CN111188836A - Back-winding type permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing - Google Patents
Back-winding type permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN111188836A CN111188836A CN202010095959.3A CN202010095959A CN111188836A CN 111188836 A CN111188836 A CN 111188836A CN 202010095959 A CN202010095959 A CN 202010095959A CN 111188836 A CN111188836 A CN 111188836A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
- F16C32/04—Bearings not otherwise provided for using magnetic or electric supporting means
- F16C32/0406—Magnetic bearings
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Magnetic Bearings And Hydrostatic Bearings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing which comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor, a first axial stator, a second axial stator, a sleeve, a radial stator iron core magnetic yoke, a first permanent magnet ring, a second permanent magnet ring and an axial control winding support. A rotor is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, a radial stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotor and is opposite to the rotor, an axial control winding is arranged in an inner cavity of the axial control winding support, stator magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction extend from the inner cavity wall of the radial stator core to the axis, and a radial control winding is wound in a tooth slot of the radial stator core; the two sides of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke are provided with a first permanent magnet ring and a second permanent magnet ring which are magnetized in the axial direction, the N poles of the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring face the axial stator, and the S poles of the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring face the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke. The invention has the advantages of uniform air gap magnetic field in the axial direction and the radial direction, low power consumption, small volume, light weight, large bearing capacity, little end magnetic leakage and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a magnetic suspension bearing, in particular to a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing, and belongs to the technical field of magnetic suspension.
Background
As early as 1842, easnshaw was studied and discussed on magnetic bearing technology, which is based on the principle of contactless support of a rotating shaft by means of magnetic field forces between a stator core and a rotor core. Because there is no mechanical contact between the stator and the rotor, the magnetic suspension bearing has the following advantages:
1. can withstand extremely high rotational speeds. The rotating shaft supported by the magnetic suspension bearing can run under the working condition of supercritical and hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute, and the peripheral speed of the rotating shaft is only limited by the strength of the material of the rotating shaft. In general, the rotational speeds achievable with a rotating shaft supported by magnetic bearings are approximately 2 times higher than with a rotating shaft supported by rolling bearings and approximately 3 times higher than with a rotating shaft supported by sliding bearings, for the same journal diameter. The German FAG company has the following results by tests: the dn value of the rolling bearing, namely the product of the average diameter of the bearing and the limit rotating speed of the main shaft, is about 2.5-3 x 106mm r/min, the dn value of the sliding bearing is about 0.8-2 x 106mm r/min, and the dn value of the magnetic suspension bearing is about 4-6 x 106mm r/min.
2. The friction power consumption is small. At 10000r/min, the power consumption of the magnetic suspension bearing is only about 6 percent of that of a hydrodynamic lubrication bearing and only 17 percent of that of a rolling bearing, and the energy-saving effect is obvious.
3. Long service life and low maintenance cost. Because the magnetic suspension bearing depends on the magnetic field force to suspend the rotating shaft, and no mechanical contact exists between the stator and the rotor, the service life problem caused by friction, abrasion and contact fatigue does not exist, so the service life and the reliability of the magnetic suspension bearing are far higher than those of the traditional mechanical bearing.
4. No lubricant is added. Because there is not mechanical friction between stator, rotor, do not need to add the lubricant while working, therefore there is not pollution problem that the lubricant causes to the environment, in forbid using lubricant and forbid the occasion of polluting, such as the vacuum apparatus, ultra-clean sterile chamber, etc., the magnetic suspension bearing has incomparable advantage.
Magnetic suspension bearings can be divided into three types, namely permanent magnet type, electromagnetic bias type and permanent magnet bias type, according to different magnetic field establishment modes.
The permanent magnet type magnetic suspension bearing mainly utilizes the inherent repulsion force or attraction force between magnetic materials (such as between permanent magnet materials and between the permanent magnet materials and soft magnetic materials) to realize the suspension of a rotating shaft, and has the advantages of simple structure, less energy loss, and smaller rigidity and damping.
The electromagnetic bias type magnetic suspension bearing establishes a bias magnetic field in an air gap by a bias winding which is connected with direct current, establishes a control magnetic field in the air gap by a control winding which is connected with alternating current the size and direction of which are controlled in real time, generates magnetic field suction force the size and direction of which can be actively controlled by superposition and offset of the two magnetic fields in the air gap, and further realizes stable suspension of a rotor.
The permanent magnet bias type magnetic suspension bearing adopts a permanent magnet material to replace a bias coil to generate a required bias magnetic field, can greatly reduce the energy loss of the magnetic suspension bearing, and puts forward higher and higher requirements on the aspects of power consumption, volume, performance and the like of the magnetic suspension bearing along with the wide application of the magnetic suspension bearing technology in the fields of aerospace, energy storage, energy conversion and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing is simple in structure, small in size, light in weight, low in energy consumption and low in end magnetic leakage.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing comprises a rotating shaft, a rotor, a first axial stator, a second axial stator, a sleeve, a radial stator iron core magnetic yoke, a first permanent magnet ring, a second permanent magnet ring and an axial control winding support;
the rotor is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft, the radial stator is arranged on the outer side of the rotor and is opposite to the rotor, the radial stator comprises a plurality of identical radial stator iron core magnetic poles, the plurality of radial stator iron core magnetic poles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the radial stator, two radial control windings are wound in each tooth slot of the radial stator, all the radial control windings are identical, and a radial air gap exists between the radial stator iron core magnetic poles and the outer wall of the rotor in the radial direction;
the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke is arranged on the outer side of the radial stator and is symmetrical relative to the radial stator; the first axial stator and the second axial stator are the same in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the radial stator, an axial air gap is formed between the first axial stator and one end face of the rotor in the axial direction, and an axial air gap is formed between the second axial stator and the other end face of the rotor in the axial direction; the two sides of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke are respectively provided with a first permanent magnet ring and a second permanent magnet ring which are axially magnetized, the inner diameters of the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring are consistent with the inner diameter of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke, and the outer diameters of the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring are consistent with the outer diameter of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke;
the sleeve is arranged between the first axial stator and the second axial stator, and the outer diameter of the sleeve is consistent with that of the first axial stator and that of the second axial stator; the axial control winding support is arranged between the radial stator core magnetic yoke and the sleeve, the outer diameter of the axial control winding support is consistent with the inner diameter of the sleeve, and the inner diameter of the axial control winding support is consistent with the outer diameter of the radial stator core magnetic yoke; two axial control windings are arranged in the inner cavity of the axial control winding support.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the radial air gap and the axial air gap have the same width.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first permanent magnet ring and the second permanent magnet ring are axially magnetized, and the N pole of the first permanent magnet ring faces the first axial stator, the S pole faces the radial stator core yoke, the N pole of the second permanent magnet ring faces the second axial stator, and the S pole faces the radial stator core yoke.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the bias magnetic field generated by the first permanent magnet ring is a magnetic loop flowing out from the N pole of the first permanent magnet ring and returning to the S pole of the first permanent magnet ring through the first axial stator, the axial air gap, the rotor, the radial air gap, the radial stator, and the radial stator core yoke; the bias magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet ring flows out from the N pole of the second permanent magnet ring and returns to the magnetic loop of the S pole of the second permanent magnet ring through the second axial stator, the axial air gap, the rotor, the radial air gap, the radial stator and the magnetic yoke of the radial stator iron core.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the current is applied to the axial control winding, a magnetic circuit generated in the sleeve, the first axial stator, the axial air gap, the rotor, and the second axial stator is an axial control magnetic field.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the radial control winding is energized, a magnetic circuit generated by the radial stator core yoke, the radial stator, the radial air gap, and the rotor is a radial control magnetic field.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. the invention utilizes the permanent magnet rings to establish a bias magnetic field in the air gap, realizes the stable suspension of the rotor in the radial direction by utilizing the interaction between the radial stator and the rotor, and realizes the stable suspension of the rotor in the axial direction by utilizing the interaction between the axial stator and the rotor. The radial control winding is wound on the tooth socket, and compared with a traditional structure wound on a magnetic pole, the magnetic leakage of the end part is reduced, so that the influence of a radial control magnetic field on an axial magnetic field is reduced.
2. The invention has the advantages of uniform air gap magnetic field in the axial direction and the radial direction, low power consumption, small volume, light weight, large bearing capacity, little end magnetic leakage and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure and magnetic circuit of a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the rotor and the radial stator in the axial direction.
Fig. 3 is a front view of the first or second axial stator.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the first or second axial stator in the axial direction.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional view of a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention.
The magnetic control device comprises a rotating shaft 1, a rotor 2, a first axial stator 31, a second axial stator 32, a sleeve 4, a radial stator 5, a radial stator core magnetic pole 51, 52, 53 and 54, a radial stator core magnetic yoke 6, a first permanent magnet ring 71, a second permanent magnet ring 72, an axial control winding support 8, an axial control winding 91 and 92, a radial control winding 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107 and 108, a bias magnetic field 111 and 112, an axial control magnetic field 12, a radial control magnetic field 13, an axial air gap 14 and a radial air gap 15.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention includes a rotating shaft 1, a rotating shaft 2, a first axial stator 31, a second axial stator 32, a sleeve 4, a radial stator 5, a radial stator core yoke 6, a first permanent magnet ring 71, a second permanent magnet ring 72, and an axial control winding support 8. Wherein the radial stator 5 comprises radial stator core poles 51, 52, 53, 54, radial control windings 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108. The second axial stator 32 is identical to the first axial stator 31. The inner cavity of the axial control winding bracket 8 is respectively provided with axial control windings 91 and 92; the first and second axial stators 31, 32 have an axial air gap 14 between them and the end face of the rotor 2 in the axial direction; the inner cavity wall of the radial stator 5 extends to the axis to form a plurality of radial stator core magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, such as four radial stator core magnetic poles and four same radial stator cores, wherein the same radial control winding is wound in each tooth slot of the radial stator, and a radial air gap 15 is formed between each radial stator core magnetic pole and the outer wall of the rotor 2 in the radial direction; annular first and second permanent magnet rings 71 and 72 which are axially magnetized are respectively arranged on two sides of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke 6, the N pole of the first permanent magnet ring 71 faces the first axial stator 31, the N pole of the second permanent magnet ring 72 faces the second axial stator 32, and the S poles of the first permanent magnet ring 71 and the second permanent magnet ring 72 face the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke 6; the sleeve 4 is disposed between the first axial stator 31 and the second axial stator 32.
As shown in fig. 2, the radial stator 5 is formed by four identical radial stator core poles 51, 52, 53, 54 coupled together. The four identical radial stator core poles 51, 52, 53, 54 extend from the inner cavity wall of the radial stator 5 toward the axial center and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the radial stator 5. The radial stator core poles 51, 52, 53, 54 leave a radial air gap 15 between them in the radial direction and the outer wall of the rotor 2. Identical radial control windings 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108 are wound in slots of the radial stator 5.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second axial stator 32 and the first axial stator 31 have the same inner diameter, the second axial stator 32 and the first axial stator 31 have the same outer diameter, and the second axial stator 32 and the first axial stator 31 have the axial air gap 14 between the end face of the rotor 2 and the axial direction.
The invention generates bias magnetic fields 111, 112 (solid magnetic paths with arrows in figure 1) by two permanent magnet rings 71, 72, the bias magnetic fields 111, 112 flow out from N poles of the permanent magnet rings 71, 72, and return to magnetic loops of S poles of the permanent magnet rings 71, 72 through axial stators 31, 32, axial air gaps 14, a rotor 2, a radial air gap 15, a radial stator 5 and a radial stator iron core magnetic yoke 6, and the magnetic loops replace magnetic bearings which adopt electromagnetic coils to generate bias magnetic fields, thereby obviously reducing power loss.
The invention supplies current to the axial control windings 91 and 92, a magnetic loop generated by the sleeve 4, the first axial stator 31, the axial air gap 14, the rotor 2 and the second axial stator 32 is an axial control magnetic field (a dotted line magnetic circuit with arrows passing through the axial stator discs 31 and 32 in fig. 1), the axial control magnetic field 12 is synthesized with the bias magnetic fields 111 and 112 in the axial air gap 14, and the magnitude of the magnetic field of the axial air gap 14 is adjusted, so that the magnitude and the direction of the axial suspension force are adjusted, and the stable suspension of the rotor is realized.
The invention supplies current to the radial control windings (101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108), generates a radial control magnetic field 13 (a dotted magnetic circuit with an arrow in figure 2) in the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke 6, the radial stator 5, the radial air gap 15 and the rotor 2, and the radial control magnetic field 13 is synthesized with the bias magnetic fields 111, 112 in the radial air gap 15, and adjusts the magnitude of the magnetic field of the radial air gap 15, thereby adjusting the magnitude and the direction of the radial suspension force and realizing the stable suspension of the rotor.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional perspective view of a back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing of the present invention.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing is characterized by comprising a rotating shaft (1), a rotor (2), a first axial stator (31), a second axial stator (32), a sleeve (4), a radial stator (5), a radial stator iron core magnetic yoke (6), a first permanent magnet ring (71), a second permanent magnet ring (72) and an axial control winding support (8);
the rotor (2) is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the rotating shaft (1), the radial stator (5) is arranged on the outer side of the rotor (2) and is opposite to the rotor (2), the radial stator (5) comprises a plurality of identical radial stator iron core magnetic poles, the plurality of radial stator iron core magnetic poles are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the radial stator (5), two radial control windings are wound in each tooth slot of the radial stator (5), all the radial control windings are identical, and a radial air gap (15) exists between the radial stator iron core magnetic poles and the outer wall of the rotor (2) in the radial direction;
the radial stator core magnetic yoke (6) is arranged on the outer side of the radial stator (5) and is symmetrical relative to the radial stator (5); the first axial stator (31) and the second axial stator (32) are identical in structure and symmetrically arranged on two sides of the radial stator (5), an axial air gap (14) is formed between the first axial stator (31) and one end face of the rotor (2) in the axial direction, and an axial air gap (14) is formed between the second axial stator (32) and the other end face of the rotor (2) in the axial direction; the two sides of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke (6) are respectively provided with a first permanent magnet ring (71) and a second permanent magnet ring (72) which are axially magnetized, the inner diameters of the first permanent magnet ring (71) and the second permanent magnet ring (72) are consistent with the inner diameter of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke (6), and the outer diameters of the first permanent magnet ring (71) and the second permanent magnet ring (72) are consistent with the outer diameter of the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke (6);
the sleeve (4) is arranged between the first axial stator (31) and the second axial stator (32), and the outer diameter of the sleeve (4) is consistent with the outer diameters of the first axial stator (31) and the second axial stator (32); the axial control winding support (8) is arranged between the radial stator core magnetic yoke (6) and the sleeve (4), the outer diameter of the axial control winding support (8) is consistent with the inner diameter of the sleeve (4), and the inner diameter of the axial control winding support (8) is consistent with the outer diameter of the radial stator core magnetic yoke (6); two axial control windings are arranged in the inner cavity of the axial control winding support (8).
2. Back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, characterised in that the radial air gap (15) is of equal width to the axial air gap (14).
3. Back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the first permanent magnet ring (71) and the second permanent magnet ring (72) are axially magnetized in each direction, and the N pole of the first permanent magnet ring (71) faces the first axial stator (31) and the S pole faces the radial stator core yoke (6), and the N pole of the second permanent magnet ring (72) faces the second axial stator (32) and the S pole faces the radial stator core yoke (6).
4. Back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the bias magnetic field generated by the first permanent magnet ring (71) is a magnetic loop flowing from the N-pole of the first permanent magnet ring (71), through the first axial stator (31), the axial air gap (14), the rotor (2), the radial air gap (15), the radial stator (5), the radial stator core yoke (6) back to the S-pole of the first permanent magnet ring (71); the bias magnetic field generated by the second permanent magnet ring (72) flows out from the N pole of the second permanent magnet ring (72), and returns to the S pole of the second permanent magnet ring (72) through the second axial stator (32), the axial air gap (14), the rotor (2), the radial air gap (15), the radial stator (5) and the radial stator iron core magnetic yoke (6).
5. Back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic circuit generated by the sleeve (4), the first axial stator (31), the axial air gap (14), the rotor (2) and the second axial stator (32) is an axial control magnetic field after the axial control winding is energized.
6. The back-wound permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing according to claim 1, wherein after the radial control winding is electrified, a magnetic circuit generated by the radial stator core yoke (6), the radial stator (5), the radial air gap (15) and the rotor (2) is a radial control magnetic field.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010095959.3A CN111188836A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Back-winding type permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010095959.3A CN111188836A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Back-winding type permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111188836A true CN111188836A (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010095959.3A Pending CN111188836A (en) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Back-winding type permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing |
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| CN (1) | CN111188836A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5095237A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1992-03-10 | Nova Corporation Of Alberta | Sectoral core for magnetic bearing |
| JPH0742737A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Ntn Corp | Superconductive magnetic bearing device |
| JP2001224154A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-17 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for multipole magnetically levitating rotation |
| US7038341B1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-02 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Magnetic suspension bearing with damping system |
| CN102305242A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-01-04 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial three-degree-of-freedom alternating current-direct current hybrid magnetic bearing |
| JP6069693B2 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2017-02-01 | 株式会社明電舎 | 3-axis active control type magnetic bearing |
| CN109505866A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-22 | 湖景创新有限公司 | Active radial direction magnetic bearing with yoke winding |
| CN110748562A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-02-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Surrounding permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing |
-
2020
- 2020-02-17 CN CN202010095959.3A patent/CN111188836A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5095237A (en) * | 1990-03-20 | 1992-03-10 | Nova Corporation Of Alberta | Sectoral core for magnetic bearing |
| JPH0742737A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-02-10 | Ntn Corp | Superconductive magnetic bearing device |
| JP2001224154A (en) * | 2000-02-10 | 2001-08-17 | Japan Science & Technology Corp | Method and apparatus for multipole magnetically levitating rotation |
| US7038341B1 (en) * | 2004-11-04 | 2006-05-02 | Industrial Technology Research Institute | Magnetic suspension bearing with damping system |
| CN102305242A (en) * | 2011-08-15 | 2012-01-04 | 江苏大学 | Radial-axial three-degree-of-freedom alternating current-direct current hybrid magnetic bearing |
| JP6069693B2 (en) * | 2012-09-05 | 2017-02-01 | 株式会社明電舎 | 3-axis active control type magnetic bearing |
| CN109505866A (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-22 | 湖景创新有限公司 | Active radial direction magnetic bearing with yoke winding |
| CN110748562A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-02-04 | 南京航空航天大学 | Surrounding permanent magnet biased axial-radial magnetic suspension bearing |
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