CN111236949A - Small-angle cross tunnel construction method - Google Patents
Small-angle cross tunnel construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111236949A CN111236949A CN202010057785.1A CN202010057785A CN111236949A CN 111236949 A CN111236949 A CN 111236949A CN 202010057785 A CN202010057785 A CN 202010057785A CN 111236949 A CN111236949 A CN 111236949A
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/003—Linings or provisions thereon, specially adapted for traffic tunnels, e.g. with built-in cleaning devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/14—Layout of tunnels or galleries; Constructional features of tunnels or galleries, not otherwise provided for, e.g. portals, day-light attenuation at tunnel openings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a small-angle cross tunnel construction method, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: excavating the cross section of the upper tunnel after the upper tunnel is constructed to the cross section, and constructing an arch wall primary support of the cross section of the upper tunnel; step two: constructing support piles downwards from the upper tunnel at intervals, wherein the support piles comprise second support piles positioned in the cross section of the lower tunnel and first support piles positioned on two sides of the cross section of the lower tunnel; step three: constructing a secondary lining of the cross section of the tunnel above; step four: after the secondary lining concrete of the cross section of the upper tunnel reaches the design strength, performing advanced support on the cross section of the lower tunnel; step five: and excavating the cross section of the lower tunnel, after the second supporting pile is exposed each time, sequentially cutting pile bodies of the second supporting pile within the range of the lower tunnel, and performing primary support and secondary lining.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, in particular to a small-angle cross tunnel construction method.
Background
The construction of the engineering such as railways, highways and the like usually meets the project of a three-dimensional cross tunnel, and the construction of the engineering generally follows two principles, wherein one principle is to ensure that an upper tunnel and a lower tunnel are vertical or intersected at a large angle as much as possible, so that the length of mutually influenced sections is reduced; and secondly, a lower tunnel is constructed firstly and then an upper tunnel is constructed, so that when the upper tunnel is constructed, the lower tunnel is not greatly influenced, otherwise, if the upper tunnel is constructed firstly and then the lower tunnel is constructed, the upper tunnel which is already constructed can be sunk to generate an adverse effect when the lower tunnel is excavated. However, in the actual engineering, it is often difficult to follow the two principles due to the arrangement of large construction groups, and when the intersection angle of the upper and lower tunnels is small (less than 45 degrees), and the upper tunnel must be constructed first and then the lower tunnel must be constructed, the existing construction method cannot construct a tunnel structure meeting the design requirements and the use requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: aiming at the problems in the prior art, a small-angle cross tunnel construction method is provided.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a small-angle cross tunnel construction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: excavating the cross section of the upper tunnel after the upper tunnel is constructed to the cross section, and constructing an arch wall primary support of the cross section of the upper tunnel;
step two: constructing support piles downwards from the upper tunnel at intervals, wherein the support piles comprise second support piles positioned in the cross section of the lower tunnel and first support piles positioned on two sides of the cross section of the lower tunnel;
step three: constructing a secondary lining of the cross section of the tunnel above;
step four: after the secondary lining concrete of the cross section of the upper tunnel reaches the design strength, performing advanced support on the cross section of the lower tunnel;
step five: and excavating the cross section of the lower tunnel, after the second supporting pile is exposed each time, sequentially cutting pile bodies of the second supporting pile within the range of the lower tunnel, and performing primary support and secondary lining.
According to the invention, the second support piles are arranged in the range of the cross section, so that the upper tunnel can be effectively supported in the excavation process of the lower tunnel, the influence of the excavation process of the lower tunnel on the upper tunnel is reduced, the sinking deformation of the upper tunnel is reduced, and the pile cutting treatment is carried out on the second support piles after the excavation of the lower tunnel is finished, so that the normal construction and operation of the tunnel are not influenced. And the second support pile after pile cutting can still be connected with the primary support of the tunnel below and the tunnel above, and can effectively support the tunnel above and reduce the sinking deformation of the tunnel above. By using the construction method, the tunnel structure meeting the design requirement and the use requirement can be constructed under the condition that the upper tunnel and the lower tunnel are intersected at a small angle, and the upper tunnel is constructed firstly and then the lower tunnel is constructed.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second step, at least two rows of the second support piles are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the lower tunnel, and an interval between two adjacent rows of the second support piles is 2m to 4 m.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, in the fifth step, when the cross section of the tunnel below is excavated, the excavation footage is 2m to 4m each time.
In the fifth step, after excavation and pile cutting are completed each time, primary support section steel is applied, the primary support section steel is fixedly connected with the second support pile, and concrete is sprayed to complete primary support.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, in the fifth step, the constructing the secondary lining comprises sequentially constructing a first layer of reinforced concrete lining every 4m-8m in the excavation process of the cross section, and constructing a second layer of reinforced concrete lining on the cross section of the tunnel below after the excavation of the cross section is completed. And (3) further lifting the second supporting pile by constructing a secondary lining, and applying two layers of reinforced concrete linings to further improve the supporting strength of the tunnel below.
As a preferable embodiment of the present invention, the lower tunnel and the upper tunnel are excavated by an up-down bench method.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the second step, each row of the first support piles and the second support piles is arranged along a mileage direction of the lower tunnel, and covers a mileage of an intersection section of the entire lower tunnel.
In the fourth step, a large pipe shed is adopted to support the cross section of the tunnel below in advance.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, in the fifth step, a controlled blasting method or a non-blasting method is adopted to excavate the cross section of the lower tunnel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first support pile and the second support pile are both fiberglass piles.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the second support piles are arranged in the range of the cross section, so that the upper tunnel can be effectively supported in the excavation process of the lower tunnel, the influence of the excavation process of the lower tunnel on the upper tunnel is reduced, the sinking deformation of the upper tunnel is reduced, and the pile cutting treatment is carried out on the second support piles after the excavation of the lower tunnel is finished, so that the normal construction and operation of the tunnel are not influenced. And the second support pile after pile cutting can still be connected with the primary support of the tunnel below and the tunnel above, and can effectively support the tunnel above and reduce the sinking deformation of the tunnel above. By using the construction method, the tunnel structure meeting the design requirement and the use requirement can be constructed under the condition that the upper tunnel and the lower tunnel are intersected at a small angle, and the upper tunnel is constructed firstly and then the lower tunnel is constructed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a support pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a support pile according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the relationship between the support piles and the tunnel below according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic cut-away view of a support pile according to the present invention.
Icon: 1-lower tunnel, 2-upper tunnel, 3-first supporting pile and 4-second supporting pile.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Example 1
A small-angle cross tunnel construction method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the upper tunnel 2 is constructed to the cross section, excavating the cross section of the upper tunnel 2 by a step method, and immediately constructing an arch wall primary support of the cross section of the upper tunnel 2;
step two: as shown in fig. 1-3, support piles made of glass fiber piles are spaced downward from the upper tunnel 2, and have a depth deeper than that of the lower tunnel 1, and include second support piles 4 located in the crossing section of the lower tunnel 1 and first support piles 3 located at both sides of the crossing section of the lower tunnel 1. During the construction, construct earlier first support pile 3 puts the whole pile foundation of pouring into of steel reinforcement cage to pile tip, and the pile foundation top reserves the owner muscle and connects, is convenient for and plate structure owner muscle overlap joint, then constructs again second support pile 4, and the arrangement of reinforcement adopts the glass fiber muscle. In fig. 1, a is an included angle between the lower tunnel 1 and the upper tunnel 2, and the tunnel is intersected at the small angle, that is, the included angle a is smaller than 45 degrees, and in this embodiment, a is 28 degrees.
Three rows of second supporting piles 4 are arranged along the transverse direction of the lower tunnel 1 at intervals, the interval between two adjacent rows of second supporting piles 4 is 2m-4m, and the distance between each row of first supporting piles 3 and the cross section is 0.8m-1.5 m. Each row of the first support piles 3 and the second support piles 4 is arranged along the mileage direction of the lower tunnel 1 and covers the mileage of the intersection section of the entire lower tunnel 1.
Step three: digging the pit bottom of the upper tunnel 2 to the elevation of the structure bottom, arranging plate structure reinforcing steel bars, integrally pouring a tunnel bottom plate structure, reserving main ribs and stubbled reinforcing steel bar heads at two sides of the plate structure, facilitating the connection with the arch wall lining of the upper tunnel 2, and then constructing a secondary lining of the cross section of the upper tunnel 2;
step four: and after the secondary lining concrete of the cross section of the upper tunnel 2 reaches the designed strength, adopting a large pipe shed to carry out advanced support on the cross section of the lower tunnel 1. The large pipe shed adopts a pipe-following drilling process, the built-in reinforcement cage is firmly welded, and grouting is fully filled. The grouting material adopts cement grout, the water cement ratio is 1: 1, the grouting pressure is 0.6MPa-1MPa, and the reserved deformation of the large pipe shed is 25 cm.
Step five: and excavating the cross section of the lower tunnel 1 by adopting a controlled blasting method or non-blasting method, and cutting off the second support piles 4 within the range of the lower tunnel 1. Excavating according to an up-down step method, strengthening primary support, closing in time to form a ring, and strictly controlling the distance between the tunnel face and the inverted arch. Monitoring and measuring of the cross section of the tunnel must be enhanced in the construction of the up-down step method, measuring work of selected measuring items such as surrounding rock pressure, steel frame internal force, surrounding rock internal displacement and the like is carried out, and measuring data are fed back in time. And the vault settlement is controlled by paying special attention to the section of the second support pile 4, the vibration is strictly controlled, and the stress condition monitoring of the second support pile 4 is enhanced.
Specifically, the cross section of the lower tunnel 1 is excavated by adopting an upper-lower step method, the excavation footage is 2m-4m each time, the second support piles 4 are sequentially exposed along with the excavation footage, pile cutting treatment is carried out on the pile bodies of the second support piles 4 within the range of the lower tunnel 1 (as shown in fig. 4), primary support profile steel is timely applied, the primary support profile steel is fixedly connected with the second support piles 4, and concrete is sprayed to complete primary support. And after two excavation cycles, constructing a first layer of reinforced concrete lining every 5m, and further lifting the pile foundation. And after the whole excavation of the cross section is finished, hanging a waterproof board, and constructing a second layer of reinforced concrete lining on the cross section of the tunnel 1 below.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A small-angle cross tunnel construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the upper tunnel (2) is constructed to the cross section, excavating the cross section of the upper tunnel (2), and constructing an arch wall primary support of the cross section of the upper tunnel (2);
step two: constructing support piles downwards from the upper tunnel (2) at intervals, wherein the support piles comprise second support piles (4) positioned in the cross section of the lower tunnel (1) and first support piles (3) positioned on two sides of the cross section of the lower tunnel (1);
step three: constructing a secondary lining of the cross section of the upper tunnel (2);
step four: after the secondary lining concrete of the cross section of the upper tunnel (2) reaches the design strength, performing advanced support on the cross section of the lower tunnel (1);
step five: and excavating the cross section of the lower tunnel (1), and after exposing the second supporting pile (4) each time, sequentially cutting the pile body of the second supporting pile (4) within the range of the lower tunnel (1) and constructing primary support and secondary lining.
2. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, at least two rows of the second support piles (4) are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the lower tunnel (1), and the interval between two adjacent rows of the second support piles (4) is 2m-4 m.
3. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 2, wherein in the fifth step, when the cross section of the lower tunnel (1) is excavated, the excavation footage is 2m-4m each time.
4. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the fifth step, after each excavation and pile cutting is completed, primary support section steel is applied, the primary support section steel is fixedly connected with the second support piles (4), and concrete is sprayed to complete primary support.
5. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 4, wherein in the fifth step, the step of constructing the secondary lining comprises the steps of constructing a first layer of reinforced concrete lining at intervals of 4m-8m in the process of excavating the cross sections, and constructing a second layer of reinforced concrete lining on the cross sections of the lower tunnel (1) after the whole excavation of the cross sections is completed.
6. A small angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower tunnel (1) and the upper tunnel (2) are excavated by a bench-top method.
7. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the second step, each row of the first supporting piles (3) and the second supporting piles (4) are arranged along the mileage direction of the lower tunnel (1) and cover the mileage of the cross section of the whole lower tunnel (1).
8. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the fourth step, a large pipe shed is adopted to advance support the cross section of the lower tunnel (1).
9. The small-angle cross tunnel construction method according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the cross section of the lower tunnel (1) is excavated by a controlled blasting method or non-blasting method.
10. A small angle cross tunnel construction method according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the first support piles (3) and the second support piles (4) are glass fibre piles.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010057785.1A CN111236949B (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Small-angle cross tunnel construction method |
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| CN202010057785.1A CN111236949B (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2020-01-17 | Small-angle cross tunnel construction method |
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| CN111236949B CN111236949B (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112196544A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁二局第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for crossing existing tunnel on contact discharge flue of high-ground-stress soft rock stratum |
| CN113463646A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-10-01 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Construction method under complex intersection condition of deep and large foundation pit and shallow tunnel |
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| CN106812134A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-09 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Reserved long term line passes through the plain stake reinforcement system and its construction method of existing lines part |
| CN206942763U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of control structure of shield tunnel auger ground plastic deformation |
| CN109505622A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of railway tunnel safeguard structure intersected with water tunnel |
| CN109989767A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-07-09 | 中铁二院贵阳勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | The ruggedized construction and construction method of existing railway are worn under Large span tunnel |
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2020
- 2020-01-17 CN CN202010057785.1A patent/CN111236949B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105350973A (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2016-02-24 | 同济大学 | Construction method for large-span section loess tunnel under-crossing highway |
| CN106812134A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-09 | 中铁第勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Reserved long term line passes through the plain stake reinforcement system and its construction method of existing lines part |
| CN206942763U (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2018-01-30 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | A kind of control structure of shield tunnel auger ground plastic deformation |
| CN109505622A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of railway tunnel safeguard structure intersected with water tunnel |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112196544A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-08 | 中铁二局第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for crossing existing tunnel on contact discharge flue of high-ground-stress soft rock stratum |
| CN112196544B (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2022-10-18 | 中铁二局第二工程有限公司 | Construction method for crossing existing tunnel on contact discharge flue of high-ground-stress soft rock stratum |
| CN113463646A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-10-01 | 中铁隧道集团一处有限公司 | Construction method under complex intersection condition of deep and large foundation pit and shallow tunnel |
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| CN111236949B (en) | 2021-08-06 |
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