CN111203642A - Curved surface laser marking machine - Google Patents
Curved surface laser marking machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN111203642A CN111203642A CN201811389811.XA CN201811389811A CN111203642A CN 111203642 A CN111203642 A CN 111203642A CN 201811389811 A CN201811389811 A CN 201811389811A CN 111203642 A CN111203642 A CN 111203642A
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- 238000010330 laser marking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000960 laser cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/362—Laser etching
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/70—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B23K26/702—Auxiliary equipment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a curved surface laser marking machine and a marking method, wherein the curved surface laser marking machine comprises an infrared laser, a laser emitting head, a working platform, a sample moving platform, a control system and a focusing scanning system, wherein the focusing scanning system comprises a bottom mounting plate, a screw rod, a guide rail, a slide block which is arranged on the guide rail and can move up and down, a lifting base which is fixedly connected with the slide block and driven by the screw rod to move up and down, a focusing scanning support arranged on the lifting base and a focusing scanning assembly arranged at the top of the focusing scanning support. The method comprises the following steps: the laser marking machine can perform three-dimensional scanning on the shape through a focusing scanning system, such as a coordinate system established by projecting structured light. And according to the coordinate information, the pattern is printed on the curved surface after the pattern is converted. The invention is applicable to the field of laser marking on curved surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of laser marking, in particular to a curved surface laser marking machine and a marking method.
Background
The laser marking machine is generally used for carving marks such as characters on the surfaces of different materials including metals by irradiating laser beams, and the marking effect is to expose deep-layer materials through the evaporation of surface-layer materials so as to carve exquisite patterns, trademarks and characters. The laser marking technology is widely applied to various industries, and opens up a wide prospect for modern processing production with high quality, high efficiency, no pollution and low cost.
However, the laser marking machine products on the market at present mark on a plane, and are limited by flatness, and no products are marked on a curved surface by laser in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem mainly solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide a curved surface laser marking machine and a marking method, which can mark on a curved surface.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a curved surface laser marking machine comprising: the device comprises an infrared laser, a laser emitting head, a moving platform, a sample stage and a focusing scanning system; the mobile platform is used for moving the relative position of the sample and the laser emission head, and can be used for moving the sample, for example, the sample is inconvenient to move, or the laser emission head can be moved by using the mobile platform (for example, through an energy transmission optical fiber); in the following, we take the example of moving the sample by using a moving platform. The sample table is arranged on the working platform, is used for bearing a workpiece and is movable; the focusing scanning system is arranged on the workbench and used for focusing and marking the workpiece; and the control system is arranged on one side of the workbench and used for controlling each motor.
Wherein,
further, a heat dissipation box is arranged on one side of the working platform, and the heat dissipation box can comprise two opposite laser cooling fins.
Furthermore, the infrared laser is positioned in the heat dissipation box, and preferably has the pulse wavelength of 1064nm and the pulse width of 3-10 ns.
Furthermore, the sample table comprises a driving motor and two guide rails, and the driving motor and the two guide rails are arranged below the sample table and used for driving the sample table to move; and the groove type fixing structure is arranged on the sample table and used for fixing a workpiece.
Furthermore, the focusing scanning system comprises a bottom mounting plate, a screw rod, a guide rail, a sliding block which is arranged on the guide rail and can move up and down, a lifting base which is fixedly connected with the sliding block and driven by the screw rod to move up and down, a focusing scanning support which is arranged on the lifting base, and a focusing scanning assembly which is arranged at the top of the focusing scanning support, wherein the bottom mounting plate is fixed on the workbench, and the focusing scanning assembly is positioned above the workbench.
Furthermore, a screw rod support is fixed on the bottom mounting plate, the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the screw rod support, the number of the guide rails is two, the two guide rails are fixed on the back surface of the screw rod support in parallel, and at least two sliding blocks are respectively arranged on each guide rail.
Furthermore, the motor is fixed on the bottom of the screw rod support in a downward mode according to the output shaft, and the output shaft of the motor and the lower end of the screw rod penetrate through the bottom of the screw rod support.
Furthermore, a screw rod nut connecting seat is sleeved on the screw rod and fixedly connected with the lifting base, a limiting block is arranged on the side control, and limit switches are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw rod support respectively corresponding to the limiting block.
Furthermore, the focusing scanning component comprises a box body, and a projector, a camera and a laser emitting head are transversely arranged in the box body. The rear end of the laser emission head is connected with the infrared laser in the workbench through an optical fiber, the front end of the laser emission head is provided with a scanning galvanometer, and an optical lens group is arranged downwards. The projector can illuminate the whole sample table and is arranged in the middle of the box body.
Further, the camera is fixed by an adjustable clamp.
Furthermore, the laser emitting head is a cylinder, and a support is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner side of the box body. And fixing the laser emitting head by adopting an elastic buckle.
Furthermore, the control system comprises a control computer, and a display, a mouse and a keyboard which are connected with the computer and arranged on one side of the workbench.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the laser marking device has a simple and reasonable design structure, can realize laser marking on a curved surface, widens the application range of laser marking, has stable working performance and high working efficiency, and can be effectively used in enterprise production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a focus scanning system
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a focus scanning assembly
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between camera pixel coordinates and world coordinates
The system comprises a workbench 1, a heat dissipation box 2, a sample moving platform 3, a focusing scanning system 4, a control system 5, an infrared laser 6, a clamp 7, a guide rail 8, a bottom mounting plate 9, a motor 10, a screw rod support 11, a guide rail 12, a sliding block 13, a lifting base 14, a focusing scanning support 15, a scanning component 16, a screw rod support 17, a screw rod nut connecting seat 91, a limiting block 92, limiting switches 93 and 94, a box body 161, a laser emission head 162, a projector 163, a camera 164, a digital camera 18, a measured object 19 and a structured light projector 20.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a focusing scanning system, fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a focusing scanning component, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a relationship between a camera pixel coordinate and a world coordinate.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a curved surface laser marking machine, which comprises a workbench 1, a heat dissipation box 2, a sample moving platform 3, a focusing scanning system 4, a control system 5, an infrared laser 6, a clamp 7 and a guide rail 8. The heat dissipation box 2 is arranged on one side of the workbench 1, and the infrared laser 6 is arranged in the heat dissipation box. The sample table 3 is controlled by a motor and can move on a guide rail 8, and a clamp 7 is further arranged on the sample table and used for fixing a workpiece. The control system 5 is electrically connected with the focusing scanning system 4 and the infrared laser 6.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a focusing scanning system, as shown in the figure, the focusing scanning system is composed of a bottom mounting plate 9, a screw rod support 11 driven by a motor 10 to rotate, a guide rail 12 arranged in parallel with the screw rod 11, a slide block 13 arranged on the guide rail 12 and capable of moving up and down, a lifting base 14 fixedly connected with the slide block 13 and driven by the screw rod support 11 to move up and down, a focusing scanning support 15 arranged on the lifting base 14, and a focusing scanning component 16 disposed at the top of the focusing scanning support 15, wherein the focusing scanning component 16 is located above the sample stage 3. The lifting base is driven to move up and down through the screw rod 11, so that the horizontal height of the focusing scanning component 16 can be adjusted, the focal length of the optical lens group is adjusted, and required laser is obtained.
The bottom mounting plate 9 is fixed with a screw rod support 17, a screw rod 11 is rotatably arranged on the screw rod support 17, the number of the guide rails 12 is two, the two guide rails are fixed on the back of the screw rod support 17 in parallel, and at least two sliding blocks 13 are respectively arranged on each guide rail.
The motor 12 is fixed to the bottom of the screw rod bracket in a downward direction according to the output shaft, and the output shaft of the motor and the lower end of the screw rod penetrate through the bottom of the screw rod bracket 17.
The lead screw 11 is sleeved with a lead screw nut connecting seat 91, the lead screw nut connecting seat 91 is fixedly connected with the lifting base 14, a limiting block 92 is arranged on the side control of the lead screw nut connecting seat, and limiting switches 93 and 94 are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the lead screw support corresponding to the limiting block.
The focusing and scanning unit 16 includes a box 161, and a laser emitting head 162, a projector 163, and a camera 164 are transversely disposed in the box 161. The rear end of the laser emitting head 162 is connected with the infrared laser 6 in the workbench through an optical fiber, the front end of the laser emitting head is provided with a scanning galvanometer, and an optical lens group is arranged downwards. The projector 163 can illuminate the entire sample stage, being disposed in the middle of the cassette.
The laser emitting head 162 is a cylinder, and a support is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner side of the box body. And fixing the laser emitting head by adopting an elastic buckle.
The camera 164 is secured by an adjustable clamp.
The control system comprises a control computer, a display, a mouse and a keyboard which are connected with the computer, and the control system is arranged on one side of the workbench.
As shown in FIG. 4, we have established the camera imaging plane coordinate system (x)c,yc,zc) And world coordinate system (x)w,yw,zw) An image coordinate system (u, v) with the upper left of the image as the origin (the coordinates are in pixels), and an image physical coordinate system (x, y) as the xoy coordinate system (the coordinates are in pixels)Coordinate system in millimeters). According to the camera calibration principle, a rigid body transformation is firstly carried out, the process from one point in the world coordinate system to a point in the camera coordinate system can be described by a rotation matrix R and a translation vector T, and then the following rigid body transformation formula exists:
wherein, R is a rotation matrix (orthogonal rotation matrix) of 3x3, T is a translation vector of 3x1, and the relationship indicates that the point M in the world coordinate system is rotated first and then translated and transformed to the camera coordinate system. (1.1) the homogeneous coordinate form has:
wherein 0 ═ 000]T。
From the camera coordinate system to the image physical coordinate system (x, y), a perspective projection is passed, assuming any point M (x) in spacew，yw，zw) Corresponding to M (x) in the camera imaging coordinate systemc，yc，zc). According to the triangular proportional relation among the camera aperture imaging model lens imaging focal length f, the object distance u and the camera focal length v, the following can be obtained:
the above relation is converted into a homogeneous coordinate system
And the pixel coordinates have a relationship with the image plane coordinate system:
dx, dy denotes the length and width of each pixel, u0And v0Showing the intersection of the optical axis and the image plane.
Therefore, the transformation relation between the pixel coordinates of the M and the image point M under the camera imaging coordinate system can be obtained:
according to the above formula, the corresponding relationship between several coordinate systems can be obtained for finding the correct coordinate information.
When in use, the marking method comprises the following steps: a workpiece needing laser marking is placed on a sample table to be fixed, a focusing scanning system is used for carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the appearance according to the marking requirement, and a coordinate system is established by projection structured light. And focusing the laser to the required position according to the coordinate information to print a pattern. In order to print the correct pattern on the curved surface, pattern conversion is required, and there are two ways to implement this: (1) converting the curved surface pattern into plane information, marking in the xy direction, and focusing in the z direction according to the original information; (2) directly placing the patterns on the curved surface, and respectively solving xyz information. And then, scanning point by point to realize the marking of the curved surface.
The invention has the following advantages:
the laser marking on the curved surface is realized. The whole system obtains the shape coordinate information by using the 3D reconstruction based on the structured light, and performs pattern conversion by using two implementation modes, so as to realize marking on the curved surface, and the system can be programmed as required, thereby expanding the application range of the laser marking.
The laser wavelength used by the system can be about 1064nm, so that the system does not cause damage to a human body under short-time irradiation and has better safety.
The quality of the produced product is high, the computer control is adopted, the automatic focusing can be carried out, the quality of the processed product is high, and the production can be quickly carried out.
The laser marking device has a simple and reasonable design structure, can realize laser marking on a curved surface, widens the application range of laser marking, has stable working performance and high working efficiency, and can be effectively used in enterprise production.
The embodiments described above can be further combined or replaced, and the embodiments are only described as preferred examples of the patent of the present invention, and do not limit the concept and scope of the patent of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the technical solution of the patent of the present invention without departing from the design concept of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A curved surface laser marking machine is characterized by comprising an infrared laser, a laser emitting head, a working platform, a sample moving platform, a focusing scanning system and a control system. The sample moving platform is used for bearing a workpiece sample and is movable and arranged on the working platform; the focusing scanning system is arranged on the workbench and used for focusing and marking the workpiece sample. The focusing scanning system carries out three-dimensional scanning on the appearance of the workpiece, focuses laser on the position of the workpiece to be marked to mark a pattern, and realizes the laser marking of the curved surface.
2. The curved surface laser marking machine of claim 1, wherein a heat dissipation box is arranged on one side of the working platform, the heat dissipation box comprises two opposite laser cooling fins, and the infrared laser is positioned in the heat dissipation box.
3. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 1, wherein the sample stage comprises a driving motor and two guide rails, the driving motor and the two guide rails are arranged below the sample stage and used for driving the sample stage to move, and the groove type fixing structure is arranged on the sample stage and used for fixing a workpiece.
4. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 1, wherein the focusing scanning system comprises a bottom mounting plate, a screw rod, a guide rail, a slide block which is arranged on the guide rail and can move up and down, a lifting base which is fixedly connected with the slide block and driven by the screw rod to move up and down, a focusing scanning support arranged on the lifting base, and a focusing scanning assembly arranged at the top of the focusing scanning support, wherein the bottom mounting plate is fixed on the workbench, and the focusing scanning assembly is positioned above the machine platform.
5. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 4, wherein a screw rod support is fixed on the bottom mounting plate, the screw rod is rotatably arranged on the screw rod support, the number of the guide rails is two, the guide rails are fixed on the back surface of the screw rod support in parallel, and at least two slide blocks are respectively arranged on each guide rail.
6. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 5, wherein the motor is fixed to the bottom of the screw rod support in a downward direction according to the output shaft, and the output shaft of the motor and the lower end of the screw rod penetrate through the bottom of the screw rod support.
7. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 6, characterized in that a screw nut connecting seat is sleeved on the screw, the screw nut connecting seat is fixedly connected with the lifting base, a limiting block is arranged on the side control, and limit switches are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the screw support corresponding to the limiting block.
8. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 4, wherein the focusing scanning component comprises a box body, a projector, a camera and a laser emitting head are transversely arranged in the box body, and the projector is preferably arranged at the middle position of the box body; the rear end of the laser emission head is connected with the infrared laser in the workbench through optical fibers, the front end of the laser emission head is provided with a scanning galvanometer, and an optical lens group is arranged downwards. The laser emitting head is a cylinder, the inner side of the box body is provided with a ground, and the laser emitting head is fixed by an elastic buckle.
9. The curved surface laser marking machine according to claim 1, wherein the control system comprises a control computer, and a display, a mouse and a keyboard connected with the computer, which are arranged on one side of the workbench.
10. The marking method based on the curved surface laser marking machine is characterized by comprising the following steps of: when the laser marking device is used, a workpiece needing laser marking is placed on the sample table and fixed, the focusing scanning system is used for carrying out three-dimensional scanning on the appearance through the control system according to the marking requirement, and the projection structured light establishes a coordinate system. And focusing the laser to the required position according to the coordinate information to print a pattern.
11. Curved surface laser marking method according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: in order to print the correct pattern on the curved surface, pattern conversion is required, and there are two ways to implement this: 1, converting the curved surface pattern into plane information, marking in the xy direction, focusing in the z direction according to the original information 2, directly placing the pattern on the curved surface, and respectively solving the xyz information. And then, scanning point by point to realize the marking of the curved surface.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811389811.XA CN111203642A (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Curved surface laser marking machine |
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| CN201811389811.XA CN111203642A (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2018-11-21 | Curved surface laser marking machine |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523609A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-22 | 彭晓静 | Voice intelligent robot for 3D modeling laser cutting |
| CN114192973A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-18 | 上海筑邦测控科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing semi-circular liquid level indicator cambered surface liquid level scale |
| CN117516485A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 东北大学 | Pose vision measurement method for automatic guiding and mounting of aircraft engine |
-
2018
- 2018-11-21 CN CN201811389811.XA patent/CN111203642A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113523609A (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2021-10-22 | 彭晓静 | Voice intelligent robot for 3D modeling laser cutting |
| CN114192973A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-03-18 | 上海筑邦测控科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing semi-circular liquid level indicator cambered surface liquid level scale |
| CN114192973B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-06-04 | 上海筑邦测控科技有限公司 | Manufacturing method of cambered surface liquid level scale marks of semicircular liquid level indicator |
| CN117516485A (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-02-06 | 东北大学 | Pose vision measurement method for automatic guiding and mounting of aircraft engine |
| CN117516485B (en) * | 2024-01-04 | 2024-03-22 | 东北大学 | Pose vision measurement method for automatic guiding and mounting of aircraft engine |
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Application publication date: 20200529 |