CN111234200A - 一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111234200A
CN111234200A CN202010207044.7A CN202010207044A CN111234200A CN 111234200 A CN111234200 A CN 111234200A CN 202010207044 A CN202010207044 A CN 202010207044A CN 111234200 A CN111234200 A CN 111234200A
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魏立新
李哲
宋洋
卢梦媚
刘扬
代轩瑞
叶霖
贾新磊
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Abstract

一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法。包括如下步骤:将定量全氟丁基乙醇和催化剂氢氧化钾投入高压反应釜中,使用氮气吹扫置换出反应釜中空气,用真空泵将反应釜抽至真空,升温至135℃~145℃,向其中通入环氧乙烷发生聚合反应生成聚醚A;将聚醚A投入三分瓶中,加入催化剂氢氧化钾,水浴升温至65℃~85℃后,缓慢滴加环氧氯丙烷对聚醚A改性,滴加完毕后,将水浴箱升温至85℃~90℃,充分反应8~10h后得到改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂。

Description

一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种油田化学品的制备方法,具体的说,涉及一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法。
背景技术:
随着常规油气资源深度开采,常规油气资源储量日益变少,油田向着深海开发、三次采油、稠油开采等技术发展。我国的稠油资源相当丰富,随着我国对油气资源的需求,油田产量必须向高产、稳产发展,因此对于稠油的开采已势在必行。稠油不同于常规原油,密度大,粘度高,胶质和沥青质等天然乳化剂含量高,稠油破乳相比于常规原油更加困难,这也成为限制稠油加工的难题。
本文所述的改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂属含氟破乳剂,即表面活性剂中疏水端部分或全部被C-F键代替,而C-F键相较于普通C-H键,键能更大,因此含氟破乳剂的表面活性、热稳定性、化学稳定性都会比普通破乳剂更好。相比于传统破乳剂,用量小,破乳速度快,破乳作用强,这也使得含氟破乳剂有更高的研究价值。面对油田稠油难以破乳、三次采油聚合物驱中化学试剂的使用使得油水乳状液越来越稳定等问题,含氟聚合物将会发挥越来越重要的作用。
发明内容:
为了解决背景技术中所提到的技术问题,本发明提供一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法,该改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂具有良好的水溶性,成本低廉,破乳速度快、效果好、效率高。
本发明的技术方案是:该种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法,所述破乳剂结构通式如下:
Figure BDA0002421476300000021
其中:
Figure BDA0002421476300000022
所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
第一步,将定量的全氟丁基乙醇和催化剂氢氧化钾投入高压反应釜中密封,氢氧化钾用量为全氟丁基乙醇质量的1.2%~1.8%,利用氮气吹扫的方式置换釜内空气,用真空泵抽真空至表压-0.09MPa,对所述高压反应釜加热升温至135 ℃~145℃,打开进料阀,缓慢加入环氧乙烷,通入环氧乙烷与全氟丁基乙醇的质量比范围在0.7:1~2.7:1之间,控制反应釜压力在0.19MPa~0.21MPa之间,待环氧乙烷投加完毕,关闭进料阀;待反应物充分反应完毕,反应釜中压力回落后,釜内继续反应40min,直至反应釜内压力降至表压-0.09MPa,反应结束,得到聚醚A;
第二步,从经由第一步获得的聚醚A中取定量M加入到三分瓶中,持续搅拌并使用水浴升温至55℃~65℃,向所述三分瓶中加入氢氧化钾作为催化剂,催化剂氢氧化钾用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的1.2%~1.5%,使用搅拌器搅拌,水浴升温至65℃~85℃,保持恒温下使用恒压滴液漏斗向所述三分瓶中缓慢滴加环氧氯丙烷作为改剂,环氧氯丙烷用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的0.15:1~0.2: 1之间,滴加完毕后,水浴升温至85℃~90℃,充分反应8~10h,当瓶内温度降至室温后,继续反应0.5~1.5h,制得改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
利用本发明所述制备方法制备成的改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂与传统破乳剂相比,由于疏水端部分被C-F键代替,相比于普通C-H键,键能更大,拥有更强的表面活性,能够使界面张力还有界面膜强度下降,从而具有更好的破乳能力,破乳效果好,破乳速度快,破乳效率高,可以有效改善石油品质,提高油品质量,而且制备简单,因为是水溶性破乳剂,故而成本更低廉。
附图说明:
图1为本发明样品1-3对某油田稠油破乳1h时的破乳效果图。
图2为本发明样品1-3对某油田稠油破乳2h时的破乳效果图。
图3为本发明样品1-3对某油田稠油破乳4h时的破乳效果图。
图4为本发明样品1-3对某油田稠油破乳6h时的破乳效果图。
图5为本发明样品1-3对某油田稠油破乳10h时的破乳效果图。
图6为市售传统破乳剂对某油田稠油破乳10h时破乳效果图。
具体实施方式:
本发明涉及一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法,所述破乳剂结构通式如下:
Figure BDA0002421476300000031
其中:
Figure BDA0002421476300000032
所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
第一步,将定量的全氟丁基乙醇和催化剂氢氧化钾投入高压反应釜中密封,氢氧化钾用量为全氟丁基乙醇质量的1.2%~1.8%,利用氮气吹扫的方式置换釜内空气,用真空泵抽真空至表压-0.09MPa,对所述高压反应釜加热升温至135 ℃~145℃,打开进料阀,缓慢加入环氧乙烷,通入环氧乙烷与全氟丁基乙醇的质量比范围在0.7:1~2.7:1之间,控制反应釜压力在0.19MPa~0.21MPa之间,待环氧乙烷投加完毕,关闭进料阀;待反应物充分反应完毕,反应釜中压力回落后,釜内继续反应40min,直至反应釜内压力降至表压-0.09MPa,反应结束,得到聚醚A;
第二步,从经由第一步获得的聚醚A中取定量M加入到三分瓶中,持续搅拌并使用水浴升温至55℃~65℃,向所述三分瓶中加入氢氧化钾作为催化剂,催化剂氢氧化钾用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的1.2%~1.5%,使用搅拌器搅拌,水浴升温至65℃~85℃,保持恒温下使用恒压滴液漏斗向所述三分瓶中缓慢滴加环氧氯丙烷作为改剂,环氧氯丙烷用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的0.15:1~0.2: 1之间,滴加完毕后,水浴升温至85℃~90℃,充分反应8~10h,当瓶内温度降至室温后,继续反应0.5~1.5h,制得改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂。
以上为本发明所述制备方法的基础步骤。下面为本发明的优选实施方案:
第一步中,所述反应的催化剂为氢氧化钾,氢氧化钾用量为全氟丁基乙醇质量的1.5%;
第一步中,所述全氟丁基乙醇和环氧乙烷的质量比具体为1:0.7、1:1.3 或1:2.7;
第一步中,所述高压反应釜内的反应温度为140℃,反应时反应釜压力表读数在0.2±0.01Mpa之间;
第二步中,所述反应第一次水浴加热至55℃~65℃,加入氢氧化钾后搅拌时间为20~30min;第二次水浴加热至65℃~85℃,开始滴加改性剂环氧氯丙烷;第三次水浴加热至85℃~90℃,保温时间为9h,最后当温度恢复室温后,反应时间为1h;
第二步中,所述反应的催化剂为氢氧化钾,氢氧化钾用量为定量M的聚醚A 质量的1.3%;
第二步中,所述反应的改性剂为环氧氯丙烷,环氧氯丙烷用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的0.2:1,环氧氯丙烷滴加时间为3h~5h。
本制备方法涉及的化学反应方程式如下:
Figure BDA0002421476300000051
其中:
Figure BDA0002421476300000052
下面结合附图,给出具体实施例,本发明的使用范围不受实施例的影响,具体的实施方式可根据本发明的技术方案和使用具体情况而定。
实施例1
第一步,将20g全氟丁基乙醇和0.3g氢氧化钾投入高压反应釜中密封,利用氮气吹扫的方式置换釜内空气,用真空泵对所述高压反应釜抽真空至表压 -0.09MPa,对所述高压反应釜加热升温至140℃,打开进料阀,缓慢加入14g环氧乙烷,控制反应釜压力在0.19MPa~0.21MPa之间,待环氧乙烷投加完毕,关闭进料阀;待反应物充分反应完毕,反应釜中压力回落后,釜内继续反应40min,直至反应釜内降至表压-0.09MPa,反应结束,得到聚醚A;
第二步,取20g经由第一步获得的聚醚A加入到三分瓶中,持续搅拌并使用水浴升温至60℃,向所述三分瓶中加入0.26g氢氧化钾,使用搅拌器搅拌 30min后,将水浴箱升温至75℃,保持恒温下使用恒压滴液漏斗向所述三分瓶中缓慢滴加4g环氧氯丙烷,滴加时间为5h,滴加完毕后,将水浴箱升温至90 ℃,充分反应9h,当瓶内温度降至室温后,继续反应1h,制得改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂实验样1。
按所述实施例1的相同步骤重复进行,通过改变全氟丁基乙醇与通入环氧乙烷质量比为1:1.3和1:2.7可得到不同的全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂实验样2、实验样3。
实施例2全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的脱水效果评价
对某油田稠油采出液加药进行破乳脱水效果评价。其中,本发明中全氟丁基乙醇与环氧乙烷的质量比为1:0.7、1:1.3、1:2.7,分别对应实验样1、实验样2、实验样3。加药浓度为50ppm,实验温度55℃,实验时分别记录1h、 2h、4h、6h、10h的脱水量,以及破乳后的实验样挂壁等情况,最后计算脱水率。
实验结果见下表:
Figure BDA0002421476300000061
从表中可以看出,全氟丁基乙醇与环氧乙烷的质量比为1:1.3的实验样2 破乳速度快,破乳效果最好。

Claims (2)

1.一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法,所述改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂结构通式如下:
Figure FDA0002421476290000011
其中:
Figure FDA0002421476290000012
所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
第一步,将定量的全氟丁基乙醇和催化剂氢氧化钾投入高压反应釜中密封,氢氧化钾用量为全氟丁基乙醇质量的1.2%~1.8%,利用氮气吹扫的方式置换釜内空气,用真空泵抽真空至表压-0.09MPa,对所述高压反应釜加热升温至135℃~145℃,打开进料阀,缓慢加入环氧乙烷,通入环氧乙烷与全氟丁基乙醇的质量比范围在0.7:1~2.7:1之间,控制反应釜压力在0.19MPa~0.21MPa之间,待环氧乙烷投加完毕,关闭进料阀;待反应物充分反应完毕,反应釜中压力回落后,釜内继续反应40min,直至反应釜内压力降至表压-0.09MPa,反应结束,得到聚醚A;
第二步,从经由第一步获得的聚醚A中取定量M加入到三分瓶中,持续搅拌并使用水浴升温至55℃~65℃,向所述三分瓶中加入氢氧化钾作为催化剂,催化剂氢氧化钾用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的1.2%~1.5%,使用搅拌器搅拌,水浴升温至65℃~85℃,保持恒温下使用恒压滴液漏斗向所述三分瓶中缓慢滴加环氧氯丙烷作为改性剂,环氧氯丙烷用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的0.15:1~0.2:1之间,滴加完毕后,水浴升温至85℃~90℃,充分反应8~10h,当瓶内温度降至室温后,继续反应0.5~1.5h,制得改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种改性全氟醇聚氧乙烯醚稠油破乳剂的制备方法,其特征在于:
第一步中,所述反应的催化剂为氢氧化钾,氢氧化钾用量为全氟丁基乙醇质量的1.5%;
第一步中,所述全氟丁基乙醇和环氧乙烷的质量比具体为1:1.3;
第一步中,所述高压反应釜内的反应温度为140℃,反应时反应釜压力表读数在0.2±0.01Mpa之间;
第二步中,所述反应第一次水浴加热至55℃~65℃,加入氢氧化钾后搅拌时间为20~30min;第二次水浴加热至65℃~85℃,开始滴加改性剂环氧氯丙烷;第三次水浴加热至85℃~90℃,保温时间为9h,当温度恢复室温后,反应时间为1h;
第二步中,所述催化剂氢氧化钾用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的1.3%;
第二步中,所述改性剂环氧氯丙烷用量为定量M的聚醚A质量的0.2:1,环氧氯丙烷滴加时间为3h~5h。
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