CN111173582B - Continuous power generation device and method using organic working medium pump-free circulation - Google Patents
Continuous power generation device and method using organic working medium pump-free circulation Download PDFInfo
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- CN111173582B CN111173582B CN202010089602.4A CN202010089602A CN111173582B CN 111173582 B CN111173582 B CN 111173582B CN 202010089602 A CN202010089602 A CN 202010089602A CN 111173582 B CN111173582 B CN 111173582B
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011555 saturated liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B23/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01B23/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B29/00—Machines or engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in preceding main groups
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K9/00—Plants characterised by condensers arranged or modified to co-operate with the engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B3/00—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F22B3/04—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators
- F22B3/045—Other methods of steam generation; Steam boilers not provided for in other groups of this subclass by drop in pressure of high-pressure hot water within pressure- reducing chambers, e.g. in accumulators the drop in pressure being achieved by compressors, e.g. with steam jet pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
A continuous power generation device and a method using organic working medium pump-free circulation belong to the technical field of low-temperature heat source power generation and are used for converting heat energy of a heat source within the temperature range of 70-400 ℃ into electric energy through power circulation. The device is driven by the combination of flash evaporation injection force and gravity, and comprises a flash evaporation injection tube bundle, a magnetic ball movement tube bundle, a liquid storage tank, a linear generator unit and a rotary generator unit. After the low-boiling point working medium in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle is heated and boiled, the lower magnetic ball plays a role of a stop return valve, and the kinetic energy of the boiling expansion of the working medium drives the upper magnetic ball to cut a linear generator winding to generate power; meanwhile, the gas-liquid mixture pushes the impeller to rotate, and drives the rotary generator to generate electricity. When the low boiling point working medium in the heat transfer pipe is heated and boiled, the boiling injection process is intermittent for a single heat transfer pipe, and the impeller can continuously rotate for generating power for a flash evaporation injection pipe bundle. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle, the pump work is saved, and the device has the advantage of high efficiency and can be applied to medium-low temperature waste heat power generation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of low-temperature heat source power generation, and particularly relates to a continuous power generation device and method using organic working medium to circulate without a pump.
Background
Heat energy is the most widely used energy form in national economy and people's life, and many scholars have made a great deal of research on the utilization of various medium-low temperature heat energy in recent years. The medium-low temperature energy sources are various in variety and huge in total amount, and comprise various industrial waste heat, solar energy, geothermal energy, biomass energy, ocean temperature difference energy, LNG cold energy and the like. Along with the strong promotion of energy conservation and emission reduction, the technology has mature application technology aiming at medium-high temperature heat sources such as industrial waste heat, solar concentrating heat and the like. The utilization rate of low-temperature heat sources such as shallow geothermal energy, solar energy and industrial waste heat is to be improved.
One of the main modes of heat power conversion of the medium-low temperature heat source is an organic Rankine cycle, and common modes comprise a multi-layer organic Rankine cycle or a gravity-driven organic Rankine cycle, but the problem that the power consumption of a pump is large, so that the power generation efficiency is low or the system height is too high due to insufficient driving force exists.
In recent years, for the utilization of medium and low temperature heat sources, related scholars also propose a triple-flash cycle, the cycle is composed of an evaporator, a compressor and an expander, the working medium in the evaporator cannot generate phase change after being heated, when the pressure reaches a certain value, a valve at the inlet of the expander is opened, high-temperature and high-pressure liquid enters a low-pressure environment through a nozzle, and flash evaporation occurs at the outlet of the nozzle to generate jet flow to drive the expander to rotate. Because the working medium in the evaporator of the system can be started to generate power after reaching a certain pressure every time of heating, the problem of generating pulse current exists.
Therefore, the research of a continuous power generation system for reducing pumping work and reducing system scale has important practical significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a continuous power generation device and a method using organic working media for pump-free circulation, and the device and the method have the advantages of simple structure and high efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a continuous power generation device using organic working medium pump-free circulation is composed of an organic working medium closed circulation loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1, a magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, a liquid storage tank 3, a descending tube 4 and a header 5, wherein the outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, the outlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 is all communicated with the inlet of the liquid storage tank 3, the outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the descending tube 4, the outlet of the descending tube 4 is communicated with the inlet of the header 5, and the outlet of the header 5 is communicated with the inlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1; the two power generation units comprise a linear power generation unit 6 and a rotary power generation unit 7, wherein the linear power generation unit 6 consists of a linear power generation winding 8 wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, a rectifying circuit 9 connected with the linear power generation winding 8 and a load 20 connected with the rectifying circuit 9, and the rotary power generation unit 7 consists of an impeller 10 arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 and positioned right above the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 and a rotary power generator 11 connected with the impeller 10; the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is placed in a heat source 12, and a condensation capillary 13 is fully distributed above the liquid storage tank 3; the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is provided with a lower nozzle 14 and an upper nozzle 15, and a lower magnetic ball 16 and an upper magnetic ball 17 are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15.
The outlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 is a conical tapered opening 18.
The organic working medium closed circulation loop is provided with a low-boiling point organic working medium 19.
The lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15 are convergent-divergent nozzles.
The lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 are strong-magnetic high-temperature-resistant neodymium-iron-boron magnetic balls.
The liquid storage tank 3 is arranged obliquely downwards near one side of the downcomer 4.
The temperature of the heat source 12 is 70-400 ℃, and the type of medium is not limited to substances such as water, heat conducting oil and the like.
According to the power generation method of the continuous power generation device using the organic working medium pump-free circulation, a preset amount of saturated liquid organic working medium is filled in an organic working medium closed circulation loop under a preset temperature condition; after the heat source 12 is started, the saturated liquid organic working medium in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 starts to be heated, the temperature and the pressure of the saturated liquid organic working medium gradually rise due to the tightness of the lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 on a heating space, when the pressure rises to push the upper magnetic ball 17 away a gap, the pressure in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 suddenly drops, at the moment, the working medium undergoes a quasi-isothermal rapid expansion process, and the pressure of the working medium is rapidly close to the initial preset pressure of the continuous power generation device; because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, the working medium is gradually overheated, a small amount of gas nuclei are generated firstly, and as the working medium is further overheated, the overheated working medium can generate a large amount of bubble nuclei due to phase change, so that rapid gasification is caused, namely a large amount of bubbles are generated; the air bubble will then expand rapidly until bursting, and this expansion bursting process will generate a strong force to push the upper magnetic ball 17 to spray upwards; in the process, the lower nozzle 14 is tightly matched with the lower magnetic ball 16 to play a role of a check valve, so that the spraying force of the liquid in the flash evaporation spraying tube bundle 1 is all used for pushing the upper magnetic ball 17 to move upwards; when the upper magnetic ball 17 rises to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the up-and-down motion of the upper magnetic ball 17 causes the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding 8 to change, and the induced current generated in the linear generator winding 8 is rectified by the rectifying circuit 9 to drive the external load 20 to work; in order to prevent the magnetic ball from moving to the liquid storage tank, a conical tapered opening 18 is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, and the conical tapered opening 18 simultaneously enables the speed of the gas-liquid two-phase flow sprayed to the impeller 10 to be higher; the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 is aligned with the impeller blades, and the jet force of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle drives the impeller 10 to rotate so as to drive the rotary generator 11 to generate electricity; working medium after acting in each tube of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 uniformly enters the liquid storage tank 3, is condensed into an initial saturated liquid state under the action of the condensation capillary 13 at the top of the liquid storage tank, flows into the header 5 under the action of the downcomer 4, and starts the next cycle.
The invention provides a continuous power generation mode under a medium-low temperature heat source, which has the following innovations:
(1) The device adds an independently innovative tube bundle boiling injection pushing impeller power generation system on the basis of a separated heat pipe system and a gravity driven organic Rankine cycle. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle power generation system, the device has the advantages that the main circulation loop adopts a natural circulation mode, a booster pump and an expander are omitted, external power supply is not needed, the power consumption of the pump is avoided, and the device has high efficiency and low cost.
(2) Compared with the gravity-driven organic Rankine cycle, the device is additionally provided with a boiling jet device consisting of a flash evaporation jet tube bundle, a magnetic ball motion tube bundle, an upper nozzle, a lower nozzle, an upper magnetic ball, a lower magnetic ball and a heat source, wherein the magnetic balls arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle provide generation conditions for boiling jet, and can be used as a motion part to cut an induction coil to generate power. The driving force of the system is enhanced, and the utilization rate of the low-temperature heat source is higher.
(3) Compared with a single-tube flash evaporation injection gravity-driven power generation device, the tube bundle type heat transfer tube, the impeller and the magnetic ball combined power generation mode is adopted, and electric energy can be continuously output.
Due to the special design of the continuous power generation device, the continuous power generation device has the advantages of low cost and easiness in implementation, and can be used in the fields of distributed power generation systems, medium-low temperature waste heat utilization and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a continuous power generation device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1 is a flash evaporation jet tube bundle; 2 is a magnetic ball movement tube bundle; 3 is a liquid storage tank; 4 is a down pipe; 5 is a header; 6 is a linear generator unit; 7 is a rotary generator unit; 8 is a linear generator winding; 9 is a rectifying circuit; 10 is an impeller; 11 is a rotary generator; 12 is a heat source; 13 is a condensation capillary; 14 is a lower nozzle; 15 is an upper nozzle; 16 is a lower magnetic ball; 17 is an upper magnetic ball; 18. is a conical tapered mouth; 19 is a low boiling point organic working medium; 20 is a load.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention relates to a continuous power generation device using organic working medium pump-free circulation, which consists of an organic working medium closed circulation loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1, a magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, a liquid storage tank 3, a descending tube 4 and a header 5, wherein the outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is connected with the inlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, the outlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2 is communicated with the inlet of the liquid storage tank 3, the outlet of the liquid storage tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the descending tube 4, the outlet of the descending tube 4 is communicated with the inlet of the header 5, and the outlet of the header 5 is communicated with the inlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1; the two power generation units comprise a linear power generation unit 6 and a rotary power generation unit 7, wherein the linear power generation unit 6 consists of a linear power generation winding 8 wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2, a rectifying circuit 9 connected with the linear power generation winding 8 and a load 20 connected with the rectifying circuit 9, and the rotary power generation unit 7 consists of an impeller 10 arranged in the liquid storage tank 3 and positioned right above the magnetic ball movement tube bundle 2 and a rotary power generator 11 connected with the impeller 10; the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is placed in a heat source 12, and a condensation capillary 13 is fully distributed above the liquid storage tank 3; the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is provided with a lower nozzle 14 and an upper nozzle 15, and a lower magnetic ball 16 and an upper magnetic ball 17 are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15. The main circulation loop is provided with a low boiling point working medium 19. By heating the low boiling point organic working medium 19, the boiling jet device pushes the upper magnetic ball 17 to do up-down reciprocating linear motion, and then the gas-liquid mixture still having larger jet force pushes the impeller 10 to rotate, wherein the gas phase is condensed into saturated liquid under the action of the capillary condensation pipe 13, and the saturated liquid is mixed with the liquid phase and then flows through the descending pipe to enter the flash evaporation jet pipe bundle 1 again to be heated to complete one cycle. The device drives the generator to generate electricity through the up-and-down reciprocating motion of the magnetic ball and the rotation of the impeller, thereby realizing the purpose of converting the heat energy of the medium-low temperature heat source into electric energy.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outlet of the tube bundle 2 for moving magnetic balls is a tapered mouth 18, which reduces the sectional area of the flow path and increases the velocity of the fluid, so that the fluid sprayed onto the impeller 10 has higher kinetic energy. At the same time, this structure also prevents the upper magnetic ball 17 from moving to the reservoir.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower nozzle 14 and the upper nozzle 15 are convergent-divergent nozzles, and the fluid velocity increases and the pressure decreases when the fluid flows through the throat of the convergent-divergent nozzle, so that part of the liquid evaporates and is changed from a saturated liquid state to a two-phase state. Compared with the traditional organic Rankine cycle, the device can transfer heat from a heat source to a working medium more effectively, so that irreversible loss is reduced, and the technological performance of a system is improved.
As the preferred implementation mode of the invention, the lower magnetic ball 16 and the upper magnetic ball 17 are strong magnetic high temperature resistant neodymium iron boron magnetic balls, the working temperature can reach 200 ℃ at most, the texture is hard, the performance is stable, and the cost performance is good. The strong magnetic material enables the elements to be more miniaturized, reduces the scale of the device, and simultaneously has higher magnetic field strength and higher efficiency under the condition of unchanged geometric dimension.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid storage tank 3 is disposed at a side close to the down pipe 4 in a downward inclined manner, and the gravity difference can counteract a part of the friction resistance of the gas phase.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the temperature of the heat source 12 is 70 to 400 ℃, and the heating method can be classified into a direct introduction method and an indirect introduction method according to the heat source introduction method. The direct introduction method is to put the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 into low-grade heat energy or directly heat the circulating working medium by using a low-grade heat source; the indirect introduction mode means that a new heating loop is additionally established, a low-grade heat source is utilized to heat an intermediate medium, and then the intermediate medium is utilized to heat a circulating working medium of the device, wherein the intermediate medium can be water, heat conducting oil and other substances.
The invention relates to a continuous power generation device using organic working medium pump-free circulation, which comprises the following working processes:
(1) The organic working medium closed loop is evacuated and filled with a low boiling point organic working medium 19. In the initial state, the working medium is in a saturated liquid state under the room temperature condition.
(2) The condenser capillary 13 and the heat source 12 are sequentially turned on. The temperature and pressure of the working medium in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 are increased in the heating process, and when the pressure of the working medium is increased to overcome the gravity of the upper magnetic ball 17 and the gravity of the working medium in the magnetic ball moving tube bundle 2, the upper magnetic ball 17 is pushed away by a gap. At this time, the pressure in the flash jet tube bundle 1 suddenly decreases, eventually to the continuous power plant initial pressure. Because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, part of the working medium in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle 1 is in an overheated state, so that a small amount of gas nuclei are generated.
(3) In an extremely short (millisecond) time, the working medium will be further overheated, and the overheated working medium will generate a large number of bubble nuclei due to phase change, thereby causing rapid gasification, i.e. generating a large number of bubbles. The air bubble will then expand rapidly until burst, and this expansion burst will produce a strong force pushing the upper magnetic sphere 17 upward.
(4) After the upper magnetic ball 17 moves to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the up-and-down movement of the upper magnetic ball 17 causes the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding 8 to change, and the induced current generated in the linear generator winding 8 is rectified by the rectifying circuit 9 to drive the external load 20 to work. The fluid after pushing the magnetic ball to do work passes through the conical tapered opening 18 and then pushes the impeller 10 to rotate so as to drive the rotary generator 11 to generate electricity.
(5) After the working medium enters the liquid storage tank 3, the gas phase in the two-phase working medium contacts with the condensation capillary tube 13 in the liquid storage tank, is condensed into an initial saturated liquid state, and enters the flash evaporation injection tube bundle 1 again for heating through the downcomer 4 and the header 5 under the action of gravity.
The above process is one complete cycle of the device. The up-and-down reciprocating motion of the upper magnetic ball 17 and the rotation of the impeller 10 drive the linear generator winding 8 and the rotary generator 11 to generate continuous current respectively.
Claims (6)
1. A continuous power generation device using organic working medium pump-free circulation is characterized in that: the device consists of an organic working medium closed circulation loop and two power generation units; the organic working medium closed circulation loop comprises a flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1), a magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2), a liquid storage tank (3), a descending tube (4) and a collecting tank (5), wherein an outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1) is connected with an inlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2), an outlet of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2) is all communicated with an inlet of the liquid storage tank (3), an outlet of the liquid storage tank (3) is connected with an inlet of the descending tube (4), an outlet of the descending tube (4) is communicated with an inlet of the collecting tank (5), and an outlet of the collecting tank (5) is communicated with an inlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1); the two power generation units comprise a linear power generation unit (6) and a rotary power generation unit (7), wherein the linear power generation unit (6) consists of a linear power generation winding (8) wound on the outer wall of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2), a rectifying circuit (9) connected with the linear power generation winding (8) and a load (20) connected with the rectifying circuit (9), and the rotary power generation unit (7) consists of an impeller (10) arranged in the liquid storage tank (3) and positioned right above the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2) and a rotary power generator (11) connected with the impeller (10); the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1) is placed in a heat source (12), and a condensation capillary tube (13) is distributed above the liquid storage tank (3); a lower nozzle (14) and an upper nozzle (15) are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1), and a lower magnetic ball (16) and an upper magnetic ball (17) are respectively arranged on the lower nozzle (14) and the upper nozzle (15);
the outlet of the magnetic ball movement tube bundle (2) is a conical tapered opening (18);
the organic working medium closed circulation loop is provided with a low-boiling point organic working medium (19).
2. A continuous power generation apparatus using pumpless circulation of organic working fluid as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lower nozzle (14) and the upper nozzle (15) are convergent-divergent nozzles.
3. A continuous power generation apparatus using pumpless circulation of organic working fluid as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lower magnetic ball (16) and the upper magnetic ball (17) are strong-magnetic high-temperature-resistant neodymium-iron-boron magnetic balls.
4. A continuous power generation apparatus using pumpless circulation of organic working fluid as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the liquid storage tank (3) is arranged at one side close to the downcomer (4) in a downward inclined mode.
5. A continuous power generation apparatus using pumpless circulation of organic working fluid as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of the heat source (12) is 70-400 ℃, and the medium type is water or heat conducting oil.
6. A power generation method of a continuous power generation device using no pump circulation of an organic working medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: under the preset temperature condition, filling a preset amount of saturated liquid organic working medium into the organic working medium closed circulation loop; after the heat source (12) is started, the saturated liquid organic working medium in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1) starts to be heated, the temperature and the pressure of the saturated liquid organic working medium gradually rise due to the tightness of the lower magnetic ball (16) and the upper magnetic ball (17) on a heating space, when the pressure rises to push the upper magnetic ball (17) away a gap, the pressure in the flash evaporation jet tube bundle (1) suddenly drops, at the moment, the working medium undergoes a quasi-isothermal rapid expansion process, and the pressure of the working medium rapidly approaches to the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device; because the initial pressure of the continuous power generation device is lower than the saturated vapor pressure of the circulating working medium at the corresponding temperature, the working medium is gradually overheated, a small amount of gas nuclei are generated firstly, and as the working medium is further overheated, the overheated working medium can generate a large amount of bubble nuclei due to phase change, so that rapid gasification is caused, namely a large amount of bubbles are generated; the air bubble will expand rapidly until burst, and the expansion burst process will generate strong acting force to push the upper magnetic ball (17) to spray upwards; in the process, the lower nozzle (14) is tightly matched with the lower magnetic ball (16) to play a role of a check valve, so that the spraying force of the liquid in the flash evaporation spraying tube bundle (1) is all used for pushing the upper magnetic ball (17) to move upwards; when the upper magnetic ball (17) rises to a certain height, the upper magnetic ball falls back to the original position under the action of gravity, the up-and-down motion of the upper magnetic ball (17) causes the magnetic field intensity in the linear generator winding (8) to change, and the induced current generated in the linear generator winding (8) is rectified by the rectifying circuit (9) to drive an external load (20) to work; in order to prevent the magnetic ball from moving to the liquid storage tank, a conical tapered opening (18) is arranged at the tail end of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2), and the conical tapered opening (18) simultaneously ensures that the speed of the gas-liquid two-phase flow sprayed to the impeller (10) is higher; the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2) is aligned with the impeller blades, and the injection force of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle pushes the impeller (10) to rotate so as to drive the rotary generator (11) to generate electricity; working media after acting in all the tubes of the magnetic ball moving tube bundle (2) uniformly enter the liquid storage tank (3), are condensed into an initial saturated liquid state under the action of the condensation capillary tube (13) at the top of the liquid storage tank, and then flow into the header (5) under the action of the descending tube (4) to start the next cycle.
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| WO2009107383A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | Kanemitsu Toshinori | Intermediate temperature heat engine |
| CN106545476A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of flash distillation active control system and method for adapting to solar energy organic Rankine bottoming cycle |
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| CN110578566A (en) * | 2019-09-01 | 2019-12-17 | 天津大学 | organic Rankine cycle power generation system combining flash evaporation and injection pump and control method thereof |
| CN211500736U (en) * | 2020-02-11 | 2020-09-15 | 西安交通大学 | Continuous power generation device utilizing organic working medium pump-free circulation |
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| WO2009107383A1 (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-03 | Kanemitsu Toshinori | Intermediate temperature heat engine |
| CN106545476A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2017-03-29 | 天津大学 | A kind of flash distillation active control system and method for adapting to solar energy organic Rankine bottoming cycle |
| CN109723510A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-07 | 南京工业大学 | Pump-free organic Rankine cycle power generation method and device with constant power output |
| CN110578566A (en) * | 2019-09-01 | 2019-12-17 | 天津大学 | organic Rankine cycle power generation system combining flash evaporation and injection pump and control method thereof |
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