CN111206442B - 一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111206442B
CN111206442B CN202010130297.9A CN202010130297A CN111206442B CN 111206442 B CN111206442 B CN 111206442B CN 202010130297 A CN202010130297 A CN 202010130297A CN 111206442 B CN111206442 B CN 111206442B
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张绍涛
相东旭
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Napai Chemical Shanghai Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及纺织印染助剂领域,具体是涉及一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂及其制备方法。该制备方法包括:通过醚化反应或磺酸化反应对十八胺聚氧乙烯醚进行改性得到改性产物,再将改性产物与阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀,即得到锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。使用本发明中的锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂可以将去油染色一浴进行,节省一道去油工艺,省时节水,符合目前行业的对环保和省时的要求。

Description

一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染助剂领域,具体是涉及一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
锦纶又叫聚酰胺纤维或尼龙,分子结构中有很多酰胺基团。氨纶又叫聚氨酯纤维,分子结构中有很多氨基甲酸酯基团。锦纶/氨纶混纺具有许多优良的物理机械性能,在纺织领域应用广泛,常用于运动服、职业服等。
锦氨混纺织物一般采用酸性染料染色,在染色之前都要高温去油,如果油污去除不干净,容易造成质量问题,有些甚至无法修复,给染厂造成损失。去油剂一般要考虑乳化、渗透、分散、润湿等功效。聚氨酯是有一种弹性纤维,容易吸附油污,在氨纶化纤油剂中,一般有二甲基硅油,最终会附着在氨纶纤维上很难去除,即使去除后很容易反沾,所以锦氨混纺织物对去油剂的要求很高。如果去油染色同浴,对去油和匀染剂的要求更高,要求原料既有去油又有匀染效果,或者有很强的分散效果,将油污和染料分散,减少团聚。
专利CN106978727A使用AEO-7、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚(1307)、甲醇复配制备氨纶精炼去油剂,没有使用高分子分散剂,油污容易反沾,同时这两只原料匀染效果相对较差,不适合去油匀染同浴。
专利CN103243582A选用聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP-30)、十二烷基甜菜碱(BS-12)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(平平加O-20)、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠(AES)作为锦纶的酸性匀染剂,由于体系中没有选用异构醇聚氧乙烯醚和溶剂,去油效果一般,如果在去油匀染一浴,很可能因为去油不理想造成染色不匀。
有鉴于此,现提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂,使得去油匀染同浴,解决现有技术中去油和染色不能一浴同时进行的问题。
具体的,本发明的技术方案如下:
本发明第一个方面公开了一种制备锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂的方法,包括:通过醚化反应或磺酸化反应对十八胺聚氧乙烯醚进行改性得到改性产物,再将改性产物与阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀,即得到锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
应当理解,本发明并不限于上述步骤,还可以包含其他额外的步骤,而不超出本发明的保护范围。
优选的,所述醚化反应包括:
1,4-丁二醇先与异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚或异构十醇聚乙烯醚在浓硫酸催化下进行反应,再在浓硫酸存在下与十八胺聚氧乙烯醚进行醚化反应,得到改性产物。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,将1,4-丁二醇与异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚或异构十醇聚乙烯醚加入反应容器后,加入浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90-100℃后,保温反应4-5小时;然后加入十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815),在100-110℃下保温反应4-5小时,得到改性产物。
优选的,改性产物在40-45℃的条件下与阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,改性产物中不分先后顺序加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠、咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、聚丙烯酸钠和甲醇,搅拌混合均匀制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,改性产物中不分先后顺序加入脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、马丙共聚物和乙醇,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,改性产物中不分先后顺序加入三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚乙烯吡啶和乙二醇苯醚,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
优选的,所述磺酸化反应包括:
1,4-丁二醇先与十八胺聚氧乙烯醚反应后,再与氨基磺酸反应,得到改性产物。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,将1,4-丁二醇与十八胺聚氧乙烯醚加入反应容器后,加入浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90-100℃后,保温反应4-5小时;然后加入氨基磺酸,在80-90℃下保温反应5-6小时,得到改性产物。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,改性产物不分先后顺序加入ɑ-烯烃磺酸盐、十八醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和异丙醇,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
在本发明的一些具体实施例中,改性产物不分先后顺序加入十二烷基硫酸钠、脂肪酰胺聚氧乙烯醚、乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑共聚物和乙二醇丁醚,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
优选的,所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、α-烯烃磺酸盐和三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐中一种或几种。
优选的,所述非离子表面活性剂选自咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酰胺聚氧乙烯醚、十八醇聚氧乙烯醚和异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸盐,马丙共聚物,聚乙烯吡啶,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑共聚物中的一种或几种。
优选的,所述溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、乙二醇、甘油和乙二醇苯醚中的一种或几种。
优选的,加入重量比为(50-60):(10-15):(10-15):(3-6):(5-10)的改性产物、阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂进行混合,混合均匀后即得到锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
本发明第二个方面公开了上述方法制备得到的锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
本发明第三个方面公开了一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染方法,所述方法中使用上述的锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。该方法可以实现去油和匀染一浴进行。
在符合本领域常识的基础上,上述各优选条件,可任意组合,而不超出本发明的构思与保护范围。
本发明的设计思路如下:
发明中十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815)改性产物是既有匀染又有去油效果的新合成化合物。由于在酸性条件下染色,锦纶和氨纶呈一定弱阳性,这样使用的阴离子表面活性剂可以优先抢占染座,选用的阴离子磺酸盐或硫酸盐类型的表面活性剂具有去油、匀染效果。非离子表面活性剂聚醚链段含有的乙氧基结构和染料结构中的氨基形成氢键,属于亲染料的匀染剂。丙烯酸、乙烯吡咯烷酮类等聚合物有很强的分散性能,同时也有氢键作用力和染料结合,具有去污和匀染效果,聚合物类分散剂还可以吸附油污,防止油污防沾。加入溶剂是为了更好的溶解分散油污,同时保证成品外观稳定。
本发明相对于现有技术具有如下的显著优点及效果:
本发明中使用的原料都充分考虑匀染和去油效果,尤其是1815的改性产物,充分考虑匀染、渗透、去油效果,其它的阴离子、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂也具有匀染、去油、防反沾等效果,溶剂本身也有很好的去油效果,溶剂也可以防止染料团聚,具有很好的分散和去油效果。使用本发明中的锦氨织物去油匀染剂可以将去油染色一浴进行,节省一道去油工艺,省时节水,符合目前行业的对环保和省时的要求。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细描述,但并不因此将本发明限制在所述的实施例范围之中。
下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,按照常规方法和条件,或按照商品说明书选择。本发明所用试剂和原料均市售可得。
实施例1
20克1,4-丁二醇、61克异构十醇聚氧乙烯醚(EO=3)加入四口烧瓶中,加入0.8克浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90℃,在90-100℃之间保温反应4-5小时,在反应釜中加入十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815)183克,在100-110℃下保温4-5小时,降温至40-50℃之间,然后反应釜中不分先后顺序加入53克十二烷基苯磺酸钠、75克咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、16克聚丙烯酸钠和27克甲醇,搅拌混合均匀制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
实施例2
25克1,4-丁二醇、70克异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚(EO=3)加入四口烧瓶中,加入1.0克浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90℃,在90-100℃之间保温反应4-5小时,在反应釜中加入十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815)183克,在100-110℃下保温4-5小时,降温至40-50℃之间,然后不分先后顺序加入75克脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、83克咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、15克马丙共聚物和15克乙醇,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
实施例3
27克1,4-丁二醇,183克十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815)加入四口烧瓶中,加入1.0克浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90℃,在90-100℃之间反应4-5小时,加入30克氨基磺酸,在80-90℃之间继续反应5-6小时,降温至40-50℃之间,加入60克ɑ-烯烃磺酸盐、70克十八醇聚氧乙烯醚、20克聚乙烯吡咯烷酮和30克异丙醇,搅拌混合均匀制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
实施例4
30克1,4-丁二醇与65克异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚(EO=3)加入四口烧瓶中,加入0.9克浓硫酸,通氮气,加热升温至90℃,在90-100℃之间保温反应4-5小时,在反应釜中加入十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815)183克,在100-110℃下保温4-5小时,降温至40-50℃之间,然后反应釜中不分先后顺序加入69克三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐、68克异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚、27克聚乙烯吡啶和46克乙二醇苯醚,搅拌混合均匀后制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
实施例5
32克1,4-丁二醇,183克十八胺聚氧乙烯醚(1815))加入四口瓶中,加入1.0克浓硫酸,通氮气,升温至90℃,在90-100℃下保温4-5小时,加入37克氨基磺酸,在80-90℃之间继续反应5-6小时,降温至40-50℃之间,加入57克十二烷基硫酸钠、56克脂肪酰胺聚氧乙烯醚、21克乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑共聚物和35克乙二醇丁醚,搅拌混合均匀制备出锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
实施例6
去油性评价:预先在白色锦氨混纺织物上滴一滴氨纶油污,24小时自然风干,取布样10g,按照浴比1:20,加入2g/L的去油匀染剂或1815,以2℃/min的升温速率升至98℃,保温60分钟,然后降温到60℃后取出,洗净,烘干待评。目测布面油污去除情况,分为优、良、差三种。
抑染性及匀染性评价:
1:染料:选择Dystar的Telon红A-2R、黄A-2R、蓝A-2R,或性能相当的酸性染料。
2:工艺处方:
弱酸性染料(owf)             1%
去油匀染剂(g/L)             1.098%HAC(ml/L)              0.2
浴比                        1:20
30-40℃入染,以1.5℃/min的速率升温至98℃,保温30min,降温至60℃取出,洗净,烘干待评。
3:抑染性:参照空白样,对比染色样的得色深浅,如染色样得色浅于空白样,表明该只匀染剂有抑染作用,且得色越浅,表明抑染性越强,目测分为优、良、差三种。
4:匀染性:参照空白样,对比染色样有无色花和色渍(色斑),如无上述现象,表明该只匀染剂的匀染性能好。目测分为优、良、差三种。
去油效果的好坏直接关系染色成败,去油效果不好在染色时容易出现染疵。市场上经常单独使用1815作为锦氨混纺织物的匀染剂,1815匀染效果好,但去油效果差,同含量对比1815与实施例中样品的去油性、匀染性和抑染性结果,见表1:
表1实施例与1815同含量对比应用效果
Figure BDA0002395605090000051
由表1可知,虽然1815的抑染效果很好,但由于去油效果差,布面油污去除不干净,最终造成染色不均匀,布面有色斑产生,匀染效果差,而实施例中的去油匀染剂兼具匀染和去油作用,匀染性能很好。
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式并不受上述实施例的限制,其他的任何未背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化,均应为等效的置换方式,都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种制备锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂的方法,其特征在于,包括:通过醚化反应或磺酸化反应对十八胺聚氧乙烯醚进行改性得到改性产物,再将改性产物与阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂混合均匀,即得到锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂;
所述醚化反应包括:
1,4-丁二醇先与异辛醇聚氧乙烯醚或异构十醇聚乙烯醚在浓硫酸催化下进行反应,再在浓硫酸存在下与十八胺聚氧乙烯醚进行醚化反应,得到改性产物;
所述磺酸化反应包括:
1,4-丁二醇先与十八胺聚氧乙烯醚反应后,再与氨基磺酸反应,得到改性产物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述阴离子表面活性剂选自十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基硫酸钠、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、α-烯烃磺酸盐和三苯乙烯基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚磺酸盐中一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述非离子表面活性剂选自咪唑啉聚氧乙烯醚、脂肪酰胺聚氧乙烯醚、十八醇聚氧乙烯醚和异构十三醇聚氧乙烯醚中的一种或几种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述分散剂选自聚丙烯酸盐,马丙共聚物,聚乙烯吡啶,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、乙烯基吡咯烷酮和乙烯基咪唑共聚物中的一种或几种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述溶剂选自甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、乙二醇单丁醚、乙二醇、甘油和乙二醇苯醚中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,加入重量比为50-60:10-15:10-15:3-6:5-10的改性产物、阴离子表面活性剂、非离子表面活性剂、分散剂和溶剂进行混合,混合均匀后即得到锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述方法制备得到的锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
8.一种锦氨混纺织物去油匀染方法,其特征在于,所述方法中使用权利要求7所述的锦氨混纺织物去油匀染剂。
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