CN111203315A

CN111203315A - Engineering dregs, soil, sand and stone separation system

Info

Publication number: CN111203315A
Application number: CN202010143326.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程泉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-12-27
Filing date: 2020-03-04
Publication date: 2020-05-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-04
Also published as: CN111203315B

Abstract

The invention discloses an engineering muck sand-stone separation system which can recycle sand-stone, fine powder and other substances obtained after sand-containing muck generated in tunnel shield and river dredging engineering is subjected to sand-stone separation, wherein the utilization rate of the system reaches or exceeds 98 percent, and the problem that the existing shield muck is largely abandoned due to high recycling difficulty or low recycling rate is solved. The separated sand and stone can be fully utilized as building materials; the separated fine powder can be used as raw materials of enterprises needing fine powder, such as paint and the like; finally, the ultrafine powder obtained by sludge dehydration can be used in the fields of building backfill and the like, and water can be recycled to a system.

Description

Engineering dregs, soil, sand and stone separation system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the fields of tunnel engineering, river channel dredging engineering and the like, in particular to a sludge-sand separation recycling treatment for shield muck, river bottom sludge and the like by an engineering muck-sand separation system.

Background

In tunnel engineering, the construction is mostly carried out by a shield method at present, and a large amount of shield muck is generated in the construction process. Due to the fact that additives such as bentonite and foam need to be added in the shield construction process, resource recycling of shield muck is difficult; a plurality of rivers and lakes in China have long coastlines, the amount of sand-containing sludge generated in river dredging engineering is large, and the sludge is solidified and stacked for a long time and cannot be effectively recycled. At present, most of shield muck and river bottom sludge are treated by a discarding method, and the sludge must have a plurality of negative effects on the environment for a long time.

The existing treatment technology of the shield muck comprises a muck environment-friendly regeneration treatment technology, and the existing treatment technology of the river bottom silt comprises a composting treatment technology and a curing treatment technology.

The environment-friendly regeneration treatment technology of the shield muck is to reduce the discharge amount of waste muck and recycle sand and stones in the muck by separating and dehydrating the muck. However, the technology has low recovery rate of silt in shield muck.

Composting treatment of river bottom sludge is to add humus and the like to improve the characteristics of the sludge and then carry out composting treatment so as to obtain compost products; the solidification treatment is to add a solidifying material into the sludge, and the product generated by the reaction of the solidifying material and water has ion exchange effect with clay particles and is adsorbed among the particles to form solidified materials, and finally the solidified materials are buried.

① the process flow of the technology is complicated, a large amount of equipment needs to be arranged, slurry can be separated and treated only after being lifted for many times, the equipment cost of the technology is high, ② the technology only reduces one third of the discharge amount of waste residue soil in certain engineering application and cannot solve the problem of waste of a large amount of shield residue soil, ③ the specification of sand and stone separated by the technology cannot meet the requirement of the existing market, and sand and stone in the shield residue soil cannot be fully benefited.

2 river bottom sludge treatment technology

2.1 composting technology: the composting method aims at treating sludge without heavy metals, has limited application range, cannot be used in large scale, and is easy to be influenced by weather, high in cost and capable of generating odor in the composting process.

2.2 curing treatment technology: the solidification treatment method has certain requirements on the water content of the sludge, and the sludge at the river bottom of the river channel generally has high water content and needs to be dewatered. The natural dehydration needs large area of land and is easily influenced by weather, and the efficiency of mechanical dehydration is low, so that the requirements of river channel dredging engineering are difficult to meet. Meanwhile, the sludge solidification cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an engineering muck sand-stone separation system, which solves the problem of effectively removing bentonite foaming agents and the like in muck, and sand-stone separated in the prior art can not meet the market demand.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an engineering muck sand-stone separation system, comprising:

the slurry lifting system is used for pulping the residue soil containing the foaming agent and the circulating water containing the defoaming agent to obtain suspended residue slurry containing the foaming agent and having the concentration of 10-70%, and lifting the slurried suspended residue slurry to a next mechanism; or the residue soil containing the foaming agent is lifted into the pool, the lifted residue soil and circulating water containing the defoaming agent are slurried to obtain suspended residue slurry containing the foaming agent and with the concentration of 10-70%, and the suspended residue slurry flows into the next mechanism;

the washing and separating system is used as the next mechanism of the chemical-to-physical lifting system and is provided with a multi-stage washing and separating system, the first-stage washing and separating system is connected with the chemical slurry lifting system through a pipeline, the multi-stage washing and separating system is communicated with the chemical slurry lifting system through a diversion trench, the multi-stage washing and separating system sequentially carries out sand-stone separation on the chemical slurry and the lifted suspended slag slurry according to the sequence of the sizes of the screen holes from large to small, and corresponding sand-stones separated from the chemical slurry and the lifted suspended slag slurry are washed while carrying out the sand-stone separation, so that sand-stones with different particle sizes and residual slag slurry;

the mud-water separation system is communicated with the final-stage washing separation system, and is used for carrying out mud-water separation on the residual slurry obtained after separation to obtain a mud cake and a supernatant;

the circulating water tank system is connected with the mud-water separation system, the washing separation system and the chemical pulp lifting system through pipelines, receives supernatant separated by the mud-water separation system, adds water and necessary agents such as defoaming agents into the supernatant to form circulating water, and conveys the circulating water to the chemical pulp lifting system and the washing separation system;

the auxiliary conveying system is provided with a plurality of conveying systems, the plurality of conveying systems correspond to the multistage washing and separating systems one by one and are used for conveying the gravels with different particle sizes and the mud cakes separated by the multistage washing and separating systems and the mud-water separating systems to respective storage areas;

and the PLC electrical control system adopts a PLC and touch screen control mode to carry out on-off control and/or adjustment control on the start, stop and/or frequency of each system and each pipeline.

The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial technical effects: the method has the advantages that substances such as sand, fine powder and the like obtained by sand-containing muck generated in tunnel shield and river dredging projects are recycled, the utilization rate reaches or exceeds 98%, and the problem that the existing shield muck is wasted due to high recycling difficulty or low recycling rate is solved. The separated sand and stone can be fully utilized as building materials; the separated fine powder can be used as raw materials of enterprises needing fine powder, such as paint and the like; finally, the ultrafine powder obtained by sludge dehydration can be used in the fields of building backfill and the like, and water can be recycled to a system.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a process flow and a plan layout of an engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the operation flow of the slurry first lifting mode of the slurry dissolving lifting system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the operation flow of the slurry lifting system of the present invention in the first lifting and then slurry melting mode;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a process flow for the wash separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a system layout of the scrubbing and separating system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the workflow of the primary wash separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of the workflow of the two-stage wash separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the workflow of the three stage wash separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of the workflow of the four-stage wash separation system of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a block diagram of the workflow of the mud-water separation system of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a block diagram of the operational flow of a circulating pond system of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of the workflow of the satellite delivery system of the present invention;

fig. 13 is a block diagram of the work flow of the PLC electrical control system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following detailed description. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Moreover, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the concepts of the present invention.

The core of the invention is that the bentonite foaming agent and the like in ① dregs are effectively removed, ② dregs slurrying and washing system works effectively, and ③ specification of reasonable graded sand and stone separation meets market demand.

The technological process and the plan layout of the system are shown in the following figure 1, and the technological process comprises six parts, namely an ① slurry lifting system, a ② washing and separating system, a ③ mud-water separating system, a ④ circulating pond system, a ⑤ auxiliary conveying system and a ⑥ PLC electric control system.

The process flow of the present invention is explained below: (1) slurrying lifting system: after slurry melting process is carried out on sand-containing muck generated in tunnel shield and river channel dredging projects, the muck is lifted to enter a washing and separating system after forming slag slurry with the concentration of 10% -70% (namely, the solid content is 10% -70%); (2) a washing and separating system: the slag slurry is separated by mesh separation equipment with different particle sizes, and then washed to complete the clean process of the sand and stone, so that the clean and recyclable sand and stone with different particle sizes are obtained, and the obtained sand and stone are respectively transported to respective temporary storage areas (bins of washing and separating systems) through respective conveying systems to be stored for recycling in related industries. The residual slurry which is not easy to settle and is obtained after separation enters a mud-water separation system; (3) a mud-water separation system: the residual slurry which can not be separated again is processed by a sludge dewatering machine to obtain mud cakes with low water content, the mud cakes are transported to a dewatered mud cake storage bin (temporary storage area) through a mud cake conveying system to be stored for recycling in required industries, and supernatant flows into a circulating water pool. (4) Circulating pond system: supplementing necessary water quantity to the supernatant, adding 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent or other necessary and small amount of medicament as required by the arranged medicament box to remove bentonite foaming agent remained in the water, clarifying, improving and recovering the water body to a recyclable state, pressurizing and lifting, and respectively conveying the water body to a slurry lifting system and a washing and separating system for recycling through a slurry mixing pipe and a flushing pipe. (5) The auxiliary conveying system comprises: the sand and the mud cakes obtained by the washing separation system and the mud-water separation system are respectively conveyed to respective temporary storage areas (storage bins) through sand and mud cake conveying systems (belts, slideways, pipelines and the like) and are used as raw materials for purchasing and using in respective required industries. (6) PLC electrical control system: the system is designed in a PLC + touch screen control mode, touch screen control (remote control/interface control/automatic/manual control), PLC logic control (automatic control) and on-site cabinet/box control (automatic/manual control) are set, various analog quantity/switching measuring instruments are used for acquiring data parameters such as flow state, pressure, flow, time and the like in an auxiliary mode, and operation can be controlled automatically/manually. And setting corresponding control parameters according to the operation requirement of the process system, thereby realizing the safe and stable operation of the whole sand-stone separation system.

The following describes the connections between the systems: (1) the connection between the pulping lifting system and the washing separation system is realized by lifting equipment and a conveying pipeline thereof; (2) the connection between the washing separation system and the mud-water separation system is realized through a pipeline; (3) the connection of the mud-water separation system and the circulating pond system is realized through a pipeline; (4) the connection of the circulating pond system, the slurry lifting system and the washing and separating system is realized by respectively pressurizing by a clean water pump to form high-pressure water, a slurry mixing pipe, a flushing pipe and the like; (5) the auxiliary conveying system comprises sand conveying systems and mud cake conveying systems with different particle sizes, the washing separation system and the mud-water separation system are respectively connected with the corresponding storage bins, and the washing separation system and the mud-water separation system are realized through belts, slideways, pipelines and the like.

In practical application, equipment parameters and arrangement modes in the sand-gravel separation system need to be determined according to the muck treatment capacity of practical projects, the system plane layout and the like. The sand-stone separation technology is applied to the prior engineering for treating shield muck generated in tunnel engineering, and the sand-stone separation technology is explained by combining the engineering. The main equipment and structures adopted by the system are as follows.

1 pulping lift system the pulping lift system can be divided into two operation modes according to the sequence of the pulping process and the lifting process, wherein one mode is to firstly pulp the pulping process and then lift the pulping process, and the other mode is to firstly lift the pulping process and then pulp the pulping process. The existing engineering adopts an operation mode of firstly pulping and then lifting.

1.1 slurrying before lifting

1.1.1 function of slag pool (1): as a container for storing the muck.

1.1.2 slurry pool (1) function, namely slurry mixing of dregs containing soil to form suspended slurry under the action of slurry mixing equipment and primary removal of bentonite foamers and the like in dregs, (2) main equipment, namely slurry mixing equipment, adopting a hydraulic and mechanical slurry mixing mode, wherein the slurry mixing equipment is a slurry mixing pipe and a stirrer, and a high-pressure spray nozzle is arranged on the slurry mixing pipe, ① function, namely the dregs and circulating water are mixed to form suspended dreg slurry through the water outlet pressure of the high-pressure spray nozzle arranged on the slurry mixing pipe and the stirring action of the stirrer, and the bentonite foamers and the like in dregs are effectively removed, ② parameter, the water outlet pressure of the high-pressure spray nozzle is more than 15 kg.f/cm 2

1.1.3 lifting device (1) function: and lifting the suspended slag slurry and the partially settled large particles in the slurry pond to a first-stage washing and separating system. (2) Quantity: 3 sand pumps are provided, one is provided with two spare pumps (or 2 sets of grab bucket conveyors are provided, and the other is provided with one spare pump). (3) Parameters are as follows: sand pump Q150 m³/h，H＝25m, N22 kw; grab bucket conveyor Q150 m³/h，N＝15kw。

1.2 description of lifting first and then pulping: the equipment type is basically the same as that of pulping and then lifting, and the pulping position is different.

1.2.1 function of the slag pool (1): as a container for storing the muck.

1.2.2 lifting device (1) function: and lifting the residue soil in the residue pool to a primary washing and separating system. (2) The main equipment is as follows: grab bucket conveyer (or screw conveyer) + sandstone pump. (3) Quantity: 2 pieces of equipment are used and prepared. (4) Parameters are as follows: and determining according to the residue soil treatment capacity and the system layout of the actual project.

1.2.3 the slurry melting equipment adopts a hydraulic and mechanical slurry melting mode, the slurry melting equipment comprises a slurry mixing pipe and a stirrer, and the slurry mixing pipe is provided with a high-pressure spray head. (1) The functions are as follows: the residue soil and the circulating water are mixed to form suspended residue slurry through the water outlet pressure of a high-pressure spray head arranged on the slurry mixing pipe and the mechanical stirring action, and bentonite foaming agents and the like in the residue soil are effectively removed. (2) Parameters are as follows: the water outlet pressure of the high-pressure spray head is more than 15 kg.f/cm 2.

1.3 advantages and disadvantages of two slurry lifting systems

(1) Slurry first and lifting later: residual foam on the surface of the slag soil is few, and the subsequent slag soil separation effect is good, clean and attractive, and the defects that the amount of the lifted slag slurry is large and the working load of the lifting equipment is large are overcome.

(2) Lifting first and then pulping: the amount of the lifted slag slurry is small, the work load of the lifting equipment is light, but the design requirement of the lifted slurry is high, and the operation effect of the slurry mixing equipment is good.

2 the existing engineering of the washing and separating system is provided with four stages of separating equipment with different particle sizes (stones, coarse sand, fine sand and silt) according to market demands. Each set of separation equipment is provided with a set of washing assembly, and the washing assembly is used as an assembly of the separation equipment and forms a washing and separating system together with the separation equipment. The washing and separating system can wash and separate the sand-containing residue soil by simultaneously carrying out the washing and separating processes.

2.1 the first stage wash separation system consists of a combination shaftless separation screen containing a wash assembly. (1) The functions are as follows: washing the slurry and separating clean stones with the particle size of more than 8-12 mm. (2) Quantity: 1, 1 set of; (3) parameters are as follows: the length of the sieve is 4m, the inclination angle of the sieve is about 6-20 degrees, the aperture of the sieve is 8-12mm, and N is 11 kw.

2.2 the two-stage washing and separating system adopts two sets of two-stage washing and separating systems which independently operate to operate:

sleeving a first sleeve: the device consists of a combined vibration separation screen containing a washing component;

and (2) sleeving: consists of a combined shaftless separating screen containing a washing component.

The two sets of equipment independently complete the design indexes, and the equipment can independently operate or simultaneously operate.

(1) The functions are as follows: and washing and separating the residual slurry obtained after the separation by the first-stage washing and separating system to obtain clean coarse sand with the thickness of 3-8 mm. (2) Quantity: 1 set of each; (3) parameters are as follows: the vibrating screen is 5m multiplied by 1.5m, the inclination angle of the screen plate is about 5-15 degrees, N is 5.5kw multiplied by 2, and the screen mesh is 3-3.5 mm; the aperture of the screen mesh of the second-stage shaftless separating screen is 3-3.5mm, and the rest parameters are the same as those of the first-stage shaftless separating screen.

2.3 the three-stage washing and separating system adopts two sets of three-stage washing and separating systems which independently operate to operate:

sleeving a first sleeve: the device consists of three stages of combined separation equipment, which comprises a wheel type separation sieve containing a washing component, a cyclone separator group and a mechanical dewatering sieve;

The three-stage washing and separating system is designed such that the two sets of equipment independently complete the design indexes, and the equipment can independently operate or simultaneously operate.

(1) The functions are as follows: and washing and separating the residual slurry obtained after the separation by the secondary washing and separating system to obtain the clean fine sand with the particle size of 2-3 mm.

(2) The main equipment comprises ① wheel-type separating sieves a, 1 set of the separating sieves a, b, parameters of wheel diameter of 2.8m, double-groove screen mesh 1m, screen mesh aperture of 2mm, N equal to 7.5kw, ② cyclone separator sets a, 1 set of the separating sieves a, 2 sets of the separating sieves and 2 sets of sand pumps, wherein the sand pumps are used one by one, and b, parameters of sand pumps Q equal to 100m³H, H15 m, N11 kw, ③ mechanical dewatering screen a, 1 number of 1, b, 2.4m multiplied by 1.2m parameter, 0.2mm screen, 1.5kw multiplied by 2 vibrating motor power, ④ shaftless separating screen, 1 set of a number of the three devices, b, 2mm screen aperture of the three-level shaftless separating screen, and the rest parameters are the same as the first-level shaftless separating screen.

The 2.4 four-stage washing and separating system consists of four-stage combined separating equipment and comprises a cyclone separator group, a mechanical dewatering screen containing a washing component and other components, (1) the functions of washing and separating residual slag slurry obtained after separation by the three-stage washing and separating system to obtain 0.2-2mm clean silt, (2) the main equipment comprises ① cyclone separator groups, wherein the number of the cyclone separator groups is 1, the cyclone separator groups comprise 2 cyclones and 2 sand pumps, one sand pump is used, and the parameter of the sand pump group is that the sand pump Q is 100m³H15 m, N11 kw ② mechanical dewatering screen, a number 1 set, b parameter 2.4m × 1.2m, screen 0.2mm, vibrating motor power 1.5kw × 2.

3 mud-water separation system

3.1 sludge pool (1) function, namely receiving residual slag slurry which is separated by a washing and separating system and is not easy to settle, (2) main equipment, namely a stirrer and a sludge pump, ① stirrers, 2 mixers, 2 b parameters, namely the diameter of a blade is 2.5m, the axial length is 4m, the rotating speed is 10rpm, two layers of double blades comprise a bottom fulcrum, N is 11kw, ② sludge pumps, 2 mixers, one for one, and b parameters, Q is 200m³/h，H＝120m，N＝105kw

3.2 sludge dewatering equipment: the existing engineering adopts a chamber type filter press. (1) The functions are as follows: and sludge and water which are conveyed to the filter press from the sludge tank and can not be separated are separated. (2) Quantity: 2, sleeving; (3) parameters are as follows: filtration area 500m²The working pressure is 7-14 kg.f/cm 2, the size of the filter plate is 1600 multiplied by 70mm, the number of the filter plates is 115, and the volume of the filter chamber is about 8m³。

4, circulating a pond system: (1) the functions are as follows: supernatant obtained by the mud-water separation system is received, the water delivery mechanism supplements necessary water quantity in the supernatant, and the chemical tank adds 0.1 to 1.5 percent of defoaming agent chemicals or other necessary chemicals into the water according to the needs to obtain circulating water which can be recycled,and finally, pressurizing and lifting the pulp to a water using unit, (2) main equipment comprises a clean water pump, a ① type centrifugal pump, ② quantity of 3 pumps, one pump is used for two purposes and one spare pump is used (1 pump serves a pulping lifting system, 1 pump serves a washing separation system, and the pulping lifting system and the washing separation system share 1 spare pump), ③ parameter Q is 100m³/h，H＝25-50m，N＝11kw

5, a stock bin: (1) the functions are as follows: used as a temporary storage area for sand and mud cakes obtained by the treatment of a sand and stone separation system. (2) Quantity: 5, the device comprises a first-stage washing and separating system bin, a second-stage washing and separating system bin, a third-stage washing and separating system bin, a fourth-stage washing and separating system bin and a dewatering mud cake bin. (3) Parameters are as follows: determined according to actual engineering requirements. (4) The main equipment is as follows: 1 set of conveyer is configured, and the distance and the height are determined by actual requirements.

6, a PLC electrical control system: (1) the functions are as follows: controlling the operation of the whole sand-stone separation system. (2) The main equipment is as follows: the system consists of a master control box, a PLC cabinet, a frequency conversion cabinet, a field control box and the like.

The following describes the systems for sand separation technology:

1 slurry lifting system

1.1 System core: the effective cooperation of the pulping equipment and the lifting equipment; effectively removing bentonite foaming agent and the like in the slag soil; the slag slurry is kept as a suspension-shaped mixed liquid and is effectively lifted to a separation system, and meanwhile, the slag slurry automatically flows to complete the subsequent separation process after being lifted as once as possible.

1.2 System function: the dregs in the dregs pool are slurried to a mixed turbid liquid with 10% -70% of dregs slurry concentration according to needs, so that the dregs are easy to convey, conveyed to a required elevation through lifting equipment, the requirements of a subsequent washing and separating system are met, and the removal of bentonite foaming agents and the like on the dregs surface and the primary cleaning and separation of coarse and fine sandy soil and the like are completed in the slurrying process.

1.3 System architecture and workflow

1.3.1 slurrying before lifting: the pulping device consists of a pulping pool, pulping equipment and lifting equipment. The system workflow block diagram for this mode of operation is shown in fig. 2.

1.3.1.1 the system structure (1) slurry pool ① function, slag and water mix to form suspended slag slurry container, remove bentonite foam agent in slag, finish the primary cleaning separation of coarse and fine sand, ② main equipment, slurry mixing pipe and agitator, slurry mixing pipe is equipped with high pressure nozzle, ③ theory of operation, clean water pump pressure circulating water through slurry mixing pipe to high pressure nozzle water pressure (>15 kg. f/cm2) and agitator agitation action slag and water mix to form suspended slag slurry, and clean the bentonite foam agent in slag.

(2) The lifting device has ① functions of lifting and conveying the slurry in the slurry tank to the primary washing and separating system, ② main devices are sand pumps (or grab bucket conveyors), and ③ has the working principle that the slurry is lifted and conveyed from the slurry tank to the primary washing and separating system by utilizing the kinetic energy of mechanical equipment.

1.3.1.2 work flow

(1) And (3) pulping: the high-pressure circulating water acts on the slurry through a high-pressure nozzle arranged on a slurry mixing pipe in the slurry melting tank, under the stirring action of high-pressure water and a stirrer, the sand-containing residue soil and the circulating water form the slurry with the solid content of 10-70% and easy conveying, and bentonite foaming agents and the like contained in the residue soil are removed at the same time, so that the primary cleaning and separation of coarse and fine sand soil are completed.

(2) And (3) a lifting process: the sand pump (or the grab bucket conveyor) lifts and conveys the suspended slag slurry formed in the slurry pond to the primary washing and separating system through the conveying pipeline.

1.3.1.3 connection of devices and structures

(1) The mixer and the slurry mixing pipe are arranged in the slurry melting tank, and the connection between the slurry melting tank and the circulating water tank is realized through a clean water pump and the slurry mixing pipe; (2) the pulping tank is connected with the primary washing and separating system through the lifting equipment and the conveying pipeline thereof, so that the matching of the pulping equipment and the lifting equipment is realized.

1.3.2 lifting first and then slurrying

Consists of a slag pool, a pulping device and a lifting device. The system workflow block diagram for this mode of operation is shown in fig. 3.

1.3.2.1 System architecture:

(1) ① function as a container for storing dregs.

(2) ① lifting equipment for lifting and conveying the dregs in the dregs pool to the first-stage washing and separating system ② main equipment including a grab bucket conveyor (or a screw conveyor) and a sand pump, ③ operating principle that the dregs from the dregs pool to the first-stage washing and separating system are lifted and conveyed by the kinetic energy of mechanical equipment.

(3) ① function of slurry equipment, mixing the slag soil with circulating water containing 0.1% -1.5% of defoaming agent to form slag slurry and removing bentonite foaming agent in the slag soil ② main equipment is slurry equipment which is a slurry mixing pipe and a stirrer, wherein a high-pressure nozzle is arranged on the slurry mixing pipe ③ working principle that the slag soil is conveyed to a first-stage shaftless separation sieve of a separation system by a grab bucket conveyor (or a spiral conveyor) and a sand pump, the slag soil and the circulating water are mixed to form suspended slag slurry by high-pressure water (pressure is more than 15 kg. f/cm2) and mechanical stirring action in the conveying process, the bentonite foaming agent in the slag soil is removed, and the cleaning and separation of coarse and fine sand soil are primarily completed.

1.3.2.2 System workflow (1) promotion Process: the grab bucket conveyor (or the screw conveyor) arranged in the slag tank lifts the slag to a required height, so that the slag is conveyed to the primary washing and separating system, and the residual slurry in the slag tank is lifted to the primary washing and separating system by the sand pump. (2) And (3) pulping: in the process of lifting and conveying the residue soil, a slurry melting device is arranged, circulating water and the residue soil are fully mixed under the stirring action of high-pressure water and machinery, the residue soil at the feed inlet of the primary washing and separating system is ensured to form residue slurry with the solid content of about 10-70%, bentonite foaming agents and the like in the residue soil are removed, and simultaneously, the primary cleaning and separation of coarse and fine sandy soil are completed.

1.3.2.3 connection of devices and structures: (1) the connection of the slag pool and the first-stage washing and separating system is realized by a lifting device (a grab bucket conveyor or a screw conveyor plus a sand pump) and a conveying pipeline thereof, and the connection of the circulating water pool and the slurry melting device is realized by a clean water pump, a slurry mixing pipe and the like. (2) The high-pressure spray head and the like on the slurry mixing pipe are arranged along the conveying pipeline of the lifting device, so that the matching of the lifting device and the slurry melting device is realized.

2 washing and separating system

2.1 system core: the washing component is effectively matched with the separation component; effectively washing impurities such as fine soil on the surface of the sand stone; the specification of the reasonably classified sand meets the market demand.

2.2 System function: the system separates sand and stone from slurry conveyed by the slurry lifting system through separating equipment with different screen mesh apertures, washes the sand and stone while separating the sand and stone, enables fine soil adhered to the surface of the sand and stone in the slurry to fall off, further removes foaming agent and the like, and obtains clean sand and stone with different specifications and capable of being recycled.

2.3 System architecture and workflow: the process flow block diagram and the general layout diagram of the washing and separating system are shown in fig. 4 and 5.

2.3.1 System architecture: the system is provided with reasonable-grade separation equipment to meet the existing market demand, and the existing engineering applied by the technology is provided with four-grade separation equipment with different particle sizes (pebbles, coarse sand, fine sand and silt sand) according to the market demand. The washing assembly is used as a washing assembly of the separating device and is shared with the separating device to form a washing and separating system. The system has the functions of washing and separating the slurry, and the slurry is separated while being washed.

(1) The functions are as follows: and (3) carrying out multistage sand-stone separation on the residual soil according to the design technical requirements to obtain recyclable, clean and market-demand-meeting sand stones with different particle sizes.

(2) The main equipment comprises ① a first-stage washing and separating system comprising a first-stage combined shaftless separating screen, ② a second-stage washing and separating system comprising a second-stage combined vibrating and separating screen and a second-stage combined shaftless separating screen, ③ a third-stage washing and separating system comprising a third-stage combined separating screen (a wheel type separating screen, a cyclone separator set and a mechanical dewatering screen) and a ④ a fourth-stage combined separating screen (a cyclone separator set and a mechanical dewatering screen).

2.3.2 System workflow

(1) First-stage washing and separating system: conveying the residue slurry obtained by the slurry lifting system to a first-stage washing and separating system, separating the residue slurry by a separating component of separating equipment while washing the residue slurry, allowing the obtained stones (namely first-stage gravels) with the thickness of more than 8-12mm to enter a stone conveying system, and allowing the residual residue slurry to enter a second-stage washing and separating system;

(2) two-stage washing and separating system: while washing the residual slurry, separating the residual slurry by a separation component of the second-stage combined separation equipment to obtain coarse sand (namely second-stage sand) with the thickness of 3-8mm, and feeding the residual slurry into a third-stage washing and separating system;

(3) three-stage washing and separating system: when the residual slurry is washed, the obtained 2-3mm fine sand (namely, three-level sand) enters a fine sand conveying system through the separation of a separation component of the three-level combined separation equipment, and the residual slurry enters a four-level washing separation system;

(4) four-stage washing separation system: the residual slurry is separated by a four-stage combined separation device separation component while being washed, the obtained 0.2-2mm silt (namely four-stage sandstone) enters a silt conveying system, and the residual slurry automatically flows into a sludge tank.

2.3.3 connection of devices and structures

(1) The connection between the circulating water tank and each washing and separating system is realized by a clean water pump, a flushing pipe, a high-pressure spray head and the like arranged in the circulating water tank.

(2) The washing component of each stage of combined separation equipment is matched with each separation component by installing a high-pressure spray head on a flushing pipe above the separation component of each stage of combined separation equipment.

(3) The connection of all stages of washing and separating systems is that a slag slurry discharge port of an ① primary washing and separating system is higher than a feed port of a secondary washing and separating system and is connected with a feed port of the secondary washing and separating system through a steel plate diversion trench, a slag slurry discharge port of a ② secondary washing and separating system is higher than a feed port of a tertiary washing and separating system and is connected with a feed port of the tertiary washing and separating system through a steel plate diversion trench, a slag slurry discharge port of a ③ tertiary washing and separating system is higher than a feed port of a quaternary washing and separating system and is connected with a feed port of the quaternary washing and separating system through a steel plate diversion trench, (4) bins of all stages of washing and separating systems are respectively located at appointed positions, slag discharge ports are arranged on the side face of separating equipment, sand and stone are conveyed to corresponding bins through auxiliary conveying systems (belts, slideways, pipelines and the like) through the slag slurry discharge port of the quaternary washing and separating system and sludge tanks of the sludge-water separating.

2.4 description of the washing separation System at the stages

2.4.1 Primary Wash separation System

(1) The system structure is as follows: the system consists of a first-stage combined shaftless separating screen containing a washing component.

① the function is that the slurry obtained by the slurry lifting system is conveyed to the first washing and separating system which washes and separates the slurry to further remove the residue of foam agent in the residue soil and get the stone with surface not containing fine soil and over 8-12 mm. ② the structure is that the shaftless separating screen mainly comprises a transmission device, a screening component, a frame, a sealing cover, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, the screen inclination angle of the shaftless separating screen is about 6-20 degrees, the screen is a wedge-shaped net with aperture of 8-12 mm.

③ the working principle is that a washing component washes the dregs by high pressure water to make the impurities such as fine soil adhered on the surface of dregs flow away with the liquid, at the same time, the residue of foaming agent substances in the dregs is further removed b, the shaftless separating screen turns over and rolls the dregs slurry on the screen surface due to the rotation of the equipment, and the dregs slurry is separated to obtain the products (stones) on the screen and the products (residual dregs slurry) under the screen.

(2) The system work flow is as follows: the workflow block diagram of the system is shown in fig. 6. And the slurry obtained by the slurry melting and lifting system enters a screen of the shaftless separation screen from a feed inlet of the first-stage combined shaftless separation screen, and clean stones with the particle size of more than 8-12mm are separated under the combined action of high-pressure water washing and the screen. The oversize product (pebble) is conveyed to a temporary storage area (a first-stage washing and separating system bin) through a slag material port at the tail part of a screen of the shaftless separating screen through a pebble conveying system, and the undersize product (residual slag slurry) enters a material inlet of a second-stage washing and separating system through a slag slurry material outlet at the bottom of the screen of the shaftless separating screen through a steel plate diversion trench.

(3) Matching: the clean water pump conveys the circulating water of the circulating water tank to a high-pressure spray head arranged above the screen of the first-stage shaftless separating screen through a flushing pipe, so that the matching of a separating component and a washing component of the first-stage washing and separating system is realized.

2.4.2 two-stage washing separation System

(1) The system structure is as follows: the system consists of a two-stage combined shaftless separating screen containing a washing component and a two-stage combined vibrating screen containing the washing component.

① the function is that the residual slurry separated from the first-stage washing and separating system is conveyed to the second-stage combined vibrating screen and the second-stage combined shaftless separating screen for washing and separating through the steel plate diversion trench, further removing the residue of foaming agent substances in the residue soil, and obtaining sand and stones with the surface free of fine soil and 3-8 mm.

② the structure is that the vibrating screen is composed of screen component, vibration damper, vibrator, drive motor, etc. the screen inclination angle of the vibrating screen is about 5-15 deg., the screen is manganese steel wire mesh with aperture of 3-3.5mm, the structure of the second grade shaftless separating screen is the same with the first grade shaftless separating screen, the aperture of the screen is 3-3.5 mm.

③ the working principle of the washing component is the same as that of the washing component of the first-stage washing and separating system, the separating equipment is a screen mesh which is formed by throwing up the slurry on the screen surface and reasonably matching the slurry with a straight line motion by using the vibration principle of the vibration motor of the vibrating screen, and the working principle of the second-stage shaftless separating screen is the same as that of the first-stage shaftless separating screen.

(2) The system work flow is as follows: the workflow block diagram of the system is shown in fig. 7. And the residual slurry obtained after separation by the first-stage washing and separating system enters a feed inlet of the second-stage washing and separating system, then enters a screen of the second-stage washing and separating system, and clean coarse sand with the particle size of 3-8mm is separated out under the action of high-pressure water washing and the screen. The coarse sand enters a temporary storage area (a second-stage washing and separating system bin) through a coarse sand conveying system through a slag port at the bottom of the screen, and the residual slag slurry enters a feeding hole of a third-stage washing and separating system through a discharge port at the tail of the screen and a steel plate guide groove.

(3) Matching: the clean water pump conveys the circulating water of the circulating water tank to a high-pressure spray head arranged above the screen of the secondary vibrating screen and the screen of the secondary shaftless separating screen through a flushing pipe, so that the matching of a separating component and a washing component of the secondary washing and separating system is realized.

2.4.3 three-stage washing and separating system

(1) The system structure is as follows: the system consists of three-stage combined separation equipment (a wheel type separation sieve, a cyclone separator set and a mechanical dewatering sieve) containing a washing assembly and a three-stage combined shaftless separation sieve.

① wheel-type separating screen has a function of separating the residual slurry separated by the second-stage washing and separating system from the slurry obtained by mixing the water-containing sand and stone separated by the third-stage cyclone separator group to obtain fine sand with the water content of 2-3mm, b a structure of 2-3mm consisting of a motor, a vibration damper, an impeller, a washing tank, a feed inlet, a discharge outlet and the like, c a working principle of driving the impeller by the operation of the motor to roll and grind the slurry entering the washing tank from the feed inlet under the rotation of the impeller to remove impurities covering the sand and destroy a water vapor layer covering the sand and grains, and meanwhile, adding water to form strong water flow to take away the impurities and foreign matters with small specific gravity.

② three-stage cyclone separator set a, function, which is to recycle and separate the residual slurry in the washing tank after separation by three-stage wheel type separation screen, b, structure, which is composed of 2 cyclone separators and 2 sand pumps (one used for one), c, working principle, which is that the slurry delivered to the inlet of the cyclone separator set by the sand pump has a certain speed, the slurry makes spiral rotation movement from top to bottom in the cyclone, when the liquid shows vortex movement, the pressure on the side wall of the cyclone is the highest, because the bottom flow caliber of the cyclone is smaller, part of the liquid flows to the center with lower pressure, and forms spiral flow to the overflow pipe while rotating, and finally discharges from the overflow port on the upper part, meanwhile, the sand is acted by centrifugal force, when the force is larger than the liquid resistance of the sand, the sand moves to the side wall, separates from the liquid, and discharges part of the liquid from the bottom flow port.

③ three-stage mechanical dewatering screen a, function, dewatering the water-containing fine sand separated by three-stage wheel type separating screen to obtain fine sand with low water content and 2-3mm, b, structure, mechanical dewatering screen is mainly composed of screen box, vibration exciter, supporting system and motor, c, working principle, two vibration exciters are driven by motor to run in synchronous and reverse direction, the centrifugal force generated by two groups of eccentric mass vibration exciters superpose the component force along the vibration direction, the reverse centrifugal counteracts, thus forming single exciting force along the vibration direction, making the screen box do reciprocating linear motion.

④ three-stage shaftless separating screen has a function of replacing the function of the combined separating equipment (wheel type separating screen, cyclone separator set and mechanical dewatering screen), namely separating the residual slurry obtained by the separation of the two-stage washing separating system to obtain clean 2-3mm fine sand with water content meeting the requirement, and b, the screen mesh has a pore diameter of 2mm, and the rest structure and the working principle are the same as those of the one-stage shaftless separating screen.

⑤ washing component a, washing the dregs entering the wheel-type separating screen and the three-stage shaftless separating screen, making the impurities such as fine soil adhered on the surface of the dregs fall off and further removing the foaming agent, b, the working principle is the same as that of the washing component of the first-stage washing separating system.

(2) The frame diagram of the working process of the system is shown in figure 8.①. the residual slurry obtained after separation by the second-stage washing and separating system enters a third-stage combined separating device (a wheel type separating screen, a cyclone separator group and a mechanical dewatering screen). A. the residual slurry enters a feed port of the wheel type separating screen and then enters a washing tank of the wheel type separating screen, meanwhile, the residual slurry returned to the washing tank after separation by the wheel type separating screen is conveyed to the third-stage cyclone separator group through a sand pump, the water-containing sand stone separated by the cyclone separator enters the feed port of the wheel type separating screen from a bottom flow port of the cyclone separator, converges with the residual slurry obtained by the second-stage washing and separating system and then enters the washing tank of the wheel type separating screen, while the residual slurry obtained by separation by the third-stage cyclone separator overflows through a top overflow port of the cyclone separator, automatically flows into a steel plate flow guide groove connecting the third-stage washing and separating system through a pipeline, finally enters a feed port of the fourth-stage washing and separating system, b. the residual slurry enters the tail of the washing and separating system, and then enters a discharge port of the temporary washing and the water-containing fine sand screen, and the water-containing water enters a discharge port of the four-stage washing and the mechanical dewatering screen.

② the residue slurry obtained after separation by the second-stage washing and separating system enters a third-stage combined shaftless separating screen, wherein the residue slurry enters a shaftless separating screen from the feed inlet of the third-stage shaftless separating screen, under the action of high-pressure water washing and the screen, fine sand of 2-3mm is separated out, the product (fine sand) on the screen is conveyed to a temporary storage area (a third-stage washing and separating system bin) through the residue outlet at the screen tail of the third-stage shaftless separating screen through a fine sand conveying system, and the product (residue slurry) under the screen enters the feed inlet of the fourth-stage washing and separating system through a steel plate diversion groove from the residue outlet at the bottom of the screen of the shaftless separating screen.

(3) Connection and mating

① the connection of the combined screen comprises a connecting the wheel type separating screen washing tank with the three-stage cyclone separator set by the sand pump and the transmission pipeline, and the three-stage cyclone separator set is installed above the feeding port of the wheel type separating screen to realize the connection of the cyclone separator set and the wheel type separating screen, b, connecting the wheel type separating screen slag port with the three-stage mechanical dewatering screen through the steel plate diversion groove to realize the connection of the wheel type separating screen and the mechanical dewatering screen.

② clean water pump conveys the circulating water of the circulating water pool to the high pressure nozzle arranged above the impeller of the wheel type separating screen and the screen of the three-level shaftless separating screen through the flushing pipe, thus realizing the matching of the separating assembly and the washing assembly of the three-level combined separating device and the three-level combined shaftless separating screen and further realizing the matching of the separating assembly and the washing assembly of the three-level washing and separating system.

2.4.4 four-stage separation System

(1) The system structure is as follows: the system comprises a washing component and four-stage combined separation equipment (a cyclone separator group and a mechanical dewatering screen), and the four-stage mechanical dewatering screen comprises a screen component, a water tank and the like. The bottom flow port of the four-stage cyclone separator is positioned above the feed inlet of the four-stage mechanical dewatering screen, and the water tank is positioned at the bottom of the screen of the mechanical dewatering screen.

① cyclone separator group a, function, separating the residual slag slurry obtained by the separation of the three-stage washing separation system to obtain fine sand with water content of 0.2-2mm, b, structure, consisting of 2 cyclone separators and 2 sand pumps (one for one), c, working principle is the same as that of the three-stage cyclone separator group.

② mechanical dewatering screen a-function, dewatering the water-containing fine sand obtained from the four-stage cyclone separator set, and the water tank at the bottom of the screen is used as a container for receiving the residual slurry obtained from the three-stage washing and separating system b-structure and working principle are basically the same as the three-stage mechanical dewatering screen.

③ washing component a, washing the hydrous silt entering the four-stage mechanical dewatering screen after being separated by the four-stage cyclone separator set, so that the impurities such as fine soil adhered on the surface of the silt fall off and the foaming agent is further removed b, the working principle is the same as that of the washing component of the first-stage washing and separating system.

(2) The work flow of the system is shown in a frame diagram of a work flow of the system in figure 9, ① residual slurry obtained after separation of the three-level washing separation system enters a water tank at the bottom of a four-level mechanical dewatering screen through a steel plate diversion trench, a sand pump lifts and conveys the slurry in the water tank to an inlet of the four-level cyclone separator, water-containing silt enters the four-level mechanical dewatering screen through a bottom flow port after separation of a cyclone separator main body, the residual slurry overflows to a sludge tank from an overflow port at the top of the cyclone separator, ② water-containing fine sand is subjected to water outlet washing through a high-pressure nozzle, and simultaneously, the four-level mechanical dewatering screen performs dewatering treatment on the water-containing fine sand to obtain the silt with the water content meeting the requirement and clean surface, the silt is conveyed to a temporary storage area (a bin of the four-level washing separation system) through a silt conveying system, and substances such as water, fine soil and the like enter the water tank at.

(3) Fitting together

The clean water pump conveys the circulating water of the circulating water tank to a high-pressure spray head arranged above the screen of the four-stage mechanical dewatering screen through a flushing pipe, so that the matching of a separation component and a washing component of the four-stage washing and separating system is realized.

3 mud-water separation system

3.1 the core of the system realizes the effective separation of mud and water, and obtains circulating water which can be recycled to a sand separation system by adding necessary medicaments into the water.

3.2 the system has the system function that the residual slurry which is not easy to settle and is obtained after being treated by the washing and separating system is dehydrated, so that circulating water which can be recycled to the sand and stone separating system and mud cakes which are used as backfill soil are obtained, and the recycling of the residue and the soil is fully realized.

3.3 System architecture and workflow: the block diagram of the work flow of the mud-water separation system is shown in fig. 10.

3.3.1 System architecture: the system comprises a sludge pool, a sludge pump, a sludge dewatering machine and the like.

(1) The sludge tank ① has the functions of receiving the residual slurry obtained by the washing and separating system and lifting the slurry to the sludge dewatering machine, ② the main equipment comprises a stirrer and a sludge pump, wherein the stirrer is operated by a motor to drive a stirrer blade to rotate, so that the slurry in the sludge tank is stirred to prevent sludge from depositing in the tank, and the sludge pump is used for lifting the slurry in the sludge tank to the sludge dewatering machine.

(2) Sludge dewatering machine: the existing engineering uses a chamber filter press. a. The functions are as follows: and carrying out mud-water separation on the sludge conveyed from the sludge tank. b. The structure is as follows: the chamber filter press mainly comprises a frame part, a filtering part, a hydraulic part and an electric part, and the liquid outlet mode of the chamber filter press comprises open flow and four-corner closed flow. c. The working principle is as follows: under the pressure of the sludge pump, the sludge slurry is fed into a filter chamber, and solid and liquid are separated through the filtration of filter cloth.

A feeding stage: the hydraulic cylinder motor is started, the oil cylinder compresses the filter plate, the filter press reaches the maximum compression pressure, the sludge pump continuously fills materials into the filter chamber of the filter press, the pressure rises gradually after the whole filter chamber is filled, when the pressure of the sludge pump reaches the set pressure, the sludge pump enters a pressure maintaining stage, the supernatant is obviously reduced, the pump is stopped, and the feeding is finished. And discharging after a period of time.

A discharging stage: the automatic liquid receiving turning plate is vertically opened, the pump station motor is started, the hydraulic cylinder gradually releases pressure, the piston rod moves backwards to pull the pressing plate back to the initial position, the plate pulling mechanical arm is driven by the variable frequency motor to a first filter plate to take the plate, the filter cake automatically drops under the action of gravity, the plate pulling mechanical arm is moved repeatedly, the filter plates are sequentially pulled open until all the filter cakes are unloaded, and the plate pulling mechanical arm is taken back to the initial position. And after the filter material is completely discharged, restarting the hydraulic cylinder motor and entering the next working cycle.

3.3.2 System workflow

And a sludge pump arranged in the sludge tank conveys the slurry in the tank to a sludge dewatering machine, and the sludge cake and the supernatant are obtained after the dehydration treatment of the sludge dewatering machine. The mudcake enters its temporary storage area (dewatered mudcake silo) through a mudcake transport system, while the supernatant flows automatically through a pipe to a circulating water tank.

3.3.3 connection

The sludge pump and the conveying pipeline thereof connect the sludge tank with the sludge dewatering machine, and supernatant obtained by the sludge dewatering machine automatically flows into the circulating water tank through the pipeline.

4 circulating pond system

4.1 System function: and receiving supernatant obtained by the mud-water separation system, supplementing necessary water into the supernatant, adding 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent or other necessary medicaments to obtain circulating water which can be recycled, pressurizing and lifting by a clean water pump, and conveying to a water using unit.

4.2 System Structure and working process: a system workflow block diagram of a circulating pond system is shown in fig. 11.

4.2.1 System structure, the system is composed of a circulating water tank, a clean water pump and the like, (1) functions of the circulating water tank ①, namely a container for receiving supernatant obtained after passing through a mud-water separation system, (②) main equipment comprises the clean water pump and 3 devices (1 device for pulping and 1 device for washing and 1 device for standby), and (③) working principle is that mechanical energy generated by high-speed operation of a motor is utilized and is transmitted through a blade of the pump and converted into power for lifting and conveying circulating water.

4.2.2 System work flow (1) supplementing necessary water quantity to the supernatant obtained by the mud-water separation system, and adding 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent or other necessary medicaments to obtain circulating water capable of being recycled; (2) the circulating water is respectively conveyed to the pulping lifting system and the washing separation system through the pulping pipe and the flushing pipe under the pressurization lifting action of the pulping and washing clean water pump.

4.2.3 the circulating water tank is connected with the mud-water separation system through a self-flowing pipeline, and the connection with the chemical pulp lifting system and the washing separation system is realized through a chemical pulp clean water pump and a slurry mixing pipe, a washing clean water pump and a flushing pipe respectively.

5 Accessory conveying system

5.1 System function: the system conveys stones, coarse sand, fine sand, silt and mud cakes obtained after dregs pass through a slurry lifting system, a washing separation system and a sludge dewatering system to respective temporary storage areas (bins) through respective conveying systems, and the stones, the coarse sand, the fine sand, the silt and the mud cakes are used as raw materials for purchasing and using in required industries.

5.2 System Structure and working process: a block diagram of the workflow of the satellite delivery system is shown in fig. 12.

5.2.1 System architecture: the system consists of a stone conveying system, a coarse sand conveying system, a fine sand conveying system, a silt conveying system and a mud cake conveying system.

5.2.2 System workflow: (1) the stone conveying system comprises: the system conveys the stones with the diameter of more than 8-12mm separated by the primary washing and separating system to a bin of the primary washing and separating system through a conveying system (a belt, a slideway, a pipeline and the like). (2) Coarse sand conveying system: the system conveys coarse sand with the thickness of 3-8mm obtained by the separation of the secondary washing and separating system to a bin of the secondary washing and separating system through a conveying system (a belt, a slideway, a pipeline and the like). (3) Fine sand conveying system: the system conveys the fine sand with the diameter of 2-3mm obtained by the separation of the three-level washing and separating system to a bin of the three-level washing and separating system through a conveying system (a belt, a slideway, a pipeline and the like). (4) Silt conveying system: the system conveys the 0.2-2mm silt separated by the four-stage washing and separating system to a bin of the four-stage washing and separating system through a conveying system (a belt, a slideway, a pipeline and the like). (5) Mud cake conveying system: the system conveys mud cakes obtained by separating the mud-water separation system to a dewatered mud cake bin through a conveying system (a belt, a slideway, a pipeline and the like).

6, a PLC electrical control system: the sand-gravel separation system adopts a touch screen + PLC control mode, and a detailed system control frame line diagram is shown in figure 13.

6.1 automatic control State

6.1.1 Start

(1) ① the start of each separation device of the washing separation system, the sand conveying system and the circulating water pond system washing clean water pump is controlled by the start of the lifting device ② the start of the sludge pump and the mud cake conveying system is controlled by the working process of the filter press.

(2) When the PLC system starts the slurry separation system, the PLC system sends a starting instruction of the slurry separation system to the PLC system, the slurry tank liquid level meter inputs detected information to the PLC system when the PLC system starts the slurry separation system, the PLC system sends a starting instruction of the slurry stirring machine to the electrical system when the PLC system starts the slurry separation system, the PLC system sends a working pressure of the slurry separation system, the PLC system sends a starting instruction of the slurry stirring machine to the electrical system when the slurry level of the slurry tank is higher than a low liquid level value (liquid level is adjustable and accurate to centimeter) of the liquid level meter, the slurry stirring machine starts, the electrical system feeds a starting signal of the slurry stirring machine to the PLC system, the PLC system sends a starting instruction of the lifting device to the electrical system when the slurry tank liquid level of the slurry tank is higher than a liquid level value of the PLC system, the slurry level is adjustable and the slurry level is accurate to the slurry level meter, the lifting device starts the lifting device, the electrical system feeds a starting signal of the lifting device to the PLC system, the PLC system feeds back to the slurry separation system to the PLC system, the slurry separation system, the PLC system, the slurry separation system, the PLC system feeds back the PLC system, the slurry separation system, the PLC system, the PLC system, the PLC system, the PLC system, the PLC, the.

6.1.2 stop

(1) ① the stop of each equipment in the sand-stone separation system is controlled directly or indirectly by the stop of the slurry clean water pump, ② the stop of the sludge pump and the mud cake conveying system is controlled by the working process of the filter press.

(2) When the PLC system stops the electric slurry pump and the electric system sends a delay signal to the PLC system, the PLC system sends a delay signal to the PLC system when the PLC system stops the electric slurry pump and the electric system sends a delay signal to the PLC system, the PLC system stop the electric system to the PLC system, the PLC system stop the electric system, the PLC system sends a delay signal to the PLC system stop the PLC system, the PLC system stop the electric system, the PLC system send a delay signal to the PLC system stop the PLC system, the PLC system stop the electric system, the PLC system send a delay signal to the electric system stop the PLC system, the electric system stop the PLC to the electric system, the PLC system, the electric system send a delay signal to the electric system stop the electric system, the electric system stop the electric system, the electric system stop the electric system, the system stop the electric system stop the electric system, the system stop the electric system stop the system, the system stop the system, the electric system, the system stop the system, the system stop the electric system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the system stop the system, the.

6.2 Manual control State: when the whole system is switched to a manual operation state, the operation of each device is controlled by a manual operation button. When a certain device is switched to a manual state, the device in automatic operation can still automatically operate.

6.3 emergency stop system: one emergency stop button, one warning lamp and one silencing button.

The invention aims to protect an engineering muck sand-gravel separation system, and the invention can recycle the substances such as sand, gravel and the like obtained by sand-containing muck generated in tunnel shield and river dredging engineering into resources, wherein the utilization rate of the substances reaches or exceeds 98 percent, thereby solving the problem that the existing shield muck is wasted due to high recycling difficulty or low recycling rate. The separated sand and stone can be fully utilized as building materials; the separated fine powder can be used as raw materials of enterprises needing fine powder, such as paint and the like; finally, the ultrafine powder obtained by sludge dehydration can be used in the fields of building backfill and the like, and water can be recycled to a system.

It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely illustrative of or explaining the principles of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Further, it is intended that the appended claims cover all such variations and modifications as fall within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims or the equivalents of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an engineering dregs sand stone separation system which characterized in that includes:

the washing and separating system is used as a next mechanism of the chemical-to-physical lifting system and is provided with a multi-stage washing and separating system, the first-stage washing and separating system is connected with the chemical slurry lifting system through a pipeline, the multi-stage washing and separating system is communicated with the chemical slurry lifting system through a diversion trench, the multi-stage washing and separating system sequentially carries out sand-stone separation on chemical slurry and lifted suspended slag slurry according to the sequence of the sizes of the screen holes from large to small, and corresponding sand-stones separated from the chemical slurry and the lifted suspended slag slurry are washed while carrying out the sand-stone separation, so that sand-stones with different particle sizes and residual slag slurry without foaming;

the mud-water separation system is used for carrying out mud-water separation on the residual slurry obtained after separation after receiving the final-stage washing separation system to obtain mud cakes and supernatant;

the circulating water tank system is connected with the mud-water separation system, the washing separation system and the chemical pulp lifting system through pipelines, receives supernatant separated by the mud-water separation system, adds water and defoaming agents into the supernatant to form circulating water, and conveys the circulating water to the chemical pulp lifting system and the washing separation system;

2. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 1, wherein the slurry lift system comprises: the system comprises a pulping pool, pulping equipment, pulp mixing equipment and lifting equipment; the slurry melting tank is communicated with the circulating water tank system through slurry mixing equipment, receives circulating water conveyed by the circulating water tank system through a slurry melting clean water pump and a slurry mixing pipe, and fully mixes and stirs the residue soil containing the foaming agent and the circulating water to form suspended residue slurry with the concentration of 10-70%; the slurrying equipment is arranged in the slurrying pool and is used for mixing and stirring the residue soil containing the foaming agent and the circulating water in the slurrying pool; and the lifting equipment comprises a sand pump and a grab bucket conveyor or a spiral conveyor, and is used for lifting the suspended slurry to the next mechanism or lifting the residue soil containing the foaming agent to a slurry pond for slurry formation.

3. The engineered muck sand-rock separation system of claim 2, wherein the scrubbing separation system comprises:

the primary washing and separating system is communicated with the slurry pond and is used for washing and separating the suspended slag slurry, and removing the foaming agent and fine soil in the slag slurry to obtain primary sand and stone;

a feed port of the second-stage washing and separating system is communicated with the first-stage washing and separating system through a diversion trench and is lower than a discharge port of the first-stage washing and separating system, and the residual slurry after the first-stage separation is washed and separated to remove a foaming agent and fine soil remained in the slurry to obtain second-stage sand and stone;

a feed port of the third-stage washing and separating system is communicated with the second-stage washing and separating system through a diversion trench and is lower than a discharge port of the second-stage washing and separating system, and the residual slurry after the second-stage separation is washed and separated to remove the foaming agent and fine soil remained in the slurry to obtain third-stage sand and stone;

a feed inlet of the four-stage washing and separating system is communicated with the three-stage washing and separating system through a diversion trench and is lower than a discharge outlet of the three-stage washing and separating system, and the residual slurry after the three-stage washing and separating system is washed and separated to remove the foaming agent and fine soil remained in the slurry to obtain four-stage sandstone;

wherein the grain size of the first-grade sand stone is larger than the grain size of the second-grade sand stone and the grain size of the third-grade sand stone is larger than the grain size of the fourth-grade sand stone.

4. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 3, wherein the primary washing separation system comprises: a first-stage separating screen and a first-stage washing assembly;

the primary separating sieve is provided with a primary feeding hole, a primary discharging hole and a primary screen which is obliquely arranged and can rotate, the feeding hole is communicated with the slurry pond through a slurry lifting system, the primary screen rotates to drive the slurry entering from the primary feeding hole to turn and roll so as to separate primary sand and stone containing fine soil and foaming agent and the slurry after primary separation, and the primary discharging hole is used for outputting the slurry after primary separation;

and the first-stage washing component is suspended at the feed inlet and/or above the first-stage screen, is communicated with the circulating water tank through a flushing pipe and a washing clean water pump, and is used for adding circulating water into the first-stage separation sieve and washing the first-stage sand while separating the first-stage sand and stone to remove fine soil impurities and foaming agents adhered to the surface of the first-stage sand and stone so as to obtain clean first-stage sand and stone.

5. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 4, wherein the secondary washing separation system comprises: at least one set of secondary separating screen and at least one set of secondary washing component;

the two-stage separation sieve is provided with a two-stage feeding hole, a two-stage discharging hole and a two-stage screen capable of being rotatably or vibrationally arranged, the two-stage feeding hole is communicated with the one-stage discharging hole of the one-stage separation sieve through a diversion trench, the two-stage screen overturns, rolls or throws the primarily separated slurry entering through the two-stage feeding hole to separate secondary sand and stone containing fine soil and a foaming agent and the secondarily separated slurry, and the two-stage discharging hole is used for outputting the secondarily separated slurry;

and each set of secondary washing component corresponds to one set of secondary separation sieve, is arranged at the feed inlet and above the secondary screen, is communicated with the circulating water tank through a flushing pipe and a washing clean water pump, washes the secondary sand and stones while performing secondary separation, removes fine soil impurities and foaming agents adhered to the surfaces of the secondary sand and stones, and obtains clean secondary sand and stones.

6. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 5, wherein the three-stage washing and separating system comprises: at least one set of three-stage separating screen and at least one set of three-stage washing component;

the three-stage screen is used for sequentially turning, centrifugally moving and dehydrating the slag slurry after the second-stage separation entering through the three-stage feed port, removing impurities covering the surface of the sand and damaging a water vapor layer coating sand grains, separating out three-stage sand stones containing fine soil and a foaming agent and slag slurry after the third-stage separation, and the three-stage discharge port is used for outputting the slag slurry after the third-stage separation;

and each set of three-stage washing assembly corresponds to one set of three-stage separating screen, is arranged at the feed inlet and above the three-stage screen, is communicated with the circulating water tank through a flushing pipe and a washing clean water pump, washes the three-stage sand stones while performing three-stage separation, removes fine soil impurities and foaming agents adhered to the surfaces of the three-stage sand stones, and obtains the clean three-stage sand stones.

7. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 6, wherein the four-stage washing separation system comprises: a four-stage cyclone separator, a four-stage dewatering screen and a four-stage washing assembly;

the four-stage separation sieve is provided with a four-stage feeding hole, a four-stage discharging hole and a rotatable four-stage screen, the four-stage feeding hole is communicated with the three-stage discharging hole of the three-stage separation sieve through a diversion trench, the four-stage screen is used for separating and dehydrating the slag slurry after the three-stage separation entering through the four-stage feeding hole at one time, removing water vapor coating sand grains, separating water-containing four-stage sand and slag slurry after the four-stage separation, and the four-stage discharging hole is used for outputting the slag slurry after the four-stage separation;

the fourth-stage dewatering screen is used for dewatering the fourth-stage sandstone containing water after the fourth-stage separation to obtain the fourth-stage sandstone;

and the four-stage washing component is arranged at the feed inlet and above the four-stage screen, is communicated with the circulating water tank through a washing pipe and a washing clean water pump, and is used for washing the four-stage sand and stone while performing four-stage separation to remove fine soil and foaming agent adhered to the surface of the four-stage sand and stone, so that clean four-stage sand and stone are obtained.

8. The engineering muck sand-stone separation system of claim 7,

the first-stage separation sieve, the second-stage separation sieve and the third-stage separation sieve are shaftless separation sieves with the same structure, the first-stage separation sieve is a screen with the aperture of 8-12mm, the second-stage separation sieve is a screen with the aperture of 3-3.5mm, and the third-stage separation sieve is a screen with the aperture of 2-3 mm; the four-stage separation sieve is a vibrating sieve, and the aperture of the sieve adopted by the four-stage separation sieve is 0.2-2mm

Or the secondary separation sieve is a vibrating sieve which adopts a manganese steel wire mesh grid with the mesh opening diameter of 3-3.5 mm;

the third-stage separation sieve is a wheel type separation sieve, and the aperture of a screen mesh of the wheel type separation sieve is 2 mm; the four-stage separation sieve is a vibrating sieve, and the aperture of a screen mesh adopted by the four-stage separation sieve is 0.2-3 mm.

9. The engineering muck sand-gravel separation system of claim 5, wherein the mud-water separation system comprises:

the sludge tank receives the residual slurry after passing through the four-stage washing and separating system;

the stirrer is arranged in the sludge tank and is used for stirring the residual slurry in the sludge tank;

the sludge pump is communicated with the sludge tank through a pipeline and is used for conveying the slag slurry in the sludge tank;

the sludge dewatering equipment is communicated with the sludge tank through a sludge pump and is used for dewatering the sludge conveyed by the sludge pump to obtain mud cakes and supernatant;

circulating pond system includes:

the circulating water tank is communicated with the sludge dewatering equipment through a pipeline and receives supernatant formed in the sludge dewatering equipment;

the water conveying mechanism is used for adding water into the supernatant in the circulating water tank;

the chemical box is used for adding 0.1-1.5% of defoaming agent into the supernatant fluid in the slurry mixing equipment and the washing equipment to obtain circulating water containing the defoaming agent;

the pulping clear water pump is arranged in the circulating water tank, pressurizes the supernatant in the circulating water tank, and conveys the supernatant to the pulping tank through a pulping pipeline arranged in the pulping tank;

and the washing clean water pump is arranged in the circulating water tank, pressurizes the supernatant in the circulating water tank, and conveys the supernatant to the washing separation system through a washing pipeline.

10. The engineering muck sand-stone separation system of claim 5,

the plurality of transport systems includes: the stone conveying system corresponds to the primary washing and separating system and is used for conveying the primary sand and stone separated by the primary washing and separating system to a bin of the primary washing and separating system through a belt, a slide or a pipeline;

the coarse sand conveying system corresponds to the secondary washing and separating system and conveys the coarse sand with the thickness of 3-10mm separated by the secondary washing and separating system to a bin of the secondary washing and separating system through a belt, a slide or a pipeline;

the fine sand conveying system corresponds to the three-stage washing and separating system and conveys the three-stage sand and stones separated by the three-stage washing and separating system to a bin of the three-stage washing and separating system through a belt, a slide or a pipeline;

the powder sand conveying system corresponds to the four-stage washing and separating system and conveys the four-stage sand stones separated by the four-stage washing and separating system to a bin of the four-stage washing and separating system through a belt, a slide or a pipeline;

and the mud cake conveying system corresponds to the mud-water separation system and conveys the mud cake prepared by the mud-water separation system to a dehydrated mud cake bin through a belt, a slide or a pipeline.