CN113217090A - Large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging treatment and paste treatment combined treatment method - Google Patents
Large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging treatment and paste treatment combined treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113217090A CN113217090A CN202110296578.6A CN202110296578A CN113217090A CN 113217090 A CN113217090 A CN 113217090A CN 202110296578 A CN202110296578 A CN 202110296578A CN 113217090 A CN113217090 A CN 113217090A
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000996 additive Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003311 flocculating Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 load Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 turbidity Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
- E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/04—Combinations of filters with settling tanks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C5/00—Apparatus or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions
- B28C5/003—Methods for mixing
- B28C5/006—Methods for mixing involving mechanical aspects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C7/00—Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture
- B28C7/0007—Pretreatment of the ingredients, e.g. by heating, sorting, grading, drying, disintegrating; Preventing generation of dust
Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging and paste disposal combined disposal method, wherein a combined disposal system comprises one or more groups of wheel type sand bailing machines, high-efficiency thickeners, disc type double vacuum filters, one-stage or multi-stage pump stations, deep cone thickeners, matched shearing and conveying systems, vertical mixing tanks and industrial filling pumps. The combined treatment method provided by the invention can be used for carrying out efficient comprehensive treatment on the whole tailings from a dressing plant, the whole system adopts a continuous feeding and continuous discharging mode to realize continuous operation of the dry discharging and paste stockpiling processes, and the two functions of the dry discharging and the tailing paste stockpiling are taken into consideration. The invention can simultaneously and well solve two problems of goaf filling and tailing stockpiling, greatly reduce the tailing disposal cost, utilize the tailing to the maximum extent and protect the safety of a tailing pond to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine tailing disposal, in particular to a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharge disposal and paste disposal combined disposal method.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy, the demand of mineral resources is gradually increased, and the yield of the tailings is greatly increased while the yield of the concentrate in a dressing plant is increased. According to related regulations of safe production in 2012, newly built metal-nonmetal underground mines must demonstrate whether a filling mining method can be adopted or not and preferably implement the filling mining method. Under the condition, the application proportion of the filling mining method in mines is increasing, and the process technology is also developed rapidly in recent years.
With the development of large-scale mines, the direct discharge of low-concentration tailings cannot meet the requirements of safety, environmental protection and high efficiency of modern mines, and field practice also proves that the harm of the discharge of the low-concentration tailings to a tailing pond is huge, a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources are required to be invested for careful maintenance, and the danger of dam break exists once the tailings are improperly maintained.
The dry discharge of tailings is a new tailing disposal process which is gradually developed in recent years, and is characterized in that tailing pulp output by a mineral separation process is subjected to multi-stage concentration and then is treated by efficient dewatering equipment such as a dewatering vibrating screen to form slag which is low in water content, easy to precipitate and solidify and capable of being stored in a site, and the slag can be transported to a fixed site for dry storage.
However, the conventional tailings dry-discharging disposal method still has the problems of single treatment scheme, saturation of tailings pond, ineffective utilization of full tailings and the like, and is difficult to solve the two problems of tailings stockpiling and empty mining area at the same time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging treatment and paste treatment combined treatment method. The system related by the method comprises a wheel type sand bailing machine, a high-efficiency thickener, a disc type double-vacuum filter, a deep cone thickener, a shearing and conveying system, a flocculating agent adding system, a cement adding system and a paste stirring and conveying system.
Therefore, the invention provides a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging treatment and paste treatment combined treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) the full tailings are directly self-flowed or pumped to a sand bailing machine, and fine tailings are obtained through screening; automatically flowing or pumping the fine tailings to a high-efficiency thickener, and automatically flowing or pumping the bottom flow of the high-efficiency thickener to an ore box of a disc type double-vacuum filter and an ore box of a pump station;
(2) for the underflow of the high-efficiency thickener which flows automatically or is pumped to the ore box of the disc type double-vacuum filter, dry discharge is obtained after double-vacuum drying, and the wastewater is conveyed to the high-efficiency thickener; meanwhile, a flocculating agent adding system sends a flocculating agent into the high-efficiency thickener for flocculating settling, and then the sediment is concentrated and dehydrated;
(3) the underflow which flows automatically or is pumped to a pump station ore box high-efficiency thickener is conveyed to a deep cone thickener through a pump station to be concentrated into paste;
(4) treating the paste obtained in the step (3) with (a) or (b): (a) when the paste needs to be discharged, discharging the paste to a tailing pond through a shear pump, and performing dry discharge by using a digging machine after precipitation; (b) when filling is needed, the paste body is automatically flowed or sheared and pumped to a stirring barrel, cement is added by a cement adding system, the paste body and the cement are fully stirred, and a product obtained by stirring is automatically flowed or pumped to a mining area and/or a subsidence area for filling.
The whole tailings from the concentrating mill generally have the characteristic of low concentration, and the difficulty and the cost of direct treatment are high. However, this does not mean to limit the applicability of the method of the invention only to full tailings directly from the mill or to only low-concentration tailings. According to the invention, the full tailings are sent to the sand bailing machine through self-flowing or pumping, and the tailings meeting the dry-discharged requirements or the tailings meeting the fineness modulus requirements can be fished for sale by adjusting the size of the sieve pores of the sand bailing machine. And the fished fine tailings flow to the high-efficiency thickener automatically, the thickener overflows to a high-level water pool of a dressing plant, and the underflow flows to an ore box of the disc type double-vacuum filter and an ore box of a pump station automatically. And filtering the tailings of the ore box of the disc type double-vacuum filter by using the double-vacuum filter and then discharging the tailings in a dry mode. Conveying the tailing of the ore box of the pump station to a deep cone thickener for secondary concentration through the pump station, directly discharging the bottom flow of the deep cone paste to a tailing pond through a shear pump when the part of the tailing needs the paste to be discharged, and loading and dry-discharging the paste by using an excavator after precipitation; when the paste is required to be filled, the paste is pumped to a stirrer by a shear pump, is fully mixed with cement and then flows automatically or is pumped to a stope or a subsidence area.
According to the invention, the high-efficiency thickener mainly performs primary dehydration on the full tailings, and after dehydration, the model selection of a subsequent deep cone thickener can be greatly reduced, and the investment and operation cost can be reduced. Meanwhile, the device can also treat various paths of wastewater from plant selection, such as workshop floor washing water, filter wastewater and the like. The deep cone thickener is mainly used for deeply dehydrating the tailings concentrated by the high-efficiency thickener to paste. The diameter of the deep cone thickener depends on the solid amount and the hour volume of the separated tailings, the height is comprehensively determined by the treatment capacity and the underflow concentration, and the cone angle of the thickener is comprehensively determined by the underflow concentration of the tailings and the running torque of the rake frame. The number of the deep cone thickeners is preferably one, and if the amount of tailings is too large, the number of the deep cone thickeners may be 2 or more, and in short, the number of the deep cone thickeners needs to be reduced as much as possible.
The flocculating agent adding system is matched with the high-efficiency thickener and the deep cone thickener for use. The method is mainly used for accelerating the settling speed of the tailings and improving the settling and dewatering efficiency of the thickener. The flocculating agent adding system consists of a flocculating agent, a dissolving tank and a metering pump. The concentration of the tailing slurry is ensured when the flocculating agent is mixed with the tailing.
Further, in the step (1), the sand bailing machine is a wheel type sand bailing machine.
Further, in the step (1), the full tailings are sent to the bailing machine in a self-flowing mode or a pumping mode according to the conveying resistance from the factory to the feed trough of the bailing machine.
Further, in the step (1), the overflow water generated by the high-efficiency thickener is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: conveying to a high-level pond of a selected factory, using for the water of the flocculant adding system, using for the water of the stirrer, using for the water of pipeline cleaning and using as cooling water for filling an industrial pump.
Further, in the step (2), the flocculant adding system comprises a dissolving tank and a metering pump.
According to the invention, the flocculant adding system is matched with the high-efficiency thickener for use, and is mainly used for accelerating the tailing sedimentation speed and improving the sedimentation and dehydration efficiency of the thickener.
Further, in the step (3), the overflow water generated by the deep cone thickener is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: conveying to a high-level pond of a selected factory, using for the water of the flocculant adding system, using for the water of the stirrer, using for the water of pipeline cleaning and using as cooling water for filling an industrial pump.
Further, in the step (3), at least one (for example, one, two or three) liquid outlet pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the clear water layer of the deep cone thickener, and water discharged from the liquid outlet pipeline is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: the water-soluble flocculant is used for diluting water for flocculant, water for a stirrer, water for diluting paste concentration, pipeline flushing, fire-fighting water, pump flushing, deep cone thickener cleaning, cooling water for filling industrial pumps and the like.
Further, in the step (3), the paste is discharged or filled according to the requirement, and the shear pump can switch the conveying direction of the paste, so that the paste is conveyed to a tailing pond or a stirring barrel.
Further, in the step (3), in the stirring process of the stirrer, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate or an additive can be added according to the requirement.
The coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are mainly used for adjusting the proportion of the paste body, so that the fluidity and the mechanical property of the paste body are improved. When the content of the full tailings fine particles is more or the mud content is more and the required strength is higher, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are properly increased, which is beneficial to improving the strength of the paste.
Further, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the admixture are added into the stirrer through a coarse aggregate adding system, a fine aggregate adding system and an admixture adding system respectively.
Further, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the additive are respectively stored in a coarse aggregate bin, a fine aggregate bin and an additive bin; the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are fed into the stirrer through a disc feeder and a belt scale, and the addition amount is controlled by the belt scale; the additive is conveyed into the stirrer through a screw conveyer, and the addition amount is controlled by a micro-powder scale.
According to the coarse aggregate bin and the fine aggregate bin, the proportion of each component can be optimized and adjusted through indoor experiments, and the purposes of reducing the unit consumption of cement and improving the filling strength are achieved.
Furthermore, the coarse aggregate can be crushed stone, water-quenched slag, Gobi aggregate and other materials, and the size of the coarse aggregate is 2mm-20 mm.
Further, the fine aggregate can be materials such as stock tailings and rod frosting, and the size of the fine aggregate is 0.2mm-2 mm.
Further, the additive adding system is selected according to the requirements of paste conveying and condensation performance; the additive can be a pumping aid, a retarder, an accelerator, fly ash and other materials.
Further, in the step (3), the cement adding system comprises a cement bin and a screw conveyor.
Further, a dust remover is arranged at the top of the cement bin.
Further, the screw conveyor is used for metering and conveying cement.
Further, in the step (4), the product obtained by stirring flows automatically or is pumped to a mining area and/or a collapse area by a plunger pump (or a filling industrial pump) for filling.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following technical effects:
the method provided by the invention can be used for carrying out dry discharge or paste stacking treatment on the tailing sand of the plant selection, and extracting useful sand in advance for sale or dry discharge, thereby greatly reducing the subsequent equipment investment. The thin tailings after being fished by the wheel type sand bailing machine can be drained in a dry mode or subjected to secondary concentration by a deep cone thickener, then the paste is treated, and the heading of the paste tailings is determined according to the field requirements. Namely, a set of thickening system has two functions of filling and tailing paste stockpiling.
According to the method provided by the invention, the system is fully utilized, high-quality paste filling can be realized, and simultaneously, the paste discharging technology can be implemented. The method mainly has the following advantages: firstly, the whole combined treatment system consists of one or more wheel type sand bailing machines, a high-efficiency thickener, a double-vacuum disc type filter, a one-stage or multi-stage pump station, a deep cone thickener and stirring and conveying equipment. The large-flow low-concentration factory-selected full tailings are automatically flowed or pumped to a sand bailing machine, and after coarse sand is bailed, fine sand is divided into two parts. One part is directly filtered by a double vacuum filter for dry discharge, and the other part is completely injected into a deep cone thickener to prepare paste. When the paste is required to be discharged from the bottom of the deep cone thickener, the paste is directly conveyed to a tailing pond by a shear pump, and the paste can be directly loaded and drained by a digging machine after being precipitated. When the paste is required to be filled, the paste is directly conveyed to a stirrer by a shear pump, and the paste is uniformly mixed with cement and then automatically flows or is pumped to a stope or a subsidence area. Secondly, the sand bailing machine and the high-efficiency thickener greatly reduce the model selection and the operation cost of the deep cone thickener, and the process flow is simple, the concentration time is short, and the mortar concentration is uniform. Meanwhile, a continuous feeding and continuous discharging mode is adopted to realize the continuous operation of the concentration process, and the turbidity of the overflow water of the deep cone thickener can be reduced to below 20 NTU. Thirdly, the vertical mixer is simple in structure, mixes the tailings and the cement through a special blade design, and has the advantages of strong adaptability, stable preparation quality and continuous operation. Fourthly, the tailing discharge concentration can be improved to a slightly saturated state, the slurry discharge mode is changed into a paste discharge mode, and the stockpiling angle can be improved from 1 degree to 3 degrees. Meanwhile, the safety level of the tailing pond is improved, and the construction cost of the tailing pond is saved.
The method provided by the invention is suitable for large-particle materials with low tailing concentration, large tailing amount and more than 5% of diameter of more than 0.2mm in the tailing. The method has wide application prospect in various mine enterprises which generate whole tailings and have higher requirements on filling quality and environmental protection, such as nonferrous metals, noble metals, rare metals, gold, particularly iron ores and the like.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging disposal and paste disposal combined disposal method provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of an existing tailings disposal scheme for a mine in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a deep cone thickener and its associated shear delivery system;
wherein, 1-cone thickener cone pool, 2-cone thickener sidewall, 3-overflow weir, 4-mixing tank, 5-plunger pump, 6-overflow liquid pipeline, 61-water pipeline for dosing machine, 62-water pipeline for plunger pump, 63-ground cleaning pipeline, 7-first liquid outlet pipeline, 8-second liquid outlet pipeline, 81-first mixing tank liquid adding pipeline, 82-second mixing tank liquid adding pipeline, 83-third liquid outlet pipeline, 831-deep cone thickener sidewall liquid adding pipeline, 832-deep cone thickener bottom liquid adding pipeline, 833-underflow pump flushing pipeline, 834-fire fighting water pipeline, 835-machine water pipeline, 9-deep cone thickener underflow discharging pipeline, 91-first underflow pipeline, 92-second underflow pipeline, 921-to tailings pond transfer line, 922-to feedwell transfer line.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The invention provides a large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging disposal and paste disposal combined disposal method, aiming at the problems that the existing tailing treatment scheme is single, a tailing pond is saturated, full tailings cannot be effectively utilized and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a disposal flow chart of the method provided by the present invention, the whole tailings from the concentration plant are directly conveyed to a sand bailing machine, coarse sands are salvaged and drained or sold by adjusting the size of the sieve pores of the sand bailing machine, the remaining fine tailings are conveyed to a high-efficiency thickener, and simultaneously, a flocculant is sent to the high-efficiency thickener by a flocculant adding system to concentrate and dewater each path of wastewater from the concentration plant; and filtering one part of the fine tailings by a double vacuum filter for dry discharge, and concentrating one part of the fine tailings by a deep cone thickener to prepare paste for paste disposal. When the underflow paste of the deep cone thickener is discharged, the underflow paste can be conveyed to a tailing pond through a shear pump, and the underflow paste can be loaded and discharged by an excavator after being precipitated; when the paste is required to be filled or conveyed to the goaf, the underflow of the deep cone thickener can be pumped into the stirrer through the shear pump, meanwhile, the cement is conveyed into the stirrer through the cement adding system, the underflow and the cement are fully stirred, and the product obtained after stirring automatically flows or is pumped to the stope or the goaf for filling.
In the process, one part of overflow water of the deep cone thickener is conveyed to the high-level water tank, and the other part of overflow water is directly guided down by utilizing the height advantage of the deep cone thickener through holes on the side wall of the clear water layer and is used for flocculating agent dilution water, paste concentration adjustment of a stirrer, pipeline flushing, cooling water filling of an industrial pump and the like.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a deep cone thickener and a shearing and conveying system matched with the deep cone thickener in the technical scheme of the invention. Wherein, deep cone thickener top is equipped with overflow weir 3, and overflow weir 3 is connected with overflow liquid pipeline 6 in order to discharge overflow water, and overflow liquid pipeline 6 divide into three routes: the water pipe 61 for the chemical feeder, the water pipe 62 for the plunger pump, and the cleaning ground pipe 63, so that the overflow water is used for different purposes, wherein the water pipe 62 for the plunger pump supplies water to the plunger pump 5. At the clear water layer, the deep cone thickener side wall 2 is also respectively provided with a first liquid outlet pipeline 7 and a second liquid outlet pipeline 8(DN250), and the first liquid outlet pipeline 7 and the second liquid outlet pipeline 8 are respectively provided with a manual knife switch valve and a pneumatic valve. Wherein, the vertical distance between the communicating part of the first liquid outlet pipeline 7 and the deep cone thickener side wall 2 and the overflow weir 3 is 6m, and the vertical distance between the communicating part of the second liquid outlet pipeline 8 and the deep cone thickener side wall 2 and the overflow weir 3 is 1.5 m. First play liquid pipeline 7 and second play liquid pipeline 8 branch again for first agitator liquid feeding pipeline 81(DN250), second agitator liquid feeding pipeline 82(DN80) and third play liquid pipeline 83 after gathering, first agitator liquid feeding pipeline 81 and second agitator liquid feeding pipeline 82 are equallyd divide and are equipped with governing valve and flowmeter respectively. The third liquid outlet pipeline 83 is branched into a liquid adding pipeline 831 on the side wall of the deep cone thickener, a liquid adding pipeline 832 at the bottom of the deep cone thickener, an underflow pump flushing pipeline 833, a fire-fighting water pipeline 834 and a water pipeline 835 for maneuvering. Wherein, the liquid adding pipeline 831 on the side wall of the deep cone thickener is branched into 5 paths and is connected with the cone tank 1 of the deep cone thickener and the connecting part of the side wall 2 of the deep cone thickener so as to wash the silt at the bottom of the cone tank 1 of the cone thickener. The water pipeline 835 for the motor is provided with a liquid pump. A deep cone thickener underflow discharge pipeline 9 is arranged at the bottom of the deep cone thickener cone tank 1, an underflow pump is arranged on the deep cone thickener underflow discharge pipeline 9, the deep cone thickener underflow discharge pipeline 9 is branched into a first underflow pipeline 91 and a second underflow pipeline 92, wherein the first underflow pipeline 91 is communicated with the stirring barrel 4, and the underflow is conveyed to the stirring barrel 4; the second underflow line 92 may further branch into a tailings pond transfer line 921 and a feedwell transfer line 922 to feed the underflow to a tailings pond and a feedwell, respectively.
Examples
And (3) a stage grinding stage magnetic separation process is adopted for certain iron ore. The plant can expand energy in 2020, so that the scale of the whole tailings reaches 16000 tons/day. The current problems are that a tailing pond is close to saturation, the existing filtering system of a dressing plant cannot meet the capability of completely discharging all tailings in a dry mode, and no tailing filter is additionally arranged on the site. So that only about 6000 tonnes/day of tailings can be transported by the membrane pump to the tailings pond (concentration about 55% -60%). According to the physical properties of tailings, the concentration is obviously lower, and a tailing pond is at risk of dam break at any time. Meanwhile, due to years of mining, the earth surface has a large subsidence area. With the development of underground second-stage mining engineering, a cut-and-fill mining method is imminent. Because the wet discharge amount of the tailings is too large, the tailing pond is about to be saturated, and once the tailing pond is saturated, the construction of the tailing pond needs to be carried out by newly-characterized land for the tailing pond, which is a little expense. The dry discharging and paste disposal combined disposal method provided by the invention is used for modifying the conventional tailing treatment system, and schematic flows of filling before and after modification are shown in figures 2 and 3. The specific embodiments are described as follows:
firstly, a bailing machine and a high-efficiency thickener of an original filling system are reserved, and sieve pores of the bailing machine are adjusted to ensure that the fineness modulus of the bailing sand reaches the standard of fine sand and the bailing sand is sold. A deep cone thickener (matched shearing system), two mixers and two plunger pump conveying systems are additionally arranged. And (3) thickening and dehydrating the tailings which cannot be drained in a dry manner by a deep cone thickener to prepare a full-tailing paste, conveying the part of tailings to a stirrer through a shear pump when the tailings need to be filled, mixing the tailings with cement to prepare a qualified paste, and pumping the qualified paste to a stope or a subsidence area. When filling is not needed, the underflow is pumped to a tailing pond through a shear pump to be stockpiled with paste.
Secondly, when the tailings are used for discharging the paste, extra treatment is not needed, the ultrahigh concentration can be achieved through precipitation, and the field practice shows that the precipitation can be directly carried out after loading by a digging machine and then is drained in a dry mode.
After the existing tailing treatment scheme is transformed into a combined treatment scheme of dry discharge treatment and paste treatment, the superiority is summarized as follows:
(1) the maintenance cost of the tailing pond is greatly reduced, the service life of the tailing pond is greatly prolonged, and the safety of the tailing pond is improved.
The paste tailings are directly pumped to the subsidence area and the dead area, so that the investment cost of a newly-built tailing pond is saved for a mine, only one cost is saved by 4286 ten thousand, and the project construction period is greatly shortened.
(2) The separation of the tailing pond is reduced, the fluidity of the precipitated tailings is poor, and the tailings can be directly loaded by a digging machine and then drained in a dry mode.
Due to high filling concentration, the segregation phenomenon of the filling material is reduced, and the fillingThe strength uniformity is good. And the underground dehydration is less, and the underground environmental pollution is reduced. If the paste is adopted for filling, the annual filling amount is 150 ten thousand meters3The concentration is increased from 60 percent to 70 percent, and the underground water discharge is reduced by about 44.96 ten thousand meters3。
(3) Increase the storage capacity of the tailing pond and reduce land acquisition cost
The tailing discharge concentration is improved from 55 percent to over 72 percent. The stacking angle of the tailings is increased, and the service life of a tailing pond is prolonged. According to engineering analogy, the same tailing pond occupies the ground, and the storage capacity can be improved by three times through conservative estimation. Meanwhile, the safety level of the tailing pond is improved, the significance is great, and the construction cost of the tailing pond is saved for the mine.
The backwater of the tailing pond is changed into the backwater before the factory, so that the evaporation capacity is reduced, and the recovery rate of water resources is improved. The deep-cone dense overflow water can be directly used as production water. The emission concentration is increased from 55% to 72%, and 2592t/d of direct return water before the plant is increased. The price of water is 4 yuan/m3In terms of the price of the recovered water, the cost is considerable, and the comprehensive cost of the paste discharge in the method provided by the invention is greatly lower than that of the traditional wet discharge.
(4) Good social benefit
The full-tail paste filling mining method is environment-friendly, can reduce the discharge of tailings to the maximum extent, reduces the pollution and the damage of the environment, and has a prospect as an important measure for realizing 'green mines'.
The combined treatment scheme and the original scheme provided by the embodiment are combined with the economic benefit pair as shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison table of two technical schemes and economy
As can be seen from Table 1, the secondary concentrated paste disposal is performed by adopting the combined disposal method of the tailing dry-discharge disposal and the paste disposal, which is provided by the invention, so that the early investment is low, the construction period is short, and the annual operation and maintenance cost is lower. The economic benefit of the scheme provided by the invention is far better than that of the existing scheme. Therefore, the combined treatment method for the dry discharge treatment of the tailings and the treatment of the paste provided by the invention not only prolongs the service life of the tailing pond and increases the safety level of the tailing pond, but also can provide filling materials for secondary mining, thereby greatly improving the economic and social benefits.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A large-scale low-concentration tailing dry-discharging treatment and paste treatment combined treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) automatically flowing or pumping the whole tailings to a sand bailing machine, and screening to obtain fine tailings; automatically flowing or pumping the fine tailings to a high-efficiency thickener, and automatically flowing or pumping the bottom flow of the high-efficiency thickener to an ore box of a disc type double-vacuum filter and an ore box of a pump station;
(2) for the underflow of the high-efficiency thickener which flows automatically or is pumped to the ore box of the disc type double-vacuum filter, dry discharge is obtained after double-vacuum drying, and the wastewater is conveyed to the high-efficiency thickener; meanwhile, a flocculating agent adding system sends a flocculating agent into the high-efficiency thickener for flocculating settling, and then the sediment is concentrated and dehydrated;
(3) the underflow which flows automatically or is pumped to a pump station ore box high-efficiency thickener is conveyed to a deep cone thickener through a pump station to be concentrated into paste;
(4) treating the paste obtained in the step (3) with (a) or (b): (a) when the paste needs to be discharged, discharging the paste to a tailing pond through a shear pump, and performing dry discharge by using a digging machine after precipitation; (b) when filling is needed, the paste body is automatically flowed or sheared and pumped to a stirring barrel, cement is added by a cement adding system, the paste body and the cement are fully stirred, and a product obtained by stirring is automatically flowed or pumped to a mining area and/or a subsidence area for filling.
2. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the bailing machine is a wheel type bailing machine.
3. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the overflow water generated by the high-efficiency thickener is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: conveying to a high-level pond of a selected factory, using for the water of the flocculant adding system, using for the water of the stirrer, using for the water of pipeline cleaning and using as cooling water for filling an industrial pump.
4. The combined large scale low tailings dry discharge disposal and slurry disposal method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the flocculant addition system comprises a dissolution tank and a metering pump.
5. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the overflow water generated by the deep cone thickener is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: conveying the water to a high-water-level tank of a selected factory, using the water for the flocculant adding system, using the water for the stirrer, using the water for pipeline cleaning and using the water as cooling water for filling an industrial pump;
preferably, at least one liquid outlet pipeline is arranged on the side wall of the clear water layer of the deep cone thickener, and water discharged by the liquid outlet pipeline is treated according to one or more of the following treatment modes: the water-cooling agent is used for diluting water for flocculating agent, water for mixer, water for diluting paste concentration, pipeline flushing, fire-fighting water, pump flushing, deep cone thickener cleaning and cooling water for filling industrial pump.
6. The combined treatment method of dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), coarse aggregate, fine aggregate or admixture can be added as required during the stirring process of the stirrer;
preferably, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the admixture are added into the mixer through a coarse aggregate adding system, a fine aggregate adding system and an admixture adding system respectively.
Preferably, the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the additive are respectively stored in a coarse aggregate bin, a fine aggregate bin and an additive bin; preferably, the coarse aggregate and the fine aggregate are fed into the stirrer through a disc feeder and a belt weigher, and the addition amount is controlled by the belt weigher; preferably, the additive is conveyed into the stirrer through a screw conveyer, and the addition amount is controlled by a micro-powder scale.
7. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 6, wherein the coarse aggregate is crushed stone, water-quenched slag or gobi aggregate, and the size of the coarse aggregate is 2mm to 20 mm;
preferably, the fine aggregate is stock tailings or rod mill sand, and the size of the fine aggregate is 0.2mm-2 mm.
8. The combined treatment method for dry discharge of large-scale low-concentration tailings and treatment of paste according to claim 6, wherein the additive is a pumping aid, a retarder, an accelerator or fly ash.
9. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the cement adding system comprises a cement bin and a screw conveyor;
preferably, a dust remover is arranged at the top of the cement bin;
preferably, the screw conveyor is used for metering and conveying cement.
10. The combined treatment method for dry discharge and paste disposal of large-scale low-concentration tailings according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the product obtained by stirring flows automatically or is pumped to a mining area and/or a subsidence area through a filling industrial pump for filling.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113982683A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Solidifying and piling method and system for building material mine sand washing mud |
| CN114109487A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-01 | 北京科技大学 | Coarse fraction full tailing paste filling method |
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2021
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113982683A (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2022-01-28 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Solidifying and piling method and system for building material mine sand washing mud |
| CN114109487A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-03-01 | 北京科技大学 | Coarse fraction full tailing paste filling method |
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