CN111205377A - Method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting cold plasma wall breaking technology - Google Patents
Method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting cold plasma wall breaking technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111205377A CN111205377A CN202010107261.9A CN202010107261A CN111205377A CN 111205377 A CN111205377 A CN 111205377A CN 202010107261 A CN202010107261 A CN 202010107261A CN 111205377 A CN111205377 A CN 111205377A
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0003—General processes for their isolation or fractionation, e.g. purification or extraction from biomass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of extraction of effective components of traditional Chinese medicines, and relates to a method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall-breaking technology. The specific method comprises the following steps: helium (He) is used as a cold plasma gas source, He high-energy plasma and vacuum ultraviolet photons are generated by adjusting the He vacuum degree (50-250Pa) and the discharge power (50-250W), and the surface of the Chinese wolfberry is uniformly bombarded within a short time (5-45s) to modify and etch the Chinese wolfberry, so that the cell wall is finally cracked, and the pretreatment effect is achieved. The invention adopts cold temperature plasma to carry out wall breaking treatment on the medlar to extract medlar polysaccharide, and has the advantages of large primary treatment capacity, short time, low cost, environmental protection, high wall breaking rate, high polysaccharide dissolution rate and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall breaking technology, and belongs to the field of extraction of effective components of traditional Chinese medicines.
Background
Fructus Lycii is small shrub of spiny fallen leaves, belonging to Solanaceae and Lycium. Wherein the fruit quality of Ningxia matrimony vine Lycium barbarum L. Harvesting in summer and autumn when the fruit is orange red, drying until the skin is wrinkled, solarizing until the skin is dry and hard and the pulp is soft, and removing the fruit stalks. The fruit has oval shape, length of 6-18mm and diameter of 6-8 mm. The surface is bright red or dark red, has irregular wrinkles and slight luster, and has flower column marks at the top end and fruit stalk marks at the other end. Soft and moist, thick pulp, sticky, containing 25-50 seeds. The seeds are flat kidney-shaped, 2.5mm long and 2mm wide, and have earthy yellow color. Light smell, sweet taste and slightly sour taste. The main components are as follows: lycium barbarum polysaccharide, betaine, carotenoid and carotenoid, vitamin C, scopolamine and various amino acids.
The lycium barbarum polysaccharide has the effects of nourishing liver and kidney, and replenishing vital essence to improve eyesight. Can be used for treating asthenia, soreness of waist and knees, vertigo, tinnitus, internal heat, diabetes, blood deficiency, sallow complexion, and blurred vision. Has effects in promoting immunity and regulating immunity; can increase testosterone level in blood, and has strengthening effect; promoting hematopoietic function; it also has effects of clearing heat, lowering temperature and lowering blood pressure for normal healthy people, and can be used for treating consumptive disease hectic fever, night sweat, cough, asthma complicated with lung heat, cooling blood, hypertension and ulcer.
Generally, the extraction and preparation process of the medlar extract is an ultrasonic extraction method, a microwave extraction method and the like, but the shearing action of ultrasonic waves is strong, and polysaccharide macromolecules can lose biological activity if the ultrasonic treatment is carried out for too long time. The enzymolysis method has the defects of high cost, low polysaccharide extraction rate, long time consumption, overhigh cost and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention utilizes the vacuum ultraviolet photon effect in the cold plasma to carry out wall breaking treatment on the dry medlar raw material, so that more bioactive components in the medlar are easy to dissolve out and extract. The low-temperature plasma wall breaking is a new application of cold plasma, is a novel physical wall breaking technology, and has incomparable advantages with the traditional wall breaking technology. The cold plasma treatment is to bombard biological cells with high-energy particles such as vacuum ultraviolet photons generated by radio frequency discharge to etch the surfaces of the biological cells, so that cell walls are broken in a short time, and the pretreatment effect is achieved. The method has the advantages of large one-time treatment capacity, short time, low cost, environmental protection, high wall breaking rate and high polysaccharide dissolution rate, thereby having wide application prospect.
The technical scheme of the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
a method for efficiently extracting fructus Lycii polysaccharide by cold plasma wall-breaking technology comprises placing untreated fructus Lycii in cold plasma treatment equipment, and breaking wall of fructus Lycii after bombardment by vacuum ultraviolet photons in cold plasma environment.
Furthermore, the cold plasma processing equipment takes helium as a cold plasma gas source.
Furthermore, helium gas generates helium high-energy plasma and vacuum ultraviolet photons through radio frequency discharge.
Further, the vacuum degree of helium plasma for processing the medlar is 50-250 Pa.
Furthermore, the helium plasma discharge power for processing the medlar is 50-250W.
Further, the plasma discharge time for treating the medlar is 5-45 s.
Furthermore, helium plasma uniformly bombards the surface of the medlar, so that the medlar is modified and etched, and finally, the cell wall of the medlar is broken.
Putting unprocessed Chinese wolfberry into cold plasma processing equipment, using helium (He) as a cold plasma gas source, generating He high-energy plasma and vacuum ultraviolet photons by adjusting the He vacuum degree (50-250Pa) and the discharge power (50-250W), and uniformly bombarding the surface of the Chinese wolfberry within a short time (5-45s) to modify and etch the Chinese wolfberry and finally cause cell wall rupture.
The method for measuring the dissolution rate of the effective components of the medlar comprises the following steps:
1. the method for measuring the total sugar dissolution rate of the medlar comprises the following steps: the hot water extraction conditions are that the ratio of material to liquid is 1:27, the extraction temperature is 94 ℃, the extraction time is 2 hours, the protein is removed by a Sevage method, and the total sugar dissolution rate is measured by a phenol-sulfuric acid method.
2. The method for measuring the dissolution rate of the lycium barbarum polysaccharide comprises the following steps: the medlar raw material is refluxed for 2 hours by 80 percent ethanol to remove monosaccharide, and then degreased by adopting a petroleum ether reflux method. Extracting fructus Lycii polysaccharide from fructus Lycii by hot water extraction method at a material-liquid ratio of 1:27 and a leaching temperature of 94 deg.C for 2 hr, removing protein by Sevage method, and measuring total sugar dissolution rate by phenol-sulfuric acid method.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention adopts the cold plasma wall-breaking extraction method to process the raw materials, does not need to be crushed, is in low-temperature pipeline production due to no heating in the whole production process, has extremely short processing time, does not influence the active molecular structure, only aims at the cell surface, and thus can effectively avoid the damage of the components of the medlar extract.
2. The invention adopts cold temperature plasma to carry out wall breaking treatment on the medlar to extract medlar polysaccharide, and has the advantages of large primary treatment capacity, short time, low cost, environmental protection, high wall breaking rate, high polysaccharide dissolution rate and the like.
Implementation results of the protocol:
the dissolution rate of lycium barbarum polysaccharides from untreated lycium barbarum was only 15.77% (as in example 15); the wolfberry fruit treated by the cold plasma wall breaking technology under the optimal condition has the polysaccharide leaching rate of 23.13% (as in example 16) and is improved by 7.36%.
Simulating the medlar tea soaked in hot water at 80 ℃, wherein after 10min, the total sugar dissolution rate of untreated medlar is about 16.40%; the total sugar dissolution rate of the medlar treated by the cold plasma wall breaking technology under the optimal condition is about 22.85 percent, which is obviously higher than that of the untreated medlar. Therefore, the bioactive components dissolved out of the medlar tea are increased, so that the medlar tea has higher efficacy.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the specific embodiments of table 1, but the scope of the invention as claimed is not limited to the following embodiments.
Table 1 orthogonal experimental design and response values
Example 1:
as shown in table 1 for run nos. 2, 7, 8: directly processing the raw materials by low temperature plasma with He plasma under 160Pa pressure, discharge power of 130W and discharge time of 20s for breaking cell wall, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate reaches the highest value, and the average value is 52.40%.
Example 2:
as shown in table 1 for run number 1: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 170Pa, the discharge power of 140W and the discharge time of 20s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method to obtain the total sugar dissolution rate of 45.35%.
Example 3:
as shown in test No. 3 in table 1: directly subjecting the raw materials to wall breaking treatment by He plasma at low temperature under 160Pa, discharge power of 120W and discharge time of 15s, and measuring the total sugar dissolution rate to 49.09%.
Example 4:
as shown in table 1, run number 4: directly breaking cell wall of the raw materials by low temperature plasma He plasma under 150Pa, discharge power of 130W and discharge time of 15s, treating the treated fructus Lycii by hot water extraction method to obtain total sugar dissolution rate of 48.01%
Example 5:
as shown in table 1, run No. 5: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 160Pa, the discharge power of 140W and the discharge time of 15s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 44.27 percent.
Example 6:
as shown in table 1, run No. 6: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 170Pa, the discharge power of 120W and the discharge time of 20s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 48.83 percent.
Example 7:
as shown in table 1, run number 9: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 170Pa, the discharge power of 130W and the discharge time of 15s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 47.97 percent.
Example 8:
as shown in table 1, run number 10: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 150Pa, the discharge power of 140W and the discharge time of 20s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is measured to be 48.57%.
Example 9:
as shown in table 1, run number 11: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 150Pa, the discharge power of 120W and the discharge time of 20s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 46.91 percent.
Example 10:
as shown in table 1, run No. 12: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 160Pa, the discharge power of 140W and the discharge time of 25s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 49.32 percent.
Example 11:
as shown in table 1, run number 13: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 150Pa, the discharge power of 130W and the discharge time of 25s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is measured to be 50.60%.
Example 12:
as shown in table 1, run number 14: directly performing wall breaking treatment on the raw materials by using low-temperature plasma and He plasma under the pressure of 160Pa, the discharge power of 120W and the discharge time of 25s, and treating the treated medlar by using a hot water extraction method, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate is 49.97 percent.
Example 13:
as shown in table 1, run number 15: directly breaking cell wall of the raw materials by using cold plasma and He plasma under 170Pa pressure, discharge power of 130W and discharge time of 25s, treating the treated fructus Lycii by using hot water extraction method, and determining that the total sugar dissolution rate is 46.30%.
Example 14:
as shown in table 1 for run nos. 2, 7, 8: directly breaking cell wall of the raw material by He plasma under 160Pa, discharge power of 130W and discharge time of 20s, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate reaches the highest value, and the average value is 52.40%.
Example 15:
the medlar which is not processed by breaking the wall through vacuum ultraviolet photons in cold plasma is directly processed by a hot water extraction method, and the dissolution rate of the medlar polysaccharide is only 15.77 percent.
Example 16:
directly passing the raw material through He plasma for low-temperature plasma under the optimal conditions: performing cell wall breaking treatment under pressure of 158Pa, discharge power of 129W and discharge time of 21s, wherein the total sugar dissolution rate reaches a maximum value of 52.11%. At this time, the polysaccharide dissolution rate was 23.13%.
Example 17:
simulating the normal water soaking condition, and under the normal condition of 80 ℃, when the soaking time is 10min, the total sugar dissolution rate of the medlar is about 16.40%.
Example 18:
the raw material is passed through a low-temperature plasma under He plasma under the optimal conditions: performing wall breaking treatment under pressure of 158Pa, discharge power of 129W and discharge time of 21s, simulating normal water soaking condition, and soaking at normal 80 deg.C for 10min to obtain total sugar dissolution rate of fructus Lycii of about 22.85%.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall-breaking technology is characterized in that unprocessed lycium barbarum is placed in cold plasma treatment equipment, so that the lycium barbarum is subjected to vacuum ultraviolet photon bombardment in a cold plasma environment and then is subjected to wall breaking.
2. The method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 1, wherein helium is used as a cold plasma gas source in the cold plasma treatment equipment.
3. The method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by using a cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 2, wherein helium gas is subjected to radio frequency discharge to generate helium high-energy plasma and vacuum ultraviolet photons.
4. The method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by using a cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 2, wherein the vacuum degree of helium plasma for processing lycium barbarum is 50-250 Pa.
5. The method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by using a cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 2, wherein the helium plasma discharge power for processing lycium barbarum is 50-250W.
6. The method for efficiently extracting lycium barbarum polysaccharide by adopting a cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 2, wherein the plasma discharge time for processing lycium barbarum is 5-45 s.
7. The method for efficiently extracting the lycium barbarum polysaccharide by using the cold plasma wall-breaking technology according to claim 3, wherein helium plasma uniformly bombards the surface of the lycium barbarum to modify and etch the lycium barbarum and finally cause the cell wall of the lycium barbarum to be broken.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN111533821A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 四川农业大学 | Low-temperature plasma modified dendrobium nobile polysaccharide, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114344395A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-15 | 潍坊舒美生物科技有限公司 | Red date walnut juice |
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| CN111533821A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 四川农业大学 | Low-temperature plasma modified dendrobium nobile polysaccharide, preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN114344395A (en) * | 2022-01-20 | 2022-04-15 | 潍坊舒美生物科技有限公司 | Red date walnut juice |
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