图2为本发明的整体结构示意图之二;
图3为活动框朝向阀门外壳一侧的结构示意图;
图4为活动框朝向阀门板一侧的结构示意图;
图5为双向导轨的结构示意图。
附图标记:手轮1,丝杆2,支架3,阀门板4,活动框5,阀门外壳6,电磁铁7,复位弹簧8,铁芯9,双向导轨10,密封槽51,凸出部52,凹槽定位孔53,固定座11,横槽轨道101,竖槽轨道102。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明所要解决的技术问题、技术方案及有益效果更加清楚、明白,以下结合附图和实施例,对本发明做进一步详细说明。
如图1~4所示,本发明实施例包括手轮1、丝杆2、支架3、阀门板4、阀门外壳6、活动框5;
阀门外壳6包括前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳,前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳组装形成有气道口,阀门板4位于前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳的中间即气道口中,手轮1通过丝杆2连接阀门板4以开启或关闭气道口;
所述活动框5设有两个,活动框5位于气道口中,阀门板4位于两个活动框5之间,活动框5与阀门板4之间安装有密封胶条,具体地,所述活动框5上朝向阀门板4的一侧开设有密封槽51,所述密封胶条安装于密封槽51内;
所述活动框5设有凹槽定位孔53,所述凹槽定位孔53上加装有铁芯9,铁芯9上套设有复位弹簧8;所述阀门外壳6上对应铁芯9的位置安装有电磁铁7;其中,当阀门密闭时,电磁铁7不工作,复位弹簧8将活动框5紧压在阀门板4上起到密封效果;当开关阀门时,电磁铁7开始工作,通过吸引铁芯9,将活动框5向远离阀门板4的方向移动。
如图1和图5所示,所述气道口的两侧安装有双向导轨10,所述双向导轨10上开设有供阀门板4上下移动的竖槽轨道102、及供活动框5前后移动的横槽轨道101;
具体地,所述双向导轨10上排列设有两列若干行固定座11;
两列固定座11的中间设有第一间隙,第一间隙呈直线式设置以形成所述竖槽轨道102,所述阀门板4的两侧插接在竖槽轨道102内,以沿着竖槽轨道102上下移动;
相邻行的固定座11之间设有第二间隙,第二间隙形成所述横槽轨道101;两个活动框5的两侧均设有插接在横槽轨道101内的凸出部52,以使两个活动框5分别沿着水平的横槽轨道101在阀门板4两侧前后移动,所述凸出部52能保证活动框5沿横槽轨道101稳定移动。
本实施例中,所述铁芯9设有8个,分别安装在两个活动框5的四角处,相应地,所述电磁铁7设有8个,分别安装在前阀门外壳6和后阀门外壳6的四角处。
阀门的材料视气道内压强、温度、粉尘浓度、气体是否具有腐蚀性等条件可选取不同材料,一般选用工程上常用的钢材即可。
本发明的工作原理如下:
1、在阀门密闭时,电磁铁7不工作,复位弹簧8将活动框5紧压在在阀门板4上起到密封效果;应注意此时活动框5与阀门板4之间的密封胶条仍然处于被压的过盈配合状态;
2、在开关阀门时,电磁铁7开始工作,通过吸引铁芯9,将活动框5向远离阀门板4的方向拉离一小段距离,此时活动框5上的密封胶条与阀门板4之间的过盈配合被稍加放松,此时开关阀门,相较于放松前密封胶条的磨损现象必然会得到改善;
3、在实际应用的绝大部分情况下,管道阀门都应保证气道内的气体、粉尘不会外泄,这就要求即使活动框5与阀门板4之间配合稍加放松的情况下,其配合仍是过盈配合。由于在插板阀的设计上,密封和减少磨损是相互矛盾的,故应在这两个功能之间寻求一个平衡点。实际应用时可以根据具体需要,调节电磁铁7吸力大小来达到最经济理想的工作状态。

Claims (5)

1.有效减少磨损的插板阀,包括手轮、丝杆、阀门板和阀门外壳,阀门外壳包括前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳,前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳组装形成有气道口,阀门板位于前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳的中间即气道口中,手轮通过丝杆连接阀门板以开启或关闭气道口;其特征在于:还包括两个活动框,所述活动框位于气道口中,阀门板位于两个活动框之间,活动框与阀门板之间安装有密封胶条;所述活动框设有凹槽定位孔,所述凹槽定位孔上加装有铁芯,铁芯上套设有复位弹簧;所述阀门外壳上对应铁芯的位置安装有电磁铁;其中,当阀门密闭时,电磁铁不工作,复位弹簧将活动框紧压在阀门板上起到密封效果;当开关阀门时,电磁铁开始工作,通过吸引铁芯,将活动框向远离阀门板的方向移动。
2.如权利要求1所述的有效减少磨损的插板阀,其特征在于:所述气道口的两侧安装有双向导轨,所述双向导轨上开设有供阀门板上下移动的竖槽轨道、及供活动框前后移动的横槽轨道;所述阀门板的两侧插接在竖槽轨道内,所述活动框的两侧设有插接在横槽轨道内的凸出部。
3.如权利要求2所述的有效减少磨损的插板阀,其特征在于:所述双向导轨上排列设有两列若干行固定座;两列固定座的中间设有第一间隙,第一间隙呈直线式设置以形成所述竖槽轨道;相邻行的固定座之间设有第二间隙,第二间隙形成所述横槽轨道。
4.如权利要求1所述的有效减少磨损的插板阀,其特征在于:所述铁芯设有8个,分别安装在两个活动框的四角处,相应地,所述电磁铁设有8个,分别安装在前阀门外壳和后阀门外壳的四角处。
5.如权利要求1所述的有效减少磨损的插板阀,其特征在于:所述活动框上朝向阀门板的一侧开设有密封槽,所述密封胶条安装于密封槽内。
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