CN111187096A - 一种轻型保温复合硅钙复合板 - Google Patents
一种轻型保温复合硅钙复合板 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate;sodium Chemical group [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GVGUFUZHNYFZLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940080264 sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000006750 UV protection Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/30—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing magnesium cements or similar cements
- C04B28/32—Magnesium oxychloride cements, e.g. Sorel cement
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
- E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
- E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/20—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the density
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
- C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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Abstract
本发明公开一种轻型保温硅钙复合板,由外层和内层两种结构组成,本发明的轻型保温复合硅钙复合板利用当地丰富煤矿资源产生的废料粉煤灰和植物秸秆制作而成,做到废物利用,有利于环保。本发明生产出来的轻型保温硅钙复合板采用粉石英、石英砂、砂光粉等无机物为主要原料,具有强度高、耐老化、抗紫外线、耐水性好、防火保温等优点,用途广泛,无毒副作用,无公害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轻型保温复合硅钙复合板,属于新型墙体材料的技术领域。
背景技术
硅钙板又称石膏复合板,是一种多元材料,一般由天然石膏粉、白水泥、胶水、玻璃纤维复合而成。 具有防火、防潮、隔音、隔热等性能,在室内空气潮湿的情况下能吸引空气中 水分子、空气干燥时,又能释放水分子,可以适当调节室内干、湿度、增加舒适感。 天然石膏 制品又是特级防火材料,在火焰中能产生吸热反应,同时,释放出水分子阻止火势蔓延,而且不会分解产生任何有毒的、侵蚀性的、令人窒息的气体,也不会产生任何助燃物或烟气。
目前生产出来的硅钙板存在易老化、尺寸稳定性差、结构不合理、保温性能差等缺点。 近来,建筑物火灾频繁发生,使人们对保温材料的防火性能提出了更高的要求,粉煤灰和电石泥适用于制作防火型保温材料,利用电石渣和粉煤灰生产外墙外保温板,可利用工业废弃物电石渣和粉煤灰,有利于节约资源、保护环境,,并为新型墙体材料领域开发新的产品。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种轻型保温复合硅钙复合板,其由外层和内层两种结构组成,具有保温隔热、耐老化、强度好、节约环保等优点。
为达到以上目的,本发明采用如下技术方案 :
一种轻型保温硅钙复合板,其特征在于,其由表层和内层两种结构组成,其两种结构组成原料的重量份分别为 :
表层 :
粉煤灰 30-40、石英砂 10-15、砂光粉 5-10、电石泥 10-15、氧化镁 20-30、氯化镁15-20、 水泥 30-40、改性珍珠岩粉 10-20、玻璃纤维 2-5,
所述的改性珍珠岩由下述方法制得 :将珍珠岩粉加入高速捏合机中, 预热干燥至100-120℃,再加入 2-3% 氨水和 0.2-0.5% 硅烷偶联剂 WD-70 搅拌 20-30min,烘干研磨成 200-250 目粉末即可,其中高速捏合机搅拌时转速为 800-1000r/min,
内层 :
煤矸石粉 40-50、矿渣 20-30、粉石英 20-25、稻壳 10-20、植物秸秆 20-30、硫铝酸盐水泥 20-30、改性铝矾土 10-15、发泡剂 5-8,
所述的改性铝矾土由下述方法制得 :铝矾土、轻烧氧化镁粉和铝矾土尖晶石按 1-2 :1-2 :1 重量比例混合均匀,在 700-800℃下煅烧 3-4h, 后研磨成 200-300 目粉末,拌入相当 于粉体重量 1-2% 的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,烘干,粉碎成粉末即可。
所述的轻型保温硅钙复合板的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步 骤 :
( 1) 先将植物秸秆投入粉碎机内进行粉碎,颗粒控制在 2-3mm ;
( 2) 按表层配方配比将粉煤灰、石英砂、砂光粉等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均匀,形 成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 30-40% 的水搅拌混合制成表层浆料备用 ;
( 3) 按内层配方配比将煤矸石粉、矿渣、粉石英、稻壳等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均 匀,形成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 35-45% 的水搅拌混合制成混合浆料, 充分搅拌形成坯料, 将坯料注入模具中并在 40-45℃适温固化,固化后板材坯体送入干燥 窑内, 在 120-130℃温度下干燥至含水率< 5%,制成内层发泡板块 ;
( 4) 先在模板上铺一层表层浆料,将制作好的内层发泡板块放在上面,板块之间留有20-25 厘米的距离,将表层浆料灌入板块之间的空隙,内层发泡板块表层覆盖上一层表层浆 料,前后面都覆盖上一层表层浆料,自然凝固定型,再置入 50-65℃的恒温室进行湿化养护, 即可制成可以作为墙体材料的轻型保温硅钙复合板。
所述的高速混合机的转速为 150-200r/min。
所述的发泡剂为 十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
本发明具有以下有益效果 :本发明的轻型保温复合硅钙复合板利用当地丰富煤矿资源产生的废料粉煤灰和植物 秸秆制作而成,做到废物利用,有利于环保。 本发明生产出来的轻型保温复合硅钙复合板是 由外层和内层两种结构组成,采用粉石英、石英砂、砂光粉等无机物为主要原料,具有强度 高、耐老化、抗紫外线、耐水性好、防火保温等优点,用途广泛,无毒副作用,无公害。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
实施例
一种轻型保温硅钙复合板,其特征在于,其由表层和内层两种结构组成,其两种结构组 成原料的重量份分别为 :
表层 :
粉煤灰 30-40、石英砂 10-15、砂光粉 5-10、电石泥 10-15、氧化镁 20-30、氯化镁15-20、 水泥 30-40、改性珍珠岩粉 10-20、玻璃纤维 2-5,
所述的改性珍珠岩由下述方法制得 :将珍珠岩粉加入高速捏合机中, 预热干燥至100-120℃,再加入 2-3% 氨水和 0.2-0.5% 硅烷偶联剂 WD-70 搅拌 20-30min,烘干研磨成 200-250 目粉末即可,其中高速捏合机搅拌时转速为 800-1000r/min,
内层 :
煤矸石粉 40-50、矿渣 20-30、粉石英 20-25、稻壳 10-20、植物秸秆 20-30、硫铝酸盐水泥 20-30、改性铝矾土 10-15、发泡剂 5-8,
所述的改性铝矾土由下述方法制得 :铝矾土、轻烧氧化镁粉和铝矾土尖晶石按 1-2 :1-2 :1 重量比例混合均匀,在 700-800℃下煅烧 3-4h, 后研磨成 200-300 目粉末,拌入相当 于粉体重量 1-2% 的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,烘干,粉碎成粉末即可。
所述的轻型保温硅钙复合板的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步 骤 :
( 1) 先将植物秸秆投入粉碎机内进行粉碎,颗粒控制在 2-3mm ;
( 2) 按表层配方配比将粉煤灰、石英砂、砂光粉等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均匀,形 成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 30-40% 的水搅拌混合制成表层浆料备用 ;
( 3) 按内层配方配比将煤矸石粉、矿渣、粉石英、稻壳等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均 匀,形成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 35-45% 的水搅拌混合制成混合浆料, 充分搅拌形成坯料, 将坯料注入模具中并在 40-45℃适温固化,固化后板材坯体送入干燥 窑内, 在 120-130℃温度下干燥至含水率< 5%,制成内层发泡板块 ;
( 4) 先在模板上铺一层表层浆料,将制作好的内层发泡板块放在上面,板块之间留有20-25 厘米的距离,将表层浆料灌入板块之间的空隙,内层发泡板块表层覆盖上一层表层浆 料,前后面都覆盖上一层表层浆料,自然凝固定型,再置入 50-65℃的恒温室进行湿化养护, 即可制成可以作为墙体材料的轻型保温硅钙复合板。
其中,所述的高速混合机的转速为 180r/min。
发泡剂为 十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
本实施例所制的轻型保温硅钙复合板各项性能指标是 : 比重 ( g/cm3) :0.79,导热系数 w/(w·k) :0.18, 防火温度 ( ℃) :-20-400, 抗压强度 ( MPa) :9.16, 抗拉强度 ( MPa) :3.2 静曲强度 ( Mpa) :8.24 质量损失率不大于 5%,强度损失率不大于20%。
Claims (4)
1.一种轻型保温硅钙复合板,其特征在于,其由表层和内层两种结构组成,其两种结构组成原料的重量份分别为 :
表层 :
粉煤灰 30-40、石英砂 10-15、砂光粉 5-10、电石泥 10-15、氧化镁 20-30、氯化镁15-20、 水泥 30-40、改性珍珠岩粉 10-20、玻璃纤维 2-5,
所述的改性珍珠岩由下述方法制得 :将珍珠岩粉加入高速捏合机中, 预热干燥至100-120℃,再加入 2-3% 氨水和 0.2-0.5% 硅烷偶联剂 WD-70 搅拌 20-30min,烘干研磨成 200-250 目粉末即可,其中高速捏合机搅拌时转速为 800-1000r/min,
内层 :
煤矸石粉 40-50、矿渣 20-30、粉石英 20-25、稻壳 10-20、植物秸秆 20-30、硫铝酸盐水泥 20-30、改性铝矾土 10-15、发泡剂 5-8,
所述的改性铝矾土由下述方法制得 :铝矾土、轻烧氧化镁粉和铝矾土尖晶石按 1-2 :1-2 :1 重量比例混合均匀,在 700-800℃下煅烧 3-4h, 后研磨成 200-300 目粉末,拌入相当 于粉体重量 1-2% 的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮搅拌均匀,烘干,粉碎成粉末即可。
2. 一种如权利要求 1 所述的轻型保温硅钙复合板的制备方法,其特征在于包括以下步 骤 :
( 1) 先将植物秸秆投入粉碎机内进行粉碎,颗粒控制在 2-3mm ;
( 2) 按表层配方配比将粉煤灰、石英砂、砂光粉等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均匀,形 成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 30-40% 的水搅拌混合制成表层浆料备用 ;
( 3) 按内层配方配比将煤矸石粉、矿渣、粉石英、稻壳等原料输入高速混合机内搅拌均 匀,形成混合料,再在混合料加入原料组分总重量的 35-45% 的水搅拌混合制成混合浆料, 充分搅拌形成坯料, 将坯料注入模具中并在 40-45℃适温固化,固化后板材坯体送入干燥 窑内, 在 120-130℃温度下干燥至含水率< 5%,制成内层发泡板块 ;
( 4) 先在模板上铺一层表层浆料,将制作好的内层发泡板块放在上面,板块之间留有20-25 厘米的距离,将表层浆料灌入板块之间的空隙,内层发泡板块表层覆盖上一层表层浆 料,前后面都覆盖上一层表层浆料,自然凝固定型,再置入 50-65℃的恒温室进行湿化养护, 即可制成可以作为墙体材料的轻型保温硅钙复合板。
3. 根据权利要求 2 所述的轻型保温硅钙复合板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的高速 混合机的转速为 150-200r/min。
4. 根据权利要求 2 所述的轻型保温硅钙复合板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的发泡 剂为 十二烷基苯磺酸钠。
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